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No. of bitstreams: 1 mesquita_caa_me_rcla.pdf: 2145747 bytes, checksum: af02fb083176d94100d4c42633c769d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar se a qualidade da dieta e o nível de atividade física habitual de adultos oriundos de UBS (Unidades Básicas de Saúde) da cidade de Bauru/SP, podem ter impacto nos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da síndrome metabólica. A amostra foi composta por 495 indivíduos com idade média de 69,1 ± 8,22, atendidas em 5 UBS (Cardia, Gasparine, Nova esperança, Europa e Geisel), que abrangem as principais regiões do município. O estudo de corte transversal é parte de uma coorte iniciada no ano de 2010 que totalizava 963 indivíduos. Todos os avaliados tiveram peso, altura, circunferência da cintura, dobras cutâneas e pressão arterial aferidos pelos avaliadores devidamente treinados da pesquisa. Para análise da ingestão alimentar, foi utilizado o recordatório de 24 horas e posteriormente organizados em planilha eletrônica para o cálculo de macronutrientes e micronutrientes as tabelas de composição de alimentos (TACO) e United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). O nível de atividade física foi determinado pelo questionário de Baecke et al (1982), o nível sócio econômico e a escolaridade foram obtidos a partir do inquérito da Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa (ABEP). A síndrome metabólica (SM) foi classificada de acordo com os critérios da Executive Summary of The Third Report of National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP-ATP III). Foi verificado que 35,7% (N=177) dos indivíduos avaliados possuem SM e a UBS com maior prevalência foi a UBS Gasparine. Nossos achados apontam que mais da metade da amostra já possui pelo menos 1 fator de risco para desenvolver a síndrome. Nota-se que o fator de risco mais prevalente na amostra é a circunferência de cintura alterada (88%), seguida pela pressão arterial (79%). Assim, considerada uma população de risco, merece atenção específica por parte da rede pública para minimizar a prevalência de SM que é relacionada com a ocorrência das doenças cardiovasculares (DCV). Foi verificado que os pacientes que apresentam a síndrome possuem o índice de massa corpórea (IMC), circunferência da cintura e relação cintura/quadril significativamente superior àqueles que não possuem. Outro resultado relevante na presente pesquisa é que as mulheres possuem 1,88 vezes mais chances para desenvolver a SM em comparação com os homens, do mesmo modo, a idade e o IMC se apresentaram como fator de risco metabólico. / The propose of this present study was to investigate whether the quality of diet and the level of habitual physical activity of adults from the Basic Health Care Units (BHU) of the city of Bauru/SP may have an impact on the risk factors for the development of the metabolic syndrome . The sample consisted of 495 individuals with a mean age of 69.1 ± 8.22, attended in 5 BHU (Cardia, Gasparini, Nova Esperança, Europa and Geisel), covering the main regions of the municipality. The cross-sectional study is part of a cohort initiated in 2010 that totaled 963 individuals. The sample had weight, height, waist circumference, skinfolds and blood pressure measured by the trained surveyors. For food intake analysis, the 24-hour recall was used and the food composition tables (TACO) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) were subsequently organized for the calculation of macronutrients and micronutrients. The level of physical activity was determined by the questionnaire of Baecke et al (1982), the socioeconomic level and schooling were obtained from the Brazilian Association of Research Companies (ABEP) survey. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was classified according to the criteria of the Executive Summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEPATP III). It was verified that 35.7% (N = 177) of the individuals evaluated had SM and the BHU with the highest prevalence was BHU Gasparine. Our findings indicate that more than half of the sample already has at least 1 risk factor to develop the syndrome. The most prevalent risk factor in the sample is altered waist circumference (88%), followed by blood pressure (79%). Thus, considering the risk population, it deserves specific attention on the part of the public system to minimize the prevalence of MS that is related to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It was verified that the patients presenting with the syndrome have the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist / hip ratio significantly higher than those who do not. Another relevant finding in the present study is that women are 1.88 times more likely to develop MS compared to men, similarly, age and BMI were presented as a metabolic risk factor.

El proyecto plantea un centro de día y residencia dirigido al adulto mayor, en el cual se plantean diversos factores para responder a las necesidades del usuario tales como vivienda, alimentación, salud y recreación. El proyecto tiene como objetivo base lograr generar una interacción entre el usuario y la comunidad, evitando que el adulto mayor se sienta aislado de la sociedad, formando una arquitectura con un límite permeable hacia el entorno para lograr una mejor relación con este. El proyecto se diseñó con los criterios arquitectónicos establecidos en los estudios y proyectos referenciales que ayuden a lograr un diseño adecuado. Como volumen, se busco acoplar el proyecto a su entorno inmediato, tomando en cuenta las alturas, los usos y creando un limite más ligero entre el proyecto y su entorno. Se investigó y se estudio a detalle diferentes factores, como el usuario, programa, zonificación y áreas para el diseño del centro, tomando en cuenta diferentes centros de referencia tanto nacionales como internacionales y asegurando el bienestar y respuesta de las necesidades del usuario. / The project proposes a day center and residence for the elderly, in which various factors are proposed to respond to the needs of the user such as housing, food, health and recreation. The project's main objective is to generate an interaction between the user and the community, preventing the elderly from feeling isolated from society, forming an architecture with a permeable boundary to the environment to achieve a better relationship with it. The project was designed with the architectural criteria established in the studies and reference projects that help to achieve an adequate design. As a volume, the project was designed to fit in with its immediate surroundings, taking into account the heights, uses and creating a lighter boundary between the project and its surroundings. Different factors were investigated and studied in detail, such as the user, program, zoning and areas for the design of the center, taking into account different national and international reference centers and ensuring the welfare and response to the needs of the user. / Tesis

Regular physical activity during pregnancy provides both maternal and infant health benefits. The complexity of measuring physical activity during pregnancy hampers the determination of the optimal dose of habitual physical activity for pregnant women and has led to broad physical activity guidelines for pregnant women. Subjectively-determined physical activity levels by means of questionnaires may have contributed to these broad guidelines. However the ActiHeart®, a dual heart rate monitor and accelerometer, is an accurate and reliable measurement tool to determine physical activity levels during pregnancy. Maternal physical activity tends to decrease during pregnancy and may lead to various health risks, including excessive weight gain, risk for gestational diabetes, lower back pain and adverse foetal outcomes. Determining the influence of physical activity on foetal growth is confounded by various variables, therefore objectively-measured habitual physical activity is essential. This study aims to objectively determine habitual physical activity patterns of pregnant women and the relationship between habitual physical activity and foetal growth parameters. In a longitudinal, observational, cohort study design, 60 pregnant women were measured at four stages in their pregnancy: the first trimester (9 – 12 weeks), second trimester (20 – 22 weeks), third trimester (28 – 32 weeks) and three months postpartum. Demographic information was collected by means of a questionnaire specifically compiled for this study, followed by anthropometric measurements (height and weight). Assessment of the participants resting blood pressure, heart rate (Microlife® Semi-Automatic blood pressure and heart rate monitor) and metabolic rate (FitmateTM, Cosmed) was obtained. Thereafter, a step-test was performed for individualised calibration of the ActiHeart® device for assessment of habitual physical activity patterns over a 7-day period. Foetal growth parameters that included birth weight (kg), birth length (cm), abdominal circumference (cm) and head circumference (cm), were collected from medical records and from the mother post-partum. Habitual physical activity, presented as average Activity Energy Expenditure (AEE), physical Activity Level (PAL), activity counts and minutes spent in activity, declined from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. The AEE during the first trimester averaged 803 ± 34 kCal/day and declined statistically significant to 592 ± 383 kCal/day in the third trimester. Minutes spent per week doing moderate activity declined from 103 ± 83 min/week in the first trimester to 55 ± 66 min/week in the third trimester. Average pregnancy AEE indicated a non-significant negative relationship with all foetal growth measurements - birth weight (r = - 0.39, p = 0.45), birth length (r = - 0.16, p = 0.77), Ponderal Index (r = - 0.34, p = 0.51) - and a non-significant positive relationship with head circumference at birth (r = 0.14, p = 0.79). In conclusion, the objectively-determined, habitual physical activity levels of the participants did not meet the stated guidelines for pregnant women. During the progression of pregnancy, the activity levels declined significantly at the third trimester. The habitual activity levels indicate no effect on the foetal growth parameters. / MSc (Biokinetics), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

Regular physical activity during pregnancy provides both maternal and infant health benefits. The complexity of measuring physical activity during pregnancy hampers the determination of the optimal dose of habitual physical activity for pregnant women and has led to broad physical activity guidelines for pregnant women. Subjectively-determined physical activity levels by means of questionnaires may have contributed to these broad guidelines. However the ActiHeart®, a dual heart rate monitor and accelerometer, is an accurate and reliable measurement tool to determine physical activity levels during pregnancy. Maternal physical activity tends to decrease during pregnancy and may lead to various health risks, including excessive weight gain, risk for gestational diabetes, lower back pain and adverse foetal outcomes. Determining the influence of physical activity on foetal growth is confounded by various variables, therefore objectively-measured habitual physical activity is essential. This study aims to objectively determine habitual physical activity patterns of pregnant women and the relationship between habitual physical activity and foetal growth parameters. In a longitudinal, observational, cohort study design, 60 pregnant women were measured at four stages in their pregnancy: the first trimester (9 – 12 weeks), second trimester (20 – 22 weeks), third trimester (28 – 32 weeks) and three months postpartum. Demographic information was collected by means of a questionnaire specifically compiled for this study, followed by anthropometric measurements (height and weight). Assessment of the participants resting blood pressure, heart rate (Microlife® Semi-Automatic blood pressure and heart rate monitor) and metabolic rate (FitmateTM, Cosmed) was obtained. Thereafter, a step-test was performed for individualised calibration of the ActiHeart® device for assessment of habitual physical activity patterns over a 7-day period. Foetal growth parameters that included birth weight (kg), birth length (cm), abdominal circumference (cm) and head circumference (cm), were collected from medical records and from the mother post-partum. Habitual physical activity, presented as average Activity Energy Expenditure (AEE), physical Activity Level (PAL), activity counts and minutes spent in activity, declined from the first to the third trimester of pregnancy. The AEE during the first trimester averaged 803 ± 34 kCal/day and declined statistically significant to 592 ± 383 kCal/day in the third trimester. Minutes spent per week doing moderate activity declined from 103 ± 83 min/week in the first trimester to 55 ± 66 min/week in the third trimester. Average pregnancy AEE indicated a non-significant negative relationship with all foetal growth measurements - birth weight (r = - 0.39, p = 0.45), birth length (r = - 0.16, p = 0.77), Ponderal Index (r = - 0.34, p = 0.51) - and a non-significant positive relationship with head circumference at birth (r = 0.14, p = 0.79). In conclusion, the objectively-determined, habitual physical activity levels of the participants did not meet the stated guidelines for pregnant women. During the progression of pregnancy, the activity levels declined significantly at the third trimester. The habitual activity levels indicate no effect on the foetal growth parameters. / MSc (Biokinetics), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

In order to harmonize the international private law and simplify situations of cross-border inheritance, EU has imposed a new inheritance regulation, Regulation (EU) No 650/2012 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and acceptance and enforcement of authentic instruments in matters of succession and on the creation of a European Certificate of Succession. This regulation governs, among other things, jurisdiction and applicable law in situations of inheritance. The important connecting factor in determining jurisdiction and applicable law is habitual residence. That is why it is important to determine where the deceased person has their habitual residence since the member states’ national regulations look different and thereby have different definitions and interpretations of the term habitual residence. The clarification of the term in the inheritance regulation is therefore important. The question is how the term should be interpreted and which criteria are necessary to acquire habitual residence. The habitual residence term is interpreted as autonomous in the inheritance regulation. This means that the term is interpreted uniformly within all EU member states regardless of the states’ national interpretation of the term. Many circumstances should be taken into consideration when making a determination of habitual residence, such as regularity and duration of the deceased’s presence in the state concerned, the conditions and reasons for that presence, family relationships and social life. These circumstances show where the deceased has their centre of interests and, consequently, also their habitual residence. Furthermore, an analysis is made of which effects the application of the domicile principle will have, instead of the principle of nationality regarding jurisdiction and applicable law, in the Swedish law system. Since the Swedish courts already apply Swedish international private law where the domicile term is used as well as EU-regulations where the domicile principle is applied, it can be assumed that the courts in Sweden will not face particular difficulties in applying the residence principle. / För att harmonisera den internationella privaträtten och förenkla situationer gällande gränsöverskridande arvsrättsliga frågor har EU infört en ny arvsförordning, Förordning (EU) nr 650/2012 av den 4 juli 2012 ”om behörighet, tillämplig lag, erkännande och verkställighet av domar samt godkännande och verkställighet av officiella handlingar i samband med arv och om inrättandet av ett europeiskt arvsintyg”. Denna förordning reglerar bland annat behörig domstol och tillämplig lag vid arvsrättsliga situationer. För att kunna avgöra vilken domstol som är behörig samt vilken lag som kan bli tillämplig är anknytningskriteriet ”hemvist” avgörande enligt arvsförordningen. Därför är det viktigt att kunna fastställa var den avlidne personen har sin hemvist då medlemstaternas nationella regleringar ser olika ut och därmed har olika definitioner och tolkningar av hemvistbegreppet. Att begreppet förtydligas och klargörs i arvsförordningen är därför viktigt. Frågan är hur begreppet ska tolkas och vilka kriterier som krävs för att förvärva hemvist. Hemvistbegreppet tolkas som autonomt i arvsförordningen. Detta innebär att begreppet tolkas enhetligt inom alla EU:s medlemsstater oberoende av hur staternas nationella tolkning av begreppet lyder. För att kunna göra en hemvistbedömning ska flera omständigheter beaktas såsom regelbundenhet och varaktighet vid vistelsen, vistelsens situation och syfte samt familjeförhållanden och sociala relationer. Dessa faktorer visar var den avlidne har sitt intressecentrum och således även sin hemvist. Vidare utreds vilka effekter hemvistprincipens tillämpande, istället för nationalitetsprincipen vid behörig domstol och lagval, får i svensk rätt. Eftersom svenska domstolar redan tillämpar svensk internationell privaträtt där hemvistbegreppet används samt EU-förordningar där hemvistprincipen tillämpas, kan det antas att domstolarna i Sverige inte kommer möta särskilda svårigheter vid hemvistprincipens tillämpande.

This thesis focusses on the role of attentional bias for health-threat information in the production and maintenance of medically unexplained symptoms, somatoform disorders and high levels of physical symptom reporting. It is comprised of three separate papers. Paper 1 was prepared for Clinical Psychology Review as a systematic review of the evidence concerning attentional bias for health–threat information in populations presenting with somatoform/somatic symptom disorders and high levels of physical symptom reporting. From the 20 studies deemed relevant for review, it was concluded that - although limited - the evidence indicated that a relationship existed between attentional bias for health-threat information and levels of physical symptom reporting. No robust evidence was found to establish whether this relationship was a casual one. Paper 2 was prepared for Journal of Abnormal Psychology and investigated whether an exogenous cueing task could be used to reduce presumed attentional bias for health-threat information in a sample of high symptom reporting students. The results showed an unexpected attentional avoidance of health-threat information at baseline, which the study manipulation unintentionally exacerbated. No change in levels of physical symptom reporting was noted between groups (attributed to a methodological error) but a trend in relatively greater anxiety for those who received the manipulation was noted. It was concluded that avoidance may be a key factor in high symptom reporting and that this merited further research. Paper 3 provided a critical reflection of Papers 1 and 2, as well as the research process as a whole. Implications for theory and clinical practice as well as future research directions were discussed.

Title: Habitual physical activity of Portuguese university students in the period of summer holidays Aim of the study: The aim of study is to evaluate habitual physical activity of Portuguese university students and to find out if they are meeting physical activity recommendations and could be seen as a sample of active population. Methods: Sample of the study was made of Portuguese university students, exactly students of physical education and sport sciences faculty. Sample size was 125 respondents, 81males and 44females. The sample refers to young adult age group from 18 years old, both genders. Instrument used was International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ), long version. Data were collected electronically by Google Docs and then analyzed in Microsoft Excel 2007 and IBM SPSS Statistics 20. Results: Physical activity and sport scientist's students can be seen as a sample of active population. 122 (97.6%) respondents are meeting physical activity recommendations from which 87 (69.6%) are over-meeting these recommendations. PAL of the sample was high in 69,6%, moderate in 28% and low in 6,8% of the cases. No statistical significance was found between total physical activity score and academic year. The habitual physical activity of the sample is not influenced by their study curriculum....

Introdução: O Diabetes Mellitus (DM) é considerado atualmente um grave problema de saúde pública, com o número de pessoas com a doença aumentando consideravelmente nos últimos anos. É caracterizada pela elevação de glicose sanguínea, consequência da ação insatisfatória da insulina e/ou secreção insuficiente deste hormônio. Sendo um grupo de distúrbios metabólicos, é classificado, segundo sua etiologia, em Diabetes tipo 1 (DM1), Diabetes tipo 2 (DM2), outros tipos específicos de diabetes e Diabetes gestacional. O DM2 é a forma mais comum entre os distúrbios deste grupo, representando 90 a 95% dos casos. Várias doenças são associadas ao DM2, como hipertensão arterial, dislipidemia, doenças cardiovasculares e renais, retinopatia, neuropatia, entre outras, o que torna imprescindível a adoção de medidas de prevenção, o diagnóstico precoce e seu tratamento adequado, que inclui mudanças nos hábitos de vida. Os fatores mais importantes no tratamento do diabetes são a prática regular de exercícios físicos e a dieta, acompanhados de medicamentos. Os hábitos alimentares inadequados contribuem para o aumento considerável da obesidade e de doenças associadas ao DM2. Objetivo: Caracterizar indivíduos com diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) atendidos pelo Programa Saúde da Família no município de Uberaba, MG, quanto ao consumo alimentar, estado nutricional e controle glicêmico. Casuística e métodos: Participaram da pesquisa um total de 120 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 20 a 85 anos, residentes no município de Uberaba - MG, acompanhados pelo Sistema Hiperdia (HiperDia). Os indivíduos foram estratificados segundo faixa etária e sexo. Foi feita entrevista presencial através de um questionário semi-estruturado e um inquérito alimentar, Recordatório de 24h (R24h). Medidas antropométricas, peso, altura e circunferência da cintura, também foram aferidas na ocasião. Posterior ao encontro presencial foram aplicados mais dois R24h por telefone para cada entrevistado, em dias alternados. Os prontuários foram consultados para coleta de dados de glicemia de jejum. Resultados: Os indivíduos com DM2 participantes da pesquisa são 65% do sexo feminino. Em relação aos alimentos mais difíceis de reduzir ou eliminar o consumo, os mais citados foram doce (56,7%), massas (40%), refrigerante (28,3%), arroz (20,8%), alimentos gordurosos (18,3%) e café com açúcar (12,5%). Em relação à dieta habitual, a média de consumo energético foi de 1370,8 kcal. Entre os participantes, 53,3% apresentaram consumo proteico acima do recomendado pela Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes; já o consumo de carboidrato e gorduras totais foi adequado em mais da metade dos entrevistados. O consumo de colesterol, gordura saturada, açúcar e fibra foram, predominantemente, inadequados em alguns grupos. O fracionamento mais relatado entre os grupos foi de 3 a 4 refeições ao dia. Segundo o Índice de Massa Corporal, 44,2% dos indivíduos são classificados como obesos e 30,8% apresentam sobrepeso. Em relação à circunferência da cintura 76,6% apresentaram risco muito elevado para doenças cardiovasculares. Resultados de Glicemia de jejum apontam que o controle glicêmico do diabetes não está sendo adequado, pois a média dos grupos foi de 155mg/dl e 55,8% dos indivíduos apresentaram média igual ou superior a 130mg/dl. Conclusão: A dificuldade na adaptação do tratamento nutricional leva ao controle inadequado do DM2, tendo como consequência altos níveis glicêmicos, obesidade e obesidade central. Os resultados aqui apresentados apontam a necessidade de ações específicas de intervenção nutricional / Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is currently considered a serious issue in public health, and the number of people with this diagnosis has increased considerably in the last few years. It is characterized by a rise in the blood glucose, a consequence of an unsatisfactory action of the insulin and/or its insufficient secretion. As part of a group of metabolic disorders, it is classified, in accordance with its etiology, in Diabetes type 1 (DM1), Diabetes type 2 (DM2), other specific types of diabetes and Gestational Diabetes. DM2 is the most common form among the disorders in this group, representing from 90% to 95% of the cases. Several diseases are associated with DM2, such as arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular and renal diseases, retinopathy, and neuropathy, among others, a fact that demands the adoption of preventive measures, an early diagnosis, and adequate treatment, which includes changes in lifestyle. The most important factors in the treatment of diabetes are the regular practice of physical exercises, and diet, accompanied by medication. Inadequate eating habits contribute to a considerable increase in obesity and associated diseases to DM2. Purpose: To characterize individuals with a diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2) attended by the Family Health Programme in the municipality of Uberaba, State of Minas Gerais, concerning food intake, nutritional status, and glycemic control. Casuistic and methods: A sample of 120 individuals took part in the research, of both sexes, aged between 20 and 85 years old, resident in the municipality of Uberaba, MG, accompanied by the HyperDay System (HiperDia). The individuals were stratified in accordance with their age group and sex. A face-to-face interview was carried out by means of a semi-structured interview and a nutritional survey - a 24-hour Reminder (R24h). Anthropometric measurements, weight, height and waist circumference were also verified at the time. After the face-to-face meeting, other two R24h were carried out by telephone, on alternate days. The medical records were consulted for collection of the fasting glycaemia data. Results: Women are 65% of the individuals with DM2 who took part in the research. The most difficult foods to reduce or eliminate from daily intake, were sweets (56.7%), pasta (40%), soft drinks (28.3%), fatty foods (18.3%) and coffee with sugar (12.5%). Relating to daily eating, the average of energy intake was 1370.8 kcal. Protein intake above what is recommended by the Brazilian Diabetes Society was found in 53.3% of the participants, whereas carbohydrate and total fat intake was adequate in more than half of the subjects. The intake of cholesterol, saturated fat, sugar and fibers were predominantly inadequate in some groups. The most reported meal frequency among the groups was 3 to 4 meals per day. In accordance with the Body Mass Index, 44.2% of the individuals were classified as obese and 30.8% as overweight. In relation to the waist circumference, 76.6% of the participants showed a very high risk for cardiovascular diseases. Results of fasting glycaemia point to the fact that the glycemic control is not adequate, as the average of the groups was 155mg/dl and 55.8% of the individuals showed mean values equal or higher than 130mg/dl. Conclusion: The difficulty in adapting to the nutritional treatment leads to inadequate control of DM2, with consequent high levels of glycaemia, obesity and central obesity. The results showed here point to the necessity for specific actions of nutritional intervention.

Submitted by Fernanda Weschenfelder (fernanda.weschenfelder@uniceub.br) on 2018-05-28T17:47:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 61250183.pdf: 2318697 bytes, checksum: 999c1ac793b93dd300281692031589a6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Fernanda Weschenfelder (fernanda.weschenfelder@uniceub.br) on 2018-05-28T17:48:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 61250183.pdf: 2318697 bytes, checksum: 999c1ac793b93dd300281692031589a6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-28T17:48:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 61250183.pdf: 2318697 bytes, checksum: 999c1ac793b93dd300281692031589a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / O presente trabalho estuda o uso abusivo do direito de acesso à justiça, confundido com o acesso à jurisdição pelos litigantes que visam obter vantagens, notadamente econômicas, com um comportamento excessivamente litigioso, que contribui para a crise numérica do judiciário. Também é objeto de estudo como o próprio poder judiciário contribui para sua própria crise ao não investir em capital jurídico (segurança jurídica) e tornar o processo judicial uma incógnita em termos de previsibilidade. São identificados os tipos de litigantes como os litigantes habituais (dentre eles o Estado) e os litigantes inconsequentes, os motivos pelos quais adotam esse comportamento, sobretudo analisando-se dados fornecidos pelo Poder Judiciário, obtidos em pesquisa própria e pesquisas anteriores que servem de embasamento empírico e não somente teórico para o diagnóstico da litigiosidade realizado ao final. O método utilizado para aferir a cadeia de incentivos, a Análise Econômica do Direito, que gera a litigiosidade permitiu, também, que se realizasse a proposição de alteração legislativa e hermenêutica visando afetar a cadeia de incentivos dos litigantes habituais de modo a causar impacto positivo na crise numérica do judiciário.

Com a globalização e o constante aumento do fluxo internacional, tanto de mercadorias como de pessoas, observou-se o incremento dos negócios jurídicos com conexão internacional. A escolha da lei aplicável aos estatutos pessoais dividiu-se doutrinariamente entre defensores do elemento de conexão nacionalidade, como Mancini, e defensores do elemento de conexão domicílio, como Savigny. Cada vez mais conflitos envolvendo negócios jurídicos multijurisdicionais se tornaram uma realidade submetida aos tribunais internos dos países, de modo que a residência habitual surge como uma solução à dicotomia existente entre nacionalidade e domicílio. Nesse contexto, a finalidade da presente dissertação é analisar a incidência do elemento de conexão residência habitual no mundo globalizado e a incidência da residência habitual no direito internacional privado brasileiro. Para desenvolver os objetivos propostos, o estudo divide-se em dois capítulos. No primeiro capítulo é abordado o debate doutrinário existente na definição de residência habitual enquanto elemento de conexão, bem como a relação que possui com o domicílio – diferenciando-se domicílio em países de common law e de civil law. Neste primeiro momento ocorre também a análise do surgimento da residência habitual como elemento de conexão a determinar a lei aplicável, as suas primeiras utilizações pelas Convenções da Haia, previsões em legislações internas de diferentes países e também em âmbito unional através da União Europeia. O segundo capítulo destina-se à incidência da residência habitual no direito internacional privado brasileiro com a sua previsão em convenções já ratificadas pelo Brasil, bem como ao reconhecimento deste elemento de conexão no cenário brasileiro. Compreende, ainda, o estudo de julgados brasileiros que já utilizaram o critério da residência habitual e o futuro deste elemento de conexão no direito internacional privado brasileiro. Destacam-se as tentativas de atualização da Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro que já previram a inserção do elemento de conexão residência habitual de forma subsidiária ao domicílio. Em conclusão, tem-se que a atualização legislativa do direito internacional privado brasileiro deve inserir o elemento de conexão residência habitual, em ascensão no mundo atualmente, com primazia, e não de modo subsidiário como os projetos anteriores. A primazia do critério residência habitual permite a aplicação da lei mais próxima à vida da pessoa ou à relação jurídica multiconectada, e ainda harmoniza o direito internacional privado, permitindo que o domicílio e a nacionalidade sejam utilizados de modo subsidiário. / With globalization and the constant increase of the international flow of both goods and people, it was observed the increase of the legal transactions with an international connection. The choice of law applicable to personal statutes was divided doctrinally between defenders of the connecting factor of nationality as Mancini and defenders of the connecting factor of domicile as Savigny. More and more conflicts involving multijurisdictional legal business have become a constant reality submitted to the domestic courts of the countries, so that habitual residence emerges as a solution to the dichotomy existing between nationality and domicile. In this context, the purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the incidence of the connection factor of habitual residence in the globalized world and the incidence of habitual residence in Brazilian private international law. In order to develop the proposed objectives, the study is divided into two chapters. The first chapter addresses the doctrinal debate existing in the definition of habitual residence as connecting factor, as well as the relation that has with the domicile - differentiating domicile in countries of common law of civil law. In this first moment there is also the analysis of the emergence of habitual residence as an connecting factor to determine the applicable law, its first uses by the Hague Conventions, provisions in internal legislation of different countries and also in a unional scope through the European Union. The second chapter focuses on the incidence of habitual residence in Brazilian private international law with its prediction in conventions already ratified by Brazil, as well as the recognition of this connecting factor in the Brazilian scenario. It also includes the study of Brazilian judges who have already used the criterion of habitual residence and the future of this connecting factor in Brazilian private international law. It analyzes the attempts to update the Brazilian private international law that have already predicted the insertion of the connecting factor of habitual residence in a subsidiary form to the domicile. In conclusion, it is noticed that the legislative update of Brazilian private international law must insert the connecting factor of habitual residence, rising in the world today, with primacy, and not in a subsidiary way as the previous projects. The primacy of habitual residence allows the application of the law closest to the person's life or to the multi-connected legal relationship, and also harmonizes private international law, allowing domicile and nationality to be used in a subsidiary manner.