Diskussioner kring kostnader inom hälso- och sjukvårdsverksamhets kan betraktas som ett omtvistat ämne. Avvägningen mellan kostnad och kvalitet är kanske mer komplext på detta område än på många andra. Moraliska aspekter, liksom värdighet och diskretion är exempel på avseenden som är svåra att mäta i ekonomiska termer men som är nödvändiga för att kvaliteten på vården skall betraktas som hög. Det kan således anses finnas en inbyggd konflikt mellan vissa kvalitetsaspekter och kostnaden för vården. Denna uppsats har sin utgångspunkt i vårdverksamhetens ökade ekonomiska styrning, vilket är en följd av de rationaliseringar och omstruktureringar som sedan 1980-talet uppmärksammats inom den offentliga sektorn och som går under benämningen New Public Management. Syftet är att utifrån relevant teori genomföra intervjuer för att samla information om hur de förändringar som kommit att ta plats inom hälso- och sjukvården märks av och hur de bemöts av vårdpersonalen, samt konsekvenser av styrningens villkor och effekter. Slutsatserna har landat i att det inte råder något tvivel om att New Public Management kommit att förändra organisation och styrning inom hälso- och sjukvården. Privata inslag, som målstyrning, uppföljning och utvärdering, lokalt verksamhetsansvar förenat med central kontroll, präglar numera verksamheten i syfte mot ökad effektivitet och produktivitet. Detta märks bland annat genom att verksamheten har utvecklats till att bli betydligt mer kostnadsmedveten. Det existerar en bred tillämpning av olika metoder och modeller för styrning av verksamheten, vilket lett till att det administrativa arbetet ökat - en utveckling som upplevs negativ inom verksamheten eftersom den strider mot vårdpersonalens intressen. Politikernas inflytande, vilket kommit att öka, betraktas främst som negativ, dels beroende på politikernas bristande kunskap inom ämnesområdet, dels på grund av att professionens auktoritet minskat. / Discussions on costs in health care activities can be regarded as a questionable substance. The balance between cost and quality is perhaps more complex in this area than in many others. Moral aspects, as well as dignity and discretion are examples of ways that are difficult to measure in monetary terms but which are necessary for quality of care should be regarded as high. It can therefore be considered to be a built-in conflict between certain aspects of quality and cost of care. This paper has its starting point in care activities increased financial control, which is a result of the rationalization and restructuring since the 1980s, attention in the public sector and termed New Public Management. The aim is that based on relevant theory conduct interviews to gather information about the changes that have come to take place in health care organizations and how they are treated by health professionals, as well as the consequences of it. The findings have landed in that there is no doubt that the New Public Management has changed the organization and management in health care. Private elements, as management by objectives, monitoring and evaluation, local business responsibilities associated with central control, now characterizes the activity in order to increase efficiency and productivity. This is shown inter alia by the business has evolved to be much more cost conscious. There is an extensive use of various methods and models for control of the operation, which have led to an increased degree of administrative work - a development that is perceived negatively in the activity since it is contrary to the interests of health professionals. The politicians’ influence, which reached to increase, mainly regarded as negative, partly due to politicians’ lack of knowledge in the subject, partly because of the profession's authority diminished.

<p>Diskussioner kring kostnader inom hälso- och sjukvårdsverksamhets kan betraktas som ett omtvistat ämne. Avvägningen mellan kostnad och kvalitet är kanske mer komplext på detta område än på många andra. Moraliska aspekter, liksom värdighet och diskretion är exempel på avseenden som är svåra att mäta i ekonomiska termer men som är nödvändiga för att kvaliteten på vården skall betraktas som hög. Det kan således anses finnas en inbyggd konflikt mellan vissa kvalitetsaspekter och kostnaden för vården.</p><p>Denna uppsats har sin utgångspunkt i vårdverksamhetens ökade ekonomiska styrning, vilket är en följd av de rationaliseringar och omstruktureringar som sedan 1980-talet uppmärksammats inom den offentliga sektorn och som går under benämningen New Public Management. Syftet är att utifrån relevant teori genomföra intervjuer för att samla information om hur de förändringar som kommit att ta plats inom hälso- och sjukvården märks av och hur de bemöts av vårdpersonalen, samt konsekvenser av styrningens villkor och effekter.</p><p>Slutsatserna har landat i att det inte råder något tvivel om att New Public Management kommit att förändra organisation och styrning inom hälso- och sjukvården. Privata inslag, som målstyrning, uppföljning och utvärdering, lokalt verksamhetsansvar förenat med central kontroll, präglar numera verksamheten i syfte mot ökad effektivitet och produktivitet. Detta märks bland annat genom att verksamheten har utvecklats till att bli betydligt mer kostnadsmedveten. Det existerar en bred tillämpning av olika metoder och modeller för styrning av verksamheten, vilket lett till att det administrativa arbetet ökat - en utveckling som upplevs negativ inom verksamheten eftersom den strider mot vårdpersonalens intressen. Politikernas inflytande, vilket kommit att öka, betraktas främst som negativ, dels beroende på politikernas bristande kunskap inom ämnesområdet, dels på grund av att professionens auktoritet minskat.</p> / <p>Discussions on costs in health care activities can be regarded as a questionable substance. The balance between cost and quality is perhaps more complex in this area than in many others. Moral aspects, as well as dignity and discretion are examples of ways that are difficult to measure in monetary terms but which are necessary for quality of care should be regarded as high. It can therefore be considered to be a built-in conflict between certain aspects of quality and cost of care.</p><p>This paper has its starting point in care activities increased financial control, which is a result of the rationalization and restructuring since the 1980s, attention in the public sector and termed New Public Management. The aim is that based on relevant theory conduct interviews to gather information about the changes that have come to take place in health care organizations and how they are treated by health professionals, as well as the consequences of it.</p><p>The findings have landed in that there is no doubt that the New Public Management has changed the organization and management in health care. Private elements, as management by objectives, monitoring and evaluation, local business responsibilities associated with central control, now characterizes the activity in order to increase efficiency and productivity. This is shown inter alia by the business has evolved to be much more cost conscious. There is an extensive use of various methods and models for control of the operation, which have led to an increased degree of administrative work - a development that is perceived negatively in the activity since it is contrary to the interests of health professionals. The politicians’ influence, which reached to increase, mainly regarded as negative, partly due to politicians’ lack of knowledge in the subject, partly because of the profession's authority diminished.</p>

abstract: Social media sites focusing on health-related topics are rapidly gaining popularity among online health consumers, also known as "e-patients". The increasing adoption of social media by e-patients and their demand for reliable health information has prompted several health care organizations (HCOs) to establish their social media presence. HCOs are using social media to connect with current and potential e-patients, and improve patient education and overall quality of care. A significant benefit for HCOs in using social media could potentially be the improvement of their quality of care, as perceived by patients. Perceived quality of care is a key determinant of patients' experience and satisfaction with health care services, and has been a major focus of research. However, there is very little research on the relationship between patients' online social media experience and their perceived quality of care. The objective of this research was to evaluate e-patients' online experience with an HCO's social media sites and examine its impact on their perceived quality of care. Research methodology included a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data for this study was collected from Mayo Clinic's social media sites through an online survey. Descriptive statistics were used to identify basic demographic profiles of e-patients. Linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between online experience and perceived quality of care. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Results showed a positive relationship between online experience and perceived quality of care. Qualitative data provided information about e-patients' attitudes and expectations from healthcare social media. Overall, results yielded insights on design and management of social media sites for e-patients, and integration of these online applications in the health care delivery process. This study is of value to HCOs, health communicators and social media designers, and will also serve as a foundation for subsequent studies in the area of health care social media. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S.D. Design 2011

Problemformuleringen som ligger till grund för denna undersökning är att det förväntas bli brist på sjuksköterskor i hela landet och att tidigare undersökningar har visat att kommuner generellt anses vara mindre attraktiva arbetsgivare. Syftet med den här studien utgår från att undersöka vilka faktorer sjuksköterskor anser är attraktiva i ett kommunalt arbete. Vidare är syftet att jämföra synen på attraktivt arbete mellan sjuksköterskor och deras arbetsgivare för att se om bilden överensstämmer utifrån de båda perspektiven.   Tidigare forskning har visat att faktorer som är viktiga för en individ att lockas och stanna på en arbetsplats berör ett brett spektrum av faktorer. Viktiga faktorer berör bland annat arbetsmiljö, ledarskap, autonomi, uppskattning och möjlighet till utveckling. Studier som tidigare jämfört sjuksköterskornas och arbetsgivarens syn på attraktivt arbete har inte tagit hänsyn till arbetsmiljö som faktor och har mestadels genomförts i sjukhusmiljö. Den föreliggande studien har genomförts inom en kommunal verksamhet och utgått från individens uppfattning från deras egen livsvärld.  Studien grundar sig i ett fenomenologiskt förhållningssätt och använder en kvalitativ metod då datainsamling skett genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Undersökningen har genomförts på två urvalsgrupper: sjuksköterskor och representanter från arbetsgivaren.   Faktorer som visar sig viktiga för sjuksköterskor i kommunal verksamhet är bland annat arbetsklimat, kollegor och ersättning. Synen stämmer till stor del överens med arbetsgivarens men skillnader återfinns i hur yrket betraktas, ersättningens betydelse samt vilken möjlighet som finns för utveckling och inflytande. Det finns ett behov av uppskattning och en ökad förståelse för den vård som sjuksköterskor bedriver. För den kommunala sjukvården är det två faktorer att fokusera på för att attrahera och behålla sjuksköterskor. / The background that forms the basis of this study is an expected shortage of nurses nationwide and earlier research that implies that public sector organizations generally are perceived as less attractive organizations. This study intend to obtain knowledge about which factors nurses perceive as attractive in a public sector organization. The aim of this study is to compare nurses and their managers perceptions of which factors that are important to attract and retain nurses, and further if these perceptions differ from each other.   Previous research have shown that there is a wide range of factors that are important to attract and retain nurses. The important factors are for example work environment, leadership, autonomy, appreciation and opportunity for development. Studies that previously been comparing the perceptions of nurses and their employers have not considered work environment as a factor, and they have been carried out mainly in a hospital environment. The present study is made in a public sector and the starting point is how the individual comprehend its reality.   The study has a phenomenological approach and uses an qualitative method on basis that the data collection has been done through semi structured interviews. The research have focused on two groups of candidates: nurses and representatives of the employer.  Factors that have shown to be important for nurses in a public sector is for example work climate, colleagues and salary. The nurse perceptions does in most parts correspond with the employers perception. Contradictions is found in how the profession is valued, the significance of salary and also the opportunity for development and autonomy. There is a clear need for appraisal and understanding for the care that is given by the nurses from the leaders and politicians in the organization. For the public sector healthcare that is two factors that should be focused on to attract and retain nurses.

Bakgrund: Hög personalomsättning påverkar patientvården negativt, vilket gör det avgörande att behålla personalen inom vården. Social exchange theory och the unfolding model beskriver personalomsättning och faktorer som driver omsättningen, inklusive organisationellt engagemang. Generellt rapporterar organisationellt engagerade arbetstagare lägre nivåer på intentionen att lämna. Syfte: Att granska och sammanställa empirisk forskning om organisatoriskt engagemang och dess påverkan på personalomsättningen inom vården. Metod: En begränsad systematisk översikt utfördes, vilket resulterade i 44 inkluderade artiklar av 204 granskade vilka sammanställdes narrativt. Resultat: Organisationellt engagemang var negativt korrelerat med intentionen att lämna och positivt korrelerat med intentionen att stanna. Organisationellt engagemang medierade även delvis och helt för relationen mellan uppsatsens olika identifierade faktorer med påverkan på beteendeintentionerna att lämna och stanna. Affektivt engagemang korrelerade måttligt negativt med avsikt att lämna, medan normativt engagemang visar en svag positiv korrelation. Faktorer som påverkar organisationellt engagemang och omsättning är bland annat arbetsrelaterade aspekter, organisatoriska förutsättningar, professionella faktorer, kommunikation och möjlighet till feedback, samt personliga faktorer. Studier fokuserar främst på kvinnliga vårdpersonal, data om könsskillnader är för begränsad för att dra slutsatser. Slutsatser: Organisationellt engagemang korrelerar med båda beteendeintentionerna och medierar delvis eller helt de påverkande faktorerna i det vetenskapliga underlaget. Uppsatsen finner stöd för att det saknas en direkt korrelation mellan organisationellt engagemang och personalomsättning, förhållandet medieras av beteendeintentionerna att stanna eller lämna. Att stärka organisationellt engagemang, främja hälsa och tillgodose personalens behov är väsentligt för att utveckla säkrare, mer hållbara och attraktivare vårdorganisationer. För att förbättra personalomsättning bör insatser fokusera på utvecklingsarbete av arbetsmiljö och arbetsuppgifter, värderade förmåner och möjlighet till kompetensutveckling. / Background: High staff turnover negatively affects patient care, which makes it crucial to retain staff in care. In general, organizationally committed workers are less likely to quit. Social exchange theory and theories of employee turnover and organizational commitment explain factors that drive turnover. Purpose: To review and compile empirical research on organizational commitment and its impact on staff turnover in healthcare. Method: A limited systematic review was performed, which included 44 included articles out of 204 reviewed compiled narratively. Results: Organizational commitment is negatively correlated with intention to leave and positively correlated with intention to stay. Organizationally engages the media's relationship between identified factors and turnover. Affective commitment correlates moderately with intention to leave, while normative commitment shows a weak correlation. Factors that affect organizational commitment and turnover include work-related aspects, organizational conditions, professional factors, communication and the opportunity for feedback, as well as personal factors. Studies focus mainly on female healthcare workers, data on gender differences are too limited to draw conclusions. Conclusions: Organizational commitment has a weak direct correlation with behavioral intentions. It is crucial to staff retention, and basically reflects how well the organization meets employee needs, which can affect staff turnover. There is no direct relationship between commitment and turnover, but relationships are mediated by behavioral intentions. Improving turnover requires effective resource allocation in the form of development work, valued benefits and opportunities for training. Strengthening engagement, promoting health and meeting staff needs is essential to developing safer, more sustainable and more attractive healthcare organizations.

This thesis aims at investigating the importance of effective implementation of health safety and hygiene legislations and practices in Health Care delivery systems. A new System Based Approach for Strategic Implementation of Occupational Health & Safety Practices is proposed in this thesis. The underlying principle of the approach is based on involvement and inputs from staff and management rather than by pre-specified requirements and objectives. Furthermore, the development process is a closed loop process that provides a mechanism for continuously evaluating system performance and monitoring activities that have considerable impact on health and safety practices. A case study was conducted in the medical laboratories of five major hospitals in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Data were collected through questionnaires, staff interviews, and reviewing laboratory safety reports compiled over a three years period. The main conclusions from this study are: 1. The proposed approach has proven to be useful in analyzing existing health and safety systems. The methodology and tools proved to be instrumental in defining inefficiencies and determining the status of the Health & Safety policies & practices in the selected medical laboratories. 2. Effective implementation of the proposed approach has shown improvements in productivity, operational cost, service quality, staff and management satisfaction. 3. The case study has demonstrated that a developing country such the UAE, with no previously existing Health & Safety legislation and little risk prevention culture, can rapidly and effectively introduce effective industry specific H&S by adopting an integrated systems based approach. 4. UAE has highly advanced and economically developing base, there is a general willingness at senior level within the UAE to achieve high levels of competence and standards in all industrial sectors. 5. CAP is a system based management tool which has been implemented globally, but only limited in the gulf region; CAP has been implemented by the author and colleges within Zayed Military Hospital between 2003-2007.

O gerenciamento de recursos materiais na área hospitalar tem assumido destaque principalmente com os avanços tecnológicos ocorridos nas últimas décadas. A incorporação de tecnologia sofisticada pode ser percebida pelo aumento da complexidade das práticas assistenciais e dos desafios que os gestores de instituições públicas e privadas enfrentam diante do aumento da oferta de produtos, que visam maior segurança aos pacientes e equipe de profissionais que lhes assistem, e do consumo dos materiais médico-hospitalares, com consequente elevação dos custos na prestação de serviços. A Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) tem como atribuição a regulamentação e regulação dos produtos para a área da saúde como forma de promover a vigilância em saúde e subsidiar as instituições quanto ao controle dos produtos na fase de pós-comercialização. Compete à Gerência de Risco Hospitalar o controle dos produtos das áreas de Tecnovigilância, Hemovigilância e Farmacovigilância. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar o processo de notificação da queixa técnica de material de consumo de uso hospitalar no contexto do gerenciamento de recursos materiais em um hospital universitário público, no período de 2007 a 2009. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, documental com abordagem quantitativa. Compreende a análise de 409 Impressos de Notificação, enviados para a Seção de Parecer Técnico, utilizados na instituição para formalizar o relato da ocorrência de queixa técnica. Destes, 260 preenchem os critérios de inclusão, constituindo-se na população investigada. As notificações analisadas estão agrupadas de acordo com sua finalidade, formando-se três grupos: material médico-hospitalar, material para higiene pessoal e material para uso no processo de esterilização. A construção do fluxograma do encaminhamento do Impresso de Notificação para material padronizado evidencia que a sequência de trabalho possibilita a caracterização da ação dos profissionais e das instâncias de decisão. No conjunto dos anos em análise, o mês de junho apresenta o maior número de notificações (36). Em relação à queixa técnica evidenciam-se os maiores índices no grupo de material médico-hospitalar. Os produtos identificados com maior frequência de notificação são representados pela luva cirúrgica, dispositivo de acesso venoso, equipo, seringa, papel toalha interfolha, fralda e embalagem para processo de esterilização. De acordo com a categoria de queixa técnica (embalagem, estrutura e aspecto alterado) destaca-se a presença das questões de estrutura nos três grupos de material. A participação da equipe de enfermagem é marcante, em especial a do profissional enfermeiro, totalizando 211 notificações; destas 69 enviadas pela Divisão de Centro Cirúrgico e 51 pela Divisão Materno Infantil. Em relação ao turno de trabalho, predomina o período diurno. Um dos objetivos do monitoramento das notificações de queixas técnicas é subsidiar informações para o sistema de Notificações em Vigilância Sanitária (NOTIVISA); sendo assim, foi possível a contribuição desta instituição com 20 notificações pertinentes à área de Tecnovigilância. Conclui-se que o Impresso de Notificação é uma ferramenta importante no gerenciamento de recursos materiais na área hospitalar. Através desse feedback é possível realizar o monitoramento da qualidade dos produtos na pós-comercialização, preservando a segurança para o paciente e equipe de saúde. / The management of material resources in the nosocomial field has gained prominence mainly due to the technological advances that have occurred in recent decades. The incorporation of sophisticated technology can be perceived by the increase in the complexity of care practices and the challenges that the managers of public and private institutions face due to both the increase in the supply of products that aim at greater safety for the patients and the team of professionals who assist them, and the consumption of medical-nosocomial material, with a consequent increase in costs in the provision of services. The National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) is in charge of the rules and regulation of products for the health care area to promote health surveillance and assist the institutions as to the control of the products in the after sales phase. The Hospital Risk Management is in charge of the control of products in the areas of Tecnovigilância, Haemovigilance and Pharmacovigilance. This research aims to analyze the notification process of technical complaints about consumption material for hospital use in the context of material resources management in a public university hospital, in the period from 2007 to 2009. This is a documentary retrospective descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The analysis comprises 409 Notification Forms sent to the Section on Technical Advice, used by the institution to formalize the report of technical complaint occurrences. Of these, 260 met the inclusion criteria, thus composing the investigated population. The notifications under analyzes have been categorized according to their purpose, forming three groups: medical and nosocomial material, material for personal hygiene and material for use in the sterilization process. The construction of a flow chart of Notification Forms Reference for standardized material shows that the work sequence enables the characterization of the actions of professionals and decision-makers. In all the years under review, the month of June presents the greatest number of notifications (36). In relation to the technical complaints this research reveals that the group of medical nosocomial products received the highest indices. The products identified with increased notification rates are surgical gloves, devices for venous access, hoses, syringes, interfolha paper towels, diapers and packaging for the sterilization process. According to the category of technical complaints (packaging, structure and altered appearance), structure stands out in all three groups. The participation of the nursing team is notable, especially the professional nurses, totaling 211 notifications, 69 of which sent by the Surgical Center Division and 51 by the Infant Maternal Division. In relation to work shift, the day shift prevails. One of the objectives of monitoring technical complaints notifications is to feed the Sanitary Surveillance Notification System (NOTIVISA) with information. Thus this institution contributed with 20 pertinent notifications to the area of Tecnovigilância. It is concluded that the Notification Form is an important tool in material resources management in the nosocomial area. Through this feedback it is possible to carry out the monitoring of the quality of the products after sale while preserving the safety for the patient and the health care team.

Over the past 25 years, health care organization scholars have observed the dramatic emergence of hospital-based clusters in local markets throughout the U.S. These important organizational forms require same-system ownership of multiple general, acute care hospitals operating within a single local market, and as such they include multi-hospital systems that are entirely contained in a single urban market as well as clustered extensions or subsystems of larger regional and national systems. However, despite their noted growth as powerful forces in local markets, relatively few studies have examined these clusters, and as a result there remains a significant gap in our knowledge regarding their continued growth or the diverse components and configurations they may exhibit. This study endeavors to both describe and explain the diversity observed across hospital-based clusters. To fulfill this objective, a national inventory of clusters is updated to reflect cluster membership as of 2012, and a catalog of cluster components – including their hospital-based and non-hospital-based sites – is created, acknowledging that clusters today consist of more than just general, acute care hospitals. Cluster analysis methods are then employed to develop a taxonomy of cluster forms, using a sample of 114 clusters from local markets in Florida, Maryland, Nevada, Texas, Virginia, and Washington. Applying a conceptual framework informed by concepts from contingency theory and strategic management theory, cluster analysis methods yield a five-group solution, which is then externally validated using a multi-theoretical perspective synthesizing arguments from population ecology, institutional theory, industrial organization economics, transaction cost economics, and resource dependence theory. Results from descriptive and multinomial logistic regression analyses identify organizational and environmental factors that are significantly associated with various cluster forms. The study’s results suggest that today’s hospital-based clusters continue to grow and vary according to the dimensions of differentiation-configuration and integration-coordination. These findings provide a foundation for future examinations of hospital-based clusters, including their provision of services within and outside of hospital walls. These results also accentuate the importance of accounting for geographic considerations when examining health care organization forms, and they display the utility and value of employing a multi-theoretical perspective to examine and explain such complex forms.

O gerenciamento de recursos materiais na área hospitalar tem assumido destaque principalmente com os avanços tecnológicos ocorridos nas últimas décadas. A incorporação de tecnologia sofisticada pode ser percebida pelo aumento da complexidade das práticas assistenciais e dos desafios que os gestores de instituições públicas e privadas enfrentam diante do aumento da oferta de produtos, que visam maior segurança aos pacientes e equipe de profissionais que lhes assistem, e do consumo dos materiais médico-hospitalares, com consequente elevação dos custos na prestação de serviços. A Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA) tem como atribuição a regulamentação e regulação dos produtos para a área da saúde como forma de promover a vigilância em saúde e subsidiar as instituições quanto ao controle dos produtos na fase de pós-comercialização. Compete à Gerência de Risco Hospitalar o controle dos produtos das áreas de Tecnovigilância, Hemovigilância e Farmacovigilância. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar o processo de notificação da queixa técnica de material de consumo de uso hospitalar no contexto do gerenciamento de recursos materiais em um hospital universitário público, no período de 2007 a 2009. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, documental com abordagem quantitativa. Compreende a análise de 409 Impressos de Notificação, enviados para a Seção de Parecer Técnico, utilizados na instituição para formalizar o relato da ocorrência de queixa técnica. Destes, 260 preenchem os critérios de inclusão, constituindo-se na população investigada. As notificações analisadas estão agrupadas de acordo com sua finalidade, formando-se três grupos: material médico-hospitalar, material para higiene pessoal e material para uso no processo de esterilização. A construção do fluxograma do encaminhamento do Impresso de Notificação para material padronizado evidencia que a sequência de trabalho possibilita a caracterização da ação dos profissionais e das instâncias de decisão. No conjunto dos anos em análise, o mês de junho apresenta o maior número de notificações (36). Em relação à queixa técnica evidenciam-se os maiores índices no grupo de material médico-hospitalar. Os produtos identificados com maior frequência de notificação são representados pela luva cirúrgica, dispositivo de acesso venoso, equipo, seringa, papel toalha interfolha, fralda e embalagem para processo de esterilização. De acordo com a categoria de queixa técnica (embalagem, estrutura e aspecto alterado) destaca-se a presença das questões de estrutura nos três grupos de material. A participação da equipe de enfermagem é marcante, em especial a do profissional enfermeiro, totalizando 211 notificações; destas 69 enviadas pela Divisão de Centro Cirúrgico e 51 pela Divisão Materno Infantil. Em relação ao turno de trabalho, predomina o período diurno. Um dos objetivos do monitoramento das notificações de queixas técnicas é subsidiar informações para o sistema de Notificações em Vigilância Sanitária (NOTIVISA); sendo assim, foi possível a contribuição desta instituição com 20 notificações pertinentes à área de Tecnovigilância. Conclui-se que o Impresso de Notificação é uma ferramenta importante no gerenciamento de recursos materiais na área hospitalar. Através desse feedback é possível realizar o monitoramento da qualidade dos produtos na pós-comercialização, preservando a segurança para o paciente e equipe de saúde. / The management of material resources in the nosocomial field has gained prominence mainly due to the technological advances that have occurred in recent decades. The incorporation of sophisticated technology can be perceived by the increase in the complexity of care practices and the challenges that the managers of public and private institutions face due to both the increase in the supply of products that aim at greater safety for the patients and the team of professionals who assist them, and the consumption of medical-nosocomial material, with a consequent increase in costs in the provision of services. The National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) is in charge of the rules and regulation of products for the health care area to promote health surveillance and assist the institutions as to the control of the products in the after sales phase. The Hospital Risk Management is in charge of the control of products in the areas of Tecnovigilância, Haemovigilance and Pharmacovigilance. This research aims to analyze the notification process of technical complaints about consumption material for hospital use in the context of material resources management in a public university hospital, in the period from 2007 to 2009. This is a documentary retrospective descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The analysis comprises 409 Notification Forms sent to the Section on Technical Advice, used by the institution to formalize the report of technical complaint occurrences. Of these, 260 met the inclusion criteria, thus composing the investigated population. The notifications under analyzes have been categorized according to their purpose, forming three groups: medical and nosocomial material, material for personal hygiene and material for use in the sterilization process. The construction of a flow chart of Notification Forms Reference for standardized material shows that the work sequence enables the characterization of the actions of professionals and decision-makers. In all the years under review, the month of June presents the greatest number of notifications (36). In relation to the technical complaints this research reveals that the group of medical nosocomial products received the highest indices. The products identified with increased notification rates are surgical gloves, devices for venous access, hoses, syringes, interfolha paper towels, diapers and packaging for the sterilization process. According to the category of technical complaints (packaging, structure and altered appearance), structure stands out in all three groups. The participation of the nursing team is notable, especially the professional nurses, totaling 211 notifications, 69 of which sent by the Surgical Center Division and 51 by the Infant Maternal Division. In relation to work shift, the day shift prevails. One of the objectives of monitoring technical complaints notifications is to feed the Sanitary Surveillance Notification System (NOTIVISA) with information. Thus this institution contributed with 20 pertinent notifications to the area of Tecnovigilância. It is concluded that the Notification Form is an important tool in material resources management in the nosocomial area. Through this feedback it is possible to carry out the monitoring of the quality of the products after sale while preserving the safety for the patient and the health care team.

This thesis aims at investigating the importance of effective implementation of health safety and hygiene legislations and practices in Health Care delivery systems. A new System Based Approach for Strategic Implementation of Occupational Health & Safety Practices is proposed in this thesis. The underlying principle of the approach is based on involvement and inputs from staff and management rather than by pre-specified requirements and objectives. Furthermore, the development process is a closed loop process that provides a mechanism for continuously evaluating system performance and monitoring activities that have considerable impact on health and safety practices. A case study was conducted in the medical laboratories of five major hospitals in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. Data were collected through questionnaires, staff interviews, and reviewing laboratory safety reports compiled over a three years period. The main conclusions from this study are: 1. The proposed approach has proven to be useful in analyzing existing health and safety systems. The methodology and tools proved to be instrumental in defining inefficiencies and determining the status of the Health & Safety policies & practices in the selected medical laboratories. 2. Effective implementation of the proposed approach has shown improvements in productivity, operational cost, service quality, staff and management satisfaction. 3. The case study has demonstrated that a developing country such the UAE, with no previously existing Health & Safety legislation and little risk prevention culture, can rapidly and effectively introduce effective industry specific H&S by adopting an integrated systems based approach. 4. UAE has highly advanced and economically developing base, there is a general willingness at senior level within the UAE to achieve high levels of competence and standards in all industrial sectors. 5. CAP is a system based management tool which has been implemented globally, but only limited in the gulf region; CAP has been implemented by the author and colleges within Zayed Military Hospital between 2003-2007.