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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
211

A Novel Role for CEACAM1 in Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation in the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

Ghosh, Sumona 30 May 2012 (has links)
No description available.
212

Electrochemical Characterization of ex vivo Human Hepatic Tissues Containing Colorectal Metastases and Quantification of Spatial Error in Electrical Impedance Mapping of Soft Tissues

Karnes, Michael 08 June 2016 (has links)
No description available.
213

Role of bioactive compounds in the regulation of insulin sensitivity

Purushotham, Aparna 08 March 2007 (has links)
No description available.
214

The role of arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid in the alteration of hepatic fuel utilization throughout the perinatal period of the pig

Campbell, Jenny A. 18 February 2009 (has links)
No description available.
215

β - Carotene 15,15-Oxygense 1 (BCO1) Distribution In Parenchymal And Non-Parenchymal Cells In Rat Liver

Raghuvanshi, Shiva January 2010 (has links)
No description available.
216

Evaluating the use of Cryopreserved Hepatocytes for the Prediction of In Vivo Hepatic Clearance

Eng, Heather S. 25 August 2004 (has links)
No description available.
217

Hepatic Arterial Infusion with Oxaliplatin and 5-FU/Folinic Acid for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: A Phase II Study.

Sinn, M., Nicolaou, Anna, Gebauer, B., Podrabsky, P., Seehofer, D., Ricke, J., Dörken, B., Riess, H., Hildebrandt, B. 08 1900 (has links)
No / Background Effective and tolerable chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin for advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) has been established recently. However, overall prognosis is still poor, and additional therapeutic approaches are needed for patients with locally advanced, irresectable and/or pretreated tumors. Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of chemotherapy represents a safe and well-established treatment modality, but data on its use in patients with BTC are still sparse. Methods Patients with irresectable BTC predominant to the liver were included in a prospective, open phase II study investigating HAI provided through interventionally implanted port catheters. Intraarterial chemotherapy consisted of biweekly oxaliplatin (O) 85 mg/m2 and folinic acid (F) 170 mg/m2 with 5-FU (F) 600 mg/m2. Results Between 2004 and 2010, 37 patients were enrolled. A total of 432 cycles of HAI were applied with a median of 9 (range 1–46) cycles. Objective response rate was 16 %, and tumor control was achieved in 24 of 37 (65 %) patients. Median progression-free survival was 6.5 months (range 0.5–26.0; 95 % CI 4.3–8.7), median overall survival was 13.5 (range 0.9–50.7; 95 % CI 11.1–15.9) months. The most frequent adverse event was sensory neuropathy grade 1/2 in 10/14 patients. Conclusions Using a minimal invasive technique, repetitive HAI with OFF is feasible and results in clinically relevant tumor control with low toxicity in patients with liver predominant advanced BTC.
218

Le rôle de la dysrégulation du métabolisme du cholestérol par le retrait des estrogènes sur la stéatose hépatique

Côté, Isabelle 12 1900 (has links)
Les estrogènes confèrent aux femmes une protection cardiovasculaire jusqu’à la ménopause. En effet, la perte des fonctions ovariennes engendre plusieurs désordres du profil lipidique qui s’accompagnent d’une accumulation de triglycérides au foie appelée stéatose hépatique. Le retrait des estrogènes perturbe de nombreuses voies de contrôle de la cholestérolémie, provoquant simultanément une hypercholestérolémie et une stéatose hépatiques. Toutefois, à ce jour, les mécanismes d’action du retrait des estrogènes sur le métabolisme du cholestérol favorisant le stockage de triglycérides au foie demeurent imprécis. À cet égard, les travaux de cette thèse visaient à clarifier l’ensemble des effets du retrait des estrogènes sur le métabolisme du cholestérol pouvant mener à la pathogenèse de la stéatose hépatique. Lors de la première étude, l’ovariectomie (Ovx) chez la rate, un modèle bien établi de la stéatose, avait permis d’identifier la voie d’assemblage des lipoprotéines à très faible densité (VLDL) comme élément contributif à la stéatose. La voie des VLDL reliant étant également une voie de transport du cholestérol, l’étude suivante a été réalisée afin de comprendre le rôle du cholestérol alimentaire sur les lipides hépatiques. Dans cette deuxième étude, le modèle de la diète riche en lipides et en cholestérol (HFHC), aussi reconnu pour induire une stéatose hépatique, a permis d’établir des liens étroits entre le métabolisme du cholestérol et celui des lipides hépatiques. Étonnamment, de manière similaire à l’Ovx, la diète HFHC perturbait la voie d’assemblage des VLDL. En outre, les données recueillies au cours de ces travaux indiquaient qu’une dysrégulation du métabolisme des acides biliaires avait contribué à la sévérité de la stéatose hépatique induite par cette diète HFHC. Dans la continuité de ces deux premiers projets, nous nous sommes intéressés aux effets concomitants du retrait des estrogènes et d’une diète HFHC sur la stéatose hépatique. De manière intéressante, lorsque combinés, l’Ovx et la diète HFHC potentialisaient non seulement l’accumulation de lipides hépatiques, mais également les perturbations moléculaires des voies sous-jacentes à la stéatose, dont l’assemblage des VLDL et de la sécrétion d’acides biliaires. Dans l’ensemble, les données présentées dans la revue de littérature et dans les trois études reliées à cette thèse indiquent qu’une dysrégulation du métabolisme du cholestérol en réponse au retrait des estrogènes entraîne des complications favorisant l’accumulation de lipides dans le foie. / Estrogens confer to women a cardiovascular protection until menopause. Indeed, the loss of ovarian functions leads to several lipid disorders along with hepatic triglycerides accumulation called hepatic steatosis. Estrogen withdrawal disrupts several cholesterol metabolism pathways that results in both hypercholesterolemia and hepatic steatosis. However, to date, the precise mechanisms by which estrogen withdrawal affect cholesterol metabolism pathways that favour lipid storage in the liver are unclear. In this regard, works in the present thesis aimed at elucidate the effects of estrogen withdrawal on cholesterol metabolism involved in hepatic steatosis pathogenesis. In the first study, estrogen withdrawal by ovariectomy (Ovx), a well established model for hepatic steatosis and hypercholesterolemia, had enabled the identification of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) pathway as a contributory element for hepatic steatosis. Since the VLDL pathway relates lipids and cholesterol metabolism, we conducted the second study to explore the role of dietary cholesterol on hepatic lipids. In the second study, the high fat/high cholesterol (HFHC) diet, also recognized as a model for hepatic steatosis development, was used to explore links between cholesterol metabolism and hepatic fat accumulation. Surprisingly, HFHC diet also disrupted the VLDL pathway. Additionally, data provided in this study indicated that a dysregulation of bile acids metabolism might have contributed to the severity of hepatic steatosis induced by the HFHC diet. As a continuation of these projects, we were interested in the concomitant effects of estrogen withdrawal and HFHC diet on hepatic lipid accretion. Interestingly, when combined, Ovx and HFHC diet not only potentiated hepatic lipid accumulation but also molecular disruptions involved in underlying pathways for hepatic steatosis including the VLDL pathway and bile acid secretion. Overall, data presented in the review of litterature and provided by the three studies related to the present thesis indicate that cholesterol metabolism dysregulation following estrogen withdrawal result in complications that favour hepatic lipid accumulation.
219

Implication of mitochondria endoplasmic-reticulum interactions in the control of hepatic metabolism / Implication des interactions mitochondrie-réticulum endoplasmique dans le contrôle du métabolisme hépatique

Theurey, Pierre 16 July 2015 (has links)
Le foie est un organe indispensable dans le contrôle de l'homéostasie énergétique du corps humain. En particulier, le métabolisme hépatique est crucial pour l'homéostasie glucidique et lipidique. Les voies cataboliques et anaboliques sont en équilibre constant et régulées de façon synergique en fonction de la disponibilité en nutriments et de la demande en énergie. La perturbation de cet équilibre, notamment en cas d'obésité, peut conduire à l'accumulation intra-hépatique de lipides, qui est une des causes principales de la survenue de l'insulino-résistance hépatique (IRH), conduisant à l'hyperglycémie chronique et au diabète de type 2 (DT2). La cellule eucaryote est une structure hautement compartimentée, et à ce titre la compartimentalisation des processus cataboliques et anaboliques est une part intégrante de la gestion des voies métaboliques. Dans cet ensemble, la mitochondrie est un organite clef, qui abrite l'oxydation des lipides, le cycle de l'acide citrique (CAC) et la respiration cellulaire. De cette manière, la fonction mitochondriale est un élément crucial dans le maintien de l'état énergétique et d'oxydation-réduction de la cellule dans une gamme physiologique, ainsi que dans la régulation de l'activité du métabolisme du glucose et des lipides pour l'homéostasie du corps entier. La fonction mitochondriale est directement régulée par son interaction avec le réticulum endoplasmique (RE) via des zones de proximité entre les organites appelées Mitochondria-Associated-Endoplasmic-Reticulum-Membranes ou MAM. Dans ce contexte, j'ai participé au cours de mon travail de thèse à une étude qui a montré l'importance des interactions mitochondrie-RE dans la signalisation de l'insuline et mise en lumière la perturbation des MAM comme acteur principal dans l'IRH. De plus, j'ai étudié la régulation des MAM dans le contexte physiologique de la transition nutritionnelle dans le foie sain et insulino-résistant (IR) / The liver is an essential organ in the control of energetic homeostasis of the human body. Particularly, hepatic metabolism is crucial for glucose and lipid homeostasis. Catabolism and anabolism of both substrates are in constant equilibrium and synergically regulated in regard of nutrient availability and energetic demand. Disruption of this equilibrium, especially in the case of obesity, can lead to hepatic accumulation of lipids, which is a major cause of hepatic insulin resistance (HIR) leading to chronic hyperglycaemia and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The eukaryotic cell is a highly compartmented structure, and in this respect compartmentation of anabolic and catabolic processes is an integral part of managing metabolic pathways together. In this context, the mitochondrion is a key organelle, housing oxidation of lipids, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and cellular respiration. In this way, mitochondrial function is a crucial element in maintaining energetic and reductionoxidation state of the cell within physiological ranges, as well in regulating the proper activity of glucose and lipid metabolism for the all body homeostasis. Mitochondrial function is directly regulated by its interaction with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via proximity points between the organelles called Mitochondria-Associated-ER-Membranes (MAM). In this context I have participated during my Ph.D. in a work that has shown the importance of mitochondria-ER interactions in insulin signalling and highlighted MAM disruption as a main actor in HIR. Furthermore, I have studied the regulation of MAM in the physiological context of nutritional transition in the healthy and insulin resistant (IR) liver. Particularly, we have shown that MAM disruption induces impaired insulin signalling, while their reinforcement protects against its appearance and restore insulin sensitivity in lipid-induced IR condition. Moreover, we have pointed out a consistent decrease of MAM quantity in the IR liver of ob/ob, high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) and Cyclophilin D - knock-out (CypD-KO) mice
220

Monitoring of Splanchnic Regional Perfusion : An Experimental Study of New Application and Validation

Koga, Itaru January 2003 (has links)
<p>Systemic infection, major surgery, trauma and many other causes can lead to impaired organ function. Compensated shock is not detected by global hemodynamic and oxygen measurements, as they take no account for regional variations. Focus has therefore gradually turned from looking at systemic changes to selective investigations of regional blood flow and ischemia. This thesis presents a series of experiments evaluating new application and validation of various monitoring techniques.</p><p>An experimental porcine model with anesthetized and invasively monitored animals was used. The circulatory interventions included endotoxin infusion (septic shock), aortic constriction and selective clamping of splanchnic arteries. The aim was to compare air with saline tonometry, to validate the intraperitoneal use of tonometry and to reexamine the use of endoluminal reflectance pulse oxymetry. To investigate the relative contributions of regional blood flow and detection of ischemia, measurements of hepatic venous oxygen saturation (ShvO<sub>2</sub>), lactate concentrations and PCO<sub>2</sub> gap were used.</p><p>Our findings support the use of air instead of saline as the preferred technique for tonometric measurements. With the intraperitoneal application of tonometry we gain more information on regional aspects of the splanchnic circulation, and it appears to be a reliable monitoring option for early detection of ischemia in the small intestine. Measurements of ShvO<sub>2 </sub>will give an overall reflection of the intestinal circulation. The sigmoid colonic pulse oximetry showed a non-linear response in relation to regional blood flow, and will therefore not be able to detect gradual changes in oxygen saturation. Determination of the regional to endtidal PCO<sub>2</sub> gap might prove valuable for monitoring of the intestinal circulation.</p><p>Because of sophisticated interactions between portal and hepatic arterial blood flow and hepatic compensation for regional ischemia, a combination of monitoring techniques might be needed. The results of this study will hopefully encourage clinical evaluation of intraperitoneal tonometry and endtidal PCO<sub>2</sub> gap recordings for non-invasive, semi-continuous, trend monitoring of the splanchnic circulation.</p>

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