This work is a proposal for a new way of garment construction in the field of transformable outdoor gear. Inspired by the need of adapting towards changing weather conditions, the project aims to develop alternative transforming mechanisms for multifunctional hiking garments based on biomechanical studies as well as body mappings in order to replace the commonly used layering-system of clothes and therefore increase the value of single outdoor garments. The project supports the idea that user interaction and multifunctionality lead towards appreciation and an extended lifespan of single garments. The result is a series of 5 garments that each suggest new transforming features in relation to various functions.

Includes bibliography. / This research report sets out to determine the trail facility preferences (social carrying capacity) for National Hikingway trails in the south-western Cape. It was found that social carrying capacity is a complex concept, based on perceptive experiences and relative social values. It is not so much the level of use that determines SCC, but a user's perceptions of types and levels of use that are apparent in a recreation area. The major line of investigation was a cross-sectional attitude study to ascertain trail facility preferences of mountaineers in the study area: the first step was to the establish the social milieu of mountaineering in order to place the research in an ethical and historical context; next, the literature on outdoor recreation was reviewed and the major trends in research identified in an attempt to place the research in a methodological paradigm; thirdly, the overview and principles established in steps 1 and 2 of the report were used to develop an attitude survey on NHW trail facility preferences. While a range of preferences was found to exist, it was found to be more supportive of the status quo than expected. An anticipated gradation of preferences according to one's level of hiking experience was not statistically supported by sub-group analysis. The survey results emphasise the importance of evaluating conceptual perspectives with empirical analyses. Social and ecological interests are best served by providing a range of trail types characterised by various trail facilities, to cater for high and low carrying capacity preferences. Trail management should consider traditional recreational uses in an area, current land uses and the future needs of mountaineers in the region.

Opened in 2008, the Lebanon Mountain Trail (LMT) links Lebanon’s North to its South through 470 km of paths and a network of Muslim, Druze, and Christian homestays. Although similar heritage trails exist elsewhere the world, the LMT runs through a landscape fractured by sectarian division and scarred by war. Drawing on fifteen months of ethnographic fieldwork conducted between 2017 and 2019 that included walking alongside Lebanese and international hikers over the trail’s 1,100+ km length, this dissertation explores how the practice of long-distance hiking creates and mediates feelings of national and cultural belonging– feelings of territorial, social and national attachment – under fraught circumstances. This research found that Lebanese hikers developed a new and heightened sense of belonging to Lebanon as nation and to regions of the country where they had previously felt unwelcome. These attachments were produced by bonding experiences along the trail that created a shared ritual frame in which hikers perceived Lebanon as if it were unified and acted as if sectarian differences were not a divisive category. By walking the trail together, hikers constructed and inhabited their own fleeting dreams of Lebanon as they would have wished it to be. They imbued this as if Lebanon with a variety of different personalized meanings, ones that enabled hikers to resolve ambiguities in their own lives. For most participants, these attachments were time delimited and could only be sustained by returning to the dream worlds they enacted on the trail through repeated trekking. For others the experience was so profound that they incorporated elements of the experience into their everyday live. While this research adds to the existing literature on the study of trekking and trails as engines for cultivating belonging, it breaks new ground by examining how this occurs in landscapes where evidence of past wars is ever present and sectarian divisions still unresolved. The ability of the LMT to produce such attachments for Lebanese hikers complicates our understanding of the relationship between walkers and the landscapes they encounter, giving the cultural landscape as much significance as the natural landscape.

The definition of technology may have changed quite a bit over the years, but people have been bringing technology to remote, natural locations since long before concepts like recreational hiking or national parks existed. Nowadays, "digital" is usually implied before the word technology, and discussion of technology and trails often revolves around smartphones and GPS systems. However, a wide variety of hiking gear has benefited from precise engineering and product design. Even with more digital products hitting the shelves, many hikers go out on the trail to get away from or limit their use of technology, however they may define that word. Before any technology for the trail can be designed, the diverse perspectives of hikers must be explored rather than taking them for granted. Polling hikers through digital means or even delivering prototypes for research through design seems disingenuous when part of the target audience has negative attitudes towards technology. For this reason, cultural probes stood out as a useful method for understanding hikers and inspiring future directions for Technology on the Trail. The heart of the matter is indeed a question of culture, so probes are a logical choice for teasing out a variety of viewpoints. The goal of this study is not to design new technology. Rather, the goal is to find a way to make technology and nature more harmonious in the context of hiking. This could end up requiring new designs, but it could also be a matter of shifting perspective instead. No device or gear will ever be for everyone, and that's natural. Technology on the Trail can still seek to support both users of technology and the bystanders who are affected by the technology use of others. / Master of Science

The objective of this diploma thesis is search processing of tourism, his problematics and protection of the nature. In the other part this thesis deal with analysis of hiking trail in Labske piskovce PLA in focus of potentional atractive with proposal of new hiking trails in this location. Analysis containe all hiking trails in this location according to colored tourism distinction of trails. Proposal of new hiking trails was formed with regard on protection of nature thus at the same time was surrounding area approached for visitors as much as possible. Proposal comprise new and turisty often attended attractiviness. This proposal can produce increase of attractiviness in this district and the influx of new turists.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Montana, 2004. / Typescript. Additional information available on author's web site. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 138-142).

The diploma paper, Evaluation of aplicability of Leading Quality Trails - Best of Europe criteria on a long-distance hiking trail in the Czech Republic, deals with the process of certification of long-distance hiking trails in accordance with the norm called Leading Quality Trails - Best of Europe. The norm is based on German norms for certificating long-distance hiking trails which brought remarkable success. So far, there are no such trails in the Czech Republic. The main purpose of this thesis is to provide answers to questions concerning the aplicability of European norms on Czech hiking trails. Specifically, it will focus on the aplication of the norms on the long-distance hiking trail Stezka podel Luznice and its evaluation.

Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att undersöka fenomenet turvandringar för äldre och medelålders kvinnor för att se på vilket sätt de konstruerar föreställningar om femininitet och ålder. Studien bygger på en diskursanalys av de två organisationerna Svenska Turistföreningen (STF) och Friluftsfrämjandets inbjudningar och texter kring turvandringar riktade till kvinnor och seniorer samt av friluftsbloggen Tanter på tur. Jag har i min analys funnit tre övergripande samhällsdiskurser kring prestation, kropp och hälsa vilka alla förhandlar om att definiera den turande tanten. Materialet har analyserats diskursivt med en feministisk och post-strukturalistisk grund utifrån teorier om kvinnans kroppsliga rörelsemönster vilket baseras på teorin att kvinnan är “det andra” och objekt i relation till det manliga subjektet. Undersökingen har gjorts utifrån teorier om den äldre kroppen där dualismen mellan det upplevda jaget och den synliga åldrande utsidan av kroppen har varit centrala.               Som undersökningen har visat förhåller sig tantvandringars konstitutiva utsida, alltså organiserade vandringar och äventyr så som de Friluftsfrämjandet och STF arrangerar, till den medelålders och äldre turande kvinnan som att hon har en ofullständig fysik, låga idrottsliga ambitioner samt att hon tränar för ett hälso- och skönhetssyfte. Konsekvensen av dessa diskurser kring prestation, hälsa och kropp blir tydlig via bloggen Tanter på tur där de turvandrande och bloggande äldre kvinnorna internaliserar den konstitutiva utsidans ålderism och nedvärderande blick vilket i sin tur påverkar hur de beskriver sina egna kroppar och handlingsutrymme.

Keliavimo ir judėjimo fenomenas yra svarbus kiekvienam žmogui. Net fiziškai nejudėdamas, jis keliauja mintimis, virtualiai. Žmogus gali pasirinkti kelionės ir keliautojo tipą - nuo paprasto atostogautojo vasaros metu, kelionių agentūros suorganizuotoje poilsinėje kelionėje iki bastūniškų kelionių nežinant galutinio tikslo. Kalbant apie keliavimą autostopu daugeliui kyla viena mintis - keliavimas nemokant už kelionę. Šiame bakalauro darbe analizuojamas ir atskleidžiamas keliautojas autostopu, kurio kelionės yra unikalios, išlaisvinančios ir nepasikartojančios. Darbe atsleidžiami keliautojų tipai sociologiniu ir semantiniu požiūriu. Keliautojas/kelionė gretinama su kultūra/menu. Meno kūrinys dažnai pats tampa kelionės objektu ir keliauja sukurdamas tarpkultūrinį dialogą. Internetui „įsibrovus” į mūsų gyvenimus ir kasdienybę, keliautojas persikelia į virtualią erdvę tampdamas tinklo bastūnu, o tuo tarpu vis daugiau kūrėjų pradeda kurti Interneto meną (Net.art ). Dėl interaktyvumo keliautojas autostopu išlieka nenuspėjamas ir virtualioje aplinkoje. Kūrybinio projekto pagrindinis personažas taip pat keliautojas autostopu. Jis perkeliamas į interaktyvią Korsakow programą ir gautas video projektas į internetą. Kūrinyje daug dienoraštiškumo. Jame gausu rašytinio, video, fotografijų dienoraščio formų. Interaktyviai valdant sukurtas nuorodas žiūrovas pats pradeda keliauti žiūrėdamas keliautojo trumpus nuotykių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The phenomenon of travel and movement is important to everyone. Even physically motionless, human can travel through ideas, virtually. Humans can choose the type of travel and travelers – from a simple summer holidays, travel agencies’ organized till a tripf the vagabond traveling without knowing the final goal. Speaking about travel by hitch-hiking for many there is one idea – traveling without paying for the trip. This bachelor thesis analyzes and reveals hitch- hiker whos’ travels are unique, liberating and recurrent. The paper reveals types of travelers in sociological and semantic point of view. Traveler/ travel is compared with culture/ arts. Work of art itself often becomes the object of the journey and travels creating intercultural dialogue. Because of internet “breaking” into our everyday lives, traveler moves into virtual space becoming net vagabond, while more and more creators begin to create Net.art. The hitch-hiker stays unpredictable in virtual environments through interactivity. The main character in creative project is the hitch-hiker. He is moved to the interactive Korsakow project program and video project on the Internet. The work has a lot of features of diary. It contains lot of written, video, photographs diary forms. The viewer managing an interactive links starts to travel watching a short moments of traveler adventures.

Rooted in a critical dialogue that endeavours to theorize experience in contrast to the colonial impetus, this dissertation explores the lived experience of Appalachian Trail thru-hikers. As a result of this disposition, the purpose of this dissertation is to expose the dynamics associated with colonized experiences and empirically research the lived experience of thru-hikers from an ecophenomenological perspective. The subsequent approach views the activities of the lived human body as the process through which the world comes into being. Building on Merleau-Pontian phenomenology, ecophenomenology provides the foundation of the experiential self, and thus underlies the representation of the trail environment as a sensuous field of human activity where one is merged with one's socio-ecological surroundings. Explication of empirical materials from 27 participant interviews resulted in a wide range of thru-hiking experiences representing the operative essence of Appalachian Trail thru-hiking. The operative essence was identified across 4 broad dimensions: Perseity, Sojourning, Kinship, and Wild Imbrication. Each dimension comprised a dialectic which emerged from interview excerpts both congruent with and in contrast to wilderness ideology. Further exploration of wilderness ideals resulted in thru-hikers negotiating tensions related to ideological wilderness meanings and their own actual thru-hiking experiences. This negotiation allowed a broader conception of wilderness to be illustrated as a continuum of meaningful experiences. In addition, ecoliteracy emerged as an experientially driven learning process whereby thru-hikers negotiate alternative meanings of wilderness with ideological meanings. The implications for experiential and wilderness related research along with management concerns are discussed.