O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a constituição de princípios éticos na escrita da história no Brasil do século XIX a partir do exame de parte da obra do mais importante historiador brasileiro daquele período: Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen (1816-1878). Após formação e atuação militar, Varnhagen ingressou na carreira diplomática. Este transcurso como funcionário da burocracia imperial permitiu-lhe o acesso aos arquivos europeus e a possibilidade de produzir importantes obras de síntese sobre a história política e literária brasileira, além de diversos outros estudos, cujo resultado mais conhecido foi a História geral do Brazil (1854-1857). Esta investigação circunscreve suas atividades, sobretudo, entre meados da década de 1830 e meados de 1850, período imediatamente anterior à publicação de seus grandes projetos. Interesses pessoais motivaram sua inserção em diversos espaços letrados, com destaque para a filiação à Academia das Ciências de Lisboa e ao Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro (IHGB). Além disso, tal época foi marcada por suas colaborações de caráter tanto históricos quanto ficcionais em periódicos literários portugueses, tais como O Panorama e Revista Universal Lisbonense. A exposição a seguir está dividida em duas partes principais. Na primeira, a operação historiográfica conduzida no IHGB, sediado no Rio de Janeiro, é retomada mediante uma leitura focada na presença e nas apropriações de autores antigos nos textos dos sócios que compunham a primeira geração da referida associação, seguida do exame de duas polêmicas eruditas protagonizadas por Varnhagen. A reconstituição dessas querelas permite o aprofundamento da análise das definições referentes à escrita da história, suas formas e funções, e às competências e compromissos do historiador naquele momento. Na segunda etapa, o foco recai sobre textos esparsos e pouco estudados de Varnhagen, avulsos ou impressos em jornais para divulgação e instrução pública em Portugal. A estratégia utilizada para abordagem e sistematização desse material consistiu na leitura de parte da obra do jornalista, escritor e historiador português Alexandre Herculano (1810-1877). Contemporâneo de Varnhagen, ambos dividiram espaços na vida letrada da Lisboa oitocentista. A indiscutível importância da atuação de Herculano na imprensa e na pesquisa histórica da época autoriza a ampliação da análise no que diz respeito às ligações entre história e ficção e, mais especificamente, ao novo estatuto do conhecimento produzido por meio do estudo do passado e das responsabilidades do historiador após os movimentos liberais que alteraram a política em Portugal. De maneira geral, a tese preocupa-se em argumentar que, a despeito das imprecisões disciplinares do ofício historiográfico ao longo do século XIX, do papel social assumido pela história, das experiências letradas advindas da assunção política desse saber e das temporalidades justapostas naquele contexto, se pode verificar a consecução de uma ética historiográfica, culturalmente construída e delimitada no tempo. / This work aims to analyze the constitution of ethical principles in Brazil’s History writing during the 19th century, stemming from the work of the most important Brazilian historian from the period: Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen (1816- 1878). After his studies and military service, Varnhagen started a diplomatic career. This path as a servant of the Imperial bureaucracy allowed his access to European archives and gave him the possibility to produce important synthetic work on the political and literary history of Brasil, as well as several other studies; among these works, the most famous result was Historia Geral do Brasil (1854-1857). The present investigation circumscribes his activities, especially from the mid 1830s to the mid 1850s, the immediate period before his greatest projects. Personal interests caused his insertion in various intellectual spaces, especially his admission to the Academia das Ciências de Lisboa (Science Academy of Lisbon) and to the Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro – IHGB (Brazilian Historic and Geographic Institute). Besides, during this time he collaborated to Portuguese journals such as O Panorama and Revista Universal Lisboense with fictional and historical pieces. This thesis is divided into two main parts: In the first one, the historiografical operation performed at IHGB, the institution headquarted in Rio de Janeiro, is analyzed through a detailed reading of the presence and appropriation of ancient authors by members of the first generation of this association, followed by an examination of two erudite controversies led by Varnhagen. The reconstitution of these disputes allows the expansion of the analysis about the definitions of the writing of History, its forms and functions, and of the competences and compromises of the historian during this period. In the second part, the focus concentrates in the scattered and relatively unknown texts by Varnhagen, published in Portugal alone or in newspapers about public instruction. The strategy used here to approach and to classify this material is organized from the reading of the work of Portuguese journalist, writer and historian Alexandre Herculano (1810-1877). Coexisting with Varnhagen, they shared common spaces in the intellectual life of the 19th century Lisbon. The unquestionable weight of Herculano’s writing in the press and historical research during this period allows the broadening of the analysis to the connections between history and fiction. Specifically, it allows the analysis of the status of the study of the past and of the responsibility of the Historian before the liberal movements that changed the politics in Portugal. Generally, this thesis argues that we can verify the achievement of a historiographical ethics, build culturally and bound in time, even taking into consideration the disciplinary imprecision of the historiographical craft, the intellectual experiences based on the political weight of this knowledge and the juxtaposed temporalities of this context.

This thesis investigates the emergence of Medina in the Ḥijāz as a widely-venerated holy city over the first three Islamic centuries (seventh to ninth centuries CE) within the appropriate historical context, with special attention paid to the town’s ḥaram. It focuses in particular upon the roles played by the Prophet Muḥammad, Umayyad and Abbasid caliphs, and early Islamic legal scholars in this development. It shows that Medina’s emergence as a widely-venerated holy city alongside Mecca was a gradual and contested process, and one that was intimately linked with several important developments concerning legitimate political, religious, and legal authority in the Islamic world. The most important sources for this study have been Medina’s local histories, and Chapter One investigates the development of a tradition of local history-writing there. The Prophet Muḥammad first created a form of sacred space, a ḥaram, at Medina, and Chapter Two seeks to provide the context for this by investigating some forms of sacred and protected space found in the pre-Islamic Arabian Peninsula. Chapter Three then examines a rare early document preserved in the later Islamic sources, which deals in part with Muḥammad’s creation of Medina’s ḥaram, the so-called “Constitution of Medina”, and investigates why and how Muḥammad created that particular form of sacred space at Medina. The remaining two chapters deal with the history of Muḥammad’s ḥaram at Medina after his death as its original raison d’être disappeared. Chapter Four analyses some aspects of Muslim legal scholars’ discussions concerning Medina’s ḥaram, and demonstrates that certain groups disputed its existence. Chapter Five then seeks to understand why caliphs and other scholars invested so heavily in actively promoting its widespread veneration and Medina’s status as a holy city. It concludes that caliphs from the late first/early eighth century patronised Medina to associate themselves with legitimate political authority inherited from Muḥammad, and that from the late second/eighth century certain legal scholars argued for the continued existence of Medina’s ḥaram because of its association with the Prophet and his Companions who had come to be for them the ultimate source of legal authority.

Esta dissertação investiga a História do Brasil do comerciante inglês John Armitage, escrita em 1836, e sua relação com a formação da historiografia brasileira das primeiras décadas do século XIX. Seus objetivos centrais são o estudo da sensação de ruptura entre passado e presente contida em tal obra, bem como suas implicações na ampliação do objeto histórico e na criação de uma nova forma narrativa organizadora de uma identidade nacional brasileira. Acreditamos que esses fenômenos estejam relacionados com um processo geral de aceleração do tempo e de alargamento da esfera pública, verificável no mundo ocidental a partir de meados do século XVIII, e que no Brasil condiciona o processo de independência política. No plano da história da historiografia, esses processos tiveram importância, principalmente, no que diz respeito à recusa da imitação como critério de análise histórica e no surgimento de um novo tipo de narrativa, a sentimental. Aliado a isso, houve a consolidação da linguagem do humanismo comercial em que o comércio foi tido como o meio pelo qual seria possível realizar o refinamento das paixões em maneiras. Resumindo, o objetivo principal desta dissertação, por um lado, é discutir essas transformações, assim como apresentar a proposta historiográfica de John Armitage baseada na incorporação narrativa dos valores de uma sociedade comercial e polida e, por outro, mostrar como tal proposta parece ter sido recusada, ou talvez ignorada, pela historiografia brasileira oitocentista. / This masters dissertation studies the History of Brazil written in 1836 by an English merchant called John Armitage and its interchange with the shaping of Brazilian historiography in the first decades of nineteenth century. The main goals are the study of ruptures sensation between past and present which can be found in this book, as well as the impact in the enlargement of the historical object and in the foundation of a new narrative form which could organize the Brazilian national identity. We believe that these phenomena are related with a general process of time acceleration and of enlargement of the public realm which have happened in the Occident since the middle of eighteenth century. These processes are central to the Brazil political independence. On the history of historiography, these processes have had effect mainly in the refusal of imitation as criterion of historical analyses and in the emergence of a new kind of narrative, the sentimental one. Besides that, the language of commercial humanism has happened and consolidated with the commerce as a medium by which could be possible accomplish the refinement of passions in manners. To sum up, the main goal of this thesis is, on the one hand, to discuss these transformations, as well as present the historiographycal proposal of John Armitage based on narrative incorporation of values of a commercial and polite society and, on the other hand, evidence how this proposal might has been refused, or ignored, by eighteenth century Brazilian historiography.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-11-30T11:40:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 José Roberto Soares Junior.pdf: 1855103 bytes, checksum: e815cbbdb97d96c7c302f12b101fd77e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-30T11:40:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 José Roberto Soares Junior.pdf: 1855103 bytes, checksum: e815cbbdb97d96c7c302f12b101fd77e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This study is focused on the life and academic work of the British historian Peter Burke, a subject historical holder of an extensive and multiple work. To understand it, we set out to look for the fundamental categories that give meaning to his work as a historian. So through the nodes that support his work, it becomes possible to understand that each specific analyzed here is part of that classify as the universality of the author's work. The method used here was to let the author speak, that is, we always start historian Peter Burke to get to our actual analysis. His career was and is always marked by the presence in academic environments, from a young age was interested in history and the arts. He studied at Oxford, taught at Sussex and later moved to Cambridge, where he is professor emeritus already retired. It was one of the first historians concerned effectively to promote interdisciplinarity between history and its sister sciences, such as sociology, anthropology, geography and others. It is an expert historian in European history; Italian Renaissance; cultural history; history of languages; history of knowledge, always concentrate these studies between "culture" and "society" specifically the fifteenth century to the eighteenth. In its original historiographical school, English, developed and could enjoy from the presence of historians like Christopher Hill, Eric Hobsbawm, E. P. Thompson and his tutor Keith Thomas. Outside his school sought innovations in Annales, was greatly influenced by Fernand Braudel, was concerned with the history of "high culture", always thought of as not devoid of circularity which Bakhtin preached. Today is the greatest exponent of the English cultural story, a polymath authentic. In Brazil, taught at USP as a visiting professor from 1994-95, is married to Brazilian Professor Maria Lucia Garcia Pallares-Burke 27 years ago, sharing with her interest in the work of the sociologist Gilberto Freyre. Currently has more than thirty books published in Portuguese, almost all in Brazil / O presente estudo está centrado na vida e obra acadêmica do historiador britânico Peter Burke, um sujeito histórico detentor de uma obra extensa e múltipla. Para compreendê-la, nos dispusemos a buscar as categorias fundamentais que dão sentido ao seu trabalho como historiador. Assim através dos nós que dão sustentação à sua obra, se torna possível entender que cada especificidade aqui analisada faz parte integrante do que classificaríamos como a universalidade da obra do autor. O método utilizado aqui foi deixar o autor falar, ou seja, partimos sempre do historiador Peter Burke para chegarmos às nossas análises efetivas. Sua trajetória foi e é marcada sempre pela presença em ambientes acadêmicos, desde muito jovem se interessava por história e pelas artes. Estudou em Oxford, lecionou em Sussex e posteriormente se transferiu para Cambridge, onde é professor emérito já aposentado. Foi um dos primeiros historiadores efetivamente preocupados em promover a interdisciplinaridade entre a história e suas ciências irmãs, como a sociologia, a antropologia, a geografia e outras. É um historiador especialista na história europeia; Renascimento italiano; história cultural; história das línguas; história do conhecimento, tendo sempre concentrado esses estudos entre a “cultura” e a “sociedade” especificamente do século XV ao XVIII. Em sua escola historiográfica original, a inglesa, se desenvolveu e pôde desfrutar-se da presença de historiadores como Christopher Hill, Eric Hobsbawm, E. P. Thompson e seu tutor Keith Thomas. Fora de sua escola buscou inovações nos Annales, sofreu grande influência de Fernand Braudel, se preocupou com a história da “alta cultura”, sempre pensada como não desprovida da circularidade a qual Bakhtin pregava. Hoje é o maior expoente da história cultural inglesa, um autêntico polímata. No Brasil, deu aulas na USP como professor visitante entre 1994-95, é casado com a professora brasileira Maria Lúcia Garcia Pallares-Burke há 27 anos, compartilhando com ela o interesse pela obra do sociólogo Gilberto Freyre. Atualmente possui mais de trinta livros publicados em português, quase todos no Brasil

Esta dissertação investiga a História do Brasil do comerciante inglês John Armitage, escrita em 1836, e sua relação com a formação da historiografia brasileira das primeiras décadas do século XIX. Seus objetivos centrais são o estudo da sensação de ruptura entre passado e presente contida em tal obra, bem como suas implicações na ampliação do objeto histórico e na criação de uma nova forma narrativa organizadora de uma identidade nacional brasileira. Acreditamos que esses fenômenos estejam relacionados com um processo geral de aceleração do tempo e de alargamento da esfera pública, verificável no mundo ocidental a partir de meados do século XVIII, e que no Brasil condiciona o processo de independência política. No plano da história da historiografia, esses processos tiveram importância, principalmente, no que diz respeito à recusa da imitação como critério de análise histórica e no surgimento de um novo tipo de narrativa, a sentimental. Aliado a isso, houve a consolidação da linguagem do humanismo comercial em que o comércio foi tido como o meio pelo qual seria possível realizar o refinamento das paixões em maneiras. Resumindo, o objetivo principal desta dissertação, por um lado, é discutir essas transformações, assim como apresentar a proposta historiográfica de John Armitage baseada na incorporação narrativa dos valores de uma sociedade comercial e polida e, por outro, mostrar como tal proposta parece ter sido recusada, ou talvez ignorada, pela historiografia brasileira oitocentista. / This masters dissertation studies the History of Brazil written in 1836 by an English merchant called John Armitage and its interchange with the shaping of Brazilian historiography in the first decades of nineteenth century. The main goals are the study of ruptures sensation between past and present which can be found in this book, as well as the impact in the enlargement of the historical object and in the foundation of a new narrative form which could organize the Brazilian national identity. We believe that these phenomena are related with a general process of time acceleration and of enlargement of the public realm which have happened in the Occident since the middle of eighteenth century. These processes are central to the Brazil political independence. On the history of historiography, these processes have had effect mainly in the refusal of imitation as criterion of historical analyses and in the emergence of a new kind of narrative, the sentimental one. Besides that, the language of commercial humanism has happened and consolidated with the commerce as a medium by which could be possible accomplish the refinement of passions in manners. To sum up, the main goal of this thesis is, on the one hand, to discuss these transformations, as well as present the historiographycal proposal of John Armitage based on narrative incorporation of values of a commercial and polite society and, on the other hand, evidence how this proposal might has been refused, or ignored, by eighteenth century Brazilian historiography.

This dissertation examines documentary cinema in Socialist China as an emerging technology of mass politics, a new medium for creating political imaginaries and writing history, and a global vernacular connecting China to other revolutionary and modernizing cultures. At the center of my investigation is documentary cinema's capacities to work across boundaries between reality and fiction, between physical and metaphysical worlds, and between a historical world bound by its materiality and a revolutionary world mobilized to take leaps into a brighter future. I argue that these capacities made documentary a particularly relevant media for socialism for both epistemological and historiographical reasons. Epistemologically, documentary brought together the empirical and the ideological, both fundamental to a Marxist quest for truth. Historiographically, documentary's deep bond to the present moment and its capacity for temporal re-structuring and mass mobilization allowed it to intervene radically into the making and writing of history, particularly in a society engaged with engineering its own transformation. Using visual archives only recently made available, the dissertation's wide-ranging discussions include how documentary re-enacted the civil war upon the founding of the PRC, documented "tomorrow" during the Great Leap Forward, created mass passions for diplomacy in the 1960s, and enabled a poetics of mourning and testimony in the immediate years after the Cultural Revolution. / East Asian Languages and Civilizations

Originally presented as the author's Promotionsschrift--Freie Universität Berlin, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [717]-754) and index.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-12-12T10:48:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rogério Chaves da Silva - 2015.pdf: 4963437 bytes, checksum: 53f5db7d3e6be0c1fbe33b8a5aeee94e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-12-12T10:49:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rogério Chaves da Silva - 2015.pdf: 4963437 bytes, checksum: 53f5db7d3e6be0c1fbe33b8a5aeee94e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-12T10:49:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Rogério Chaves da Silva - 2015.pdf: 4963437 bytes, checksum: 53f5db7d3e6be0c1fbe33b8a5aeee94e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-18 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / This research consists in a History of Historiography work, aimed at the analysis of the regional production of historiography developed in (about) Goiás from 1920 to 1990. Thus, we investigated texts of regional historiography which were dedicated to the study of issues related to the history of Goiás, therefore, we analyzed the production contexts, the influences, and the theoretical trends, the research methods, besides some narrative and normative aspects involving the historical knowledge produced about the region’s past. It was found that the history of this regional historiography of the nineteenth century can be considered from two distinct periods, each with its distinctive historiographical model: the first, originating from the writing “self-taught historians” whose historical researches have shaped the regional historiography from the early decades of the twentieth century until the 1960s; and the second, consisting of historical researches produced by researchers linked to the university, trainers of a post-1970 academic historiography. Therefore, we tried to confront these different modes of apprehension of past phenomena, and, at the same time, mark the normative, theoretical, methodological, empirical and narrative specificities contained in these two historiographical archetypes. / Esta pesquisa consiste em um trabalho de História da Historiografia, cujo objetivo é a análise da produção historiográfica regional desenvolvida em (sobre) Goiás entre as décadas de 1920 e 1990. Assim, foram investigados textos da historiografia regional que se dedicaram ao estudo de temas relativos à história de Goiás, para tanto, foram analisados os contextos de produção, as influências e as tendências teóricas, os métodos de pesquisa, além de alguns aspectos narrativos e normativos que envolveram o conhecimento histórico produzido acerca do passado da região. Constatou-se que a história dessa historiografia regional novecentista pode ser pensada a partir de dois períodos distintos, cada qual com seu modelo historiográfico característico: o primeiro, emanado da escrita de “historiadores autodidatas”, cujas pesquisas históricas marcaram a historiografia regional desde as décadas iniciais do século XX até os anos 1960; e o segundo, constituído por investigações históricas produzidas por pesquisadores ligados à universidade, formadores de uma historiografia acadêmica pós-1970. Portanto, procurou-se confrontar esses diferentes modos de apreensão dos fenômenos do passado e, ao mesmo tempo, demarcar as especificidades normativas, teóricas, metodológicas, empíricas e narrativas contidas nesses dois arquétipos historiográficos.

Roman PAZDERSKÝ, The Goll's style. A study to the historical thinking of Jaroslav Goll, diploma thesis, FF UK, Prague 2013 This thesis seeks to expose the theme style of famous Czech historian Jaroslav Goll (1846- 1929). The methodological basis of this work is the concept of style analysis as one of the possible ways to understanding the Goll's historical thinking. Style, understood as the outward projection or reflection of deep contents of historian's historical thinking, leads the author this work to the detailed reflections of real nature of Goll's thought about the history and historiography, which often finds itself in evident collision with the stereotypical image of the Goll's rigid historiographical "positivism". The author wants, on the basis of precise analysis of the Goll's texts (including the surviving notes of his university lectures), to offer a qualified statement especially about non-positivist moments of the Goll's historical thinking, which are in his work represented firstly by the way of Goll's approach to historical themes and secondly by the so-called "symptomatic features of the Goll's historiographical style". All these problems open also a much broader issue on the adequacy of the concept "positivism" as a general designation for the intellectual orientation of the...

Leopold von Ranke (1795-1886), considerado um dos mais importantes historiadores do século XIX e de toda a história da historiografia, produziu prolificamente durante toda sua carreira profissional, tendo como um de seus principais objetos de estudos a formação das nações ocidentais modernas e sendo conhecido por sua abordagem metodológica da História. Mas seu trabalho também pode ser uma fonte considerável de novos temas e interpretação, especialmente quando seus trabalhos menos conhecidos são tomados em consideração. A presente pesquisa analisa um tema ainda pouco explorado no trabalho de Ranke, ou seja, a posição desse historiador em relação aos grupos orientais através da interpretação das três edições (1829, 1844 e 1879) do seu livro A Revolução Sérvia (Die serbische Geschichte). Algumas características desses textos merecem destaque: 1) o período de cinquenta anos no qual Ranke trabalhou o texto torna possível o estudo do desenvolvimento de suas ideias; 2) trata-se do estudo de um tema contemporâneo, o que significa que Ranke a escreveu enquanto as ações que estudava ainda faziam parte do presente; 3) a obra tem caráter colaborativo, já que foi concebida pela união de Ranke e do Círculo Eslavo de Viena; 4) a forma com que Ranke descreveu os povos orientais (turco e sérvio) aponta para a relação entre essas noções e uma série de representações do Oriente, as quais estavam conectadas com ideias românticas bastante difundidas / Leopold von Ranke (1795-1886), considered one of the most important historians of the 19th century and of the whole history of historiography, produced prolifically during his entire professional carrier, having as one of his main objects the of study the formation of the Western Modern Nations and being famous for his historical methodological approach. But his work can also be a considerable source of new themes and new interpretations, especially when his less known books such as The Ottoman and the Spanish empires in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries or The Serbian Revolution are taken under consideration. This research analyses a theme somewhat yet to be explored in Rankes work, that is to say, the position of this historian in respect of oriental groups through the interpretation of the three editions (1829, 1844 and 1879) of his book The Serbian Revolution (Die serbische Geschichte). Some characteristics of this works deserve highlight: 1) the period of fifty years in which Ranke retook the text makes it possible to study the development of his ideas; 2) it is about the study of a contemporary theme, which means that Ranke wrote while the actions he studied still were part of the present; 3) the work has a collaborative nature, which was conceived by the union of Ranke and the Viennese Slavonian Circle; 4) the way Ranke described the eastern people (Turkish and Serbian) indicates the relation between these notions and a series of representations of the East, which were connected to widespread Romanticist ideas