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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Limites topológicos do modelo Gauge-Higgs com simetria Z(2) em uma rede bidimensional / Topological Limits in the Gauge-Higgs Model with Z(2) Symmetry in a Bidimensional Lattice

Aza, Nelson Javier Buitrago 04 November 2013 (has links)
Nesta dissertação estudamos as teorias de gauge acoplada com campos de matéria em variedades bidimensionais. Para isso, descrevemos primeiro um formalismo em duas e três dimensões o qual é baseado na ideia de Kuperberg de definir um invariante topológico em três dimensões usando álgebras de Hopf e diagramas de Heegaard. O uso do formalismo é útil para este trabalho pois é fácil a identificação de limites topológicos sem resolver o modelo. Também escrevemos o modelo de gauge com campos de matéria usando uma fixação de gauge chamada de gauge unitário. Trabalhamos com o grupo abeliano $\\mathbb_$ e explicamos com detalhe o caso $\\mathbb_$. Calculamos as funções de partição e loops de Wilson para este grupo nos diferentes limites topológicos. Mostramos que existem casos nos quais os resultados dependem da triangulação mas de maneira trivial, estes casos foram chamados de quase-topológicos. / In this thesis we study gauge theories coupled with matter fields in two-dimensional manifolds. In order to proceed we first describe a formalism in two and three dimensions which is based on the idea of Kuperberg of defining a topological invariant in three dimensions using Hopf algebras and Heegaard diagrams. The use of this formalism is useful here because it is easy to identify topological limits without solving the model. Furthermore, we write the gauge model with matter fields choosing the unitary gauge. We work with abelians groups Z(n) and explain the Z(2) case in detail. We calculate partition functions and Wilson loops for this group in the different topological limits. We show that, there were cases in which the results depended on the triangulation but in a trivial way, these cases are called quasi-topological.
52

Limites topológicos do modelo Gauge-Higgs com simetria Z(2) em uma rede bidimensional / Topological Limits in the Gauge-Higgs Model with Z(2) Symmetry in a Bidimensional Lattice

Nelson Javier Buitrago Aza 04 November 2013 (has links)
Nesta dissertação estudamos as teorias de gauge acoplada com campos de matéria em variedades bidimensionais. Para isso, descrevemos primeiro um formalismo em duas e três dimensões o qual é baseado na ideia de Kuperberg de definir um invariante topológico em três dimensões usando álgebras de Hopf e diagramas de Heegaard. O uso do formalismo é útil para este trabalho pois é fácil a identificação de limites topológicos sem resolver o modelo. Também escrevemos o modelo de gauge com campos de matéria usando uma fixação de gauge chamada de gauge unitário. Trabalhamos com o grupo abeliano $\\mathbb_$ e explicamos com detalhe o caso $\\mathbb_$. Calculamos as funções de partição e loops de Wilson para este grupo nos diferentes limites topológicos. Mostramos que existem casos nos quais os resultados dependem da triangulação mas de maneira trivial, estes casos foram chamados de quase-topológicos. / In this thesis we study gauge theories coupled with matter fields in two-dimensional manifolds. In order to proceed we first describe a formalism in two and three dimensions which is based on the idea of Kuperberg of defining a topological invariant in three dimensions using Hopf algebras and Heegaard diagrams. The use of this formalism is useful here because it is easy to identify topological limits without solving the model. Furthermore, we write the gauge model with matter fields choosing the unitary gauge. We work with abelians groups Z(n) and explain the Z(2) case in detail. We calculate partition functions and Wilson loops for this group in the different topological limits. We show that, there were cases in which the results depended on the triangulation but in a trivial way, these cases are called quasi-topological.
53

A FILTRAÇÃO STANDARD DE UMA ÁLGEBRA DE HOPF / THE STANDARD FILTRATION OF A HOPF ALGEBRA

Giraldi, João Matheus Jury 25 March 2014 (has links)
Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / In this work we present the lifting method [AS2], which is used to classify certain class of Hopf algebras. Since this method is based on the coradical filtration, it can be used just for those Hopf algebras satisfying the Chevalley property (CP). Results related to the explicit calculation of such filtration are also explored. Finally, we study the standard filtration, which is defined in [AC], and which allows us to extend the lifting method to the non-(CP) case. / Neste trabalho apresentamos o método de lifting [AS2], o qual é utilizado para a classificação de certa classe de álgebras de Hopf. Desde que este método baseia-se na filtração coradical, ele não pode ser utilizado para aquelas que satisfazem a propriedade Chevalley (PC). Resultados relacionados com o cálculo explícito de tal filtração também são explorados. Na parte final, estudamos a filtração standard, que está definida em [AC], e que nos permite estender o método de lifting ao caso não (PC).
54

Groupes quantiques : actions sur des modules hilbertiens et calculs différentiels / Quantum groups : actions on Hilbert modules and differential calculi

Thibault de Chanvalon, Manon 08 December 2014 (has links)
Résumé indisponible / Résumé indisponible
55

Structures Hopf-algébriques et opéradiques sur différentes familles d'arbres / Hopf-algebraics and operadics structures on different families of trees

Mansuy, Anthony 31 May 2013 (has links)
Nous introduisons les notions de forêts préordonnées et préordonnées en tas, généralisant les constructions des forêts ordonnées et ordonnées en tas. On démontre que les algèbres des forêts préordonnées et préordonnées en tas sont des algèbres de Hopf pour le coproduit de coupes et on construit un morphisme d'algèbres de Hopf dans l'algèbre des mots tassés. Ensuite, nous définissons un autre coproduit sur les forêts préordonnées donné par la contraction d'arêtes et nous donnons une description combinatoire de morphismes définis sur des algèbres de Hopf de forêts et à valeurs dans les algèbres de Hopf de battages et de battages contractants. Par ailleurs, nous introduisons la notion d'algèbre bigreffe, généralisant les notions d'algèbres de greffes à gauche et à droite. Nous décrivons l'algèbre bigreffe libre engendrée par un générateur et nous munissons cette algèbre d'une structure d'algèbre de Hopf et d'un couplage. Nous étudions ensuite le dual de Koszul de l'operade bigreffe et nous donnons une description combinatoire de l'algèbre bigreffe dual engendrée par un générateur. A l'aide d'une méthode de réécriture, nous prouvons que l'opérade bigreffe est Koszul. Nous définissons la notion de bialgèbre bigreffe infinitésimale et nous prouvons un analogue des théorèmes de Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt et de Cartier-Milnor-Moore pour les bialgèbres bigreffe infinitésimales connexes. Pour finir, à partir de deux opérateurs de greffes, nous construisons des algèbres de Hopf d'arbres enracinés et ordonnés $ mathbf{B}^{i} $, $ i in mathbb{N}^{ast} $, $ mathbf{B}^{infty} $ et $ mathbf{B} $ vérifiant les relations d'inclusions $ mathbf{B}^{1} subseteq hdots mathbf{B}^{i} subseteq mathbf{B}^{i+1} subseteq hdots subseteq mathbf{B}^{infty} subseteq mathbf{B} $. On munit $ mathbf{B} $ d'une structure de bialgèbre dupliciale dendriforme et on en déduit que $ mathbf{B} $ est colibre et auto-duale. Nous démontrons que $ mathbf{B} $ est engendrée comme algèbre bigreffe par un générateur. / We introduce the notions of preordered and heap-preordered forests, generalizing the construction of ordered and heap-ordered forests. We prove that the algebras of preordered and heap-preordered forests are Hopf for the cut coproduct, and we construct a Hopf morphism to the Hopf algebra of packed words. In addition, we define another coproduct on the preordered forests given by the contraction of edges, and we give a combinatorial description of morphims defined on Hopf algebras of forests with values in the Hopf algebras of shuffes or quasi-shuffles. Moreover, we introduce the notion of bigraft algebra, generalizing the notions of left and right graft algebras. We describe the free bigraft algebra generated by one generator and we endow this algebra with a Hopf algebra structure, and a pairing. Next, we study the Koszul dual of the bigraft operad and we give a combinatorial description of the free dual bigraft algebra generated by one generator. With the help of a rewriting method, we prove that the bigraft operad is Koszul. We define the notion of infinitesimal bigraft bialgebra and we prove an analogue of Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt and Cartier-Milnor-Moore theorems for connected infinitesimal bigraft bialgebras. Finally, with two grafting operators, we construct Hopf algebras of rooted and ordered trees $ mathbf{B}^{i} $, $ i in mathbb{N}^{ast} $, $ mathbf{B}^{infty} $ and $ mathbf{B} $ satisfying the inclusion relations $ mathbf{B}^{1} subseteq hdots mathbf{B}^{i} subseteq mathbf{B}^{i+1} subseteq hdots subseteq mathbf{B}^{infty} subseteq mathbf{B} $. We endow $ mathbf{B} $ with a structure of duplicial dendriform bialgebra and we deduce that $ mathbf{B} $ is cofree and self-dual. We prove that $ mathbf{B} $ is generated as bigraft algebra by one generator.
56

Théorie des représentations combinatoire de tours de monoïdes : Application à la catégorification et aux fonctions de parking / Combinatorial representation theory of tower monoids : Application to categorification and to parking functions

Virmaux, Aladin 13 June 2016 (has links)
Cette thèse se situe en combinatoire algébrique, et plus particulièrement en théorie combinatoire des représentations linéaires des monoïdes finis.Rappelons qu'un monoïde est un ensemble fini M muni d'une multiplication et d'un élément neutre, et qu'une représentation de M est un morphisme de M dans le monoïde des matrices $M_n(ck)$ où $ck$ est un corps, typiquement $ck =CC$. Les résultats des dernières décennies donnent un contrôle assez fin sur les représentations des monoïdes, permettant souvent de se ramener à de la théorie des représentations des groupes et de la combinatoire sur des préordres.En 1996, Krob et Thibon ont montré que l'induction et la restriction des représentations irréductibles et projectives de la tour des $0$-algèbres de Hecke $H_n(0)$ permet de munir l'ensemble des caractères d'une structure d'algèbre de Hopf, qui est isomorphe a l'algèbre de Hopf $ncsf$ des fonctions symétriques non commutatives. Cela donne une emph{catégorification} de$ncsf$, c'est-à-dire une interprétation de celle-ci en terme de théorie des représentations. Ils prolongent ainsi un résultat dû à Frobenius établissant un lien entre l'anneau des caractères de la tour des groupes symétriques et lesfonctions symétriques. Un problème naturel depuis lors est d'essayer de catégorifier d'autres algèbres de Hopf -- par exemple l'algèbre $pbt$ desarbres binaires de Loday et Ronco -- par des tours d'algèbres.Deviner une telle tour d'algèbres est difficile en général. Dans le cadre de cemanuscrit on restreint le champ de recherche aux tours de monoïdes, afin de mieux contrôler leurs représentations. C'est naturel car ce cadre couvre enfait les deux exemples fondamentaux ci-dessus, tandis qu'il est impossible decatégorifier $ncsf$ avec seulement une tour de groupes.Nous commençons par donner quelques résultats sur les représentations des toursde monoïdes. Ensuite, nous nous intéressons à la catégorification par destours de semi-treillis, et en particulier de quotients du permutoèdre. Avecceux-ci, nous catégorifions la structure de cogèbre de $fqsym$ sur la base$gbasis$ et celle d'algèbre de $fqsym$ sur la base $fbasis$. Cela ne permetcependant pas de catégorifier simultanément toute la structure de Hopf de ces algèbres. Dans un second temps, nous menons une recherche exhaustive des catégorifications de $pbt$. Nous montrons que, sous des hypothèses naturelles,il n'existe pas de catégorification de $pbt$ par une tour de monoïdesapériodiques. Enfin, nous démontrons que, dans un certain sens, la tour des monoïdes $0$-Hecke est la tour de monoïdes la plus simple catégorifiant $ncsf$.La seconde partie porte sur les fonctions de parking, par application des résultats de la première partie. D'une part, nous étudions la théorie des représentations de la tour des fonctions de parking croissantes. D'autre part,dans un travail commun avec Jean-Baptiste Priez nous reprenons une généralisation des fonctions de parking due à Stanley et Pitman. Afin d'obtenir des formules d'énumérations, nous utilisons une variante -- plus efficace dansle cas présent -- de la théorie des espèces. Nous donnons une action de$H_n(0)$ (et non du groupe symétrique) sur les fonctions de parking généralisées, et utilisons le théorème de catégorification de Krob et Thibon,pour relever dans les fonctions symétriques non commutatives le caractère de cette action. / This thesis is focused on combinatorical representation theory of finitemonoids within the field of algebraic combinatorics.A monoid $M$ is a finite set endowed with a multiplication and a neutralelement. A representation of $M$ is a morphism from $M$ into the monoid ofmatrices $M_n(ck)$ where $ck$ is a field; in this work it will typically bereferred to as $ck = CC$.The results obtained in the last decades allows us to use representation theoryof groups, and combinatorics on preorders in order to explore representationtheory of finite monoides.In 1996, Krob and Thibon proved that the induction and restriction rules ofirreducible and projective representations of the tower of $0$-Hecke monoidsendows its ring of caracters with a Hopf algebra structure, isomorph to thenon-commutative symmetric functions Hopf algebra $ncsf$. This gives acategorification of $ncsf$, which is an interpretation of the non-commutativesymmetruc functions in the language of representation theory. This extends atheorem of Frobenius endowing the character ring of symmetric groups to theHopf algebra of symmetric functions. Since then a natural problem is tocategorify other Hopf algebras -- for instance the Planar Binary Tree algebraof Loday and Ronco -- by a tower of algebras.Guessing such a tower of algebra is a difficult problem in general.In this thesis we restrict ourselves to towers of monoids in order to have abetter control on its representations. This is quite natural as on one hand,this setup covers both previous fundamental examples, whereas $ncsf$cannot be categorified in the restricted set of tower of group algebras.In the first part of this work, we start with some results about representationtheory of towers of monoids. We then focus on categorification with towers ofsemilatices, for example the tower of permutohedrons. We categorify thealgebra, and cogebra structure of $fqsym$, but not the full Hopf algebrastructure with its dual. We then make a comprehensive search in order tocategorify $pbt$ with a tower of monoids. We show that under naturalhypothesis, there exists no tower of monoids satisfying the categorificationaxioms. Finally we show that in some sense, the tower of $0$-Hecke monoids isthe simplest tower categorifying $ncsf$.The second part of this work deals with parking functions, applying resultsfrom the first part. We first study the representation theory of non decreasingparking functions. We then present a joint work with Jean-Baptiste Priez on ageneralization of parking functions from Pitman and Stanley. To obtainenumeration formulas, we use a variant of the species theory which was moreefficient in our case.We used an action of $H_n(0)$ instead of the symmetric group and use theKrob-Thibon theorem to lift the character of this action into the Hopf algebraof non-commutative symmetric functions.
57

Pairs in involution

Halbig, Sebastian 08 August 2022 (has links)
Pairs in involution are a Hopf algebraic structure with applications to category theory, cyclic homology and knot theory. In the present dissertation we will answer the question whether every finite-dimensional Hopf algebra admits such pairs, construct and investigate their categorical analogues, and develop, based on our previous findings, the theory of pairs in involutions for Hopf monads.
58

On Hopf algebras of symmetric and quasisymmetric functions

Dahlgren, Isabel January 2024 (has links)
This bachelor thesis aims to give an introduction to various Hopf algebras that arise in combinatorics, with a view towards symmetric functions. We begin by covering the algebraic background needed to define Hopf algebras, including a discussion of the algebra-coalgebra duality. Takeuchi's formula for the antipode is stated and proved. It is then generalised to incidence Hopf algebras. This is followed by a discussion of the Hopf algebra of symmetric functions. It is shown that the Hopf algebra of symmetric functions is self-dual. We also show that the graded dual of the Hopf algebra of quasisymmetric functions is the Hopf algebra of non-commutative symmetric functions. Relations to the Hopf algebra of symmetric functions in non-commuting variables are emphasised. Finally, we state and prove the Aguiar-Bergeron-Sottile universality theorem.
59

Etude et Classification des algèbres Hom-associatives / Study and Classification of Hom-associative algebras

Abdou Damdji, Ahmed Zahari 24 May 2017 (has links)
La thèse comporte six chapitres. Dans le premier chapitre, on rappelle les bases de la théorie et on étudie la structure des algèbres Hom-associatives ainsi que les différentes constructions comme la composition avec des endomorphismes qui nous permet de construire de nouveaux objets et d’établir certaines nouvelles propriétés. Parmi les résultats originaux, on peut signaler l’étude des algèbres Hom-associatives simples ainsi que leurs constructions. On a montré que toutes les algèbres Hom-associatives multiplicatives simples s’obtiennent par composition d’algèbres simples et d’automorphismes. Dans le deuxième chapitre, on commence par étudier les propriétés des changements de base dans ces structures algébriques. On a calculé la base de Gröbner de l’idéal engendrant la variété algébrique des algèbres Hom-associatives de dimension 2 où la multiplication µ et l’application linéaire α sont identifiées à leurs constantes de structure relativement à une base donnée. La classification, à isomorphisme près, des algèbres Hom-associatives unitaires et non unitaires est établie en dimension 2 et 3. On a aussi décrit les algèbres de type associatif en se basant sur le théorème de twist de Yau. Dans le troisième chapitre, on étudie certaines propriétés et invariants comme les dérivations, αk-dérivations où k est un entier positif. Dans le quatrième chapitre, on établit la cohomologie de ces algèbres. On a pu lister les algèbres rigides grâce à leur classe de cohomologie puis on s'est 'intéressé aux déformations infinitésimales et dégénérations. D’une part, la cohomologie et déformation de ces algèbres nous a permis d’identifier les algèbres rigides dont le deuxième groupe de cohomologie est nulle, et d’autre part de caractérisation de composante irréductible. Dans le cinquième chapitre, on s’intéresse aux structures Rota-Baxter de poids λ ϵK de ces algèbres. Enfin, dans le dernier chapitre, on a travaillé sur les structures Hom-bialgèbres et leurs invariants. / The purpose of this thesis is to study the structure of Hom-associative algebras and provide classifications. Among the results obtained in this thesis, we provide 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional Hom-associative algebras and give a characterization of multiplicative simple Hom-associative algebras. Moreover we compute some invariants and discuss irreducible components of the corresponding algebraic varieties. The thesis is organized as follows. In the first chapter we give the basics about Hom-associative algebras and provide some new properties. Moreover, we discuss unital Hom-associative algebras. Chapter 2 deals with simple multiplicative Hom-associative algebras. We present one of the main results of this paper, that is a characterization of simple multiplicative Hom-associative algebras. Indeed, we show that they are all obtained by twistings of simple associative algebras. Chapter 3 is dedicated to describe algebraic varieties of Hom-associative algebras and provide classifications, up to isomorphism, of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional Hom-associative algebras. In chapter 4, we compute their derivations and twisted derivations, whereas in chapter 5, we compute their Hom-Type Hochschild cohomology. In the last section of this chapter, we consider the geometric classification problem using one-parameter formel deformations, and describe the irreducible components. In chapter 6, we compute Rota-Baxter structures of weight k of Hom-associative algebras appearing in our classification. In chapter 7, We work out Hom-bialgebras structures as well as their invariants. Properties and classifications, as well as the calculation of certain invariants such as the first and second cohomology groups, were studied.
60

PARES ADMISSÍVEIS, SISTEMAS ADMISSÍVEIS E BIÁLGEBRAS NA CATEGORIA DOS MÓDULOS DE YETTER-DRINFELD / ADMISSIBLE PAIR, ADMISSIBLE SYSTEM AND BIALGEBRA IN CATEGORY OF MODULES OF YETTER-DRINFELD

Vieira, Larissa Hagedorn 19 March 2014 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The purpose of this work is to study the relationships between admissible pairs, systems admissible and bialgebras in the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules, as well as some properties of the Hopf algebra associated (via bosonization) to an admissible pair. We end this dissertation with a family of examples of admissible pairs. / O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar as relações entre pares admissíveis, sistemas admissíveis e biálgebras na categoria dos módulos de Yetter-Drinfeld, bem como algumas propriedades da álgebra de Hopf associada (via bosonização) a um par admissível. Finalizamos esta dissertação com uma família de exemplos de pares admissíveis.

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