The intent of this thesis is to investigate whether there is a place for low-income residents in gentrified neighborhoods by examining how the housing needs of these households are provided. Affordable housing development and maintenance are key components for preserving a place for low-income residents in gentrified communities. This paper investigates the provision of affordable housing through the renovation of the historic Whitelaw Hotel in Washington, D.C. by recreating the renovation events from interviews with participants in the project to document the obstacles to and benefits of the success of these projects. The paper also examines the issue of affordability and sustainability of affordable housing projects. Affordable is a subjective term. Local jurisdictions determine the income criteria that establish eligibility for affordable units. In many cities such as Washington, D.C., the area median income (AMI) used to determine eligibility is higher than the median income of the neighborhoods in which the affordable housing is located. A high AMI increases the number of households eligible for subsidized housing, which heightens competition for these units pitting very low-income households against households earning almost twice their income. Also, the sustainability of affordable units is contingent on many factors. There are mechanisms for preserving affordability and many limitations, including personal decisions, which impact their longevity. This paper found that while the renovation project successfully created affordable housing there was little consensus by interview participants on the definition of affordability or whether the project is sustainable as affordable housing after the low-income housing tax credits expires. / Master of Science

The purpose of this study was to determine if the hotel industry could reduce a portion of its operating costs used for unnecessary lighting expenses. The study was conducted at the Donaldson Brown Center in Blacksburg, Virginia with 32 hotel guests participating. Data was collected to determine light fixture usage during periods of guestroom inactivity (inactive is defined as periods after the guest had checked-in but was out of the guestroom). Two treatment rooms and two control rooms were monitored to determine inactivity of the room, usage of light fixtures, and usage of daylight. Light levels and wattage readings were taken to determine consistency in light levels of the lamps and energy used by the different fixture/lamp combinations in each of the four rooms. One treatment room and one control room were on the east side of the building and the other treatment and control room were on the west side. The test rooms were evaluated to insure that all interior variables (i.e., structural configuration, size, materials and finishes, furnishings, light fixtures, and HV AC system) were controlled. The only features changed in the guest rooms were lamps housed in the fixtures of the two treatment rooms where the ceiling fixtures were relamped with two 16 watt compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) and portable fixtures were relamped with one 18 watt CFL. Standard incandescent lamps were used in the control rooms. It was found that the time lights arc left on in inactive rooms can amount to a considerable portion of a hotels operating costs for energy usage. Results show a 64-71 % reduction in energy consumed by CFLs compared to incandescent lamps. Fixtures housed with incandescent lamps cost an average of $.008 per hour to run compared to those lamped with CFLs which cost $.003 per hour to run. Through total or strategic relamping of fixtures, operating costs for electric lighting can be cut by more than 50% and energy resources would be saved. Implemented environmental strategies could then be used as a marketing tool to attract environmentally conscious consumers. / Master of Science

The banquet staff at a north Texas hotel were responsible for setting up 11 different functions (e.g., buffet dinners) for conferences and meetings. The functions were often set up late and items were often omitted. An analysis suggested that performance problems were the result of weak antecedents, inefficient work procedures, inadequate training and a lack of motivating consequences. An intervention consisting of task checklists, feedback, goal setting, monetary bonuses, training and job aids was designed to enhance the accuracy and timeliness of function setups. Performance increased from an average of 68.8% on the quality measure (accuracy plus timeliness) in baseline, to 99.7% during the intervention phase. Performance decreased to 82.3% during a follow-up phase in which parts of the intervention were discontinued by hotel management. Performance increased to 99.3% with the reintroduction of the intervention phase.

The evolution of big business in manufacturing and some service industries, together with the role played in this by merger and acquisition (M&A) activity has been thoroughly researched and is well documented. However, despite' the increasing economic and social importance of the UK hotel industry, its development has been largely neglected. Therefore, this thesis set out to explore the development of big business in the hotel industry through the study of M&A activities. This study employs the multiple case study approach (four UK hotel companies), using M&A theory as the theoretical framework; extensive historical secondary data and semi-structured interviews were carried out for the study, covering a period of 26 years. The analysis was conducted by synthesising data with the M&A theory, in terms of two levels, organisational motives and macro environmental factors. The findings confirm those in the existing literature on what is encompassed by the term big business and the part played by M&A activity in the creation of big business. They also suggest that in the hotel industry the acquisition of brand name and brand rights is an important motive, one which has been neglected in the general M&A literature discussion. These findings added several new dimensions to big business concepts, through illuminating the role of brand and brand right acquisition in the context of the UK hotel industry. This thesis confirms the utility of deploying the wide range and large quantity of publicly available historical secondary information, which is rarely used. In addition, the application of a qualitative and longitudinal approach, applied to management theory, has broadened the research agenda in the study of hotel business, business history and business management theory.

Viele Hotels in Schierke stehen seit Ende des 19./Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts leer. Um ein attraktives und besucherreiches Hotel zu entwerfen, besteht die Aufgabe darin, das unbewohnte Hotel „Heinrich Heine“ als Vier-Sterne-Hotel zu entwickeln. Für den Entwurf wurden zwei Analysen durchgeführt. In der ersten Analyse war eine Stadt zu wählen, die eine enge Bedeutung und Bezug zur Stadt Schierke hat, damit die touristische Infrastruktur analysiert werden kann. Das Ziel der zweiten Analyse bestand darin, ein Hotel zu finden, welches sich sehr gut in die bestehende Umgebung (entweder Alpen oder Bergort) einpasst. Außerdem wurde ein Hotel gesucht, welches sich an den Prinzipien der Nachhaltigkeit orientiert. Am Ende wurde der Grundgedanke und das Grundkonzept eines Passivhauses favorisiert. Vor Beginn des Entwurfs fand ein Workshop in Schierke statt, bei dem jede Gruppe Ideen für die Gestaltung eines Ortsentwicklungskonzepts (Masterplan) für die Stadt diskutierte und entwickelte. Aus dieser Idee heraus, ist es wichtig, das Hotelprofil und die Zielgruppe miteinander zu verbinden. Auf Grundlage der Analysen und des Masterplans für die Entwicklung der Stadt wurde ein Entwurf für das Hotel Heinrich Heine erarbeitet. Eckpunkte für die Entwicklung des Projekts waren ebenso die Analyse des Grundstücks, historische Aspekte des Hotels, die Funktionalität, Materialität, Fassade und Aspekte, wie Barrierefreiheit und Nachhaltigkeit.

This study focused on the hotel front office management course and how this course and related topics were taught in hospitality management programs. The results of the study can guide faculty in developing and expanding the hotel front office management course, related textbooks and teaching resources to best prepare students to meet the future needs of the lodging industry.

The aim of this thesis is to sum up the economic viability of the prospectus in form of establishment of the dogs' hotel supplemented by other related services.

[pt] Com a crescente utilização da Internet, a Indústria do Turismo vive novo cenário de distribuição de seus produtos. Hotéis alcançam seus clientes diretamente através dos seus websites e novos atores, como os chamados intermediários online ou Third Party Intermediary (TPI), aproveitam suas experiências com tecnologias de informação para galgarem uma posição privilegiada no mercado de distribuição de serviços de hospedagem, concorrendo com os próprios hotéis. Em contraste com os hotéis, os TPIs ofertam múltiplos produtos (passagens aéreas, aluguel de autos, ingresso para eventos etc.) para atrair consumidores que buscam conveniência na compra online de tudo que se refere à viagem. Além dessa estratégia de full-service, fornecem facilidades para pesquisar e comparar fornecedores. Assim, os TPIs não só se tornam concorrentes diretos dos hotéis que os utilizam, mas também, acirram a competição entre eles. Que estratégias de relacionamento com TPIs restam aos hotéis e quais são mais eficazes em cada caso? O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar como os principais hotéis do Rio de Janeiro se posicionam frente aos canais eletrônicos. Assim, a partir do ponto de vista dos gerentes dos hotéis, busca contribuir para o entendimento dos novos aspectos da competição dos hotéis entre si, entre eles e seus canais de distribuição e entre esses distribuidores. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas com gerentes de dez dos maiores hotéis do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa revelou que as estratégias adotadas são diretamente relacionadas à força de marketing que cada hotel possui, sendo, portanto, decisivo para o posicionamento do hotel o fato de ele ser independente ou pertencer a uma cadeia. / [en] Considering the increasing Internet utilization as reservation medium, the Tourism and Hospitality Industry faces a new distribution scenario of its products and services. Hotels reach the clients directly through their own website, and also through new actors as the one known as online partner, also called Third Party Intermediary (TPI). These companies take advantage of their knowledge and long experience in information technology with the purpose of getting the maximum market share in the hospitality service distribution, becoming even a directly competitor of their own partners. Different from the hotels, TPIs offer multiple products such as airline and event tickets, and car rental that can be bought bundled, or separately, in order to attract guests seeking convenience of booking online everything they need for their trip. One of the conveniences sought by consumers is easy and fast comparison of prices, products and services offered even by different companies. Hence, the TPIs not only became direct competitors of the hotels, with whom they have distribution contracts, but they intensified the struggle among competing hotels as well. The objective of this thesis is to investigate how the main hotels in Rio de Janeiro position themselves in face of the electronic distribution channels. Therefore, starting from viewpoint of the hotels´ managers, this research seeks to contribute for a better understanding of the new aspects of the competition among the hotels, between them and their own distribution channels, as well as among these same distribution channels. To achieve this objective, interviews were conducted with managers of ten of the largest hotels in Rio de Janeiro City. The research revealed that the strategies adopted are directly linked to the marketing strength of the hotel. Therefore, a key factor for the strategic positioning of the hotel is whether it is independent or chain owned.

Os elementos intangíveis no processo de criação de valor dentro das empresas vêm ganhando crescente importância nas discussões acadêmicas. Neste sentido, é importante que os administradores identifiquem e gerenciem estes elementos, que são agrupados sob o conceito de capital intelectual (CI) da organização. Este trabalho apresenta um survey realizado com cento e onze hotéis do estado de São Paulo, o qual evidenciou a presença dos elementos do CI conforme os portes dos hotéis (pequeno, médio e grande) e analisou as atitudes dos gestores acerca destes elementos. As informações e os dados foram coletados a partir da aplicação de um questionário estruturado disponível em um site. Os dados foram tratados e analisados estatisticamente e os resultados obtidos evidenciaram como principal diferença de gestão dos hotéis o fato dos hotéis de pequeno porte sustentarem o capital humano como componente de sua estrutura de CI mais consistente, enquanto que nos hotéis de médio porte toda a estrutura está em formação, ao contrário dos hotéis de grande porte, que possuem uma estrutura consistente. / The intangible elements in the process of organizational value creation are gaining increasing importance in the academic quarrels. In this direction, it is important that the administrators identify and manage these elements, which are classified under the concept of intellectual capital (IC) of the organization. This work presents a survey carried through with one hundred and eleven paulistans hotels, which evidenced the presence of the elements of the IC as the size of the hotels (small, medium and large) and to analyzed the attitudes of the managers about of these elements. The information and data had been collected from the application of a structuralized questionnaire available in a website. The data had been treated and analyzed statistically and the results found evidenced as main difference the fact of the small hotels support the capital human as component of its structure of IC more consistent, while that in the medium hotels have carried all the structure is in formation, in contrast of the great hotels, that keep a consistent structure.

by Mok Mo-Yin. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.iv / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.v / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Background --- p.2 / Literature Review --- p.10 / Chapter II. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.13 / Time of Measurement / Area Of Measurement --- p.13 / Measurement Tool and Sample --- p.15 / Design of Questionnaire --- p.15 / Chapter III. --- FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS --- p.17 / Response Rate --- p.17 / Characteristics Of The Survey Respondents --- p.17 / General Analysis Of The Results --- p.19 / Detailed Discussion Of Survey Results --- p.25 / Chapter IV. --- RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.30 / Chapter V. --- CONCLUSION --- p.33 / APPENDIX --- p.35 / REFERENCES --- p.50 / BIBLOGRAPHY --- p.51