Attirer les investissements directs étrangers (IDE) est l'une des préoccupations majeures des pouvoirs publics compte tenu des effets bénéfiques engendrés par leur présence dans un territoire donné. Afin d'inciter aux investissements ces pays ont adopté plusieurs mesures telles que l'investissement en capital humain. Cette thèse examiner l'importance du capital humain en tant que déterminant des investissements directs étrangers. Les données issues d'une enquête menée auprès d'un échantillon de 52 entreprises à participation étrangères implantées en Tunisie nous permettent, à l'aide d'un modèle économétrique de type logit, d'estimer la probabilité de réaliser un investissement étranger sous forme de création d'une nouvelle filiale afin d'identifier les facteurs d'attractivité ayant une dimension qualitative. Les résultats montrent qu'en dehors de la proximité géographique des pays de l'union européenne, d'un bon marché et de la présence d'un tissu local aussi bien d'entreprises du même secteur que d'autres secteurs, la décision d'installer une nouvelle filiale est liée positivement et significativement à la disponibilité d'une main-d'œuvre qualifiée. / Attracting Foreign Direct Investrnents (FDI) is one of the primary concerns of the public authorities on account of their positive effects on a given territory. In order to activate investments, those countries have adopted several measures such as investment in human capital. This doctoral thesis analyses the importance of the human capital as a determinant of the Foreign Direct Investments. A survey was led with a sample of 52 companies with foreign participation implanted in Tunisia. By means of an economic model of type logit, the data that have arisen from that survey allow us to estimate the probability of the realization of a foreign investment in the form of creation of a new subsidiary in order to identify the factors of attractiveness that have a qualitative dimension. The results show that - except the geographical nearness of the countries of the European Union, a good market and the presence of a local network, the decision to establish a new subsidiary is connected positively and significantly to the availability of a qualified workforce.

[pt] Em três ensaios sobre a formação de capital humano desde a gestação até a adolescência. Os dois primeiros ensaios utilizam o Coorte de Pelotas de 1993. O ensaio introdutório analisa a relação entre a renda familiar no nascimento, na infância tardia e no final da adolescência e variáveis que refletem o capital humano aos 18 anos. Nossos resultados mostram que a renda no nascimento, durante a infância e a adolescência, afetam a formação de capital humano. A estimativa aponta maiores impactos na infância e nos anos de nascimento. Estes são consistentes com a existência de restrições ao crédito familiares, que são particularmente fortes na infância. No segundo artigo, investigamos os determinantes de longo prazo do capital humano, desde o nascimento até o início da idade adulta. Usamos o modelo de formação de habilidades humanas de (1) para estimar uma função de produção de habilidades ao nascimento e aos 11 anos. Seguimos para medir como essas habilidades se combinam para produzir resultados de capital humano. Mostramos que os investimentos dos pais têm fortes efeitos em todas as nossas dimensões do desenvolvimento infantil e em todas as idades. Além disso, usamos mudanças exógenas na renda durante a gravidez para mostrar que choques de renda podem ter efeitos duradouros sobre as habilidades da criança e, portanto, sobre os níveis de capital humano adulto. Finalmente, nossos resultados mostram complementaridades entre investimentos parentais, habilidades parentais e habilidades infantis. O terceiro ensaio investiga o Chile Crece Contigo, uma política nacional de desenvolvimento da primeira infância implementada no Chile. A política é destinada a melhorar o desenvolvimento das crianças via ambiente familiar e as capacidades de cuidados dos pais. Nós estimamos uma função de produção de habilidades para coortes pré e pós-ChCC, e encontramos melhorias nas habilidades cognitivas e não cognitivas para crianças com menos de dois anos de idade e resultados mistos para crianças com mais de dois anos de idade. Este aumento de habilidades não são apenas associadas a níveis mais altos de investimento parental, mas também com um aumento no produto marginal médio desta variável a. / [en] This thesis consists of three essays on human capital formation from gestation to adolescence. The first two essays use the Pelotas 1993 Birth Cohort Study, from Pelotas, Brazil. The introductory essay looks at the relationship between household income at birth, late childhood, and late adolescence and variables that reflect human capital at age 18. Our results show that income at birth, during childhood and adolescence affect human capital formation. The estimate points at highest impacts being felt at childhood and birth years. These are consistent with the existence of family borrowing constraints, which are particularly pervasive in earlier years. In the second article we investigate the long-term determinants of human capital, from birth until early adulthood. We use the human skill formation model of (1) to estimate a production function of abilities at birth and at age 11. We follow to measure how these abilities combine to produce human capital outcomes. We find that parental investments have strong effects on all our dimensions of child development and at all ages. Further, we use exogenous shifts in income during pregnancy to show that income shocks can have long lasting effects on child abilities and hence on adult human capital levels. Finally, our results show complementarities between parental investments, parental abilities and child abilities. The third essay investigates Chile Crece Contigo a national-scale early childhood development policy implemented in Chile. The policy intended to improve children s development by enhancing their family environment and parents childcare abilities. We estimate a production function of skills for pre- and post-ChCC cohorts, and find improvements in cognitive and non-cognitive skills for children under two years of age, and mixed results for children over two years of age. The increased abilities are not only associated with higher levels of parental investment but also with an increase in the average marginal product of this variable a.

Orientador: Johan Hendrik Poker Junior / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T13:12:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_SilasFerreiraReisde_M.pdf: 1466220 bytes, checksum: 781775ebb21394d361b2c05def677f90 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: As organizações na atualidade necessitam ser eficientes no investimento e gestão dos recursos internos estratégicos para serem competitivas no contexto da globalização. Um dos recursos organizacionais é o capital intelectual, que pode ser entendido como a somatória do conhecimento na organização que agrega valor, e que segundo alguns autores é composto pelo capital humano, estrutural e relacional. Assim é importante a sua mensuração, uma vez que é um recurso que pode ser aprimorado, propiciando melhor retorno pelo seu investimento. No estudo foi utilizado para mensuração do capital intelectual o modelo VAIC¿ que utiliza dados contábeis para a mensuração da eficiência do capital intelectual na criação de valor. A pesquisa teve como objetivo geral estimar a distribuição de retorno na margem de criação de valor do investimento nos componentes do capital intelectual na base amostral empregada. Para avaliar a margem de criação de valor foi utilizada a diferença entre o ROIC e o WACC. Foram utilizados na pesquisa dados disponibilizados no Balanço Social IBASE, no demonstrativo de valor adicionado (DVA) e na base Thomson Reuters, em uma observação não balanceada entre 1998 e 2012 sobre 48 empresas em sua maioria de capital intensiva no Brasil. No estudo foi utilizada a técnica da regressão multivariada de dados em painel para avaliar a influência do investimento no capital intelectual em retorno na margem de criação de valor para a base amostral. Também o estudo utilizou a Simulação de Monte Carlo para extrapolar a distribuição dos componentes do capital intelectual. Como resultado foi possível concluir que as empresas da base amostral têm a possibilidade de aumentar a margem em criação de valor, ou seja, a margem entre o ROIC e o WACC, através do investimento no capital humano. Isso ocorre porque há um melhor retorno pelo investimento nas pessoas da organização (HCE), do que o investimento no capital estrutural (SCE) na base amostral. Também foi obtido como resultado no estudo, ao empregar a simulação de Monte Carlo, uma probabilidade de 38,99% de o retorno do investimento no capital intelectual ser negativo. Dessa maneira é importante para as empresas a aplicação de técnicas de controle, como programas de melhoria contínua da qualidade, objetivando reduzir o risco do investimento no capital intelectual sobre a criação de valor. Esta pesquisa pode ser considerada como um estudo inicial sobre o uso de modelos de pesquisa operacional para mensuração de capital intelectual no Brasil / Abstract: Organizations nowadays need to be efficient in investment and management of strategic internal resources to be competitive in the context of globalization. One of organizational resources is the intellectual capital that can be understood as the sum of knowledge in the organization that aggregate value, and according to some authors is composed of human, structural and relational capital. Therefore it is important its mensuration, because it is a resource that can be improved, providing better return for its investment. In study was used the VAIC¿ model to measure the intellectual capital, that uses accounting data to measure the efficiency of intellectual capital in creating value. The research had as main objective to estimate the distribution of return in margin of value creation on investment in the components of intellectual capital on the employed sample basis. To assess the value creation margin was used the difference between ROIC and WACC. Were used in the research data available on the IBASE Social Balance, the value added statement (DVA) and Thomson Reuters base, in an unbalanced observation between 1998 and 2012 about 48 companies mostly capital intensive in Brazil. In the study was used the technique of multivariate regression analysis of panel data to evaluate the influence of investment in intellectual capital of return on margin of value creation for the employed sample basis. Also the study used the Monte Carlo Simulation to extrapolate the distribution of the components of intellectual capital. As a result it was concluded that the companies in the sample basis have the possibility to increase the margin on value creation, in other words, the margin between ROIC and WACC by investing in human capital. This happen because there is a better return by investing in people of organization (HCE), than investing in structural capital (SCE) on the sample basis. It was also obtained as a result of the study, by employing a Monte Carlo simulation, a probability of 38.99% of the return on investment in intellectual capital be negative. Thus, is important for companies to apply control techniques, such as continuous quality improvement programs aimed to reducing the risk of investment in intellectual capital on value creation. This research can be considered as an initial study on the use of operational research models to measure intellectual capital in Brazil / Mestrado / Pesquisa Operacional / Mestre em Pesquisa Operacional

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Selon le modèle théorique de la « RSE stratégique », la responsabilité sociale des entreprises, définie comme un investissement dans la qualité des relations avec les parties-prenantes stratégiques de l’entreprise, s’intègre dans la logique économique de l’entreprise. Partant de l’hypothèse d’une corrélation universellement positive entre RSE et FI, la question se pose du processus et du contexte par lesquels cette création de valeur s’effectue : si la RSE est un investissement rentable, peut-on expliquer pourquoi et comment ?La base de données Gaïa-Index mise à disposition par l’agence de notation RSE française EthiFinance permet d’étudier cette question sur une population d’entreprises françaises cotées de taille moyenne (N=230) durant la période 2011-2013. Les résultats sont en cohérence avec le consensus théorique et empirique sur la RSE stratégique et montrent que le « facteur humain » est un élément fondamental du processus de création de valeur permettant d’associer performance RSE et performance financière. / According to the strategic CSR theory, corporate social responsibility « CSR », defined as an investment in the quality of relationships with strategic stakeholders, is consistent with the economic goals of the firm. A universal positive correlation between CSR performance and financial performance is hypothesized that raises questions about the process and contingencies through which value creation occurs: if CSR investment is beneficial, can we explain why and how?The Gaïa-Index database, provided by EthiFinance French CSR rating agency covering 230 french small and middle capitalizations from 2011 to 2013 is analyzed to address the research question. The results are consistent with theorical and empirical consensus and the “human factor” is pointed out as a critical determinant in the positive relationship associating CSR and financial performance.

Background: The football industry has been rapidly evolving. The value of transfer market has increased astronomically, thus sealing a transfer deal has become pricy. In the meantime, the gap between rich and low budget clubs keeps increasing. UEFA released new regulations called “Financial Fair Play” (FFP), which aims to curb financial differences amongst football clubs. Hence, football clubs adopted new entrepreneurial approaches such as scouting and youth academies to improve their financial situation. Purpose: The main objective of this paper is to understand football teams’ entrepreneurial reaction towards FFP. The purpose is to examine the strategies of value creation from human capital like talented young players, in terms of scouting and youth academy, and explain the relationship between football and entrepreneurship in context of the business model framework. Method: The research is conducted by secondary data collection through online resources. We used the secondary data analysis method to analyze our data and carried out a representative case study based on the theoretical framework of this master thesis on two football clubs, AFC Ajax and Borussia Dortmund, to understand the problem more comprehensively. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the FFP regulations affected the entrepreneurial structure of football clubs. The data suggest that both clubs intensified their scouting and youth academy activities, as a result they generated more transfer revenue through selling the players that they recruited at their youth academies or scouted. Hence, this new entrepreneurial approach that the football clubs adopted provided a significant benefit for them. We call this concept that football meets entrepreneurship as “Footballpreneurship”.

Thesis advisor: Vincent Cho / Oftentimes, during the transition of key leadership positions in the public school district setting, multi-year initiatives and core values are disrupted as a new leader assumes their role. The purpose of this research is to examine how district leaders leverage a proactive approach to planning for transitions in key leadership positions. This dissertation used a case study of an urban district with a stated core value of equity to examine the approach of assessing, selecting, developing, and promoting future leaders. Through document reviews, meeting observations, and 14 interviews, this study examines the transition of key leadership positions within the district by addressing the following research question: How do the practices of district leaders foster equity through planning for future changes in leadership? Using the framework of succession planning, findings of the study included the complexities of the district’s approach to planning for future human capital needs in alignment with the values of equity, through both existing strategies and the goals of a new superintendent. Additionally, the bar was raised for initiatives to develop talent from within the organization as pipeline programs were re-emphasized and meeting the needs of students and families were prioritized. Finally, the district aspired to sustain these efforts through systemic equity and a recommitment to ensuring linguistic, cultural, and ethnic diversity among leadership positions. This case study suggests the complex nature of organizational change and the importance of coherence in supporting the vision of the district during periods of leadership transition. / Thesis (EdD) — Boston College, 2020. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Educational Leadership and Higher Education.

Stakeholders in Education are concerned with the continuous low enrolment of girls in schoolin Northern Nigeria. Studies have shown that religion has had a negative impact on schoolenrolment of girls. The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the relationshipbetween religion and school enrolment of girls. The study also investigated other factors thataffect enrolment of girls in school in northern Nigeria. The theoretical framework for thestudy was Adam Smith’s Human Capital Development Theory. Results of research showed asignificant relationship between education and five variables (Religion, culture, poverty,violence, and poor policy implementation) which hinder increase in enrolment. Findings maybe used to develop strategies to increase enrolment of girls in school in the future.

This dissertation explores (i) the determinants of executive selection in the international labor market, (ii) how these determinants shift relative to economic and institutional conditions, and (iii) how they differ for various functional roles. Using regression-based analysis and competitive assignment matching models, I examined executive appointment patterns in the subsidiaries of global banks located in Central & Eastern Europe between 2005 and 2012. The setting and timeframe not only yielded a heterogeneous sample of executive appointments under a variety of environmental conditions but also provided the opportunity to study the impact of financial shocks in the environment and/or the subsidiary network on executive succession during and in the aftermath of the Financial Crisis of 2008. The results indicate that there exists a substantial difference in appointment strategies by functional role, which remains intact regardless of the level of environmental uncertainty present in the subsidiary market. In examining the entire subsidiary executive team, the results of the two-sided competitive assignment matching model show that firm-specific human capital is the dominant determinant of an executive appointment during an economic upswing, but during an economic downturn firm-specific human capital is nearly four times weaker in driving an executive—subsidiary match than general human capital. Upon limiting the sample to just subsidiary CEOs, I find that while broad economic shocks and subsidiary-specific performance shocks both incite CEO turnover, they prompt different preferences for successors' human capital attributes. Specifically, country-wide economic crisis promotes a preference for local human capital, while performance shocks limited to the subsidiary are associated with a preference for expatriate human capital and for successors with broad international experience.

The diploma thesis deals with a proposal for the development of a remuneration system in a selected company using the concept of total remuneration. In the first part, a factual research is used to describe the theory for a better understanding of the issue. The second part includes an analysis of the selected company in terms of internal and external influences. The third part presents suggestions for change, including an economic evaluation of costs and benefits.