No description available.

As agrarian society developed, the most fertile soils able to sustain the nutritional requirements needed for high crop yield were assigned to farming, while the more penurious soils were left to uphold the forest ecosystems. Some temperate forests are developed on acidic soils considered to be nutrient poor, as much of the inorganic nutrients are entrapped in poorly weatherable soil minerals and not easily accessed by plant roots. In an undisturbed ecosystem, the largest contribution of available nutrients comes from the recycling of organically bound nutrients via the decomposition of dead plant material. If biomass is removed, for instance with a more intensified exploitation of the forest ecosystems including whole tree harvesting, this source of nutrients is consequently decreased. The importance of soil mineral weathering as a source of nutrients, and especially that promoted by soil biota, is thereby emphasized. This thesis addresses biotic parameters associated with mineral weathering. Different aspects of soil solution sampling strategies and analysis of different organic ligands as well as biomarkers for the estimation of fungal biomass were investigated. These chemical parameters were also evaluated as indicators of microbial activity in relation to mineral nutrient availability in soil. With the assumption that the current nutrient status of a soil will affect the microbial interest of certain minerals as sources of inorganic nutrients, a mineral amendment trial was performed in a Swedish boreal forest soil. Overall, the amended soil presented good nutrient status, but with a possible shortage of iron. Due to this, it was hypothesized that the amended mineral with the highest iron content i.e. biotite would cause an elevation of microbial activity in its vicinity when compared to the bulk soil. The level of microbial activity in the vicinity of the amended minerals was evaluated via quantification of organic acids and siderophores, as well as estimation of fungal biomass and enzymatic activity. The highest microbial activity was measured for the O horizon of the investigated podzol, although nothing indicated an elevated association with the amended minerals. In the E horizon, however, elevation in microbial activity was observed in the vicinity of the biotite mineral when compared with bulk soil, although only a few of the investigated parameters differed significantly when evaluated separately.   To enable this study, a highly sensitive analytical method employing liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry was developed to quantify a number of hydroxamate siderophores. On-line pre-concentration enabled detection of these organic ligands in the pico-molar range – a necessity when analyzing natural samples. Furthermore, an analytical method was developed for the estimation of fungal biomass via quantification of chitin-derived glucosamine, which also employed liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Unlike currently available methods, the one presented in this thesis did not involve analyte derivatization, which resulted in high sample throughput while simultaneously avoiding complications involved with the additional derivatization procedure. The distribution of a group of organic ligands known as aromatic low molecular mass organic acids was also studied in a boreal forest podzol soil. Different sampling and samples preparation techniques, namely tension-lysimeters, soil centrifugation and liquid-soil extraction, were compared when analyzing soil solution components. Significant differences in analyte amount and species type were found between these sampling techniques. Some of the differences could be accounted for by variation in soil composition at different depths of the investigated podzol, but others could be attributed to structural differences within the studied analyte group. This clearly illustrated the intricacy of sampling and analysis when working with a sample matrix as complex and diverse as soil. As previously, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry was used to quantify the analytes of interest. A highly sensitive analytical method was developed that was able to detect eleven aromatic low molecular mass organic acids in the nano-molar range. High selectivity was ensured by applying multiple reaction monitoring enabled by collision induced fragmentation of the analytes. / FORE

Isocyanates, aromatic-, aliphatic- and alkanolamines are commonly used in the industry today. Millions of workers in Europe are exposed. The most frequent health symptoms are respiratory and dermal disorder. Due to the health risk most of the compounds in this thesis are regulated by authorities and have occupational exposure limits (OELs). Consequently, reliable and robust air sampling methods are urgently needed. In this thesis dry samplers for isocyanates, aliphatic- and alkanolamines have been developed and evaluated. The isocyanate sampler is now a commercial product (ASSET EZ4-NCP Dry Sampler, Supelco). The samplers were based on a denuder with a filter in series. The denuder and filter were impregnated with di-n-butylamine for the isocyanate sampler and with sulphuric acid for the aliphatic- and alkanolamine sampler. The robustness of the dry samplers was extensively evaluated. This was performed in a climate chamber containing a controlled atmosphere of the studied compounds. New methods based on hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MSMS) were developed for determination of aromatic-, aliphatic- and alkanolamines in aqueous solutions. Isocyanates were determined by reversed-phase liquid chromatography MSMS. HILIC in combination with MS is a most powerful system, and highly sensitive determinations, several orders of magnitude below the OELs, of polar compounds present in the work environment can be accomplished. The selected samplers enable sampling during short sampling times and for whole work shifts. The samplers can be stored for months before and after sampling. The performance of the samplers was unaffected by variation in temperature, humidity, flow-rate and pre- and post-sampling of ambient air. Sampling for the compounds studied is now greatly simplified, and assessment of the work environment is facilitated. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defence the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Epub ahead of print; Papers 3-5: Manuscripts</p>

Biopharmaceuticals are becoming one of the most promising drugs on the market mainly due to their successful treatment of a vast array of serious diseases, such as cancers, immune disorders, and infections. Structurally, biopharmaceuticals are proteins and it is important to mention that more than 60 % of biopharmaceuticals are glycosylated. Glycosylation is one of the most common posttranslational modifications. It is also the most demanding and the most complex posttranslational modification. The research showed that glycosylation can significantly impact on the safety, efficiency, and quality of the therapeutic glycoproteins. In the first part of the introduction of the present thesis, the development of the therapeutic glycoproteins and their classification were reviewed. Glycosylation process and nomenclature were also discussed. The second part of the introduction revealed current issues in the field of the production and the characterization of the therapeutic glycoproteins. In the context of the doctoral thesis, we introduced new approach, namely hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to a high-resolution mass spectrometer (HILIC-HR-MS) combined with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and classification through Soft Independent Modelling by Class Analogy (SIMCA) data treatment. Accordingly, N-glycans were first enzymatically released using peptide-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F) and reduced using sodium borohydride. Then those N-glycans were separated by HILIC and detected by HR-MS. PCA and SIMCA simplified interpretation of the MS data collected in the huge tables. PCA was applied to test whether it is possible to visualize N-glycosylation differences between samples and to help identifying within which N-glycans changes occurred. SIMCA, which is a more complex data analysis technique, was applied to build and validate a classification models. SIMCA was also applied to verify whether it is possible to use built models to classify real samples. Described approach enabled us to detect small changes in N-glycosylation of the therapeutic glycoproteins (a change of only 1% in relative glycan abundance). It was applied to assess changes in N-glycosylation of therapeutic glycoproteins. Accordingly, we tested N-glycosylation consistency between batches of infliximab, trastuzumab, and bevacizumab and monitored the N-glycosylation of bevacizumab over storage time in plastic syringes.Furthermore, we worked on the faster sample preparation technique, where online-solid-phase extraction (SPE)-LC was combined to the previously mentioned HILIC-MS-PCA/SIMCA method. Online-SPE-LC allowed us to faster the sample preparation in terms of avoiding time-consuming cleaning steps. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

No description available.

L’intérêt grandissant porté au cours de ces dix dernières années aux monolithes organiques pour des applications électroséparatives se justifie en partie par leur préparation aisée au sein de systèmes miniaturisés, le large choix des monomères précurseurs disponibles, ainsi que la possibilité d’ajuster les paramètres structuraux du matériau final par un contrôle judicieux des conditions opératoires. Au cours de ce travail, la synthèse de nouvelles phases monolithiques a été mise au point selon une stratégie en deux étapes. Dans une première étape, la copolymérisation radicalaire photo-initiée du Nacryloxysuccinimide avec le diméthacrylate d’éthylène glycol réalisée en présence de toluène, a permis l’élaboration de monolithes macroporeux réactifs et hautement perméables. La présence d’esters de succinimide dans la structure chimique du monolithe polymère a été mise à profit pour fonctionnaliser la surface du monolithe par des greffons de nature variée par réaction de substitution nucléophile faisant intervenir des dérivés aminés. Le choix judicieux des greffons a permis la mise au point rapide de phases stationnaires présentant des propriétés électrochromatographiques ciblées. Ainsi, le contrôle du caractère hydrophobe des supports obtenus par greffage d’alkylamines de taille variable a été mis en évidence par la séparation de dérivés benzéniques selon un mécanisme à polarité de phase inversée avec de très bonnes efficacités (200000 plateaux par mètre). L’utilisation de phases stationnaires monolithiques greffées par des sélecteurs aromatiques a été proposée comme alternative aux monolithes aliphatiques hydrophobes. La synthèse de monolithes organiques hydrophiles a été possible par la fonctionnalisation du support réactif par des alkyldiamines. La préparation d’une phase stationnaire chirale a été réalisée selon une approche originale de chimie click consistant à immobiliser un dérivé de cyclodextrine. Dans le but d’étendre l’application des monolithes à base de NAS au greffage de biomacromolécules, une nouvelle matrice monolithique incorporant dans sa structure chimique un co-monomère hydrophile a été élaborée. Les résultats préliminaires ont montré que l’augmentation du caractère hydrophile du squelette monolithique permet d’accroître sensiblement la réactivité des esters de Nhydroxysuccinimide en milieu aqueux / The continuously growing interest observed over the past ten years in the field of organic monoliths dedicated to electroseparation applications is mainly due to their easy preparation methods which are also well-suited to the development of miniaturized systems, the wide range of available monomers and the possibility of tuning the structural parameters of the final material by a judicious control of the synthesis conditions. In the present work, the synthesis of new monolithic stationary phases has been developed using a two-stage strategy. In a first step, the photo-initiated free radical copolymerization of Nacryloxysuccinimide with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate was performed in the presence of toluene allowing the preparation of reactive and macroporous monoliths with high permeability properties. The presence of succinimide esters in the chemical structure of the polymer monolith was used to functionalize the surface of the monolith by various grafts through nucleophilic substitution reaction involving amino derivatives. The judicious choice of the grafts permits the fast development of stationary phases with target electrochromatographic properties. Indeed, the tuning of the hydrophobic nature of the monolithic materials was obtained by the grafting of varied alkylamines and was demonstrated by the separation of benzene derivatives by reversed phase mechanism with very good efficiencies (200 000 plates per meter). The use of monolithic stationary phases grafted with aromatic selectors has been proposed as an alternative to the aliphatic-grafted hydrophobic monoliths. The synthesis of organic hydrophilic monoliths was possible by functionalization of the reactive support by alkyldiamines. The preparation of a chiral stationary phase was performed using an original click chemistry approach involving the immobilization of a cyclodextrin derivative. With the aim to extend the application range of NAS-based monoliths to the grafting of biomacromolecules for selective capture and enzymatic digestion applications, a new monolithic matrix incorporating in its chemical structure a hydrophilic comonomer was prepared. Preliminary results showed that the increase in the hydrophilic character of the polymeric skeleton allows increasing significantly the reactivity of N-hydroxysuccinimide esters in aqueous medium

The objective of this research is to develop and apply a HILIC UHPLC stationary phase that allows for separation of intact glycoproteins. In Chapter 1 I give an overview of the problems of current glycosylation profiling with regards to biotherapeutics, and my strategy to separate the intact glycoprotein with HILIC. Chapter 2 describes the methods used to produce the nonporous packing material and stationary phase. In Chapter 3 I describe previous work in developing a HILIC polyacrylamide stationary phase, and further improvements I have made. Chapter 4 describes development of an assay in collaboration with Genentech of therapeutic mAb glycosylation. In Chapter 5, I show HILIC-MS of digested ribonuclease B as a beginning step to analyze glycosylated biomarkers.

A esquizofrenia é um transtorno neuropsiquiátrico crônico que afeta aproximadamente 1% da população mundial. As teorias neurobiológicas descrevem que a esquizofrenia é essencialmente causada por alterações bioquímicas e estruturais do cérebro, devido às disfunções nos sistemas glutamatérgico, dopaminérgico e serotoninérgico. Desta forma, a determinação das concentrações de aminoácidos e neurotransmissores em amostras de plasma de pacientes esquizofrênicos pode auxiliar na avaliação da eficácia da terapia. Além dos antipsicóticos, medicação de primeira linha no tratamento inicial da esquizofrenia, a maioria dos pacientes também faz uso concomitante de outras classes de fármacos, tais como antidepressivos, anticonvulsivantes e ansiolíticos para minimizar os sintomas associados a esta doença. Nesta tese, um método empregando a precipitação de proteínas (PPT) e a cromatografia líquida por interação hidrofílica acoplada à espectrometria de massas em tandem (HILIC-MS/MS) foi adequadamente desenvolvido e validado para a determinação de aminoácidos (aspartato, serina, glicina, alanina, metionina, leucina, tirosina e triptofano) e neurotransmissores (glutamato e ácido -aminobutírico) em amostras de plasma de 35 pacientes esquizofrênicos em tratamento com clozapina (27 pacientes) e olanzapina (8 pacientes) para avaliar a eficácia do tratamento, tendo como controle 38 voluntários sadios. O método HILIC-MS/MS apresentou linearidade do LIQ (9,7 pmol mL-1 - 13,3 nmol mL-1) ao LSQ (19,4 nmol mL-1 - 800 nmol mL-1), tempo de análise de 3,0 min, exatidão com EPR de -18 a 19% e precisão com CV de 0,1 a 16% (LIQ). A análise de variância (ANOVA), seguida por teste post-hoc de Duncan, revelou que os níveis médios plasmáticos (nmol mL-1) de metionina (F2,70 = 3,14, p = 0,049) de pacientes esquizofrênicos em tratamento com olanzapina foram significativamente mais elevados, quando comparados aos valores obtidos com o grupo controle (voluntários saudáveis), já o nível de glutamato em pacientes esquizofrênicos em tratamento com clozapina apresentaram tendência a valores mais altos (F2.70 = 2,50, p = 0,090). Já os métodos, PPT/LC-MS/MS e LC-MS/MS no modo column switching utilizando uma coluna monolítica de sílica híbrida com grupos cianopropil na primeira dimensão, foram desenvolvidos e validados para a determinação dos antipsicóticos (olanzapina, quetiapina, clozapina, haloperidol e clorpromazina), antidepressivos (mirtazapina, paroxetina, citalopram, sertralina, imipramina, clomipramina e fluoxetina), anticonvulsivantes (carbamazepina e lamotrigina), e ansiolíticos (diazepam e clonazepam) em amostras de plasma de pacientes esquizofrênicos para fins de monitorização terapêutica. O método PPT/LC-MS/MS apresentou linearidade do LIQ (0,2 ng mL-1 - 5,0 ng mL-1) ao LSQ (40,5 ng mL-1 - 10,5 g mL-1), exatidão com EPR de -9,7 a 8,0%, e precisão com CV de 0,1 a 12%. Já o método LC-MS/MS no modo column switching apresentou linearidade do LIQ (63,0 pg mL-1 - 1250,0 pg mL-1) ao LSQ (40,5 ng mL-1 - 10,5 g mL-1), exatidão com EPR de -14 a 12% e precisão com CV de 0,6 a 6,5%. A pré-concentração seletiva dos fármacos na coluna monolítica com grupos cianopropil incorporados e a remoção dos componentes endógenos da amostra biológica, antes da separação cromatográfica, favoreceram a seletividade e detectabilidade do método LC-MS/MS no modo column switching. Este método quando comparado ao de referência PPT/LC-MS/MS, através da análise de 10 amostras de pacientes esquizofrênicos, não apresentou diferença significativa (teste t) entre as concentrações plasmáticas, podendo ser aplicado na monitorização terapêutica. Além deste fato, este método automatizado favoreceu a precisão, a exatidão e a freqüência analítica. / Schizophrenia is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder that affects approximately 1% of the world population. According to neurobiological theories, schizophrenia stems from biochemical and structural alterations in the brain due to dysfunction in the glutamatergic, dopaminergic, and serotonergic systems. Determining the concentrations of amino acids and neurotransmitters in plasma samples from schizophrenic patients may assist evaluation of therapy effectiveness. In addition to antipsychotics (the first-line drug in the initial treatment of schizophrenia), most patients concomitantly use other classes of drugs such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and anxiolytics to minimize the symptoms associated with this disease. To evaluate treatment efficacy, in this thesis a method based on protein precipitation (PPT) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) has been properly developed and validated to determine amino acids (aspartate, serine, glycine, alanine, methionine, leucine, tyrosine, and tryptophan) and neurotransmitters (glutamate and -aminobutyric acid) in plasma samples obtained from 35 schizophrenia patients treated with clozapine (27 patients) or olanzapine (8 patients); 38 healthy volunteers served as controls. The HILIC-MS/MS method was linear for concentrations ranging from the LLOQ (9.7 pmol mL-1 - 13.3 nmol mL-1) to the ULOQ (19.4 nmol mL-1 - 800 nmol mL-1). The analysis time was 3.0 min. In the case of accuracy, RSE ranged from -18 to 19%. As for precision, CV lay between 0.1 and 16% (LLOQ). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc Duncan showed that the average methionine serum levels (nmol mL-1) (F2.70 = 3.14, p = 0.049) in schizophrenic patients treated with olanzapine were significantly higher as compared with the control group (healthy volunteers). The glutamate level in schizophrenic patients treated with clozapine tended to higher values (F2.70 = 2.50, p = 0.090). Concerning the analytical methods, PPT/LC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS operating in the column-switching mode were developed and validated to determine antipsychotic (olanzapine, quetiapine, clozapine, haloperidol, and chlorpromazine), antidepressants (mirtazapine, paroxetine, citalopram, sertraline, imipramine, clomipramine, and fluoxetine), anticonvulsants (carbamazepine and lamotrigine), and anxiolytics (diazepam and clonazepam) in plasma samples taken from schizophrenic patients for therapeutic drug monitoring. A monolithic hybrid column containing silica with cyanopropyl groups in the first dimension was employed. The PPT/LC-MS/MS method was linear from the LLOQ (0.2 ng mL-1 - 5.0 ng mL-1) to the ULOQ (40.5 ng mL-1 - 10.5 g mL-1). In the case of accuracy, RSE ranged from -9.7 to 8.0%; as for precision, CV lay between 0.1 and 12%. LC-MS/MS in the column-switching mode was linear from the LLOQ (63.0 pg mL-1 - 1250.0 pg mL-1) to the ULOQ (40.5 ng mL-1 - 10.5 g mL-1). RSE ranged from -14 to 12%; CV lay between 0.6 and 6.5%. The drugs were selectively pre-concentrated in the monolithic column containing silica incorporated with cyanopropyl groups. For the LC-MS/MS method operating in the column-switching mode, the endogenous components of the biological sample of the LC-MS/MS method were removed before analysis. Analysis of 10 plasma samples obtained from schizophrenic patients did not reveal any significant differences (t test) between the LC-MS/MS method and the reference PPT/LC-MS/MS method. Therefore, LC-MS/MS can be applied in therapeutic monitoring, with the advantage that this method offers improved precision, accuracy, and analytical frequency.

La cellulose et ses dérivés sont utilisés dans un vaste nombre d’applications incluant le domaine pharmaceutique pour la fabrication de médicaments en tant qu’excipient. Différents dérivés cellulosiques tels que le carboxyméthylcellulose (CMC) et l’hydroxyéthylcellulose (HEC) sont disponibles sur le commerce. Le degré de polymérisation et de modification diffèrent énormément d’un fournisseur à l’autre tout dépendamment de l’origine de la cellulose et de leur procédé de dérivation, leur conférant ainsi différentes propriétés physico-chimiques qui leurs sont propres, telles que la viscosité et la solubilité. Notre intérêt est de développer une méthode analytique permettant de distinguer la différence entre deux sources d’un produit CMC ou HEC. L’objectif spécifique de cette étude de maitrise était l’obtention d’un profil cartographique de ces biopolymères complexes et ce, par le développement d’une méthode de digestion enzymatique donnant les oligosaccharides de plus petites tailles et par la séparation de ces oligosaccharides par les méthodes chromatographiques simples. La digestion fut étudiée avec différents paramètres, tel que le milieu de l’hydrolyse, le pH, la température, le temps de digestion et le ratio substrat/enzyme. Une cellulase de Trichoderma reesei ATCC 26921 fut utilisée pour la digestion partielle de nos échantillons de cellulose. Les oligosaccharides ne possédant pas de groupements chromophores ou fluorophores, ils ne peuvent donc être détectés ni par absorbance UV-Vis, ni par fluorescence. Il a donc été question d’élaborer une méthode de marquage des oligosaccharides avec différents agents, tels que l’acide 8-aminopyrène-1,3,6-trisulfonique (APTS), le 3-acétylamino-6-aminoacridine (AA-Ac) et la phénylhydrazine (PHN). Enfin, l’utilisation de l’électrophorèse capillaire et la chromatographie liquide à haute performance a permis la séparation des produits de digestion enzymatique des dérivés de cellulose. Pour chacune de ces méthodes analytiques, plusieurs paramètres de séparation ont été étudiés. / Cellulose and its derivatives are used in a wide range of applications, including the pharmaceutical industry for the manufacturing of medicines as inactive additives. Various cellulosic derivatives such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) are readily available for such use. The degree of polymerization and modification differs from one supplier to the other, according to the origin of the cellulose and its process of chemical modification, conferring on them different physico-chemical properties, such as viscosity and solubility. Our interest is to develop an analytical method that can distinguish between different sources of a given CMC or HEC product. The specific objective of this master’s study was to obtain a fingerprint of these complex biopolymers by developing an enzymatic digestion method to produce smaller oligosaccharides that could be separated by simple chromatographic methods. The digestion was studied as a function of various parameters, such as the composition of the hydrolysis solution, the pH, the temperature, the duration of digestion and the substrate/enzyme ratio. A cellulase enzyme from Trichoderma reesei ATCC 26921 was used for the partial digestion of our samples of cellulose. Since these oligosaccharides do not possess a chromophore or fluorophore, they can’t be detected either by absorbance or fluorescence. It was thus necessary to work out the labeling method for oligosaccharides using various agents, such as 8-aminopyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (APTS), 3-acetylamino-6-aminoacridine (AA-Ac) and phenylhydrazine (PHN). Finally, the use of capillary electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography allowed the separation of the enzymatic digestion products of the cellulose derivatives (CMC and HEC). For each of these analytical separation techniques, several parameters of the separation were studied.

La cellulose et ses dérivés sont utilisés dans un vaste nombre d’applications incluant le domaine pharmaceutique pour la fabrication de médicaments en tant qu’excipient. Différents dérivés cellulosiques tels que le carboxyméthylcellulose (CMC) et l’hydroxyéthylcellulose (HEC) sont disponibles sur le commerce. Le degré de polymérisation et de modification diffèrent énormément d’un fournisseur à l’autre tout dépendamment de l’origine de la cellulose et de leur procédé de dérivation, leur conférant ainsi différentes propriétés physico-chimiques qui leurs sont propres, telles que la viscosité et la solubilité. Notre intérêt est de développer une méthode analytique permettant de distinguer la différence entre deux sources d’un produit CMC ou HEC. L’objectif spécifique de cette étude de maitrise était l’obtention d’un profil cartographique de ces biopolymères complexes et ce, par le développement d’une méthode de digestion enzymatique donnant les oligosaccharides de plus petites tailles et par la séparation de ces oligosaccharides par les méthodes chromatographiques simples. La digestion fut étudiée avec différents paramètres, tel que le milieu de l’hydrolyse, le pH, la température, le temps de digestion et le ratio substrat/enzyme. Une cellulase de Trichoderma reesei ATCC 26921 fut utilisée pour la digestion partielle de nos échantillons de cellulose. Les oligosaccharides ne possédant pas de groupements chromophores ou fluorophores, ils ne peuvent donc être détectés ni par absorbance UV-Vis, ni par fluorescence. Il a donc été question d’élaborer une méthode de marquage des oligosaccharides avec différents agents, tels que l’acide 8-aminopyrène-1,3,6-trisulfonique (APTS), le 3-acétylamino-6-aminoacridine (AA-Ac) et la phénylhydrazine (PHN). Enfin, l’utilisation de l’électrophorèse capillaire et la chromatographie liquide à haute performance a permis la séparation des produits de digestion enzymatique des dérivés de cellulose. Pour chacune de ces méthodes analytiques, plusieurs paramètres de séparation ont été étudiés. / Cellulose and its derivatives are used in a wide range of applications, including the pharmaceutical industry for the manufacturing of medicines as inactive additives. Various cellulosic derivatives such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) are readily available for such use. The degree of polymerization and modification differs from one supplier to the other, according to the origin of the cellulose and its process of chemical modification, conferring on them different physico-chemical properties, such as viscosity and solubility. Our interest is to develop an analytical method that can distinguish between different sources of a given CMC or HEC product. The specific objective of this master’s study was to obtain a fingerprint of these complex biopolymers by developing an enzymatic digestion method to produce smaller oligosaccharides that could be separated by simple chromatographic methods. The digestion was studied as a function of various parameters, such as the composition of the hydrolysis solution, the pH, the temperature, the duration of digestion and the substrate/enzyme ratio. A cellulase enzyme from Trichoderma reesei ATCC 26921 was used for the partial digestion of our samples of cellulose. Since these oligosaccharides do not possess a chromophore or fluorophore, they can’t be detected either by absorbance or fluorescence. It was thus necessary to work out the labeling method for oligosaccharides using various agents, such as 8-aminopyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (APTS), 3-acetylamino-6-aminoacridine (AA-Ac) and phenylhydrazine (PHN). Finally, the use of capillary electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography allowed the separation of the enzymatic digestion products of the cellulose derivatives (CMC and HEC). For each of these analytical separation techniques, several parameters of the separation were studied.