Bakgrund: För varje år ökar antalet personer i Sverige som får en stomi. Olika sjukdomar och orsaker kan leda till en ileostomi som kan antingen vara tillfällig eller permanent. Sjuksköterskan har ett ansvar för patienter med ileostomi genom att ge omvårdnad, utbildning och information av hög kvalité. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa patienters upplevelser av att ha en ileostomi. Metod: Genomförandet av litteraturstudien skedde med induktiv ansats. Resultatartiklar av både kvalitativ och kvantitativ metod användes för att bilda resultatet. Olika teman formades som delades upp i kategorier. Resultat: Resultatet bildade tre kategorier som belyste patienters upplevelser av en ileostomi: “Stomins inverkan på det fysiska välbefinnandet”, “Stomins inverkan på det psykiska välbefinnandet” och “Stomins inverkan på det sociala välbefinnandet”. Ileostomin hade en stor påverkan på patienters liv och anpassningsförmågan kunde se olika ut från individ till individ. Patienterna upplevde att det var viktigt med emotionellt stöd från närstående och hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal. Konklusion: Patienter med ileostomi behöver en ständig uppföljning av hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal. Stöd och information kan hjälpa patienterna att hantera och anpassa sig till sin ileostomi lättare. / Background: The number of people with a stoma increases for every year. Various diseases and causes can lead to an ileostomy, whether it is temporary or permanent. The nurse has a responsibility for patients with ileostomy by providing high quality nursing care, education and information. Aim: The aim was to highlight patient’s experiences with having an ileostomy. Method: The implementation of the literature study took place with an inductive approach. Result articles with both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to form the result. Various themes were formed which were divided into categories. Results: The result formed three categories that highlighted patients' experiences of an ileostomy: “The impact of ostomy on physical well-being”, “The impact of ostomy on psychological well-being” and “The impact of ostomy on social well-being”. The ileostomy had a major impact on patients' lives and the ability to adapt to it could look different from individual to individual. The patients felt that it was important to have emotional support from relatives and healthcare professionals. Conclusion: Patients with an ileostomy need constant follow-up by healthcare professionals. Support and information can help patients manage and adapt easier to their ileostomy.

Bakgrund Skada eller sjukdom i mag- och tarmkanalen kan leda till att det utsatta området av tarmen behöver avlastas, varav en stomi appliceras, antingen tillfälligt eller permanent. Stomin ersätter kroppens naturliga tarmfunktion vilket gör att patienten förhoppningsvis kan fortsätta leva ett obehindrat liv.   Syfte  Syftet med litteraturstudien är att undersöka hur patienters upplevda livskvalitet påverkas av tarmstomier.   Metod I denna deskriptiva litteraturstudie användes kvalitativa originalartiklar, tagna från databaser som PubMed och CINAHL. Artiklarna granskades enligt “bedömning av studier med kvalitativ metodik” och avgjorde artiklarnas risk för bias. Vid analys av resultatet användes analysmodellen av Popenoe, där teman skapades och lade grunden för resultatets struktur.  Resultat Fem kategorier identifierades. Dessa beskriver hur individen upplevde sin livskvalitet. Kontroll över sitt liv innebar hur deltagarna behövde planera sitt liv efter stomin. Emotionellt välbefinnande involverade oro, ångest och depression orsakat av läckage, förändrad kroppsbild och rädsla för exponering. Socialt välbefinnande beskrevs som isolering på grund av stomins främmande roll och det materiella välbefinnandet påverkades av förändrade jobbsituationer. Många av deltagarna i studierna upplevde att deras fysiska kapacitet försämrades efter deras stomioperation, vilket beskriver det fysiska välbefinnandet.   Slutsats Stomi är en stor livsförändring och kan påverka sin självbild, relationer och fysiska förmågor. Hur livskvaliteten påverkas beror på hur väl individen anpassar sig till sin stomi i relation till välbefinnandet. Att ha en god vårdkontakt kan eventuellt främja en god upplevelse av livskvalitet vilket innefattar möjligheten att kunna leva ett obehindrat liv. / Background Injury or disease in the gastrointestinal tract can lead to the need for the exposed area of the intestine to be surgically removed, of which a stoma is applied, either temporarily or permanently. The stoma replaces the body´s natural bowel function, which means that the patient hopefully can continue to live a normal life.  The aim The purpose of this literature study is to examine the perceived quality of lives affected by intestinal ostomies.  Method In this descriptive literature study, qualitative, original articles were taken from databases such as PubMed and CINAHL. When analyzing the results, the analysis of Popenoe was used, where themes were created which laid the foundation of the structure of the results. ResultsFive categories were identified. These described how the individual´s experienced their quality of life. The control over their lives described how the participants needed to plan their everyday lives after their stoma. Emotional well-being involved anxiety caused by leakage, altered body image and fear of exposure of the stoma. Social well-being was explained as isolation because of the stomata's foreign role, and material well-being was affected by changed job situations. Many of the participants in the studies, experienced physical capacity deteriorating after their stoma surgery, which describes their physical well-being.  Conclusion Having an ostomy is life-changing and can affect one's self–image, relationships and physical abilities. How the quality of life is affected depends on how well the individuals adapt to their stoma in relation to their well-being. Having a good care contact can possibly promote a good experience of the quality of life.

Yes / Background: Oral administration of purified omega-3 (ω-3) PUFAs is associated with changes to the fecal microbiome. However, it is not known whether this effect is associated with increased PUFA concentrations in the gut. Objectives: We investigated the luminal bioavailability of oral ω-3 PUFAs (daily dose 1 g EPA and 1g DHA free fatty acid equivalents as triglycerides in soft-gel capsules, twice daily) and changes to the gut microbiome, in the ileum. Methods: Ileostomy fluid (IF) and blood were obtained at baseline, after first capsule dosing (median 2 h), and at a similar time after final dosing on day 28, in 11 individuals (median age 63 y) with a temporary ileostomy. Fatty acids were measured by LC–tandem MS. The ileal microbiome was characterized by 16S rRNA PCR and Illumina sequencing. Results: There was a mean 6.0 ± 9.8-fold and 6.6 ± 9.6-fold increase in ileal EPA and DHA concentrations (primary outcome), respectively, at 28 d, which was associated with increased RBC ω-3 PUFA content (P ≤ 0.05). The first oral dose did not increase the ileal ω-3 PUFA concentration except in 4 individuals, who displayed high luminal EPA and DHA concentrations, which reduced to concentrations similar to the overall study population at day 28, suggesting physiological adaptation. Bacteroides, Clostridium, and Streptococcus were abundant bacterial genera in the ileum. Ileal microbiome variability over time and between individuals was large, with no consistent change associated with acute ω-3 PUFA dosing. However, high concentrations of EPA and DHA in IF on day 28 were associated with higher abundance of Bacteroides (r2 > 0.86, P < 0.05) and reduced abundance of other genera, including Actinomyces (r2 > 0.94, P < 0.05). Conclusions: Oral administration of ω-3 PUFAs leads to increased luminal ω-3 PUFA concentrations and changes to the microbiome, in the ileum of individuals with a temporary ileostomy.

The aims of the studies was to evaluate the short and long term effects on the development of parastomal hernia and stoma complications of a prophylactic prosthetic mesh placed in a sublay position at the index operation.  Also the purpose was to validate a definition of parastomal hernia at clinical examination and a method and a definition of parastomal hernia at CT-scan. In the first two studies 27 patients were randomized to a conventional stoma or to a stoma with the addition of a partly absorbable low weight large pore mesh in sublay position. Patients were examined after one and five years.  After five years the rate of parastomal hernia was 80% with a conventional stoma and 14% with the addition of a mesh.  A prophylactic mesh did not increase the rate of complications. In the third study a prophylactic mesh was intended at stoma formation in 93 consecutive patients in routine surgery. In 75 patients provided with a mesh the rate of parastomal hernia after one year was 13%. Complication rates were not increased in 19 severely contaminated wounds. In the fourth study 27 patients with ostomies were examined by tree surgeons and parastomal hernia was defined as any protrusion in the vicinity of the stoma. CT-scans with patients examined in the supine and prone positions were assessed by three radiologists. Herniation was then defined as any intra abdominal content protruding beyond peritoneum or the presence of a hernia sac. Kappa was 0.85 for surgeons and 0.85 for radiologists with CT-scan in the prone position. Kappa was 0.80 for surgeons and radiologists collectively, with CT-scan in the prone position. Four parastomal hernias detected at CT-scan in the prone position could not be detected in the supine position. A parastomal hernia diagnosed at clinical examination was always detected at CT-scan in the prone position. Conclusions: A prophylactic mesh placed in a sublay position at the index operation reduces the rate of parastomal hernia without increasing the rate of complications. Parastomal hernia should at clinical examination be defined as any protrusion in the vicinity of the stoma with the patient straining in the supine and erect positions.  At CT-scan, with the patient examined in the prone position, herniation should be defined as any intra abdominal content protruding beyond peritoneum or the presence of a hernia sac. / Embargo, publiceras 2011-05-01

Na atualidade, a ileostomia em alça é indicada para a proteção de anastomoses colorretais baixas ou colo-anais ou para a proteção de anastomoses íleo-anais em intervenções cirúrgicas de proctocolectomia total com confecção de bolsa ileal no tratamento cirúrgico das doenças inflamatórias intestinais, polipose adenomatosa familiar, tumores colorretais, doença diverticular e trauma. Índices de complicações elevados observados têm posto em dúvida o uso ampliado desse tipo de estoma apoiando-se em dados da literatura que, além de controversos, são originários de estudos retrospectivos de casuísticas pequenas. Outrossim, os dados na literatura brasileira são escassos. Assim, realizou-se estudo retrospectivo sobre resultados imediatos do fechamento de ileostomia em alça no período compreendido entre de março de 1991 e março de 2001, no Serviço de Cirurgia do Cólon Reto e Ânus do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. As variáveis consideradas foram ocorrência de complicações e o estado final do paciente (sem ileostomia ou não), correlacionadas com os dados do paciente, da doença que levou à confecção do estoma, dos tratamentos médicos e cirúrgicos anteriores e do próprio procedimento cirúrgico. Os testes estatísticos empregados foram o exato de Fisher para dados pontuais, o não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis para os dados temporais e, ao final, análise multivariada. O nível de significância foi de 95% (p<0,05). Foram estudados os prontuários de 131 doentes. Trinta e um apresentavam-se incompletos e, juntamente com três que foram submetidos a fechamento de ileostomia com anastomose mecânica, foram excluídos deste trabalho. A condição que motivou a ileostomia foi doença inflamatória em 73 casos (75,2%), neoplasia em 14,4%, polipose adenomatosa familial em 3% e outras doenças em 7,2%. O uso de corticóides foi assim distribuído: pacientes que nunca tomaram corticóide ?32 (32.9%), que faziam uso de corticóide há menos de 12 meses - quatro casos (4,1%), que faziam uso de corticóide há mais de 12 meses? 11 casos (11.3%), que fizeram uso de corticóide e que na época do fechamento da ileostomia usavam imunossupressor ou imunomodulador - nove casos (9,2%), pacientes que já tomaram corticóide e que interromperam o uso desta droga há menos de 12 meses - 31 (31.9%), e pacientes que já tomaram corticóde mas não faziam uso da droga há mais de 12 meses - 10 (10,3%). Na análise das somatórias das operações anteriores ao fechamento da ileostomia, houve a manipulação considerada menor em 65 casos (67%), e em 32 casos (32,9%) houve maior manipulação cirúrgica prévia ao fechamento da ileostomia. O período entre a confecção e o fechamento da ileostomia teve a mediana de 27 semanas (2 a 146 semanas). Cinqüenta e três pacientes sofreram preparo intestinal anterógrado pré-operatório (54,6%), quarenta não foram submetidos a nenhum tipo de preparo intestinal (41,2%), e quatro pacientes (4,1%) receberam preparo intestinal retrógrado Empregaram-se antibióticos em 91 dos casos (93,8%), dos quais 63 (64,9%) usaram-nos por curto período e 28 casos (28,8%) tiveram seus antibióticos usados.por mais tempo. Detalhes técnicos operatórios estudados compreenderam: 1) graduação do cirurgião, com 77 casos (79,3%) operados por cirurgiões experientes, dez pacientes (10,3%) operados por cirurgiões com pós-graduação concluída no nível de mestrado, e dez (10,3%) operados por equipe formada por médicos residentes e preceptores; 2) acesso cirúrgico por incisão periestomal (93 casos? 95,8%) ou laparotomia longitudinal (quatro casos- 4,1%); 3) ressecção do segmento ileal exteriorizado (nove casos- 9,2%) ou não (88 casos- 90.7%); 4) sutura intestinal contínua (78 casos- 80,4%) ou em pontos separados (19 indivíduos- 19,5%); 5) em um plano (setenta casos- 72,1%) ou dois planos (27 casos- 27,9%); 6) o tipo de fechamento da aponeurose da parede abdominal com sutura contínua empregada em 55 casos (56,7%) e sutura em pontos separados em 42 casos (43,2%). O índice de complicações gerais foi de 40,2% - 39 casos - (29,8% de resolução clínica e 10,3% cirúrgica). A mediana do período de internação dos pacientes foi de 12 dias. Ocorreram cinco casos de deiscência ou abscesso de parede abdominal, três casos de deiscência de anastomose intestinal, um de abscesso intracavitário (drenado cirurgicamente), um de fístula estercorácea, um de estenose da anastomose íleo-anal detectada no pós-operatório, um de insuficiência renal aguda, e um último apresentou vômitos persistentes. Não houve influência do sexo, da faixa etária, da doença que originou o estoma, da manipulação cirúrgica prévia, do emprego do preparo intestinal ou não e os aspectos técnicos operatórios nos índices de complicações. O uso de sutura contínua, apesar de reduzir o tempo cirúrgico (p=0,02), esteve associado a complicações (p=0,04). Por outro lado, o fechamento da aponeurose com sutura contínua, além de reduzir o tempo operatório (p=0,002), foi associada à menor índice de complicações (p=0,002). A realimentação nas primeiras 48 horas de pós-operatório associou-se a maior índice de complicações (p=0,054). O uso crônico de corticóides correlacionou-se com menor proporção de obstrução intestinal (p=0,04). Antibióticos em uso prolongado foram mais relacionados com as complicações (p=0,0001). A análise multivariada (regressão logística) verificou a relação em proporção direta entre o período desde a confecção até o fechamento da ileostomia e a ocorrência de complicações (odds ratio=1,02) e o modo do uso de antibióticos (odds ratio=30,36 para uso prolongado). Do exposto, concluiu-se que a doença e o porte da intervenção cirúrgica que levou à realização de ileostomia em alça não tiveram influência significativa no índice de complicações; que o uso crônico de corticóides gerou menor índice de ocorrência de obstrução intestinal; que o preparo intestinal para o fechamento de ileostomia pôde ser dispensado; que a sutura intestinal contínua associou-se a maior número de complicações; que a experiência do cirurgião responsável pelo fechamento da ileostomia não determinou maior número de complicações; que o tempo decorrido entre a confecção e o fechamento da ileostomia acrescentou maior risco de complicações a cada semana, e que a decisão do cirurgião quanto ao uso prolongado de antibióticos foi correlacionada com maior ocorrência de complicações / Loop ileostomies have been commonly used for diversion of fecal stream, in order to protect low colorectal, coloanal or íleo-anal anastomosis performed for a variety of primary diseases such as colorectal cancer (CRC), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), diverticular disease and trauma. However, high morbidity rates associated with this type of stoma have limited its wide spread use. This limitation is supported by controversial data, based mostly in retrospective studies with small number of patients. Moreover, national data on the subject is minimal. Therefore, a retrospective study was designed to determine immediate results of loop ileostomy closure in the period between March 1991 and March 2001, at the Colorectal Surgery Division of the Hospital das Clínicas University of São Paulo Medical School. Primary end-points included perioperative complication occurrence and final patient status (ileostomy-free or not). These events were correlated to patient demographic data, primary disease requiring loop ileostomy, previous medical treatment, previous operations and loop ileostomy closure characteristics. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher\'s exact test for categorical variables, Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test for temporal variables and multivariate analysis. P values of 0.05 or less were considered significant. One hundred and thirty-one patient\'s records were reviewed. Thirty-one patients with unavailable hospital records and three patients managed by mechanical stapled ileostomy closure technique were excluded from the study. Primary disease requiring loop ileostomy construction was IBD in 75.2%, CRC in 14.4%, FAP in 3% and others in 7.2% of the cases. Steroid use was classified into patients that have never used - 32 cases (32.9%), patients that have used only within the last 12 months - 4 cases (4.1%), patients that have used for more than 12 months - 11 cases (11.3%), patients that have used but are now under immunosupressors or immunomodulators - 9 cases (9.2%), patients that have used but are currently off steroids for less than 12 months - 31 cases (31.9%) and patients that have used but are currently off steroids for more than 12 months - 10 cases (10.3%). Previous operations included 4-quadrant procedures in 65 cases (67%) and five or more quadrants (multiple procedures) in 32 cases (32.9%). Median interval between stoma creation and closure was 27 weeks (ranging from 2 to 146 weeks). Fifty-three patients underwent preoperative anterograde mechanical bowel preparation (54,6%), forty underwent no specific preoperative bowel preparation (41.2%) and 4 underwent retrograde mechanical bowel preparation (4.1%). Perioperative antibiotic administration was performed in 91 patients (93.8%). Short-term antibiotic use (less than or up to 72hs) occurred in 63 patients (64.9%) while long-term antibiotic use (more than 72hs) occurred in 28 cases (28.8%). Technical variables included: surgeon?s experience, being 77 cases managed by experienced surgeons (79.3%), 10 cases (10.3%) by surgeons with intermediate experience (post-graduate level) and 10 cases by colorectal surgery residents or fellows (10.3%); access strategy including peri-stomal incision in 93 cases (95.8%) and longitudinal mid-line laparotomy in 4 cases (4.1%); resection of an ileal segment in 9 cases (9.2%) or non-resection in 88 cases (90.7%); continuous intestinal suture line in 78 cases (80.4%) or interrupted suture in 19 cases (19.5%); single suture layer in 70 cases (72.1%) or two-layer suture in 27 cases (27.9%); and type of primary aponeurotic layer closure, being continuous suture in 55 cases (56.7%) and interrupted suture in 42 cases (43.2%). Overall complication rate was 40.2% (39 patients) requiring medical management in 29.8% and surgical management in 10.3% of the cases. Median hospital stay period was 12 days. Complications included wound dehiscence or abscess in five patients, intestinal suture dehiscence in three, an intraperitoneal abscess (surgically drained) in one, a stercoracic fistulae in one, an ileo-anal anastomosis stenosis in one, acute renal insufficiency in one and persistent emesis in one patient. There was no correlation between gender, age, primary disease, previous operations or bowel preparation and complication occurrence. Regarding technical characteristics, continuous intestinal suture was associated with shorter duration of surgery (p=0.02) and with higher rates of complication (p=0.04). On the other hand, continuous aponeurotic layer closure was associated with shorter duration of surgery (p=0.002) but also with decreased complication rates (p=0.002). Early oral food intake (first 48 hours from operation) was associated with higher complication rates (p=0.054). Chronic steroid use was associated with lower risk of post-operative small bowel obstruction (SBO) development (p=0.04). Long-term antibiotic administration was associated with increased complication rates (p=0.0001). Multivariate analysis (logistic regression) revealed a correlation in direct proportion between interval period (stoma creation-closure) and complication occurrence (odds ratio=1.02). Also, a same correlation was observed for antibiotic use pattern (long-term vs short-term) and complication occurrence (odds ratio=30.36 for long-term). In conclusion, primary disease or operation requiring loop ileostomy creation was not associated with complication occurrence; chronic steroid use may have a protective effect on post-operative SOB development; mechanical bowel preparation may be unnecessary; continuous intestinal suture was associated with higher complication rates; surgeon?s experience was not associated with complication occurrence; greater interval between ileostomy creation and closure is associated with increased risk of complication occurrence; and surgeon\'s intention to long-term use of antibiotics is also associated with increased complication rates

Na atualidade, a ileostomia em alça é indicada para a proteção de anastomoses colorretais baixas ou colo-anais ou para a proteção de anastomoses íleo-anais em intervenções cirúrgicas de proctocolectomia total com confecção de bolsa ileal no tratamento cirúrgico das doenças inflamatórias intestinais, polipose adenomatosa familiar, tumores colorretais, doença diverticular e trauma. Índices de complicações elevados observados têm posto em dúvida o uso ampliado desse tipo de estoma apoiando-se em dados da literatura que, além de controversos, são originários de estudos retrospectivos de casuísticas pequenas. Outrossim, os dados na literatura brasileira são escassos. Assim, realizou-se estudo retrospectivo sobre resultados imediatos do fechamento de ileostomia em alça no período compreendido entre de março de 1991 e março de 2001, no Serviço de Cirurgia do Cólon Reto e Ânus do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. As variáveis consideradas foram ocorrência de complicações e o estado final do paciente (sem ileostomia ou não), correlacionadas com os dados do paciente, da doença que levou à confecção do estoma, dos tratamentos médicos e cirúrgicos anteriores e do próprio procedimento cirúrgico. Os testes estatísticos empregados foram o exato de Fisher para dados pontuais, o não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis para os dados temporais e, ao final, análise multivariada. O nível de significância foi de 95% (p<0,05). Foram estudados os prontuários de 131 doentes. Trinta e um apresentavam-se incompletos e, juntamente com três que foram submetidos a fechamento de ileostomia com anastomose mecânica, foram excluídos deste trabalho. A condição que motivou a ileostomia foi doença inflamatória em 73 casos (75,2%), neoplasia em 14,4%, polipose adenomatosa familial em 3% e outras doenças em 7,2%. O uso de corticóides foi assim distribuído: pacientes que nunca tomaram corticóide ?32 (32.9%), que faziam uso de corticóide há menos de 12 meses - quatro casos (4,1%), que faziam uso de corticóide há mais de 12 meses? 11 casos (11.3%), que fizeram uso de corticóide e que na época do fechamento da ileostomia usavam imunossupressor ou imunomodulador - nove casos (9,2%), pacientes que já tomaram corticóide e que interromperam o uso desta droga há menos de 12 meses - 31 (31.9%), e pacientes que já tomaram corticóde mas não faziam uso da droga há mais de 12 meses - 10 (10,3%). Na análise das somatórias das operações anteriores ao fechamento da ileostomia, houve a manipulação considerada menor em 65 casos (67%), e em 32 casos (32,9%) houve maior manipulação cirúrgica prévia ao fechamento da ileostomia. O período entre a confecção e o fechamento da ileostomia teve a mediana de 27 semanas (2 a 146 semanas). Cinqüenta e três pacientes sofreram preparo intestinal anterógrado pré-operatório (54,6%), quarenta não foram submetidos a nenhum tipo de preparo intestinal (41,2%), e quatro pacientes (4,1%) receberam preparo intestinal retrógrado Empregaram-se antibióticos em 91 dos casos (93,8%), dos quais 63 (64,9%) usaram-nos por curto período e 28 casos (28,8%) tiveram seus antibióticos usados.por mais tempo. Detalhes técnicos operatórios estudados compreenderam: 1) graduação do cirurgião, com 77 casos (79,3%) operados por cirurgiões experientes, dez pacientes (10,3%) operados por cirurgiões com pós-graduação concluída no nível de mestrado, e dez (10,3%) operados por equipe formada por médicos residentes e preceptores; 2) acesso cirúrgico por incisão periestomal (93 casos? 95,8%) ou laparotomia longitudinal (quatro casos- 4,1%); 3) ressecção do segmento ileal exteriorizado (nove casos- 9,2%) ou não (88 casos- 90.7%); 4) sutura intestinal contínua (78 casos- 80,4%) ou em pontos separados (19 indivíduos- 19,5%); 5) em um plano (setenta casos- 72,1%) ou dois planos (27 casos- 27,9%); 6) o tipo de fechamento da aponeurose da parede abdominal com sutura contínua empregada em 55 casos (56,7%) e sutura em pontos separados em 42 casos (43,2%). O índice de complicações gerais foi de 40,2% - 39 casos - (29,8% de resolução clínica e 10,3% cirúrgica). A mediana do período de internação dos pacientes foi de 12 dias. Ocorreram cinco casos de deiscência ou abscesso de parede abdominal, três casos de deiscência de anastomose intestinal, um de abscesso intracavitário (drenado cirurgicamente), um de fístula estercorácea, um de estenose da anastomose íleo-anal detectada no pós-operatório, um de insuficiência renal aguda, e um último apresentou vômitos persistentes. Não houve influência do sexo, da faixa etária, da doença que originou o estoma, da manipulação cirúrgica prévia, do emprego do preparo intestinal ou não e os aspectos técnicos operatórios nos índices de complicações. O uso de sutura contínua, apesar de reduzir o tempo cirúrgico (p=0,02), esteve associado a complicações (p=0,04). Por outro lado, o fechamento da aponeurose com sutura contínua, além de reduzir o tempo operatório (p=0,002), foi associada à menor índice de complicações (p=0,002). A realimentação nas primeiras 48 horas de pós-operatório associou-se a maior índice de complicações (p=0,054). O uso crônico de corticóides correlacionou-se com menor proporção de obstrução intestinal (p=0,04). Antibióticos em uso prolongado foram mais relacionados com as complicações (p=0,0001). A análise multivariada (regressão logística) verificou a relação em proporção direta entre o período desde a confecção até o fechamento da ileostomia e a ocorrência de complicações (odds ratio=1,02) e o modo do uso de antibióticos (odds ratio=30,36 para uso prolongado). Do exposto, concluiu-se que a doença e o porte da intervenção cirúrgica que levou à realização de ileostomia em alça não tiveram influência significativa no índice de complicações; que o uso crônico de corticóides gerou menor índice de ocorrência de obstrução intestinal; que o preparo intestinal para o fechamento de ileostomia pôde ser dispensado; que a sutura intestinal contínua associou-se a maior número de complicações; que a experiência do cirurgião responsável pelo fechamento da ileostomia não determinou maior número de complicações; que o tempo decorrido entre a confecção e o fechamento da ileostomia acrescentou maior risco de complicações a cada semana, e que a decisão do cirurgião quanto ao uso prolongado de antibióticos foi correlacionada com maior ocorrência de complicações / Loop ileostomies have been commonly used for diversion of fecal stream, in order to protect low colorectal, coloanal or íleo-anal anastomosis performed for a variety of primary diseases such as colorectal cancer (CRC), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), diverticular disease and trauma. However, high morbidity rates associated with this type of stoma have limited its wide spread use. This limitation is supported by controversial data, based mostly in retrospective studies with small number of patients. Moreover, national data on the subject is minimal. Therefore, a retrospective study was designed to determine immediate results of loop ileostomy closure in the period between March 1991 and March 2001, at the Colorectal Surgery Division of the Hospital das Clínicas University of São Paulo Medical School. Primary end-points included perioperative complication occurrence and final patient status (ileostomy-free or not). These events were correlated to patient demographic data, primary disease requiring loop ileostomy, previous medical treatment, previous operations and loop ileostomy closure characteristics. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher\'s exact test for categorical variables, Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test for temporal variables and multivariate analysis. P values of 0.05 or less were considered significant. One hundred and thirty-one patient\'s records were reviewed. Thirty-one patients with unavailable hospital records and three patients managed by mechanical stapled ileostomy closure technique were excluded from the study. Primary disease requiring loop ileostomy construction was IBD in 75.2%, CRC in 14.4%, FAP in 3% and others in 7.2% of the cases. Steroid use was classified into patients that have never used - 32 cases (32.9%), patients that have used only within the last 12 months - 4 cases (4.1%), patients that have used for more than 12 months - 11 cases (11.3%), patients that have used but are now under immunosupressors or immunomodulators - 9 cases (9.2%), patients that have used but are currently off steroids for less than 12 months - 31 cases (31.9%) and patients that have used but are currently off steroids for more than 12 months - 10 cases (10.3%). Previous operations included 4-quadrant procedures in 65 cases (67%) and five or more quadrants (multiple procedures) in 32 cases (32.9%). Median interval between stoma creation and closure was 27 weeks (ranging from 2 to 146 weeks). Fifty-three patients underwent preoperative anterograde mechanical bowel preparation (54,6%), forty underwent no specific preoperative bowel preparation (41.2%) and 4 underwent retrograde mechanical bowel preparation (4.1%). Perioperative antibiotic administration was performed in 91 patients (93.8%). Short-term antibiotic use (less than or up to 72hs) occurred in 63 patients (64.9%) while long-term antibiotic use (more than 72hs) occurred in 28 cases (28.8%). Technical variables included: surgeon?s experience, being 77 cases managed by experienced surgeons (79.3%), 10 cases (10.3%) by surgeons with intermediate experience (post-graduate level) and 10 cases by colorectal surgery residents or fellows (10.3%); access strategy including peri-stomal incision in 93 cases (95.8%) and longitudinal mid-line laparotomy in 4 cases (4.1%); resection of an ileal segment in 9 cases (9.2%) or non-resection in 88 cases (90.7%); continuous intestinal suture line in 78 cases (80.4%) or interrupted suture in 19 cases (19.5%); single suture layer in 70 cases (72.1%) or two-layer suture in 27 cases (27.9%); and type of primary aponeurotic layer closure, being continuous suture in 55 cases (56.7%) and interrupted suture in 42 cases (43.2%). Overall complication rate was 40.2% (39 patients) requiring medical management in 29.8% and surgical management in 10.3% of the cases. Median hospital stay period was 12 days. Complications included wound dehiscence or abscess in five patients, intestinal suture dehiscence in three, an intraperitoneal abscess (surgically drained) in one, a stercoracic fistulae in one, an ileo-anal anastomosis stenosis in one, acute renal insufficiency in one and persistent emesis in one patient. There was no correlation between gender, age, primary disease, previous operations or bowel preparation and complication occurrence. Regarding technical characteristics, continuous intestinal suture was associated with shorter duration of surgery (p=0.02) and with higher rates of complication (p=0.04). On the other hand, continuous aponeurotic layer closure was associated with shorter duration of surgery (p=0.002) but also with decreased complication rates (p=0.002). Early oral food intake (first 48 hours from operation) was associated with higher complication rates (p=0.054). Chronic steroid use was associated with lower risk of post-operative small bowel obstruction (SBO) development (p=0.04). Long-term antibiotic administration was associated with increased complication rates (p=0.0001). Multivariate analysis (logistic regression) revealed a correlation in direct proportion between interval period (stoma creation-closure) and complication occurrence (odds ratio=1.02). Also, a same correlation was observed for antibiotic use pattern (long-term vs short-term) and complication occurrence (odds ratio=30.36 for long-term). In conclusion, primary disease or operation requiring loop ileostomy creation was not associated with complication occurrence; chronic steroid use may have a protective effect on post-operative SOB development; mechanical bowel preparation may be unnecessary; continuous intestinal suture was associated with higher complication rates; surgeon?s experience was not associated with complication occurrence; greater interval between ileostomy creation and closure is associated with increased risk of complication occurrence; and surgeon\'s intention to long-term use of antibiotics is also associated with increased complication rates