Present graphic requires a lot of optimizations of rendering techniques and mathematical calculations. It is caused by increased requirements of scene's visualization. One of scene's optimizing techniques is the Level of detail. This thesis is focused on methods used by LOD in OpenSceneGraph and OpenGL library. Next it will be described how to choose the right level of detail in a scene. Later it will be explained how to simplify 3D models. These techniques will be implemented in converting tool and demonstrating application. Methods for simplify 3D models will be tested for their speed and quality.

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In the undergraduate and working environments, some science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) areas remain dominated by males. The purpose of this study was to understand the gendered experience of individuals in STEM majors by assessing students’ math self-efficacy, impostorism (a feeling of intellectual phoniness), and future goals. Based on prior research, an overall conceptual model was proposed and analyzed. Several related precursors including gender role orientation, perceived parental influence, math identity, and theories of intelligence were included in the model. Three hundred six undergraduates (64.38% female) in the colleges of natural science, geosciences, and engineering responded to an online survey addressing these constructs. Based on prior research, hypotheses were created proposing that females would report higher impostorism, lower math self-efficacy, and more femininity than males. I expected that masculinity, perceived parental influence, an entity theory of intelligence, and high math identity would predict the impostor phenomenon. Moreover, I hypothesized that the relation of each of these predictors to impostorism would be moderated by sex. For the next two hypotheses, I proposed that the four sources of math self-efficacy would predict math self-efficacy, but this relation would be moderated by impostorism. Finally, I expected that impostorism would lead to reduced future expectations and aspirations, but that this association would be mediated by math self-efficacy. Results indicated partial support of the study hypotheses, and a revised model was created. Both sexes reported similar levels of impostorism, but females had lower math self-efficacy and greater femininity than males. Masculinity negatively predicted the impostor phenomenon, while math identity and an entity theory of intelligence positively related to the dependent variable. Sex moderated the effect of perceived parental influence such that males’ impostorism was more affected by parental influence than females’. Emotional arousal was a strong contributor to math self-efficacy, but this relation was attenuated by impostorism. Coping with emotional arousal was positively associated with math self-efficacy; however, this association was significantly stronger for low impostors than high ones. Finally, impostors were less likely to expect to go to graduate school or work in a STEM-related field. Implications for schools and professors are discussed. / text

Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-77).

Le syndrome de l’imposteur peut être source d’une grande souffrance. Soixante-deux à 70% de la population peuvent être amenés à douter, ne serait-ce qu’une fois, de la légitimité de leur statut. Ces questionnements s’orientent sur l’impression de tromper les autres, sur les attributions de sa situation et sur la peur de voir son incompétence mise à jour. Malgré sa prévalence, peu d’études s’intéressent au caractère pathologique de ce syndrome, et encore moins à chercher des outils d’accompagnement adaptés. Les objectifs de ce travail étaient de valider un outil d’évaluation en français, et d’améliorer la compréhension de la dimension cognitive de ce syndrome.L’étude 1 est une étude quantitative menée auprès de 549 participants. Elle propose la validation du concept du syndrome de l’imposteur et la réalité d’un syndrome pouvant être pathologique. Les résultats démontrent différents profils d’imposteurs pour lesquels les comorbidités et leur vécu se révèlent différents.L’étude 2 est une étude quantitative menée auprès de 1597 participants. Elle a permis la validation de la Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) dans sa version francophone. Les résultats démontrent des bonnes qualités psychométriques du questionnaire. L’étude 3 est une étude quantitative menée auprès de 694 participants. Elle évalue les manifestations anxieuses inhérentes au syndrome de l’imposteur. Les analyses rendent compte de profils d’imposteurs différents. L’établissement d’un modèle d’émergence de ce syndrome a été suggéré afin d’interroger sa présence lors des périodes de grand stress de la vie. L’étude 4 est une étude quantitative menée auprès de 873 participants. Elle est axée sur l’intégration de l’acceptation inconditionnelle de soi comme outil pertinent de prise en charge des imposteurs. Elle propose de plus un profil cognitif de ces personnes au regard de la représentation de l’échec, des attitudes dysfonctionnelles et d’une faible acceptation inconditionnelle de soi. / The impostor phenomenon can represent a significant distress source. The literature suggests that 60-70% of the population questions their legitimacy at least once in their lives. These doubts focus on feelings of inadequacy or fraud, poor success attribution, and the fear of being exposed as an impostor. Few studies have explored the pathological aspects of the impostor phenomenon despite its prevalence. Moreover, to our knowledge too little research has been conducted to design adequate management tools. The research carried out for this thesis seeks to validate existing impostor phenomenon measures, the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), as well as better understand cognitive dimensions related to this syndrome.Study 1 was a quantitative study carried out on a sample of 549 participants. This study deals with the validation of the independent concept of impostor phenomenon as well as potential pathological aspects related to it. Results showed different impostor profiles both in intensity and impacts of this syndrome.Study 2 was a quantitative study carried out on 1,597-strong sample. The main objective was to validate an existing impostor phenomenon scale (CIPS) in French. The results demonstrated good psychometric validity for the French version.Study 3 was a quantitative study carried out on a sample of 694 participants. This study examined anxiety manifestations linked to the impostor phenomenon. The results demonstrated different profiles of impostors. A model was developed to help understand the manifestation of this syndrome during periods of severe stress and change.Study 4 was a quantitative study carried out on a sample of 873 participants. This study focused on unconditional self-acceptance as a useful method of appropriate therapeutic management linked to the impostor phenomenon. A cognitive profile of impostors was developed that helps account for irrational beliefs about failure, dysfunctional attitudes, and low unconditional self-acceptance.

This report studies impostor rendering for use with the virtual reality head mounted display Oculus Rift. The technique is replacing 3D models with 2D versions to speed up rendering, in a 3D engine. It documents the process of developing a prototype in C++ and DirectX11 and the required research needed to complete the assignment. Included in this report are also the steps involved in getting Oculus Rift support to work in a custom 3D engine and measuring the impact of impostor rendering when rendering to two screens of the head mounted display. The goal was to find the maximum models the engine could draw, while keeping the frame rate locked at 60 frames per second. 2 testers at Nordicstation came to the conclusion that 40-50 meters was the optimal distance for impostor rendering. Any closer and the flatness was noticeable. The results showed a clear improvement in frame rate when rendering a graphically intensive scene. The end result showed that the goal could be achieved at a maximum of 3000 trees with 1000 leaves. Impostor rendering was deemed effective when drawing beyond 500 trees at a time. Less than that and the technique was not needed to achieve 60 frames per second. / Denna rapport undersöker renderingstekniken impostors när den används i en simpel 3D motor tillsammans med virtuella verklighetshjälmen Oculus Rift. Impostors betyder på engelska bedragare och tekniken går ut på att den byter ut avancerade 3D modeller mot simpla 2D versioner när de är ett visst avstånd ifrån användarens virtuella kamera. Om den är korrekt implementerad ska användaren inte märka att vissa modeller är platta och tekniken sparar på resurser då grafikmotorn inte behöver rita ut alla modeller. Rapporten går igenom vad som undersöktes i förundersökningen för att kunna utveckla en prototyp med utvecklingspråket C++ och DirectX 11. I rapporten står även hur prototypen utvecklades och hur stöd för Oculus Rift lades till. De slutliga resultaten visade att impostors hade en stor påverkan på uppdateringshastigheten när antalet 3D modeller som skulle ritas var många, annars hade tekniken ingen påverkan för att nå 60 bilder per sekund. 2 testare från Nordicstation kom fram till att ett avstånd på 40-50 meter från spelarens kamera till utritning av impostors var lämplig, för att dölja att de endast är platta versioner av 3d modeller. Testet visade att motorn kunde rita ut 3000 träd, med 1000 löv på varje, och hålla 60 bilder per sekund, vilket var målet. Detta på ett avstånd av 40m på impostors. Impostorrendering var effektiv när man ritade ut fler än 500 träd åt gången. Mindre antal gav ingen märkbar effekt på testdatorn som användes för testet.

African American women in educational leadership roles face a myriad of barriers and challenges. Black feminist theory and impostor phenomenon theory offered a potent conceptual lens for understanding the experiences of successful African American women. A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted to examine and explore strategies that African American women use to (a) navigate the impostor phenomenon in relation to career mobility, and (b) identify and understand how social constructs in educational leadership organizations can contribute to their experiences. The research also examined the historical and contemporary problems of subjugation, oppression, racism, and sexism as narrated by 12 African American women who are in educational leadership roles. Data collected from the participants were triangulated and analyzed thematically resulting in six themes: (1) experiences of being questioned and undermined by superiors; (2) experiences of other people's perceptions about African American female leaders; (3) the need for a mentor; (4) giving others a chance to question them; (5) intentional self-care; and (6) lack of support from leaders and mentors. It is recommended that those who work within the education systems focus on acquiring an understanding of the internal struggles African American women navigate in response to systemic, external challenges, so they can better support these women in terms of career mobility and give more attention to retaining them in educational leadership roles.

A presente dissertação consiste na comparação dos romances Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas e Confissões do impostor Felix Krull. Procuramos analisar os aspectos que os aproximam, apesar do afastamento temporal e cultural entre eles existente, partindo dos elementos que imitam o texto autobiográfico e suas respectivas implicações. Tanto as vidas representadas nos dois romances afastam-se do que se entende por uma biografia normal, como também a particular tarefa autobiográfica realizada por Felix e Brás foge do padrão de confissões e de memórias. A confiabilidade dos narradores pode ser ainda questionada, haja vista suas singulares condições enquanto narradores: um, impostor, e outro, defunto. Esta dissertação é composta por seis partes, nas quais se discutirão os seguintes aspectos: introdução à análise comparativa, os romances e os narradores, a intertextualidade inserida na forma e na temática, o decurso de vida de Brás e Felix, suas condições como autobiógrafos e o papel do leitor. No que diz respeito a este último aspecto, podemos afirmar que como o romance em geral, Memórias póstumas e Confissões, que simulam o relato autobiográfico, se preocupam com a função do público. Nos dois livros em questão, essa preocupação reflete-se nos papéis do leitor inseridos nas narrativas. Nossa dissertação ocupar-se-á desse aspecto como último e com particular atenção, visando analisar as reflexões metanarrativas realizadas pelos narradores diante de seus respectivos leitores no horizonte da autobiografia ficcional. / The following degree thesis consists in comparing the novels Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas and Confissões do impostor Felix Krull. We attempted to analyse the aspects, which approach them, despite of the temporal and cultural distance between them, initiating from the elements, which imitate the autobiographical text and its respective implications. The lives represented in both novels diverge from what usually can be understood as a normal biography. In a similar way the autobiographical function assumed by Felix and Brás diverges from the ideal standard of the confession and the autobiographical memory. The reliability of the narrators can be also questioned if we considerate their singular conditions as narrators: one, as impostor, the other, as a dead person. This thesis is composed of six parts, in that we will discuss the following aspects: an introduction to the comparative analysis, the novels and their narrators, the intertextuality introduced in the form and in the subject, Brás and Felix life events, their condition as autobiographers and the readers role. Like the novels in general, Memórias póstumas e Confissões, that simulate the autobiographical narrative, attend to the role of the attendance. In both analised books this concern is reflected on the the readers inserted in the narratives. This dissertation handles this aspect lastly, trying to analyse the Felix and Brás metanarrative considerations according to their respective readers in the horizon of the fictional autobiography.

A presente dissertação consiste na comparação dos romances Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas e Confissões do impostor Felix Krull. Procuramos analisar os aspectos que os aproximam, apesar do afastamento temporal e cultural entre eles existente, partindo dos elementos que imitam o texto autobiográfico e suas respectivas implicações. Tanto as vidas representadas nos dois romances afastam-se do que se entende por uma biografia normal, como também a particular tarefa autobiográfica realizada por Felix e Brás foge do padrão de confissões e de memórias. A confiabilidade dos narradores pode ser ainda questionada, haja vista suas singulares condições enquanto narradores: um, impostor, e outro, defunto. Esta dissertação é composta por seis partes, nas quais se discutirão os seguintes aspectos: introdução à análise comparativa, os romances e os narradores, a intertextualidade inserida na forma e na temática, o decurso de vida de Brás e Felix, suas condições como autobiógrafos e o papel do leitor. No que diz respeito a este último aspecto, podemos afirmar que como o romance em geral, Memórias póstumas e Confissões, que simulam o relato autobiográfico, se preocupam com a função do público. Nos dois livros em questão, essa preocupação reflete-se nos papéis do leitor inseridos nas narrativas. Nossa dissertação ocupar-se-á desse aspecto como último e com particular atenção, visando analisar as reflexões metanarrativas realizadas pelos narradores diante de seus respectivos leitores no horizonte da autobiografia ficcional. / The following degree thesis consists in comparing the novels Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas and Confissões do impostor Felix Krull. We attempted to analyse the aspects, which approach them, despite of the temporal and cultural distance between them, initiating from the elements, which imitate the autobiographical text and its respective implications. The lives represented in both novels diverge from what usually can be understood as a normal biography. In a similar way the autobiographical function assumed by Felix and Brás diverges from the ideal standard of the confession and the autobiographical memory. The reliability of the narrators can be also questioned if we considerate their singular conditions as narrators: one, as impostor, the other, as a dead person. This thesis is composed of six parts, in that we will discuss the following aspects: an introduction to the comparative analysis, the novels and their narrators, the intertextuality introduced in the form and in the subject, Brás and Felix life events, their condition as autobiographers and the readers role. Like the novels in general, Memórias póstumas e Confissões, that simulate the autobiographical narrative, attend to the role of the attendance. In both analised books this concern is reflected on the the readers inserted in the narratives. This dissertation handles this aspect lastly, trying to analyse the Felix and Brás metanarrative considerations according to their respective readers in the horizon of the fictional autobiography.

This master’s thesis work was performed at Optimum Biometric Labs, OBL, located in Karlskrona, Sweden. Optimum Biometric Labs perform independent scenario evaluations to companies who develop biometric devices. The company has a product Optimum preConTM which is surveillance and diagnosis tool for biometric systems. This thesis work’s objective was to develop a conceptual model and implement it as an additional layer above the biometric layer with intelligence about the biometric users. The layer is influenced by the general procedure of biometrics in a multimodal behavioural way. It is working in an unsupervised way and performs in an unsupervised manner. While biometric systems are increasingly adopted the technologies have some inherent problems such as false match and false non-match. In practice, a rejected user can not be interpreted as an impostor since the user simply might have problems using his/her biometric feature. The proposed methods in this project are dealing with these problems when analysing biometric usage in runtime. Another fact which may give rise to false rejections is template aging; a phenomenon where the enrolled user’s template is too old compared towards the user’s current biometric feature. A theoretical approach of template aging was known; however since the analysis of template aging detection was correlated with potential system flaws such as device defects or human generated risks such as impostor attacks this task would become difficult to solve in an unsupervised system but when ignoring the definition of template aging, the detection of similar effects was possible. One of the objectives of this project was to detect template aging in a predictive sense; this task failed to be carried out because the absence of basis performing this kind of tasks. The developed program performs abnormality detection at each incoming event from a biometric system. Each verification attempt is assumed to be from a genuine user unless any deviation according to the user's history is found, an abnormality. The possibility of an impostor attack depends on the degree of the abnormality. The application makes relative decisions between fraud possibilities or if genuine user was the source of what caused the deviations. This is presented as an alarm with the degree of impostor possibility. This intelligent layer has increased Optimum preCon´s capacity as a surveillance tool for biometrics. This product is an efficient complement to biometric systems in a steady up-going worldwide market.