In the State of Indiana, for students over the age of 14 who have been diagnosed with intellectual or developmental disabilities, the transition from special education to Medicaid waiver oversight should occur seamlessly, but gaps in integrated and aligned goal development strategies remain. As a consequence, students who need adult-based support may not be receiving the full scope of services to which they are entitled. Using common-pool resource theory as a foundation, the purpose of this explanatory case study of transitional services to Indiana Medicaid was to understand, from the perspective of disability support service staff, the barriers to effective quality of life outcomes and collaboration among government agencies involved in the transition process. In-depth interview data were collected from a total of 6 vocational rehabilitation specialists, directors, and transition coordinators. These interview data were inductively coded and thematically analyzed according to identified common pool action areas. Key research findings included: (a) the need for implementation of student self-determination principles, (b) a strengthening of sustainable goal development directed toward student employment, and (c) an overall enhanced collaboration between key disability service support staff roles to create sustainable structures. Positive social change opportunities include recommendations to the Indiana Division of Disability and Rehabilitation Services to improve the overarching student-to-adult transition process, reduce redundant funding streams, and streamline goal development to create a sustainable, collaborative experience for students over their lifespan of support.

<p>Arbetet tar upp exempel från två klasser om hur pedagogerna i klassen anpassar sin undervisning efter individerna i klassen. Utifrån fyra områden: hur pedagogerna ser på elever i behov av särskilt stöd; hur de bemöter eleverna; hur de anser att de anpassar sin undervisning och hur de integrerar elever i klassen, försöker detta arbete finna ett sätt för pedagogerna att förhålla sig till individerna i klassen.</p><p>Kvalitativa intervjuer har använts för att få ta del av varje pedagogs synsätt och åsikter. Två lärare, två fritidspedagoger och en förskollärare har intervjuats för att få ett brett perspektiv på de två klasser som undersökts.</p><p>Elevens bästa och behov ska styra vilka pedagogiska riktlinjer pedagogen ska använda sig av.</p> / <p>This essay takes on examples from two classes about how the educationalist in the class adapts their education after the individuals in the class. From four areas: how the educationalists see on the pupils in special needs; how they treat the pupils; how they think that they adept their education and how they integrate pupils to the class, this essay tries to find a way for the educationalists to behave to the individuals in the class.</p><p>Qualitative interviews has been used to take part of every educationalists approach and opinion. Two teachers, two recreation instructors and one preschool teacher has been interviewed to get at wide perspective on the classes that’s been examined.</p><p>The pupils best and needs shall guide which pedagogical guidelines the educationalist should use.</p>

Arbetet tar upp exempel från två klasser om hur pedagogerna i klassen anpassar sin undervisning efter individerna i klassen. Utifrån fyra områden: hur pedagogerna ser på elever i behov av särskilt stöd; hur de bemöter eleverna; hur de anser att de anpassar sin undervisning och hur de integrerar elever i klassen, försöker detta arbete finna ett sätt för pedagogerna att förhålla sig till individerna i klassen. Kvalitativa intervjuer har använts för att få ta del av varje pedagogs synsätt och åsikter. Två lärare, två fritidspedagoger och en förskollärare har intervjuats för att få ett brett perspektiv på de två klasser som undersökts. Elevens bästa och behov ska styra vilka pedagogiska riktlinjer pedagogen ska använda sig av. / This essay takes on examples from two classes about how the educationalist in the class adapts their education after the individuals in the class. From four areas: how the educationalists see on the pupils in special needs; how they treat the pupils; how they think that they adept their education and how they integrate pupils to the class, this essay tries to find a way for the educationalists to behave to the individuals in the class. Qualitative interviews has been used to take part of every educationalists approach and opinion. Two teachers, two recreation instructors and one preschool teacher has been interviewed to get at wide perspective on the classes that’s been examined. The pupils best and needs shall guide which pedagogical guidelines the educationalist should use.

Individual Education Plans and the means of creating a sustainable platform for children with learning difficulties is a subject of vast discussion. The original idea was to create a system in which the documentation of certain students with learning difficulties would lead to precautions being taken in order to eradicate difficulties and improve student’s abilities to excel in studies. However, in practice, the IEPs proved less functioning and the special needs of students were not attained accordingly to the theoretical approach. In some aspects the IEPs were a helpful tool to create sustainability for students with special needs, but in the long term the IEPs seemed to provide less support and more segregation. The usage of individual education plans in the Swedish school, as well as Irish- and British schools, had its own theoretical standpoints within each faculty. For some schools the IEP was used as a tool to reflect that the institution indeed followed the guidelines set for special education, in order to protect institutional activities. For other schools there was a normative behavioral standard to be measured through IEPs, in these certain scenarios the IEP served as a tool to create a “normal” behavior for the students that showed certain social “problems”. In many regards these behavioral precautions did not have any actual relation to said student’s special education needs. In this study we examine how the theoretical approach to the IEPs was regarded and how these theoretical ideas have been implemented in practice. In this study we also present a discussion about how the theoretical and practical usage of IEPs is in any form regarded as positive or negative, in accordance to the scientific approach of special education.

This thesis deals with teacher´s ingress to pupils with dysorthography in the first grade of primary school. In the theoretical part, the key elements are definition of item specific defect of learning and its ground allocations. As the next I´m working with charakteristic and definiton of ground terms, in that case dysorthography, its occasions and allocution, diagnostic and bases of reeducative care. The practical part consists of pupils with dysorthography. Thanks to contemplation I find out the teacher´s attitude to pupils. Some informations about pupils are rectified thanks to teacher´s question blank. At the end, the findings should map the teacher´s attitude and ingress to pupils with dysorthography during education.

The thesis is focused on mapping the current conditions of schools in the education of pupils with specific learning needs with regard to the conditions set by the state of this type of education. The work is divided into two parts-the theoretical and practical. The theoretical part provides an overview of the status of a student with special needs in school. Specifically, concepts such as diagnostics, re-education and problems in school these pupils. A substantial part of the work also discusses the possibilities of integrating these students into mainstream schools and the related demands and requirements of schools. These conditions are in the form of compensation and support measures enshrined in Decree 147/2011 Coll., The observance of which in practice is the subject of the practical part of the thesis.

The thesis deals with home education. The theoretical part defines the basic terms. The next part defines communication strategy and cooperation between parents and school. The practical part of the thesis is focused on communication between parents and school. This section is considered to be information relating to the information obtained from the questionnaire for parents and teachers. The aim of this work is to find and expand their knowledge of cooperation and cooperation, based on the communication aspects of this cooperation. The results of the evaluation of questionnaires and interviews are evaluated by research questions and assumptions. KEYWORDS Home education, individual education, home education, communication, cooperation

The presented thesis deals with topic of unschooling. It specifically focuses on parent's motivation for this untraditional and sort of radical educational approach to children. The major aim of the thesis was to map parent's specific reasons for unschooling and also factors that help them continue with it despite possible difficulties. Bandura's concept of self-efficacy was used as a theoretical frame of the research. We focused on development of motivation in this area as well. The qualitative approach was used for the research; data was collected by in- depth semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analyses. Results of the research show us main motives that lead Czech parents to choice of unschooling as well as supportive factors that motivate them continue with it. The main reasons for unschooling educational choice were for example delimiting against school, child's needs and interests, and child's will. Family well-being and child's happiness turn out to be the strongest keeping factors. Identified motives were set into the concept of self-efficacy which shows the strong connection of those two concepts in researched area. Analysis indicates significant development trend to radicalization of opinions and educational approach connected with longer unschooling practise....

As soon as the school realise that a student has special needs, they must make an Individual educational plan (IEP). When the IEP is made both child and parents should participate according to Swedish educational law and United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. This participation should, among other things, include the opportunity for the child to describe its own needs, plausible interventions and evaluate the support it has been given.    The purpose of this study has been to investigate more closely the perceived feeling of parents that they and their children were made involved in the creation of the IEP.  As a theoretical basis and starting point for analysis, Shier's and Hart's participation models have been used, supplemented with Lundy's participation model. Concepts from Foucault's theory of power and Bourdieu's theories of capital have been used as a complement. The design of the study was a qualitative interview study with a phenomenological focus where the focus was on the informants' own experience. Based on this, a thematic analysis was carried out. The themes that emerged were an experience of communication but not of participation, that the IEP is seen as a document that does not reflect reality, that the children´s participation is extremely deficient and that the parents are used as mouthpieces for the child. In the majority of the interviews, it emerged that the child was not asked at all about its opinion regarding its needs and the interventions it was offered.  This study was limited to the parents´ experience of their and their children´s participation in the establishment and evaluation of the IEP. Future studies could explore other perspectives on the phenomenon, such as the school´s or the child´s own perspective. However, after seeing how the results of the study reflect the shortcomings demonstrated by several years of studies in the field, future research should instead focus on how the school can practically increase participation and create a culture that values children´s participation highly and sets this as a priority. / Så snart skolan uppmärksammar behov av särskilt stöd ska ett åtgärdsprogram upprättas. I upprättandet av åtgärdsprogrammet ska barn och föräldrar göras delaktiga, både utifrån Skollagen och Barnkonventionen. Delaktigheten ska bestå i att barnet bland annat ges möjlighet att själv beskriva sina svårigheter, tänkbara åtgärder och får utvärdera insatser.  Syftet med denna studie har varit att närmare undersöka den upplevda känslan hos föräldrar av att de och deras barn gjorts delaktiga vid framställandet av åtgärdsprogrammet.  Som teoretisk grund och utgångspunkt för analys har använts Shiers och Harts delaktighetsmodeller som kompletterats med Lundys delaktighetsmodell. Begrepp från Foucaults maktteori och Bourdieus teorier om kapital har använts som ett komplement. Studiens design var en kvalitativ intervjustudie med fenomenologisk inriktning där fokus var på informanternas egen upplevelse. Utifrån detta genomfördes en tematisk analys. De teman som framkom var en upplevelse av kommunikation men inte av delaktighet, att åtgärdsprogrammet ses som ett dokument som inte speglar verkligheten, att barnens delaktighet är ytterst bristfällig och att föräldrarna används som språkrör för barnet. I majoriteten av intervjuerna framkom att barnet inte överhuvudtaget tillfrågats om sin åsikt kring sina behov och de insatser det erbjudits. Denna studie begränsades till föräldrarnas upplevelse av deras och deras barns delaktighet i upprättandet och utvärderingen av åtgärdsprogrammet. Framtida studier skulle kunna utforska andra perspektiv på fenomenet, som skolans eller barnets eget perspektiv. Efter att ha sett hur studiens resultat speglar de brister flera års studier inom området påvisat så bör dock framtida studier i stället fokusera på hur skolan praktiskt ska öka delaktigheten och skapa en kultur som värderar barns delaktighet högt och sätter detta som en prioritet.

This work deals with the problem, which is in my opinion becoming a hot issue. The number of children that get special needs education, is constantly increasing. The school in which they are educated, either draws up an individual educational plan (IEP below), or simply tolerates their work. It means these pupils are educated without an IEP, but the school and the teacher are aware of their special needs. It is not only the increasing number of pupils with learning disabilities and ADHD, but also with Asperger syndrome, speech disorders, physical disabilities, diabetes or epilepsy, and others. Depending on their problem also the amount of work with them is increasing. Firstly both the correct diagnosis and the setting of friendly educative environment are necessary. The work includes theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part clarifies the specific learning disorders, Asperger syndrome and developmental dysphasia. The practical part focuses on the work of pupils with specific learning disabilities, Asperger's syndrome and developmental dysphasia. The aim of this thesis is whilst using the method of interviewing and observing how the integrated education of pupils with special educational needs is proceeded at the second grade at different elementary schools. I'm interested in the way how...