The thesis focuses on minimum wage. The aim of the work is to evaluate the impact of the growth of the minimum wage on disposable incomes of natural persons from employment and self-employed activity from 2011 to 2019. Subsequently, there are suggested measures to help reduce the levies on the income of individuals, thus maintaining the highest disposable income.

[pt] O presente trabalho de pesquisa visa a estudar aspectos referentes às inclinações de carreira e suas relações com o alinhamento de valores dos empregados, considerando os valores da instituição empregadora. Para a realização de tal estudo foi elaborado um questionário, composto de 89 perguntas, que foi desenhado com o auxílio do software Qualtrics. Para o levantamento dos valores, foi utilizado o Inventário de Valores elaborado por Rokeach (1973), composto de 36 valores individuais. No que se refere à identificação das âncoras de carreira dos empregados, foi utilizado o instrumento elaborado por Schein (1993), composto de 40 itens, denominado Inventário das Orientações de Carreira. Tal questionário foi enviado por e-mail para os profissionais que participam de um grupo de discussões, composto por empregados de uma instituição pública do ramo financeiro com sede na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Considerando os 231 questionários válidos, por meio de tratamento de dados, realizado com o auxílio do software SPSS, foi possível levantar os valores individuais e identificar as âncoras de carreira mais proeminentes para os empregados desta instituição pública. A presente pesquisa possibilitou, ainda, a obtenção de subsídios para a elaboração de Políticas de Recursos Humanos. As ações sugeridas na referida política têm o intuito de aumentar o alinhamento dos valores individuais dos empregados, considerando os valores da instituição pública empregadora, com vistas a aumentar a satisfação desses, o que pode vir a trazer, como consequência, melhora no desempenho desta última. / [en] The present research aims to study the aspects related to the career preferences and their relationship with the alignment of employees values, considering the values of their employer. To carry out this study a questionnaire, consisting of 89 questions, was designed using the software Qualtrics. For the survey of the values, the Rokeach Value Survey, which was developed by Rokeach (1973), was used. This survey consists of 36 individual values. As regards the identification of the career anchors of the employees, the instrument developed by Schein (1993), composed of 40 items, called Career Anchors Self- Assessment, was used. The questionnaire was sent by email to the professionals who take part in a discussion group, composed of employees of a public institution of the financial sector, which is based in Rio de Janeiro. Considering the 231 valid questionnaires, through data processing, performed by SPSS software, it was possible to identify the individual values and the most important career anchors for the employees of that public institution. This research also resulted in obtaining information for the development of Human Resources Police. The actions suggested in that Police are intended to increase the alignment of the individual values of the employees, taking into account the values of the referred public institution, in order to increase the satisfaction of the former, which might bring, as a consequence, improves in the performance of the latter.

Faire du rapport des individus à leur apparence corporelle une véritable question sociologique, telle fut l'ambition de cette thèse. Prenant appui sur un étonnement intellectuel - relatif à la difficile constitution du champ de la sociologie du corps et au décalage fort entre l'omniprésence des enjeux esthétiques dans le monde social (notamment médiatique) et leur modeste considération dans l'espace des sciences sociales - cette visée s'est matérialisée par la mise en oeuvre d'une enquête qualitative, menée entre 2013 et 2014, auprès de 60 individus (32 femmes et 28 hommes), âgés de 21 à 52 ans. Cette étude, dont le fil conducteur a été de mettre en exergue les modalités de l'expérience esthétique des individus (coûts, bénéfices, vécus, stratégies, dans le rapport à soi et à autrui), s'est appuyée sur l'outil analytique du genre, véritable catalyseur de l'injonction à l'autonomie et à la réflexivité esthétique à l'oeuvre depuis la seconde moitié du XXème siècle. Les deux axes analytiques qui orientent la trame de cette thèse sont ainsi les suivants : (1) quels sont les enjeux des dimensions « intra-genre », « inter-genre » dans la construction d'une identité esthétique, (2) dans quelles mesures la dialectique entre rapport à soi et rapport à autrui constitue-t-elle le socle de l'appropriation esthétique d'un soi genré ? Effectivement, en étudiant l'apparence comme une théâtralisation du genre des individus, nous avons notamment pu mettre en évidence combien la consistance des corps et les pratiques esthétiques représentaient des modalités essentielles de la recomposition contemporaine des existences genrées. Notre enquête nous a ainsi amenée à penser que la posture analytique la plus légitime pour une sociologie de l'apparence est celle qui envisage cet objet « apparence » avant tout comme une expérience réflexive à laquelle chacun se trouve confronté, le rapport au corps constituant un support identitaire central pour l'individu contemporain. En ce sens, l'étude du « bricolage esthétique de soi » des acteurs sociaux constitue à nos yeux une orientation pertinente pour les sociologues afin d'appréhender les contours de ce qu'être un individu (incarné) aujourd'hui dans notre société représente pour tout un chacun. / Studying the relationship of individuals with their own body and appearance as a real sociological question, such was the aim of this thesis. Building on an intellectual astonishment - the difficult constitution that marked the field of the sociology of the body and the huge gap between the omnipresence of aesthetic issues in the social world (including media) and their modest consideration in the Social Sciences world - this aim has been materialized through the implementation of a qualitative survey, conducted between 2013 and 2014, with 60 individuals (32 women and 28 men), aged from 21 to 52 years. The common thread of this study was to outline the terms of the aesthetic experience of individuals (costs, benefits, experiences, relationship with oneself and with others) and we used the analytical tool of gender, real catalyst of the autonomy and aesthetic reflexivity injunctions ongoing in our society since the second half of the twentieth century. The two analytical axes that guide the frame of this thesis are as follows: (1) what are the issues of the two dimensions: "intra-gender", "cross-gender" in the construction of an aesthetic identity, (2) to what extent the dialectic between self-relation and relationships with others could be the base of the aesthetic appropriation of a gendered self? Indeed, studying the appearance as a dramatization of the gender of individuals, has enabled us to highlight how the consistency of the body and aesthetic practices represente essential modalities regarding the contemporary restructuring of gendered lives. Our investigation let us think that the most legitimate analytical posture for a sociology of appearance is the one considering this item "appearance" first and foremost as a reflexive experience to which each individual is faced, relationship with the body constituting a central identity support for the contemporary individual. In this sense, the study of "self-esthetics handiwork" of social actors is in our opinion a relevant guidance for sociologists to grasp the framework of what being an (embodied) individual today in our society represents for everyone.

Thesis advisor: Ce Shen / Civic engagement, involving people in public processes to achieve common goals, has received increased attention in the past several decades. This renewed interest was triggered by the seeming decline in civic engagement, particularly in the context of Western societies including the U.S. In addition, its potentially positive effects, such as psychological well-being at the individual level, have recently received much attention. Low-income people in developing countries suffer from double discrimination: first, the lack of opportunities to participate in civic matters due to their low socio-economic status (SES) and second, the lack of civil society culture in developing countries. However, less attention has been paid to civic engagement in the context of developing countries and low-income people, in spite of the importance of civic engagement to them. Given the significance of civic engagement for low-income populations in developing countries, this dissertation intends to fill the gaps left by previous scholarship. The following are specific objectives for the study: 1) Paper 1 aims to investigate the construct validity of an instrument to measure civic engagement among low-income populations in developing countries; 2) Paper 2 aims to examine the associations between country-level political and economic determinants and civic engagement among low-income people in developing countries; and 3) Paper 3 aims to examine the effect of civic engagement on subjective well-being through the mediating effect of sense of agency. Using the cross-national data set, the World Values Survey Wave 6 (2010-2014), this study first found that civic engagement among low-income individuals in low- and middle-income countries is defined in three dimensions: electoral behaviors, membership in civic organizations, and cognitive engagement. This result contributes to measurement development of civic engagement, especially among the low-income individuals in the context of developing countries, who have been neglected in policy-making processes. In Paper 2, I found that civic engagement increases in economically disadvantaged environments (low GNI per capita and high Gini coefficient). This finding may reveal the strength that low-income populations have. Lastly, the results of Paper 3 showed that electoral engagement and membership in civic organizations were directly related to well-being, but cognitive engagement had an indirect effect on well-being through a sense of agency. Also, the result of a non-recursive model showed that engagement in electoral behaviors leads to a sense of well-being, not in the reverse direction. The results from Paper 3 may demonstrate the mechanism by which civic engagement is related to well-being. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2018. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Social Work. / Discipline: Social Work.

Konsumtionen har idag blivit en stor del av samhället och människans vardagliga liv. Särskilt hos unga individer förekommer det en benägenhet att konsumera mer för att uppnå en högre social status och skapa en identitet genom konsumtionen. Det var därför intressant att undersöka varför unga individer konsumerar trots att de idag besitter en hög miljömedvetenhet. Syftet med studien var att undersöka unga individers konsumtionsvanor samt hur de förhåller sig till sina konsumtionsvanor i relation till det rådande miljöproblemet. Till det formulerades även tre frågeställningar för att kunna uppfylla syftet, vilka var: ”Hur ser intervjupersonerna på sina konsumtionsvanor?”, ”Hur ser intervjupersonerna på miljön?” samt ”Hur upplever intervjupersonerna sina konsumtionsvanor i förhållande till miljön?”. Det teoretiska ramverket består av teorier om konsumtion och konsumtionssamhället i vilket individer skapar sig en identitet med de varor de konsumerar. Empirin samlades in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta personer i åldrarna 18–25. Under intervjuerna ställdes frågor som var baserade på olika teman, vilka var härledda är det teoretiska ramverket samt från syfte och frågeställningar. Dessa teman rörde intervjupersonernas konsumtionsvanor, miljömedvetenhet samt förhållandet mellan dessa. Resultatet visade att intervjupersonernas konsumtionsvanor varierar, men att konsumtionen är en stor del av deras liv. Merparten konsumerar saker de upplever trendiga eftersom de i viss mån påverkas av andras åsikter och vad de ser andra personer konsumera. Intervjupersonerna upplever positiva känslor vid konsumtion till en början, för att sedan uppleva ångest över att de har spenderat pengar och således minimerat möjligheten för att konsumera ytterligare. Samtliga intervjupersoner ansåg att en bättre ekonomi hade möjliggjort för en önskad ökad konsumtion. Intervjupersonernas miljömedvetenhet varierar även den stort där samtliga är medvetna om det rådande miljöproblemet varpå merparten känner en oro för framtiden. Dock kände intervjupersonerna en hopplöshet eftersom de upplevde att deras engagemang inte hjälper klimatet i det stora hela vilket resulterar i inaktivitet även hos de som har en stor miljömedvetenhet. Medvetenheten kring deras konsumtionsvanors påverkan på miljön är låg varpå samtliga menar att dåliga vanor är svåra att bryta. Intervjupersonerna känner en stark vilja att konsumera nya varor och det finns en ständig rädsla att inte passa in på grund av en bristande konsumtion. Detta väger därför högre än deras medvetenhet kring konsumtionens negativa påverkan på miljön. / Consumption has today become a large part of human life. Especially for young individuals there is a tendency to consume more to achieve a higher social status and create an identity through consumption. It was therefore interesting to investigate why young individuals consume despite the fact that they today has a high environmental awareness. The aim of this study was to investigate the consumption habits of young individuals and how their feelings are towards their consumption habits in relation to the current environmental problem. In addition three questions were stated to fulfill the aim of the study, these were stated as followed: “How do the interviewees understand their consumption habits?”, “How do the interviewees understand the environment?” and “How do the interviewees experience their consumption habits in relation to the environment?”. The theoretical framework consists of theories of consumption and consumption society in which individuals create an identity with the product they consume. The empire was collected through semi-structured interviews with eight people aged 18-25. The interview questions were based on different themes which referred to the interviewees consumption habits, environmental awareness and the relationship between them. The result showed that the interviewees consumption habits varies but that consumption is a big part of their lives. The majority of the interviewees consume things they found to be trendy, as they to some extent are affected by the opinions of others and what they see other people consume. The interviewees experience positive emotions while consuming initially, and then experienced anxiety about having spent money and thus have less money to consume further. All interviewees considered that a better economy had made it possible for a desired increased consumption. The environmental awareness of the interviewees also varies widely, all of which were aware of the current environmental problem and most of them feel anxiety about the future. However, there was a hopelessness amongst the interviewees as they feel that their involvement do not help in the grand scheme of things, which results in inactivity even for those who have environmental knowledge. Awareness of the impact of their consumption habits on the environment is low, and all believed that bad habits are difficult to break. The interviewees feel a strong desire to consume new goods and there is a constant fear of not fitting in because of a lack of consumption and that therefore outweighs their awareness of the negative impact of consumption on the environment.

O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o efeito de diferentes volumes de treinamento de força na força máxima de membros inferiores e na hipertrofia do reto femoral e do vasto lateral após quatro, oito e doze semanas em indivíduos treinados em força. Vinte e seis indivíduos jovens saudáveis do sexo masculino (idade 23,6 ± 4,6 anos, massa corporal 76,6 ± 7,5 kg, estatura 1,75 ± 0,1 cm), com tempo médio de treinamento de força (4,7 ± 4,1 anos) foram divididos em três grupos experimentais, treinamento de força alto volume (TFAV, n = 8), treinamento de força médio volume (TFMV, n = 9) e treinamento de força baixo volume (TFBV, n = 9). As medidas de força dinâmica máxima (1RM) e de área de secção transversa muscular (ASTM) do reto femoral (RF) e do vasto lateral (VL) foram realizadas nos momentos pré- treinamento, pós quatro semanas, pós oito semanas e pós-treinamento. O volume total de treinamento apresentou aumento estatístico para todos os grupos TFAV (p < 0,0001), TFMV (p < 0,0001) e TFBV (p < 0,0001) ao longo do período experimental. Os valores de 1RM aumentaram de maneira significativa após a oitava semana de treinamento TFAV (11,8 ± 4,7%; p < 0,0001) e TFMV (12,1 ± 8,5%; p < 0,0001) e TFBV (9,6 ± 7,3%; p < 0,001) e no pós-treinamento TFAV (13,9 ± 3,9%; p < 0,0001), TFMV (16,7 ± 10,8%; p < 0,0001) e TFBV (14,0 ± 8,1%; p < 0,0001) para todos os grupos, porém não foi observado diferença entre os grupos. A ASTM do RF apresentou aumento estatístico no pós-treinamento somente para o grupo TFAV (15,0 ± 11,9%; p < 0,0001). Apenas o grupo TFAV aumentou estatisticamente a ASTM do VL após quatro semanas de treinamento (7,71 ± 4,42%; p < 0,0001), porém todos os grupos aumentaram significativamente a ASTM do VL após oito semanas de treinamento TFAV (11,37 ± 3,88%; p < 0,0001), TFMV (9,68 ± 9,36%; p < 0,0001) e TFBV (7,26 ± 3,15%; p < 0,01) e no pós-treinamento TFAV (14,54 ± 4,07%; p < 0,0001), TFMV (14,77 ± 8,24%; p < 0,0001) e TFBV (8,66 ± 3,97%; p < 0,001), porém não foi observado diferença entre os grupos. Os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que, independente do volume adotado, os ganhos de força máxima foram semelhantes. Por outro lado, a ASTM foi influenciada pelo volume de treinamento, dado que o grupo TFAV foi o único que apresentou aumento significativo da ASTM do RF no pós-treinamento e aumentou a ASTM do VL com apenas quatro semanas de treinamento / The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different strength training volumes on muscle strength and hypertrophy of the lower limbs after four, eight and twelve weeks of strength training in strength-trained individuals. Twenty-six healthy young males (age 23.6 ± 4.6 years, body mass 76.6 ± 7.5 kg, height 1.75 ± 0.1 cm), with an average experience of strength training (4.7 ± 4.1 years) were divided into three groups, high-volume strength training (TFAV, n = 8), mid-volume strength training (TFMV, n = 9) and low-volume strength training (TFBV, n = 9). Maximum dynamic strength (1RM) and muscle cross-sectional area (MCSA) of the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) were measured at baseline, after four weeks, after eight weeks and post-training. The total training volume significantly increased for the groups TFAV (p < 0.0001), TFMV (p < 0.0001) and TFBV (p < 0.0001) throughout the experimental period. The 1RM values increased after the eighth weeks of training, compared to baseline values, for the TFAV (11.8 ± 4.7%; p < 0.0001), TFMV (12.1 ± 8.5%; p < 0.0001), and TFBV (9.6 ± 7.3%; p < 0.001) groups, and post-training TFAV (13.9 ± 3.9%; p < 0.0001), TFMV (16.7 ± 10.8%; p < 0.0001) and TFBV (14.0 ± 8.1%; p < 0.0001) for all groups, with no difference between groups. Only TFAV group presented higher RF MCSA values at post-training (15.0 ± 11.9%; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, only TFAV significantly increased the VL MCSA after four weeks of training (7.71 ± 4.42%; p < 0.0001). All of the groups presented significantly greater VL MCSA than baseline values at eight weeks TFAV (11.37 ± 3.88%; p < 0.0001), TFMV (9.68 ± 9.36%; p < 0.0001) and TFBV (7.26 ± 3.15%; p < 0.01) and at post-training TFAV (14.54 ± 4.07%; p < 0.0001), TFMV (14.77 ± 8.24% ; p < 0.0001) and TFBV (8.66 ± 3.97%; p < 0.001), with no difference between groups. The results of this study demonstrated that, regardless of the adopted volume, the muscle strength gains were similar. On the other hand , MCSA was influenced by the training volume, since the TFAV was the only group that showed significant increase of RF MCSA post- training and increased VL MCSA with only four weeks of training

Introdução: As doenças cardíacas (DC) representam a principal causa de morte da população brasileira. Evidências epidemiológicas mostram que a alimentação é fator de risco para o desenvolvimento dessas doenças. Objetivo: Verificar a associação da alimentação, com incidência de DC referida, segundo variáveis demográficas e biopsicossociais. Métodos: Foram utilizados dados do Estudo SABE (Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento), longitudinal, epidemiológico, de base domiciliar, realizado em 2000 (2.143 idosos) e, em 2006 (1.115 idosos), no município de São Paulo Brasil. A população de estudo foi constituída por idosos ( 66 anos), de ambos os sexos, que não referiram DC, em 2000, e que apresentavam todos os dados necessários para este estudo. As variáveis analisadas foram: DC referida, em 2006; alimentação, referida em 2000, incluindo - número de refeições (Nref - < 3 e 3/dia), frequência de ingestão de líquidos (Lq - 5 e > 5 copos/dia), de laticínios (Lat - 1x/dia), de ovos e leguminosas (Leg - 1x/semana), de carnes (Car - 3x/semana), de frutas, legumes e verduras (Flv - 2x/dia); sexo, grupo etário, autopercepção da saúde, escolaridade, companhia no domicílio, tabagismo e hipertensão arterial. Para verificar a associação, utilizou-se teste de Rao & Scott (p<0,05), para amostra complexa, e regressão logística múltipla, calculados pelo programa estatístico STATA 10.1. Resultados: Foram analisados 900 idosos, dos quais, 132 referiram DC (novos casos), em 2006, correspondendo ao coeficiente de incidência (CI) de 14,5/1.000 pessoas-ano (IC95 por cento = 12,12 17,61). Considerando as variáveis demográficas e biopsicossociais, constatou-se que a referência da saúde como rui, segundo a autopercepção e tabagismo para as mulheres, e HAS para os homens constituíram fator de risco. As demais (escolaridade, companhia no domicílio, sexo e grupo etário) não apresentaram diferença estatística em relação à referência de DC. Quanto às variáveis alimentares, verificou que, somente, a referência de não ingerir Lat e Leg, em 2000, apresentou-se associada à DC (Lat - OR: 1,97 IC 95 por cento : 1,11 - 3,47) e (Leg - OR: 2,26 IC95 por cento : 1,11 - 4,60). O CI, em relação a estes alimentos, também apresentou diferença estatística. Conclusão: Constatou-se que a alimentação dos idosos esteve associada à referência de DC. A referência de não ingerir Lat e Leg, constituiu fator de risco para DC em 2006 / Introduction: Heart diseases (HD) are the main cause of death in Brazilian population. Epidemiological evidence shows that diet can be a risk factor for the development of HD. Objective: To investigate the association of food dietary intake, with reported HD incidence, according to demographic and biopsychosocial variables. Methods: The study used data from SABE (Health, Well-being and Ageing): longitudinal, epidemiological, household survey, conducted in 2000 (2,143 elderly individuals) and in 2006 (1,115 elderly individuals), in the city of Sao Paulo - Brazil. The study population was formed by elderly individuals ( 66 y), both sexes, who did not report HD in 2000 and all the necessary data for this study existed. The variables analyzed were referred HD, in 2006; information about dietary intake in 2000, including - number of meals (<3 and 3/day), frequency of fluids intake ( 5 and > 5 cups/day ), dairy (1/day), eggs and legumes (1/week), meat (3/week), fruits and vegetables (2/day), sex, age groups, self-perceived health status, education level, home company, smoking and systemic arterial hypertension. To verify the association Rao & Scott (p <0.05) test was used for complex sample, and multiple logistic regression, calculated by STATA 10.1 statistical program. Results: 900 elderly individuals were analyzed, 132 of them reported HD (new cases) in 2006, corresponding to an incidence rate of 14.5/1,000 person-years (95 per cent CI = 12.12 to 17.61). Considering the demographic and biopsychosocial variables, the association between poor self-perceived health status and smoking for women, and reported hypertension for men, were considered risk factor for HD. The others (educational level, home company, gender and age) showed no statistical difference considering the HD reference. For dietary intake variables, it was found that only the reference of not eating Lat and Leg in 2000, showed to be associated with HD - (Lat - OR: 1.97 - 95 per cent CI: 1.1 1-3, 47) and (Leg - OR: 2.26 - 95 per cent : 1,11 - 4,60). The incidence rate, for these foods also have statistical difference. Conclusion: The elderly dietary intake influences the HD reference. The reference of not eating dairy and legume was a risk factor for HD

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:31:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juarez Bezerra Galvao.pdf: 15813941 bytes, checksum: 43047b00928e8069016d487fc9b1b376 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-16 / This text production aims to present senses, meanings and knowledge of school subjects across the mining project in Juruti, Amazon, analyzing the impact of Alcoa's project for education and Juruti County in western Pará as mining activity production grew at expanded their domains in Brazil in the last 20 years playing the discourse of development with sustainability. However, there are many differences regarding the effectiveness of this speech, given the large social - cultural - political - environmental that mining activities cause and continue to cause, especially in countries with weak control actions and penalties for crimes against impacts environment. ALCOA, a U.S. company engaged in the extraction of bauxite, was installed in Juruti County, State of Pará in 2003, with a future perspective to implement a plant for the production of alumina and aluminum in the Amazon. The deployment of the company did not give a harmonic way, because different social groups engaged in actions to derail its implementation in the region. This scenario prompted us to study more deeply the perspective of critical theory reconceptualized the educational reality in the city amid the interference of mining. It is a thesis of qualitative methodological approach to data collection we employed the semi - structured interviews, direct observation and application of targeted questionnaires to the following subjects: managers and coordinators of SEMED, the directors of the Municipal Board of Education (CME); director , teaching coordination, faculty and staff of the schools included in the study. Focus groups were held with representatives of students in participating schools ; closed questionnaires addressed to students and parents; document analysis and participant observation of everyday school life. We believe that this thesis contributes to the debate about the exploitation of the Amazon, as well as the role of education in this context / A presente produção textual tem como propósito apresentar sentidos, significados e saberes dos sujeitos escolares frente ao projeto de mineração em Juruti, na Amazônia, analisando as repercussões do projeto da Alcoa para a educação e o Município de Juruti no Oeste do Pará. A mineração como atividade produtiva cresceu a ampliou seus domínios no Brasil nos últimos 20 anos reproduzindo o discurso de desenvolvimento com sustentabilidade. Contudo, muitas são as divergências quanto à efetividade deste discurso, tendo em vista os grandes impactos sociaisambientais- culturais-políticos que as atividades de mineração provocam e continuam provocando, especialmente nos países com frágeis ações de controle e penalização para os crimes contra o meio ambiente. A ALCOA, uma empresa norte americana que atua na extração da bauxita, foi instalada no Município de Juruti, no Estado do Pará em 2003, com uma perspectiva futura de implantar uma usina de produção de alumina e alumínio na Amazônia. A implantação da empresa não se deu de forma harmônica, pois diferentes segmentos sociais envolveram-se em ações para inviabilizar sua implantação na região. Este cenário instigou-nos a estudar mais profundamente, na perspectiva da teoria crítica reconceituada à realidade educacional no município em meio às interferências da mineradora. É uma tese de abordagem metodológica qualitativa que para a coleta de dados lançamos mão da entrevista semiestruturada, observação direta e aplicação de questionários direcionados aos seguintes sujeitos: gestores e coordenadores pedagógicos da SEMED; aos conselheiros do Conselho Municipal de Educação (CME); diretor, coordenação pedagógica, professores e funcionários das escolas incluídas no estudo. Realizaram-se grupos focais com representantes de alunos das escolas participantes; questionários fechados direcionados a alunos e pais; análise de documentos e observação participante do cotidiano escolar. Acreditamos que esta tese vem contribuir para o debate sobre a exploração da Amazônia, assim como o papel da educação neste contexto

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-01-16T16:40:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Calçada Monteiro.pdf: 513719 bytes, checksum: 4a9439ccaafde5dd16f0da649b78aa86 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-16T16:40:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliana Calçada Monteiro.pdf: 513719 bytes, checksum: 4a9439ccaafde5dd16f0da649b78aa86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-25 / This paper has the purpose of analyzing the main aspects, either practical and theoretical, of solidary obligations. Despite the significant amount of already existing works on this subject, the theme is justifiable because of its vastness, which will never be exhausted, as well as because of the always current practical relevance of solidarity, which provides the parties to the obligatory relationship greater safety and convenience, and which is given new contours as the principles and guiding values of social relationships are modified, which causes this subject never to become obsolete. Based upon extensive literature research, of national and foreign doctrine, this paper will write about solidary obligations’ origins, concept and structure, as well as practical applicability of solidary obligations in our current reality / Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar os principais aspectos, teóricos e práticos, das obrigações solidárias. Apesar da quantidade significativa de obras já existentes a tal respeito, justifica-se o tema por sua vastidão, que nunca será esgotada, e pela sempre atual importância prática da solidariedade, que confere aos sujeitos da relação obrigacional maiores segurança e comodidade, e que ganha novos contornos conforme vão se modificando os princípios e valores norteadores das relações sociais, pelo que este tema jamais se tornará obsoleto. Com amparo em ampla pesquisa bibliográfica, de doutrina nacional e estrangeira, o presente trabalho abordará as obrigações solidárias desde a sua origem, conceito e estrutura, até a sua aplicabilidade prática na realidade atual

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