O conhecimento tradicional (CT) das populações costeiras pode ser fundamental para a Gestão Costeira Integrada (GCI), pois é de base empírica e combina informações sobre o comportamento dos organismos marinhos e sua taxonomia, processos físicos-oceanográficos, métodos tradicionais de manejo dos recursos naturais, etc. O principal objetivo desse trabalho foi compreender o CT de pescadores artesanais da Baía do Araçá e aplica-lo à gestão costeira através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas conjuntamente com a composição de mapas etnográficos e da sistematização das informações adquiridas. As informações etno-oceanográficas levantadas também foram aplicadas a dois modelos conceituais de orientação para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de gestão local, amplamente utilizados na gestão, a análise SWOT e o DPSIR. A Baía do Araçá é palco de conflitos e impactos que comumente influenciam a qualidade das regiões costeiras e suas relações socioambientais, havendo uma forte necessidade de planejamento do uso do território e, assim, servindo como exemplo para outras localidades. Ao todo, 18 pescadores foram identificados como informantes e entrevistados. Todos demonstraram ter afinidade com a Baía do Araçá e atribuíram ao local uma grande importância para a manutenção de seu modo de vida. Na pesca, foi verificado que a utilização de diferentes estratégias e equipamentos varia conforme as condições do mar e do tempo, espécies-alvo, locais de pesca e de acordo com os saberes e habilidades que cada um possui. De modo geral, os pescadores demonstraram ser \"local experts\", possuindo elevado conhecimento do ambiente que utilizam tanto para sobrevivência como para reprodução sociocultural de seu modo de vida caiçara. As análises SWOT e do DPSIR contribuíram para a sistematização do CT levantado, possibilitando sua utilização por gestores e sua aplicação para o planejamento local. Recomenda-se que esse saber e a participação dos pescadores na tomada de decisão sejam considerados na planificação de políticas de gestão dos espaços e recursos naturais costeiro-marinhos. / The traditional knowledge (TK) of coastal populations may be fundamental to Integrated Coastal Management (ICG), as it is based on empirical practices and combines information about the behavior of marine organisms and their taxonomy, physical-oceanographic processes, traditional methods of natural resource management, etc. The major aim of this work was to understand the TK of artisanal fishermen from Araçá Bay and apply it to coastal management through semi-structured interviews along with the composition of ethnographic maps and the systematization of the acquired information. The ethno-oceanographic information obtained was also applied in two conceptual models, widely used in management, that can guideline the development of local management strategies: the SWOT analysis and DPSIR. Araçá Bay has a scene of multiple conflicts and impacts that commonly influence the quality of coastal regions and their socio-environmental relations, outstanding the important need to plan the use of this territory. Thus the study area serve as an example for other localities. In total, 18 fishermen were identified as informants and were interviewed. All of them demonstrated affinity with Araçá Bay and attribute to this place a great importance for the maintenance of their way of life. For fishing, it was verified that the use of different strategies and equipment varies according to the conditions of the sea and of the weather, to the target species, fishing places and according to the knowledge and abilities that each one possesses. In general, fishermen demonstrated to be \"local experts\", possessing an abundant knowledge of the environment that they use for both survival and sociocultural reproduction of their way of life. SWOT and DPSIR analyzes contributed to the systematization of the registered TK, allowing its use by managers and its application for local planning. It is recommended that both the TK and the participation of fishermen in decision-making practices should be considered in policies of management planning for coastal areas and natural resources.

A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE TOOLS &amp / TECHNIQUES USED IN COASTAL PLANNING: CASE STUDY MUGLA-G&Ouml / KOVA SPECIAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AREA Yusufoglu, Ay&ccedil / a M. S., Programme of City Planning Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Serap Kayas&uuml / June 2010, 119 Pages This study focuses on the issue of coastal area management in terms of planning techniques and tools as well as legal aspects necessary in order to clarify the components of a successful coastal area planning process. It has been emphasized that planning of the coastal area should be performed within the context of integrated policy mechanism considering maintance of biodiversity, public participation and, promoting diversification among coastal related economic uses such as tourism, aquaculture, fishing. The thesis haS been grouped into according to definitions of coastal area, coastal planning and legislation, institutions, organizations, international commisions regarding coastal areas and G&ouml / kova Special Environment Protection Area from the perspective of Integrated Coastal Management (ICM). The case section of the thesis formed by five phases of G&ouml / kova SEPA 1/25.000 scaled Environmental Relation Plan in order to achieve ICM. Also, this is the first study performed by the reviewing of the tools and techniques used in the G&ouml / kova SEPA towards Integrated Coastal Management approach.

O Gerenciamento Costeiro Integrado (GCI) pressupõe diálogo entre diferentes interesses, e a participação social nas tomadas de decisão é um princípio importante. Entretanto, as ações de indivíduos e grupos não são fundamentadas em uma única realidade objetiva, mas sim em diferentes formas de perceber o mundo. Conflitos são gerados quando a tomada de decisão é feita pela visão unilateral de poucos segmentos da sociedade, em detrimento de diferentes entendimentos com base na vivência dos lugares. Este estudo investigou a variabilidade e os significados de diferentes formas de perceber e representar o ambiente existente entre diferentes grupos sociais, abordando ainda percepções sobre áreas protegidas e o senso de responsabilidade para a conservação. A região de Cananéia foi tomada como estudo de caso devido à sua relevância à conservação. Foi adotada metodologia de entrevistas com diferentes grupos sociais. Suas percepções e representações revelaram que a região, apesar das riquezas ambiental e cultural, é palco de diversos conflitos socioambientais, estando sujeita a diversas ameaças. Estudos de percepção e representações sociais fornecem um entendimento aprofundado sobre os significados atribuídos aos lugares e ao território, informações valiosas que podem auxiliar o GCI à tomar decisões de melhor qualidade. / The Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) requires dialogue between different interests and social participation in decision-making is an important principle. However, the actions of individuals and groups are not based on a single objective reality, but in different ways of perceiving the world. Conflicts are generated when decision-making is done by one-sided view of a few segments of society, rather than different understandings based on the experience of places. This study investigated the variability and the meanings of different ways of perceiving and representing the environment that exist between different social groups, also addressing perceptions of protected areas and the sense of responsibility for conservation. The Cananéia region was taken as a case study because of its high relevance to conservation. The methodology of interviewing was adopted and conducted with different social groups. Their perceptions and representations revealed that in this region, despite the cultural and environmental wealth, several environmental conflicts take place, making it subject to threats. Studies of perception and social representations give a deeper understanding of the meanings attributed to places and territory, valuable information that can help the ICM to make decisions with better quality.

O Gerenciamento Costeiro Integrado (GCI) pressupõe diálogo entre diferentes interesses, e a participação social nas tomadas de decisão é um princípio importante. Entretanto, as ações de indivíduos e grupos não são fundamentadas em uma única realidade objetiva, mas sim em diferentes formas de perceber o mundo. Conflitos são gerados quando a tomada de decisão é feita pela visão unilateral de poucos segmentos da sociedade, em detrimento de diferentes entendimentos com base na vivência dos lugares. Este estudo investigou a variabilidade e os significados de diferentes formas de perceber e representar o ambiente existente entre diferentes grupos sociais, abordando ainda percepções sobre áreas protegidas e o senso de responsabilidade para a conservação. A região de Cananéia foi tomada como estudo de caso devido à sua relevância à conservação. Foi adotada metodologia de entrevistas com diferentes grupos sociais. Suas percepções e representações revelaram que a região, apesar das riquezas ambiental e cultural, é palco de diversos conflitos socioambientais, estando sujeita a diversas ameaças. Estudos de percepção e representações sociais fornecem um entendimento aprofundado sobre os significados atribuídos aos lugares e ao território, informações valiosas que podem auxiliar o GCI à tomar decisões de melhor qualidade. / The Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) requires dialogue between different interests and social participation in decision-making is an important principle. However, the actions of individuals and groups are not based on a single objective reality, but in different ways of perceiving the world. Conflicts are generated when decision-making is done by one-sided view of a few segments of society, rather than different understandings based on the experience of places. This study investigated the variability and the meanings of different ways of perceiving and representing the environment that exist between different social groups, also addressing perceptions of protected areas and the sense of responsibility for conservation. The Cananéia region was taken as a case study because of its high relevance to conservation. The methodology of interviewing was adopted and conducted with different social groups. Their perceptions and representations revealed that in this region, despite the cultural and environmental wealth, several environmental conflicts take place, making it subject to threats. Studies of perception and social representations give a deeper understanding of the meanings attributed to places and territory, valuable information that can help the ICM to make decisions with better quality.

Sustainable development of global marine resources has been the focus of various United Nations' agencies and coastal nations since World War II. As capture fisheries resources have come under pressure and perhaps reached their sustainable limit concern has been expressed over the ability to continue to meet the protein needs of expanding populations. One potentially significant contributor to addressing the food needs of the world is marine farming (mariculture). The expansion of marine farming in developing countries has been well-addressed in the literature, but marine farming in developed countries has received less attention. The traditional biophysical requirements of marine farming (sheltered clean water of appropriate depth) have led to conflicts with other users of the coastal environment. In the developed countries in particular, suitable sites are contested places of consumption (recreation, tourism) as well as production (capture fisheries). Moreover, the adjacent terrestrial land and water uses can significantly affect acceptability of marine farming. The avoidance of conflicts and the achievement of sustainable development in such settings are largely dependent on the systems of governance. In developed countries, these are often articulated through planning regimes and associated 'rights'. The global terrestrial planning response in the first two thirds of the 20th Century was dominated by a modernist approach to planning. In the later stages, a post-modern challenge coincided with the rise of neo-liberalism in many developed countries. Planning in New Zealand has shown a similar pattern. The extent to which modern, postmodern and neo-liberal approaches might have been manifest in the marine environment, especially with regard to marine farming, has received little attention. In most developed countries there has been an institutional separation between terrestrial and marine administrative agencies that has resulted in conflict between these agencies and between the regimes they work within and help create. Integrated Coastal Management emerged as a response to this situation and had become the dominant planning regime for coastal resources by the last decade of the 20th Century. It was largely uncritically promoted and accepted, especially by United Nations and coastal state government agencies. These themes provide the broad theoretical and practical context for this thesis. Since the 1970s, there has been a revolutionary break in New Zealand's resource management from a centralized command and control style of modernist planning to a neo-liberal, planning regime characterised by elements of modernism and postmodernism. Concurrently it has revamped, but failed to integrate, coastal and fisheries management and planning. Ironically, each of the resulting primary marine resource management statutes (the Resource Management Act 1991 (RMA) and the Fisheries Act 1983/1996 (FA83/96)) is considered to implement a world-leading model. Marine farming lies at the interface between the regimes created by these and preceding Acts and the nature of the regimes is explored in relation to marine farming. The development of the regimes and the rationale for them is set out with the aid of Scott's (1989, 2000b) axial model of the characteristics of a property right. The thesis groups the development of the New Zealand planning regimes for marine farming into four era: pre-modern (1866-1964), proto-modern (1964-1971), modern (1971-1991), and transitional (1991-2001). The evolution of the industry is shown largely to follow a generalized model of the industry in developed countries. This suggests that the nature of the property rights available for marine farming in New Zealand is not of great significance in the general development of the industry. The planning regime, however, significantly affects the spatial pattern of development of the industry. An analysis of provisions for marine farms in various plans suggests quite different planning 'styles' and approaches have been adopted in different parts of the country at different times. A Geographic Information System of all individual marine farms in New Zealand is developed to the stage where it can be combined with other data to investigate the spatial patterns that have evolved in New Zealand. A typology of patterns of farm arrangement in relation to other farms is apparent from the resultant mapped information. These patterns are shown to represent the outcomes of a combination of competing rights and the responses of and to the contemporaneous planning regimes. The consequences of adopting different styles of planning are apparent. This macro-level research is extended to the micro-level by an exploration of variables affecting the individual farmer's locational decisions. A national postal questionnaire survey of marine farm owners yielded 148 usable responses (32% response rate). Inferential statistical analytical tools were used to test the significance of relationships between particular variables. Multivariate analyses were used to cluster the respondents and the variables and to search for latent factors. These analyses supported field interview findings with regard to the importance of particular variables, especially planning regimes in directing the location and nature of marine farming. The results enabled development of a descriptive model for exploring and comparing the quality of different means of acquiring marine space for marine farming. The analyses also confirmed that significant changes were occurring within the structure of the industry. Analysis of the field interviews, maps, policy documents, Environment Court decisions and other secondary material shows the major capture fishing companies are increasingly dominating the industry. There was a notable presence of a category of 'entrepreneur site developers' exploiting the neo-liberal nature of the planning regimes of the 1990s to open up new areas for marine farming on scales unprecedented in the rest of the world. The consequent race for space has met with stiff resistance from the capture fishing industry, but more especially from the recreational sector. This has led to significant transaction costs. The Government response, a partial moratorium on marine farm development in November 2001, is shown to emulate the modernist command and control style of planning of twenty years earlier and to signal a failure of neo-liberal ideology to meet the needs of the industry and the public at large.

Integrated coastal management (ICM) has been the basis for coastal planning and management since the 1970s. The theory and practice of ICM is based on the premise that increased integration of planning and management in the coastal zone will lead to improved environmental and social outcomes for the coast. In the context of global and national trends, this thesis examines the application of ICM in three place-based coastal case studies in Victoria: the Gippsland Lakes, Point Nepean and the Geelong region. The particular focus is on the twin challenges of coastal urbanisation and the impacts of climate change. Through a wide range of applied research techniques including focus groups, the research explores the pressures, issues, impacts and implications for ICM and beyond. The case studies point to a number of important implications for ICM and identify opportunities for a more sustainable approach to coastal planning. In reviewing the research findings, a set of five steps and six principles are proposed to respond to policy failures and provide for a transition to more sustainable coastal planning in Victoria. The five steps involve expanding the theory of ICM to be outcome based and regional in its approach to coastal planning and management. In the context of climate change, a more adaptive and systems approach has been incorporated along with recognising the even greater importance of community engagement in coastal planning processes during a period of increased uncertainty and change. The principal instrument for change is a tripartite intergovernmental agreement on sustainable coastal planning underpinned by a set of six principles. These include: agreed and shared outcomes for the coastal environment to facilitate horizontal and vertical integration; an adaptive and systems approach integrating science and urban planning drawing on experience and knowledge in both disciplines; incorporation of the shared outcomes and an adaptive approach into urban and regio nal planning systems for local implementation; regional governance arrangements for integration of policy outcomes and community involvement; capacity building for sustainable coastal planning including interdisciplinary research and community education and long term monitoring and evaluation. The transition from ICM to sustainable coastal planning does not discard ICM but rather incorporates its strengths and adapts the concept to meet the twin challenges of coastal urbanisation and climate change. Further research questions are posed to indicate how the research findings could be further developed as part of a future coastal research agenda. The research findings seek to make a contribution to the theory and practice of ICM to build a pathway to coastal planning for the benefit of our coast and future generations.

Dissertação(mestrado)-Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Ambiental, Instituto de Educação, 2009. / Submitted by eloisa silva (eloisa1_silva@yahoo.com.br) on 2012-07-25T00:08:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 luciana sereneski de lima.pdf: 1456482 bytes, checksum: f651f32da335e2a3ce0b3a1afd519aff (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2012-07-25T03:14:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 luciana sereneski de lima.pdf: 1456482 bytes, checksum: f651f32da335e2a3ce0b3a1afd519aff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-25T03:14:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 luciana sereneski de lima.pdf: 1456482 bytes, checksum: f651f32da335e2a3ce0b3a1afd519aff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma leitura do processo participativo no Conselho Ambiental da Ilha dos Marinheiros pela perspectiva da Educação Ambiental Transformadora. A leitura que se realizou teve a intenção de aprofundar o entendimento sobre a teoria e prática da participação no campo teórico do Gerenciamento Costeiro Integrado e avaliar a condução desse processo pelos técnicos do Laboratório de Gerenciamento Costeiro da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (LabGerco/FURG). A partir da perspectiva sócio-histórica de pesquisa qualitativa, as reuniões do Conselho que ocorreram no ano de 2008 foram acompanhadas e entrevistas realizadas com os conselheiros. O texto resultante da transcrição das falas dos entrevistados foi analisado em busca de entender as múltiplas determinações que definem e situam o processo participativo. Dentre as diversas questões levantadas ao longo da análise, consideram-se cruciais para entender este espaço participativo e seu funcionamento àquelas relativas à origem do Conselho e sua institucionalidade, ao papel da FURG e às visões de participação em disputa. O Conselho originou-se a partir de um processo empreendido por agentes externos à Ilha, não sendo um espaço de participação almejado pelos ilhéus e pelo qual lutaram. Antes disso, o Conselho resulta de uma luta que os ilhéus “perderam”, uma vez que resultou do embargo da obra da ponte que seria para os ilhéus a única forma de trazer o progresso para a Ilha. A segunda questão posta diz respeito ao Plano de Manejo da Ilha, documento que traça as principais linhas de ação do Conselho e assume uma visão de futuro para a Ilha dos Marinheiros. Foi observado que a aposta para o futuro da Ilha assumida pelos agentes condutores do processo (equipe do LabGerco/FURG), e presente no referido documento, difere do posicionamento dos ilhéus participantes do processo de planejamento, que depois se tornaram conselheiros. Este conflito centrase especialmente sobre o incentivo ao turismo defendido pelos elaboradores do Plano, enquanto os ilhéus afirmaram a necessidade de se trabalhar questões relativas à busca de melhores condições para sua vida, buscando centrar o Plano na mobilização de esforços para melhorar as atividades de agricultura e pesca. Já o papel do Conselho foi descrito de diferentes formas, entre elas está o controle da entrada de iniciativas e atividades na Ilha, no entanto, o Conselho não dispõe dos instrumentos, institucionalidade e poder necessário para tanto. O Conselho também teria o papel de lutar por mudanças e garantir a participação da comunidade no desenvolvimento, além de ser um espaço de discussão dos problemas e criação de soluções, que seriam propostas a outros órgãos. Neste ponto, reside um problema que diz respeito à indefinição do agente executor do Plano de Manejo, a quem o Conselho deveria aconselhar. Outra questão importante é sobre o papel da FURG no processo, assumindo uma função que pode ser metaforizada pela imagem de um controlador neutro. Por um lado há o discurso do “aprender a aprender” e da neutralidade desta instituição. Por outro lado, o controle das ações do Conselho é exercido de diversas formas. Partindo da análise sobre a concepção de educação e de participação adotados, não foi possível a construção da emancipação nem contribuir ao empoderamento dos educandos, gerando uma relação de profunda dependência. Isto se apresenta como um risco à sobrevivência do Conselho pela intenção expressa da equipe da FURG retirar-se do processo “em um momento ou outro”, o que é agravado pelo fim do Programa Costa Sul que dotava os recursos financeiros que subsidiaram a atuação de tal equipe. Finalmente, permeando diversas das questões postas está o conflito e a disputa entre diferentes sentidos para a participação. Uma alinha-se à tendência hegemônica enquanto a outra pressupõe sua crítica. O dado essencial é que esta disputa permanece velada, ao menos aos olhos dos agentes internos. Partindo destas questões levantadas, há propostas para ação educativa organizadas em três momentos: curso de formação dos conselheiros ilhéus; reflexões com a equipe condutora do processo; e reflexões no âmbito do Conselho como um todo. As propostas fundam-se na necessidade posta aos educadores progressistas de aproveitar os espaços de participação na luta pela transformação da sociedade (FREIRE, 2003). / This study aimed at achieving a reading of the participatory process in the Environmental Council of Ilha dos Marinheiros by the prospect of Transformative Environmental Education. Such reading was held with the intent on deepening the understanding of the theory and practice of participation in the theoretical field of Integrated Coastal Management. Therefore, evaluating the conduct of that process by the technicians of the Laboratory of Coastal Management, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (LabGerco/FURG), was also an essential part of the objective. The Council meetings were attended throughout 2008 and interviews with the counselors were carried out from the socio-historical perspective of qualitative research. The resulting text from the transcript of the speech of interviewees was analyzed in search of understanding the multiple determinations which define and place the participatory process. Among the various issues raised during the analysis, the keys to understand that space and its operation are those related to the origin of the Council and its institutionalities, to the role of FURG, and to the views of participation under disputation. Originated from a process undertaken by staff from outside the island, the Council is not a space of participation sought by the islanders, by which they fought; in fact, it stems from a fight they “lost”, as the result of the restriction on the construction of the bridge that the islanders believed it would bring progress to the Island. The second question raised concerns the Management Plan of Ilha dos Marinheiros, which outlines the leading actions for the Council and is a vision of future for the island. The bet taken by the team driving the process for the future of the island (the team of LabGerco/FURG), as registered in the document, was considered to differ from the positioning of islanders participating of the planning process, who then became counselors. The conflict focuses specifically on the tourism promotion advocated by the Plan designers. The islanders expressed the need to work on issues in search of better conditions for living, as they tried to focus the plan on mobilizing efforts to improve the activities of agriculture and fishery. The Council’s role was described by the interviewees in different ways, among which was the control of entry of initiatives and activities to the island. However, the Council did not have the instruments, institutionality, nor power for that. The Council should also play the role of fighting for change and ensuring community participation in the development, besides being a forum for discussing problems and creating solutions to be proposed to other sectors of society. At this point, there is a problem concerning the vagueness of the official executioner of the Management Plan of Ilha dos Marinheiros, which the Council itself must advise. Another important issue is the role of FURG in the process, assuming a role that can be illustrated as the image of a neutral controller. On the one hand there is the discourse of “learning to learn” and the neutrality of the institution. On the other hand, the control of the Council is exercised in several ways. From the analysis on the concept of education and participation adopted, we concluded that construction of empowerment and emancipation was not possible. Furthermore, the form that the technicians had conducted the process created a deep relationship of dependency. Such a fact shows a risk to the survival of the Council, given the intention expressed by the FURG’s team of withdrawing from the process “at a time or another”. That is exacerbated by the end of the Programa Costa Sul, which gave financial support to subsidize the activities of the team. Finally, all this issues are permeated by the conflict and dispute among different senses of participation. One of them joins to the hegemonic trend while the other assumes its criticism. The key element is that such dispute remains hidden, at least in the eyes of islanders counselors. Taking these issues into account, a proposal for educational activity are herein presented organized in three stages: a training course for islander counselors; discussions with the team driving the process; and reflections within the Council as a whole. The proposals are based on the need put to progressive educators to use the spaces for participating in the struggle of transforming society (FREIRE, 2003).

O Zoneamento Ecológico-Econômico do Litoral Norte de São Paulo (ZEELN) define características, diretrizes e metas para a gestão e uso da zona costeira. Foi construído sob a ótica da participação e aprendizagem social, buscando integrar interesses diversos, como os do setor pesqueiro artesanal. No presente trabalho, o levantamento de dados através de entrevistas semi estruturadas em duas comunidades de pescadores artesanais com maior e menor grau de isolamento permitiu: analisar a participação social na elaboração e implementação do ZEELN e suas consequências, levantar características socioeconômicas das comunidades e determinar sua influência na aceitação do ZEELN e analisar a possibilidade de emprego do conhecimento ecológico local (LEK) na definição de zonas de restrição. A pouca influência dos pescadores na definição das zonas marinhas (ZEEM) gerou conflitos na aceitação das restrições de maneira diferente em cada comunidade, apesar do semelhante grau de envolvimento. A satisfação com o ZEEM variou com o tipo de pesca praticado e para ser maior é necessário fortalecer as representações locais, e considerar as necessidades de cada comunidade e tipo de pesca em seu desenho. O LEK apresenta influências das vontades políticas locais que aparentemente norteiam a opinião dos pescadores e que devem ser consideradas na gestão costeira. / The Ecological-Economic Zoning of São Paulo\'s Northern Coast (EEZNC) defines characteristics, presents guidelines and goals for management and land use of the coastal area. It was shaped considering the concepts of social participation and social learning, in an attempt to integrate diverse interests, such as artisanal fishermen\'s. This work collected data through semi-structured interviews in two fishermen communities (an urban and an isolated community) aiming to: characterize social participation in EEZNC\'s elaboration and implementation process and analyze its consequences, characterize the communities\' social economic profiles and their influence on acceptance of EEZNC\'s restrictions and investigate the possibility of using local ecological knowledge (LEK) for defining fishing restricted areas. The low fishermen participation in defining marine zones (EEMZ) has originated conflicts in accepting the imposed limits in a different way in each community, despite showing similar level of stakeholder engagement. Satisfaction regarding EEZM is related to the type o fishing gear applied and improving it involves establishing effective representations and considering each community and gear users\' needs and wishes individually. LEK is influenced by local political will which seems to be the greater influence in restriction acceptance, enforcing the need do consider this will in integrated coastal management practices.

O Zoneamento Ecológico-Econômico do Litoral Norte de São Paulo (ZEELN) define características, diretrizes e metas para a gestão e uso da zona costeira. Foi construído sob a ótica da participação e aprendizagem social, buscando integrar interesses diversos, como os do setor pesqueiro artesanal. No presente trabalho, o levantamento de dados através de entrevistas semi estruturadas em duas comunidades de pescadores artesanais com maior e menor grau de isolamento permitiu: analisar a participação social na elaboração e implementação do ZEELN e suas consequências, levantar características socioeconômicas das comunidades e determinar sua influência na aceitação do ZEELN e analisar a possibilidade de emprego do conhecimento ecológico local (LEK) na definição de zonas de restrição. A pouca influência dos pescadores na definição das zonas marinhas (ZEEM) gerou conflitos na aceitação das restrições de maneira diferente em cada comunidade, apesar do semelhante grau de envolvimento. A satisfação com o ZEEM variou com o tipo de pesca praticado e para ser maior é necessário fortalecer as representações locais, e considerar as necessidades de cada comunidade e tipo de pesca em seu desenho. O LEK apresenta influências das vontades políticas locais que aparentemente norteiam a opinião dos pescadores e que devem ser consideradas na gestão costeira. / The Ecological-Economic Zoning of São Paulo\'s Northern Coast (EEZNC) defines characteristics, presents guidelines and goals for management and land use of the coastal area. It was shaped considering the concepts of social participation and social learning, in an attempt to integrate diverse interests, such as artisanal fishermen\'s. This work collected data through semi-structured interviews in two fishermen communities (an urban and an isolated community) aiming to: characterize social participation in EEZNC\'s elaboration and implementation process and analyze its consequences, characterize the communities\' social economic profiles and their influence on acceptance of EEZNC\'s restrictions and investigate the possibility of using local ecological knowledge (LEK) for defining fishing restricted areas. The low fishermen participation in defining marine zones (EEMZ) has originated conflicts in accepting the imposed limits in a different way in each community, despite showing similar level of stakeholder engagement. Satisfaction regarding EEZM is related to the type o fishing gear applied and improving it involves establishing effective representations and considering each community and gear users\' needs and wishes individually. LEK is influenced by local political will which seems to be the greater influence in restriction acceptance, enforcing the need do consider this will in integrated coastal management practices.

A complexidade dos problemas socioambientais atuais enfrentados pela humanidade tem demandado abordagens mais participativas de produção científica, como a Ciência Pós-Normal, e de gestão, como a Gestão Baseada em Ecossistemas e a Gestão Costeira Integrada. Todas essas abordagens têm como um de seus princípios a Interdisciplinaridade, reconhecendo que o desenvolvimento de pesquisas científicas que busquem integrar diversas disciplinas, múltiplos sistemas de conhecimento e aproximar ciência e gestão são de fundamental importância em prover soluções às complexas questões postas pela sociedade. Apesar disso, a prática da interdisciplinaridade ainda encontra resistência no meio político-acadêmico onde se insere. Assim, o presente trabalho buscou abordar os desafios e as potencialidades de se desenvolver esse tipo de ciência, com foco em ecossistemas marinhos e costeiros, a partir de duas escalas de planejamento e execução científicas (top-down e bottom-up, respectivamente): i) da perspectiva de agências de fomento à pesquisa no Brasil; e ii) da análise de um projeto de pesquisa oceanográfico que objetivou ter uma abordagem interdisciplinar, como estudo de caso. A partir de entrevistas e análises documentais, buscou-se ainda fornecer subsídios ao desenvolvimento de futuros projetos científicos interdisciplinares e aprimoramento da interface ciência-gestão costeira. / The complexity of current socioenvironmental problems faced by humanity has pushed scientific endeavors towards more participative approaches, such as Post-Normal Science, and management, such as Ecosystem Based Management and Integrated Coastal Management. Interdisciplinarity is understood as one of the key elements of these approaches. Thus developing scientific researches that intend to integrate different disciplines, multiple knowledge systems and bring together policy and science is essential to provide answers to the complexities of societal issues. Nevertheless, the development of interdisciplinary research still faces many political and academic obstacles. Therefore, this study presents the challenges and potential of developing integrated science, focusing on coastal and marine ecosystems. We did that from two different planning and execution scales (top-down and bottom-up, respectively): i) from the perspective of research funding agencies; and ii) from the perspective of researchers of an oceanographic research project that intended to work in an interdisciplinarity manner as a study case. From interviews and document analyses, we provide contributions to the development of future interdisciplinary scientific research projects and to the improvement of science-policy interfaces in coastal zones.