Global ETD Search

21	Integrated Coastal Zone Management on the Swedish island Gotland : An analysis of current management and ways forward / Integrerad kustzonsförvaltning på Gotland : En analys av nuvarande förvaltning och vägar framåt Dogani, Albana January 2021 (has links) The coast of Sweden’s largest island, Gotland, is a place of conflicting interests. There is both the desire to preserve nature values and to develop the island’s tourism industry and rural areas. The planning and management of the coast are vital and faces the challenge of balancing these interests. In this study, personnel from the municipality and the county administrative board were interviewed in order to describe the status of the coastal zone management on Gotland. The results show that the shore protection and the comprehensive plan are important tools in the management of the coast. Rural areas that can be developed (LIS-areas) are identified by the municipality with regard to the tourism industry as well as ecological sustainability. However, further coastal zone management is not established, and there is a lack of tools to help management, such as integrated coastal zone management (ICZM). Furthermore, the newly proposed shore protection legislation causes uncertainty for the future of the coast. This study finds that there are, however, parts of ICZM in the planning, such as collaboration and long-term planning. However, areas such as knowledge on the coast and clear guidelines for who is responsible can be developed by implementing ICZM. ICZM is perceived as a potentially valuable tool for the coastal zone on Gotland and as a sustainable way to continue to find a balance between these conflicting interests. / Gotlands kust är en plats med motstridiga intressen, såsom att bevara naturvärden och önskan att utveckla öns besöksnäring och landsbygdsområden. Planeringen och förvaltningen av kusten är viktig och står inför utmaningen att balansera dessa intressen. I den här studien intervjuades Region Gotland och Länsstyrelsen för att beskriva statusen för kustzonsförvaltningen på Gotland. Studiens resultat visar att strandskyddet och översiktsplanen är viktiga verktyg för förvaltningen av kusten. Landsbygdsområden som kan utvecklas (LIS-områden) identifieras med hänsyn till besöksnäringen samt ekologisk hållbarhet och klimatförändringar. Men övrig kustzonsförvaltning är inte etablerad och det saknas verktyg som hjälper förvaltningen, till exempel en integrerad kustzonsplanering (IKZP). Det föreslagna strandskyddet skapar även osäkerhet för kustens framtid. Denna studie finner dock att det finns delar av IKZP i planeringen, till exempel samarbete och långsiktig planering. Områden som kunskap om kusten och tydliga riktlinjer för vem som är ansvarig kan dock utvecklas genom att implementera IKZP. IKZP upplevs som ett potentiellt värdefullt verktyg för kustzonen på Gotland och som ett hållbart sätt att fortsätta hitta en balans mellan dessa motstridiga intressen. Coastal zone management coastal zone planning integrated coastal zone management integrated coastal zone planning Integrerad kustzonsförvaltning integrerad kustzonsplanering Environmental Sciences Miljövetenskap
22	Conflits d'usage environnementaux sur les rives de la lagune de Bizerte (Tunisie) : une mise en perspective méditerranéenne / Environmental conflicts of use on the lagoon of Bizerte (Tunisia) : one put in perspective mediterranean Yahyaoui, Ahlem 24 October 2018 (has links) La thèse cherche à comprendre les significations socio-spatiales des dynamiques conflictuelles relatives à l'environnement en territoire lagunaire pour apprécier ses effets en termes de gouvernance environnementale. L'analyse porte sur les raisons et la genèse des oppositions d'acteurs à l'œuvre autour de la lagune de Bizerte (Tunisie) et de l’étang de Berre (Marseille). Mettre l’accent sur les conflits représente un enjeu pour la mise en place d’une gestion intégrée des zones humides. Ce sujet a été travaillé par d’autres chercheurs, cependant, il reste d’un intérêt majeur, d’une part, parce qu’il renforce la connaissance en la matière, et d’autre part, parce que le territoire étudié est original. La recherche pose plus particulièrement la question des éventuelles incidences que les conflits peuvent avoir sur les organisations et les institutions en place. L’action publique est-elle renouvelée suite à l’émergence ou à la régulation des conflits ? Ces questionnements se réfèrent à des enjeux de sociétés, actuels et majeurs, sur un territoire en mutation extrêmement rapide : la lagune de Bizerte, sur la rive Sud de la Méditerranée, dans un pays où le régime est en pleine transition. Cette recherche ouvre des perspectives dans l'étude du potentiel d'émergence de la démarche participative et de l'intégration sociale de la question environnementale sur des territoires littoraux, urbains ou ruraux. / The dissertation seeks to recognize the socio-spatial meanings of dynamic conflicts related to the environment in the lagoon and to assess its effects in terms of environmental governance as well. The analysis concentrates on the reasons and the genesis of the actors’ oppositions at work around the lagoon of Bizerte (Tunisia) and the pond of Berre (Marseille). Putting the light on these conflicts represents an issue for the integrated wetland management. This topic has been tackled on by other researchers. However, it remains a major interest due to the knowledge and the originality of the territory. Particularly, the thesis raises the question of the potential impacts that conflicts can have on organizations and institutions in place. In fact, is it possible that public action will be renewed to follow the emergence or conflicts regulation? This question is tied to the challenges of the current and major companies and to an extreme rapidity of territory changing: Bizerte’s lagoon is situated on the southern shore of the Mediterranean and in a country where the regime is in continuous transition. This research covers the ground to study the potential emergence of the participative approach and the social integration of environmental issues in coastal, urban and rural territory. Réseau d’acteurs Environnement Lagune Lagune de Bizerte Gouvernance environnementale Gestion intégrée des zones côtières Environmental use conflicts Network of actors Environment Lagoon Bizerte lagoon Environmental governance Integrated coastal zone management
23	Urban Coastal Settlements: Implementation Of A Coastal Area Assessment Model In Iskenderun Case Cakir, Bilge 01 August 2010 (has links) (PDF) Coastal urban settlements require a special planning approach since they bring the concepts of &ldquo / urban&rdquo / and &ldquo / coastal&rdquo / together. In relation to the specific contents of these concepts, there are also different models of management plans. &ldquo / Urban Disaster Risk Management&rdquo / and &ldquo / Integrated Coastal Zone Management&rdquo / are two of them. Urban Disaster Risk Management model deals with the planning and management problems of urban settlements in the case of disaster risk conditions. Likewise, Integrated Coastal Zone Management model focuses on the whole coastal area and deals with the sustainable use and protection of all types of coastal resources. However, in case of urban coastal settlements, these models of management plans can be valid together, can overlap, and they can even conflict with each other. In this thesis study, these two models of management plan and their coexistence are considered. A Coastal Area Assessment Model is set up and applied for Iskenderun case. This model provides a detailed spatial analysis opportunity in planning and management of coastal urban settlement. Therefore the model offers a significant input for the planning process through determining urban and coastal risks at the same time. Coastal Area Assessment Model is a tool which takes both Urban Disaster Risk Management and Integrated Coastal Zone Management models&rsquo / concerns into account and evaluates the coastal settlement in terms of urban risk sectors and coastal management issues. This study also introduces an approach on classification of the coastal areas and coastal urban settlements while setting up the Coastal Area Assessment Model. Coastal Area Assessment Model becomes an advantageous tool since it has significant contributions to the planning process by making a simple risk analysis and guiding the proper utilization and protection of the population, built environment, and resources of the coastal areas. Risk sectors, coastal management issues, critical and prior intervention areas of a coastal urban settlement are easily determined, and preparation of development plans of a coastal settlement is guided by the implementation of Coastal Area Assessment Model. In addition to these, general principles on planning and management of coastal settlements are determined by the implementation of the model for the implementation conditions of Urban Disaster Risk Management model, Integrated Coastal Zone Management model, and the Coastal Area Assessment Model in Turkey are also discussed and presented. HT City Planning, Zoning 165.5-169.9
24	Ecologically sustainable coastal management: A legal blueprint Macdonald, Roslyn January 2003 (has links) The theme of this thesis is that ecologically sustainable coastal management (ESCM) is achievable through the application of law. Once the legal principles and the administrative structures that that law supports have been put into place a framework is created within which the goal of ecologically sustainable development - 'Development that improves the total quality of life, both now and in the future, in a way that maintains the ecological processes on which life depends' can be realised. This thesis approaches the task by analysing the components of ecologically sustainable development (ESD), synthesising them into a set of principles for achieving ESCM and then, by using a comparative approach, devising a number of recommendations, which, if followed, will enable ESCM to be achieved. While the focus is on ESCM, the recommendations could be applied with minimal adaptation, to most, if not all, natural resource management. The thesis is divided into five Parts. Part A looks at the function of law in ESCM and proposes a theoretical model for a legal and administrative regime to be tested in the remaining Parts. Part B considers the context for ESCM and the policies and approaches followed by the different jurisdictions compared throughout this thesis, in addressing sustainable development, with emphasis in chapter four on devising the principles for ESCM. These principles are then developed and analysed in the remaining Parts of the thesis. Part C looks at the current constitutional legal regime for the coastal zone in each jurisdiction and then moves on to consider the first two of the principles for ESCM, international responsibilities and integrated coastal zone management, linked together in this part by the direct dependence on law as the agent for management Part D is about the four remaining principles of ESCM - the practical instruments for achieving ESCM. These are environmental impact assessment, public participation, coastal planning and economic instruments. In the last Part, Part E, the suggested principles for ESCM are brought together and, by a comparison of the various legal and administrative mechanisms used in the jurisdictions reviewed in this thesis, recommendations for achieving ESCM are drawn up. It is suggested that implementation of these recommendations will achieve ecologically sustainable coastal management. Ecologically Sustainable Development ESD ESCM precautionary principle integrated coastal zone management ICZM coastal zone management CZM public participation economic instruments coastal planning environmental impact assessment EIA natural resource management natural resource administrative model.
25	Les Infrastructures de Données Géographiques (IDG) : développement d'une méthodologie pour l'étude des usages : le cas des acteurs côtiers et de la GIZC en France / Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) : methodology development for the study of usages : the case of coastal stakeholders and ICZM in France Georis-Creuseveau, Jade 05 December 2014 (has links) Les Infrastructures de Données Géographiques (IDG) ont été mises en place depuis une vingtaine d’années afin notamment de contribuer aux politiques publiques environnementales en facilitant la mise à disposition et le partage des informations géographiques. Au vu des dynamiques en cours relatives à la fois à la production et à la circulation de l’information géographique environnementale, le questionnement à l’origine de cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre général d’une meilleure compréhension des pratiques de gestion de l’environnement. Il concerne l’étude de la contribution des IDG à la Gestion Intégrée des Zones Côtières (GIZC) française, gouvernance territoriale spécifique et complexe pour laquelle le recueil et le partage, notamment via les IDG, d’informations géographiques ont été identifiés depuis les années 2000 comme des composantes majeures pour fonder la politique de la mer et du littoral. Néanmoins, la contribution effective des IDG dépend des réponses qu’elles apportent à leurs usagers. Du point de vue méthodologique, ce travail de recherche met en oeuvre une stratégie exploratoire se focalisant sur les usages et les besoins des acteurs côtiers ainsi que sur la nature complexe et dynamique des IDG : - Une enquête nationale basée sur un questionnaire en ligne et exploitée par une triple analyse : statistique, par réseaux sociaux (Social Network Analysis) et thématique ; - Une étude de cas infranationale, reposant sur des entretiens semi-directifs auprès de personnes-ressources et analysée thématiquement puis par diagrammes de flux de données (DFD). Ces techniques de recueil et d’analyse ont été choisies et mises en oeuvre de manière intégrée et complémentaire pour permettre une compréhension, une explication et une généralisation du système IDG dans le contexte de la GIZC. Pour chacune des phases de la recherche, trois types de résultats sont dégagés : le profil des usagers, les IDG jouant un rôle dans la gestion des littoraux français, et leur contribution à la gestion de ces territoires. Il ressort de cette série de synthèses, d’abstractions et de modélisations, une contribution à la connaissance des phénomènes d’appropriation des IDG et des flux informationnels associés. / Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) have been implemented over the last twenty years in particular in order to contribute to Environmental Policy by improving geographic information access and sharing processes. Given the current dynamics of both production and circulation of environmental geographic information, the general aim underlying this research is part of the general framework for a better understanding of environmental management practices. This research focuses specifically on French SDIs and their contribution to Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM), a complex form of territorial governance for which the collection and sharing, particularly via SDIs, of geographic information have been identified, since the 2000s, as a major component on which to found coastal and marine public policies. However, the real contribution of SDIs depends on the answers they provide to their users. From a methodological perspective, this PhD is implemented by an exploratory research approach focusing on the usages and needs of coastal stakeholders as well as on the complex and dynamic nature of SDIs. The research approach is divided into two phases: - A national online survey examined by a triple analysis: Statistical analysis, Social Network Analysis (SNA) and thematic analysis;- A sub-national case study based on semi-structured interviews with key informants and analyzed thematically and by Data Flow Diagrams (DFD). These data collection and analysis techniques have been selected and implemented in an integrated and complementary approach to enable understanding, explanation and generalization of the "SDI system" in the context of ICZM. For each phase of the research, three types of results emerged: the profile of users, the type of SDIs playing a role in the management of French coasts, and their contribution to the management of these areas. The above-described research has resulted in a contribution to the knowledge of SDI appropriation and the associated information flows. Usage Modélisation Acteurs côtiers Approche pluri-méthodologique Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) Usage Modeling Coastal stakeholders Multi-methodological approach
26	Mer combattue, mer acceptée : un projet de paysages et ses problématiques Bas-Champs (Picardie, France) et Camargue (PACA, France) / Fighting off the sea, accepting the sea : a landscape project and its problematics Bas-champs (picardie, france) and camargue (paca, france) Morisseau, Gregory 08 February 2013 (has links) Les territoires et les paysages littoraux sont soumis à des risques naturels de mieux en mieux identifiés et croissants (tempêtes, submersions…), notamment sous les effets du changement climatique, dont les manifestations, pas seulement eustatiques, auront d’autres conséquences sur les paysages. Comment, dans une logique proactive, tirer parti des modifications de paysages tout en limitant, contrôlant, voire corrigeant les dérives induites par la hausse du niveau marin sur les littoraux ? L’objectif est de montrer qu’il est possible de s’ajuster à ces risques par la prise en compte des paysages et par la pratique d’une gestion plus douce et raisonnée des aménagements côtiers. Après avoir établi un bilan argumenté sur la prise en compte du paysage dans les stratégies aujourd’hui mises en œuvre pour réduire les risques d’inondation et de submersion, la thèse évalue comment le projet de paysage, processus holistique de conception et de partage de visions à long terme, peut-il être un outil de réduction de la vulnérabilité du territoire et de sa société. Puis, la thèse se focalise sur la Camargue, territoire deltaïque emblématique dont les processus naturels et sociaux ont permis d’inventer une société et des paysages créateurs de richesses dans un équilibre dynamique face aux risques permanents d’inondation et de submersion. Cependant, avec, entre autres causes, celle du changement climatique, cet équilibre stratégique est remis en question et nécessite d’élaborer les hypothèses d’une autre Camargue. Ainsi, dans une dimension exploratoire, la thèse propose une illustration argumentée de nouveaux modèles de développement et d’ajustement du système camarguais. La double prise en compte du paysage et du changement climatique et les premiers résultats de l’étude de dépoldérisation des Bas-Champs Picards, nous amènent à revendiquer la mise en œuvre d’une politique de renouvellement littoral en tant que réponse aux problèmes des territoires côtiers d’aujourd’hui et plus encore de demain. / Coastal territories and landscapes are submitted to increasing yet better identified natural risks (storms, flooding, etc.), especially under the effects of climate change. Its reflections, the eustatic ones among others, have various consequences on the landscape. How is it possible, in a proactive reasoning, to take advantage of the lanscape alterations at the same time as limitating, controling and why not correcting the excesses due to the sea level rise on the coasts ? The aim is to show that it is possible to adjust to these risks upon taking landscapes into account and managing the coastal structures a lighter and better thought-out way.An argued assessment on the way the landscape is taken into account in current strategies used to reduce the flooding risks, is followed with an evaluation of the way the landscape project, a holistic process of designing and sharing long term visions, can be used as a tool to reduce the vulnerability of both the territory and its society. Then, the thesis focuses on the emblematic Camargue delta, a territory which natural and social processes allowed to develop a society together with lanscapes creators of wealth in a dynamic balance considering the permanent flooding risks. However, keeping in mind, among other causes, that of climate change, this strategic balance is being questioned and needs the elaboration of hypotheses for another form of Camargue. Thus, in an exploratory dimension, the thesis suggests an argued illustration of new models of development and adjustment for the system of Camargue. Taking into account both the landscape and climate change, the first results of a study on managed realignment in Bas-Champs, Picardie, lead us to a demand for the implementation of a coastal regeneration policy as the answer to the issues of coastal terriories for today, and even more for tomorrow. Bas-Champs Picards Camargue Projet de paysage Prospective Paysagère Dépoldérisation Risque de submersion Renouvellement littoral Changement climatique Bas Champs (Picardie) Camargue Climate change Managed realignment Landscape architect Landscape project Landscape prospective Coastal regeneration Resilience Coastal risks Sea flood 910
27	La lutte contre la pollution marine en France / Prevention and control of marine pollution in France Pantelodimou, Eirini 09 December 2013 (has links) La mer joue un rôle essentiel dans la régulation du climat et dans l'équilibre écologique. Les océans et les mers constituent une source de richesse, un immense réservoir de ressources alimentaires et d'emplois pour un grand nombre de personnes. La mer Méditerranée est un écosystème sensible soumis à de fortes pressions par les activités humaines comme la pêche, l'exploration gazière et pétrolière, l'immersion des déchets ou d'autres matières en mer, le transport maritime, le transfert d'espèces aquatiques envahissantes par les eaux de ballast et le tourisme littoral. La France durement touchée par les naufrages de l'Amoco Cadiz, de l'Erika et du Prestige, a pris de nombreuses initiatives tant au niveau international que régional. La complexité du problème de la pollution marine, due à la diversité des facteurs polluants et à leurs sources diffuses, a favorisé une approche sectorielle. Cette approche s'est traduite par l'adoption, aux niveaux national, régional et international, d'un ensemble disparate de politiques, textes législatifs, programmes et plans d'action dans le domaine de la protection du milieu marin. Il s'agit d'un corps de règles étouffées comprenant des mesures préventives et répressives. La complexité institutionnelle et juridique de la protection du milieu marin empêche pourtant la protection effective de la mer. Dans ce contexte, la communauté internationale encourage la mise en œuvre d'une approche écosystématique pour les océans. À l'échelle européenne, l'adoption de la directive-cadre « stratégie pour le milieu marin » favorise la cohérence entre les différentes politiques européennes et l'intégration des préoccupations environnementales dans toutes les politiques liées à la mer. De plus, l'efficacité de la législation européenne dans le domaine de la lutte contre la pollution marine a été renforcée par l'adoption d'un cadre commun de responsabilité pour la prévention et la réparation des préjudices environnementaux. / The sea plays a vital role in regulating climate and in maintaining ecological balance. The oceans and the sea constitute a source of wealth, an immense reservoir of food resources and of employment for many people. The Mediterranean Sea is a sensitive ecosystem, subject to strong pressures derived from human activities, such as fishing, oil and gas exploration, dumping of waste and other matter in the sea, maritime transport, transfer of aquatic invasive species via ballast water and littoral tourism. France, severely affected by the sinking of the Amoco Cadiz, the Erika and the Prestige, took numerous initiatives not only at an international but also at a regional level. The complexity of the marine pollution problem, due to the diversity of polluting factors and to their diffuse sources, has favored a regional approach. This approach has resulted in the adoption, at a national, regional and international level, of a network of policies, legislative texts, programs and action plans in the field of marine environment protection. It constitutes a stifling body of rules, comprising preventive and repressive measures. The institutional and legal complexity of marine protection hinders, however, the effective protection of the marine environment. ln this context, the international community encourages the implementation of an ecosystem approach to oceans. At European level, the adoption of the Framework Directive «Strategy for the Marine Environment» favours a consistency between different EU policies as well as an integration of environmental considerations into ail policies related to the sea. Furthermore, the effectiveness of European legislation in the field of the fight again marine pollution, has been reinforced by the adoption of a common framework of liability with regard to the prevention and remedy of environment damage. Pollution marine venue de la mer Pollution marine d'origine tellurique Convention Marpol 73/78 Sécurité maritime Installations de réception portuaires Littoral Conventions CLC et FIPOL France Grèce Marine pollution from land-based sources Marpol convention 73/78 Maritime safety Integrated coastal zone management Mediterranean action plan (MAP) Dumping of wastes and other matter Port reception facilities Littoral zone CLC convention and fund convention France Greece 342
28	Oceanographic Considerations for the Management and Protection of Surfing Breaks Scarfe, Bradley Edward January 2008 (has links) Although the physical characteristics of surfing breaks are well described in the literature, there is little specific research on surfing and coastal management. Such research is required because coastal engineering has had significant impacts to surfing breaks, both positive and negative. Strategic planning and environmental impact assessment methods, a central tenet of integrated coastal zone management (ICZM), are recommended by this thesis to maximise surfing amenities. The research reported here identifies key oceanographic considerations required for ICZM around surfing breaks including: surfing wave parameters; surfing break components; relationship between surfer skill, surfing manoeuvre type and wave parameters; wind effects on waves; currents; geomorphic surfing break categorisation; beach-state and morphology; and offshore wave transformations. Key coastal activities that can have impacts to surfing breaks are identified. Environmental data types to consider during coastal studies around surfing breaks are presented and geographic information systems (GIS) are used to manage and interpret such information. To monitor surfing breaks, a shallow water multibeam echo sounding system was utilised and a RTK GPS water level correction and hydrographic GIS methodology developed. Including surfing in coastal management requires coastal engineering solutions that incorporate surfing. As an example, the efficacy of the artificial surfing reef (ASR) at Mount Maunganui, New Zealand, was evaluated. GIS, multibeam echo soundings, oceanographic measurements, photography, and wave modelling were all applied to monitor sea floor morphology around the reef. Results showed that the beach-state has more cellular circulation since the reef was installed, and a groin effect on the offshore bar was caused by the structure within the monitoring period, trapping sediment updrift and eroding sediment downdrift. No identifiable shoreline salient was observed. Landward of the reef, a scour hole ~3 times the surface area of the reef has formed. The current literature on ASRs has primarily focused on reef shape and its role in creating surfing waves. However, this study suggests that impacts to the offshore bar, beach-state, scour hole and surf zone hydrodynamics should all be included in future surfing reef designs. More real world reef studies, including ongoing monitoring of existing surfing reefs are required to validate theoretical concepts in the published literature. Aramoana Beach Dunedin (New Zealand) ArcGIS ArcSDE artificial surfing reef backscatter Baseline Data Collection bathymetry bathymetric surveying beach morphodynamics beach-state and morphology breaking wave height coastal engineering coastal environment coastal management coastal monitoring coastal processes coastal structures currents economic value EIA environmental data management environmental impact assessment geographic information systems geoid geomorphic surfing break categorisation GIS groin hydrodynamic modelling hydrographic surveying hydrography ICZM incline plane modelling integrated coastal zone management Main Beach Mount Maunganui (New Zealand) Manu Bay Boat Ramp Raglan (New Zealand) measuring water levels morphological coupling multibeam echo soundings oceanography offshore wave transformations Palm Beach Reefs Gold Coast (Australia) RTK GPS salient surf zone hydrodynamics surfing break components surfing reefs surfing tourism surfing wave climate surfing wave parameters Tay Street Mount Maunganui (New Zealand) wave breaking intensity wave climate wave focusing wave modelling wave peel angle wave section length wind effects on waves

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