Industrial companies that carry on innovation and operation must have well-organized and capable business systems and processes. Customer needs, market demands, global competition and technological changes drive the companies to be more adaptable, flexible and dynamic. By working in network structures as extended enterprises, the companies face new possibilities and new challenges. Design, manufacturing and delivery of high quality products to competitive prices to the customers are essential for industrial companies. Holistic view of the product life cycle from technology development, via product and business system development and realization, to business operation, is important for sustainable industrial companies. A company with engineering and manufacturing of products in a business context needs to have effective innovation of business system and process. Business innovation encompasses the area from business idea to business operation and includes customer demands and solutions. The main part of business innovation is development of the product platform including product and support structures. Product variants are created and realized by various configurations of products and production systems. The thesis is elucidating that business innovation can be carried out by working in a systematic and structured way and by utilizing engineering design theories and methods. The business models, based on a new theory with a new navigation tool for interactions, are describing which activities should be performed in business innovation with product platform development and product structuring. For companies in business with changes, innovations can create new markets and products. Well-managed and innovative companies have good possibilities to be competitive in a tough business environment. The creation of business innovation models has been carried out according to a hermeneutic research method. The research work followed the hermeneutic circle or spiral. The thesis introduces a new dimension to the design area, namely business innovation or engineering, corresponding to business design and development. Business innovation is also a new type of innovation, combining technological, product, process, market and organizational innovations in industrial companies. / QC 20100920

No description available.

The servo mechatronic system design process usually covers two different engineering domains: structure design and system control. The relationship between these two domains is much closed. In order to reduce the disturbance caused by parameters in either one, the domain knowledge from those two different fields needs to be integrated. Thus, in order to reduce the disturbance caused by parameters in either one, the mechanical and controller design domains need to be integrated. Therefore, the integrated design method Design For Control (DFC), will be employed in this thesis. In this connect, it is not only applied to achieve minimal power consumption but also enhance structural performance and system response at same time. To investigate for the integrated design method, there are two common servo mechatronic systems: feed drive system and legged servo mechatronic system are used as the design platform. 1. Mechatronic Feed Drive System To investigate the method for integrated optimization, a mechatronic feed drive system of the machine tools is used as a design platform. The 3D software, Pro/Engineer is first used to build the 3D model to analyze and design structure parameters such as elastic deformation, nature frequency and component size, based on their effects and sensitivities to the structure. Additionally, in order to achieve system robust, Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT), will be applied to determine proper control parameters for the controller. Therefore, overall physical properties of the machine tool will be obtained in the initial stage. Following this Design Then Control process, the iterative design process is following to enhance some of system performance. Finally, the technology design for control will be carried out to modify the structural and control parameters to achieve overall system performance. Hence, the corresponding productivity is expected to be greatly improved. 2. Legged Servo Mechatronic System The goal of this study is to develop a one-degree-of-freedom (DOF) legged servo mechatronic system with DFC. For this system, the kinematics and control dynamic analysis of legged servo mechatronic system have been solved by using four bar linkage with symmetrical coupler point, pantograph, and common position and velocity controller. In addition, in order to improvement system dynamic performance and reduce the control cost, the counterweight, that base on mass redistribution is employed to integrate structure and control into one design step for reduce shaking moment. Additionally, in order to improvement the system performance, the complete force balance is not only to take advantage of control cost, but also easy to control.

L’économie de marché est classiquement basée sur la vente de produits. Pourtant, au cours des dernières décennies, la compétitivité accrue dans une économie mondialisée et la raréfaction des ressources a conduit les entreprises industrielles des pays développés à réorienter leurs offres de produits par l’intégration de services. Le concept de Système Produit-Service (SPS) fait référence à cet ensemble commercialisable de produits et services, capables de répondre ensemble à un besoin utilisateur. Les SPS soulèvent beaucoup d’intérêt pour la réduction des pressions environnementales parce qu’ils font évoluer le paradigme classique de production et consommation de masse vers de nouveaux mécanismes de création de valeur. La recherche sur les SPS accorde beaucoup d’importance à leur « potentiel » pour la réduction des impacts environnementaux ainsi qu’à la nécessité de concevoir les SPS comme des ensembles « intégrés » de produits et services. Néanmoins, un important manque de réel support à la conception et à l’éco-conception de SPS est à noter. Cette thèse cherche à combler ce manque en proposant un cadre conceptuel pour la conception intégrée de SPS. Son rôle est d’assister l’intégration de produits et de services durant la conception de SPS jusqu’aux phases les plus détaillées en permettant la communication entre les ingénieurs produits et les concepteurs de services. Un cadre pour la conception intégrée de SPS est proposé, basé sur une approche système et permettant sa modélisation multi-vues. Un cadre d’évaluation environnemental lui est couplé pour évaluer, au cours de la conception, les impacts environnementaux générés durant le cycle de vie du SPS. L’applicabilité du cadre conceptuel est testée sur un cas industriel de SPS pour la fourniture d’énergie pneumatique. / Classical business economy is based on the sale of products. However, during the last decades, the increasing competition in the globalized economy and the resources rarefaction has led manufacturing companies in developed countries to re-orient their business towards integration of services in their product offers.The Product-Service System (PSS) concept is used to depict the resulting marketable set of products and services capable of jointly fulfilling a user’s need. PSS raise many interests for the reduction of the environmental pressure because they evolve the classical paradigm of mass production and consumption towards new mechanisms of value creation.In the PSS research field, a strong emphasis is put on their “potential” for decreasing the environmental impacts and on the necessity to design PSS as “integrated” sets of products and services. However, there is an important lack of effective support for PSS design and eco-design.This thesis aims at filling this gap by proposing a conceptual framework for PSS integrated eco-design. Its role is to support integration of products and services during PSS design until the most detailed phases by allowing communication between product engineers and service designers.A framework for PSS integrated design is proposed based on a system-based approach and allowing multi-views system modelling. An environmental evaluation framework is coupled to evaluate during design the environmental impacts generated over the PSS life cycle. The applicability of the conceptual framework is tested on an industrial case of a pneumatic energy delivery PSS.

La conception de produits de marque nécessite de considérer en même temps les aspects qui concernent la perception du produit (lié à l'évaluation et les émotions des consommateurs et les valeurs de la marque), ainsi que les aspects techniques et d'ingénierie, comprenant les fonctionnalités, les performances, le coût du produit et sa fabricabilité. Dans un contexte pluridisciplinaire, les designers de produits et les ingénieurs doivent collaborer et communiquer entre eux pour obtenir un produit satisfaisant qui plaise émotionnellement aux consommateurs et qui réponde techniquement aux performances attendues et qui est faisable à fabriquer. Cependant, cette collaboration entre les designers et les ingénieurs est difficile à cause de leurs différentes connaissances, approches et responsabilités au cours du processus de conception. Cette recherche s’intéresse aux questions du comment soutenir la communication entre les designers et les ingénieurs de produits et comment soutenir l'intégration de point de vue l'ingénierie au plus tôt dans le processus de conception de produit de marque. Les résultats de cette recherche contribuent à la proposition d'une approche pour intégrer le point de vue de l'ingénierie au point de vue de design (émotions et esthétique). Une proposition et évaluation de trois approches pour soutenir la communication entre les designers et les ingénieurs est étudiée dans cette recherche. De même une approche d'intégration est proposée suivant des trois étapes de modélisation, transformation et intégration des connaissances d'ingénierie à la connaissance de design. Par notre travail, nous avons contribué au projet SKIPPI, dans le développement d'un logiciel d'aide à la génération d'idées et à la prise de décision dans les phases amont de la conception. / Design of branded products involves consideration of both perceptual aspects of the product appearance (related to consumers’ evaluation and emotions and the brand values) as well as the technical and engineering aspects including manufacturing feasibility, performances, and cost. Within a multidisciplinary design context, product designers and engineering designers need to collaborate and communicate together to achieve a satisfactory product that is emotionally appealing to the consumers and is technically performing the intended functions, and is feasible to manufacture. However, such collaboration between product designers and engineering designers is difficult due to their different knowledge background, work approaches and responsibilities during the design process. This research deals with the questions of how to support the communication between product designers and engineering designers and how to support the integration of the engineering viewpoint earlier in the design process of branded product. Proposition and evaluation of three potential approaches to support communication between product designers and engineering designers is investigated in this research. Likewise an integration approach is proposed following the three steps of modeling, transforming and integrating the engineering knowledge to design knowledge. The results of this research contribute to the SKIPPI project, in the development of a software to support idea generation and the decision-making in the upstream design phase.

abstract: The building sector is responsible for consuming the largest proportional share of global material and energy resources. Some observers assert that buildings are the problem and the solution to climate change. It appears that in the United States a coherent national energy policy to encourage rapid building performance improvements is not imminent. In this environment, where many climate and ecological scientists believe we are running out of time to reverse the effects of anthropogenic climate change, a local grass-roots effort to create demonstration net zero-energy buildings (ZEB) appears necessary. This paper documents the process of designing a ZEB in a community with no existing documented ZEB precedent. The project will establish a framework for collecting design, performance, and financial data for use by architects, building scientists, and the community at large. This type of information may prove critical in order to foster a near-term local demand for net zero-energy buildings. / Dissertation/Thesis / Appendix M - Simulation and Weather Data / M.S. Built Environment 2014

La quatrième révolution industrielle confronte les organisations industrielles aux défis importants de l'innovation manufacturière, défis auxquelles les entreprises tentent de faire face en utilisant des approches de la planification stratégique de la production (PSP). Les niveaux de risque et d'incertitude intrinsèquement liés aux activités de PSP sont motivés par la nécessité de réagir à la pression en matière d'innovation qui augmente rapidement dans les entreprises industrielles, en particulier dans les secteurs axés sur la technologie tels que l'automobile. L'impact de l'innovation dans la fabrication sur les performances mondiales d'innovation de l'entreprise est plus élevé que jamais, donc il est nécessaire de passer à la prochaine étape de la PSP traditionnelle.Dans ce contexte, cette thèse propose une approche méthodologique structurée à la PSP qui repose principalement sur l'utilisation systématique de la créativité et de l'expérience d'un vaste réseau d'employés pour établir un modèle intégré pour un processus de PSP basé sur les feuilles de route technologiques.En partant d'une analyse systématique des exigences à un tel processus à partir de la littérature scientifique et des expériences pratiques, les concepts de la conception intégrée sont utilisés afin de proposer un modèle de processus générique pour PSP. Partant du niveau des mégatendances, ce modèle de processus guide les parties prenantes venants de diverses unités organisationnelles à un niveau très concret des fiches de projet placés dans la feuille de route d’'innovation de l'organisation. Le processus de base repose sur des phases succinctes de réflexion divergente et créative et de consolidation convergente et ciblée pour la prise de décision. Grâce à une approche d'orientation structurée, le processus aide les parties prenantes à atteindre le niveau de description du projet à partir du niveau de la mégatendance dans seulement trois cycles de réflexion divergente et convergente, assurant ainsi l'efficacité et la faisabilité pratique du processus. Des indicateurs de performance clés innovants sont proposés pour mesurer les performances des processus et permettre leur amélioration continue.La faisabilité et l'efficacité du modèle de processus proposé ont été validées avec succès auprès du fournisseur automobile de premier rang ZF Friedrichshafen AG en Allemagne, en tenant pleinement compte du contexte, des exigences et des contraintes spécifiques de cette entreprise. / The fourth industrial revolution confronts industrial organizations with fundamental challenges to manufacturing innovation which companies attempt to face by employing strategic planning approaches. The high levels of risk and uncertainty intrinsically linked to such planning activities are driven by the necessity of reacting to the rapidly increasing innovation pressure exerted on manufacturing companies, in particular in technology-driven sectors such as automotive. Since the impact of innovation in manufacturing on the company’s global innovation performance is higher than ever before, there is a need for taking traditional production planning to the next level.In this context, this thesis attempts to provide a key contribution to the creation of a structured methodological approach to strategic production planning that is based on systematically leveraging the creativity and experience of a vast, diverse network of employees to establish an actionable, living integrated process for manufacturing-driven innovation roadmapping.Departing from a systematic analysis of requirements to such a process both from literature and practice, concepts from integrated design research and practice are used to propose a generic process model for strategic production planning supported by a technology roadmapping approach. This process model has been designed in such a way that it guides stakeholders from various organizational units through the creative planning process from the rough level of megatrends to the very concrete level of actionable projects positioned in the organization’s innovation roadmap. The basic process relies on subsequent phases of divergent, creative thinking and convergent, focused consolidation for decision-making. Through a structured guidance approach, the process helps stakeholders reach the project description level from the megatrend level in only three cycles of divergent and convergent thinking, thereby assuring the process’ efficiency and practical feasibility. Innovative key performance indicators are proposed for measuring process performance and enabling its continuous improvement.The proposed process model’s feasibility, effectiveness and efficiency were successfully validated at the German automotive tier-1 supplier ZF Friedrichshafen, fully taking into account the company’s specific context, requirements and constraints.

A indústria da construção, nomeadamente no setor da edificação, baseia-se essencialmente em métodos de construção tradicional. Esta indústria é caracterizada pela elevada quantidade de recursos que consome, pela quantidade de resíduos que produz, a sua implicação na economia dos países e à sua inter-relação com a sociedade. Esta realidade é de todo incompatível com os desígnios do desenvolvimento sustentável, nos quais se procura a correlação harmoniosa entre as vertentes ambientais, sociais e econômicas. O desafio da sustentabilidade colocado à atividade da construção tem motivado abordagens distintas, não só por parte das várias especialidades da engenharia, como também da arquitetura. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho propôs-se a desenvolver uma Ferramenta que, de uma forma coordenada e integrada permita orientar o desenvolvimento do projeto para soluções sustentáveis ao longo das várias fases do ciclo de evolução de um projeto. Foi desenvolvida recorrendo a uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema da gestão de projetos e sobre o sistema de certificação de sustentabilidade Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). Para além disto, foram ainda incorporados alguns requisitos normativos, obtidos por meio de normas brasileiras ABNT, normas Americanas e normas Europeias. Pensa-se que da adequada aplicação desta ferramenta, os objetivos definidos pelo promotor da obra em termos de sustentabilidade, poderão ser mais facilmente atingidos pela equipa de projetista através da consideração antecipada de medidas e soluções de sustentabilidade nas diferentes fases de desenvolvimento do projeto permitindo assim, um melhor desempenho do edifício ao nível da construção sustentável. / The construction industry, particularly in the building sector, is based mainly on traditional construction methods. This industry is characterized by excessive consumption of resources, the amount of waste it produces, its implication in the economy of countries and their relationship with society. This reality is entirely incompatible with the aims of sustainable development, which seeks a harmonious relationship between the environmental, social and economic aspects. The sustainability challenge faced by the construction activity has motivated different approaches, not only by the various engineering specialties, but also by the architecture. In this sense, this paper aimed to develop a model in a coordinated and integrated manner to guide the development of the project to sustainable solutions throughout the various stages of the project life cycle. It was developed using a literature review about the topic of project management and sustainability assessment tool Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). Furthermore, and to improve the effectiveness of the Model, it was been incorporated some standardisation requirements, obtained by Brazilian standards ABNT, American standards and European standards. Through proper application of this tool, the goals set by Owner of the work, in terms of sustainability, can be more easily achieved by the project design team through timely consideration of measures and sustainability solutions at different stages of project development. Allowing a better performance of the building in terms of the sustainable construction.

Every year the United States corrections system costs tax payers $52 billion. The failures of the prison system are both tangible and intangible. This Thesis research builds on existing literature to seek out a solution to the high rate of recidivism post release. Can design be employed as a tool with the potential to reduce rates of recidivism in the prison population? The City of Springfield, in Western Massachusetts, acts as a test case to examine the inter-relationships of social science, neuroscience, and architecture. Initial research identified the primary obstacles individuals face after prison that contribute to keeping recidivism rates high. This is not intended to oversimplify the issues or suggest there is an easy solution, but to provide a starting point to try something new. Ultimately, this thesis deals with how architecture can provide a concrete solution to the deep set, less tangible roadblocks to successful reintegration. Residents often lack a sense of self-worth, personal responsibility and stable social ties. In addition to designing a building to provide the physical support system that released prisoners often lack, such as housing, access to transportation, and access to services, the project will explore techniques to serve a much greater purpose and provide a model for a re-imagined process of incarceration, release, healing and growth.

[pt] Há uma crescente demanda por soluções enxutas na indústria da construção. Para atingir esse objetivo, não apenas a solução final deve ser eficiente, mas também todo o processo deve ter sua eficiencia melhorada. A metodologia BIM associada à colaboração entre engenheiros e arquitetos no processo de projeto é vista como uma forma the gerar soluções mais eficientes e enxutas. Contudo, as pesquisas têm focado no desenvolvimento e no uso de softwares de modelagem 3D e pouca atenção tem sido dada a interação entre as equipes de projeto. Neste trabalho, um processo de projeto é proposto para facilitar a integração entre o projeto estrutural e o projeto arquitetônico nas fases iniciais do desenvolvimento do projeto. A filosofia proposta pode ser estendida para melhorar a integração entre o projetos de arquitetura e os projetos de outras áreas como instalações hidráulicas e elétrica. Para auxiliar na implementação do processo proposto, um plugin, chamado ConDA, foi desenvolvido para o software Autodesk Revit. A ferramenta desenvolvida permite que o arquiteto verifique de forma preliminar estruturas de concreto armado. Ao se utilizar o ConDA, essa verificação é antecipada dentro do processo de projeto, evitando a concepção the estruturas inviáveis e facilitando a comunicação entre engenheiros estruturais e arquitetos. O plugin foi testado por vinte e quatro arquitetos que avaliaram a sua usabilidade e seus benefícios em reduzir tempo e esforço gastos nos projetos arquitetônicos. As principais contribuições do aplicativo apontadas pelos entrevistados foram a melhoria na comunicação entre engenheiros estruturais e arquitetos, e a redução no número de revisões de projeto, o que consequentemente reduzem o tempo gasto no projeto. A partir dos comentários dos entrevistados também foi possível concluir que o plugin é uma ferramenta útil no ensino de projeto de arquitetura, ajudando o aluno a desenvolver suas habilidades estruturais. Os resultados do teste ratificaram a hipótese de que o processo de projeto auxiliado pelo ConDA tem sua qualidade e eficiência aumentadas. / [en] There is an increasing demand for lean solutions in the construction industry. To achieve this, not only the final solution must be efficient, but the whole process also needs to have its efficiency improved. The BIM methodology with the collaboration between engineers and architects in the design process is viewed as a way of generating more efficient and lean solutions. However, much of the research effort has focused in the development and usage of 3D modeling software packages rather than in the direction of integrating the design teams. In this work, a design process is proposed to facilitate the integration between the structural design and the architectural design at the early stages of the process. The proposed philosophy can be extended to enable better integration between the architectural design and other design areas, such as mechanical and electrical systems. To help the implementation of the proposed process a plugin, named ConDA, was developed for the Software Autodesk Revit. The developed tool allows the architect to perform preliminary verifications of reinforced concrete structures. The use of ConDA anticipates this verification to an earlier stage in the design process, which avoids the conception of unfeasible structures and facilitates the communication between architects and structural engineers. The plugin was tested by twenty-four architects. They evaluated its usability and the benefits in reducing the time and effort spent in the architectural design. ConDA s main contributions, according to the architects interviewed, is the improvement of the communication between architect and structural engineer, and the reduction of the number of design reviews and, consequently, the reduction of time spent during the design. The comments given by the interviewees also indicate that the plugin can be a useful tool in education by helping architectural students improve their structural design skills. The results of the test ratified the hypothesis that the ConDA assisted design process can increase the quality and efficiency of the architectural design process.