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Comprendre et prévenir les violences sexuelles subies par la population étudiante de l’international : une approche intersectionnelleFethi, Ihssane 04 1900 (has links)
Thèse de doctorat présenté en vue de l'obtention du doctorat en psychologie - recherche intervention, option psychologie clinique (Ph.D) / Les violences sexistes et sexuelles constituent un enjeu majeur dans les universités et depuis #MeToo, plusieurs mobilisations ont émergé à travers le monde pour les dénoncer (Tadros et Edwards, 2020). Le sujet des violences sexuelles subies par les étudiants de l’international a reçu trop peu d’attention, et ce, en dépit de décennies de recherches sur ces violences et sur les expériences de cette population (Lee, 2018). Ces étudiants sont d’ailleurs considérés comme étant « particulièrement vulnérables », notamment en raison de caractéristiques individuelles (p. ex. origine ethnique) (Bonistall Postel, 2020). Toutefois, cette perspective peut renforcer des stéréotypes à l’égard de cette population et donner lieu à des recommandations pour la prévention qui sont inutiles, voire dommageables (Hutcheson, 2020 ; Todorova et al., 2022). De plus, elle néglige à la fois les inégalités reliées au statut et celles associées à d’autres positions sociales (p. ex. le genre, l’identité sexuelle). Le statut d’étudiant international implique des restrictions en matière de droits, de ressources et de privilèges, entrainant ainsi d’importantes conséquences sur la sécurité de ces étudiants (Marginson et al., 2010). Dénominateur commun d’une population très hétérogène, le statut d’étudiant international peut également amplifier des enjeux auxquels les étudiants nationaux sont aussi confrontés (p. ex. sexisme, racisme, homophobie) (Marginson et al., 2012). Adopter une approche intersectionnelle permet de comprendre comment ces enjeux s’entrecroisent et se renforcent mutuellement.
En quoi les expériences de ces étudiants diffèrent-elles des autres ? Cette population est-elle particulièrement à risque ? Comment réduire ce risque ? L’état des connaissances actuelles, tant au Canada qu’à l’international, ne permet ni de répondre à ces questionnements ni d’orienter adéquatement les efforts de prévention et d’intervention. Cette recherche doctorale répond à ces lacunes par le biais trois études. La première étude a comparé les expériences de violences sexuelles des populations étudiantes universitaires (nationale/internationale), en examinant les formes de ces violences (p. ex. harcèlement sexuel), leur contexte, leurs conséquences et leur dévoilement. La deuxième étude a analysé le risque associé au statut d’étudiante internationale à travers le temps et examiné les intersections entre le statut et quatre facteurs de risque (p. ex. l’exposition à la maltraitance durant l’enfance). La troisième étude a identifié des mesures préventives qui permettraient de diminuer l’incidence des agressions sexuelles auprès de femmes de premier cycle.
Les résultats de ces trois études révèlent que les expériences de violences sexuelles des deux populations sont généralement similaires, toutefois les étudiants de l’international rapportent une fréquence plus élevée de certaines formes de violences. Le risque associé au statut ne s’explique pas uniquement par des caractéristiques individuelles (p. ex. le genre, l’identité sexuelle, la minorité visible) ou psychologiques (p. ex. croyances et attitudes envers les agressions sexuelles, perception du risque). Les analyses intersectionnelles suggèrent que le statut d’étudiant international est associé à des effets complexes et hétérogènes. Les contributions théoriques, empiriques et pratiques de cette recherche doctorale soulignent la nécessité d’une approche intersectionnelle et multidisciplinaire. Il est nécessaire de reconnaitre que les violences sexuelles dans les universités sont un enjeu transnational et de créer des solidarités au service de luttes communes. / Gender-based sexual violence is a major concern in higher education institutions and since #MeToo, several movements have emerged around the world to condemn this issue (Tadros & Edwards, 2020). The topic of sexual violence against international students has received little attention, despite decades of research on sexual violence and on the experiences of this population (Lee, 2018). These students are seen as a "particularly vulnerable population" due to personal characteristics (e.g. ethnic origin) (Bonistall Postel, 2020). However, this perspective can reinforce stereotypes towards this population and can lead to ineffective and harmful interventions (Hutcheson, 2020; Todorova et al., 2022). Additionally, it overlooks inequalities related to student status and across other social positions (e.g., gender, sexual identity). International student status involves a restricted access to rights, resources and privileges which has significant implications for their security (Marginson et al., 2010). While a common denominator of a very heterogeneous population, international student status can also amplify issues that domestic students also face (e.g., sexism, racism, homophobia) (Marginson et al., 2012). Using an intersectional framework is necessary to understand how these issues intersect and reinforce each other.
How do international students’ experiences of sexual violence differ from those of other students? Are they particularly at risk? How could this risk be reduced ? The existing body of knowledge, both in Canada and globally, is insufficient to answer these questions or to guide prevention and intervention efforts. To address these gaps, three studies were conducted in this doctoral research. The first study compared the experiences of sexual violence among university students (domestic/international), examining the type of assaults (e.g., sexual harassment), their context, their consequences, and the disclosure of events. The second study investigated the risk associated with international student status over time and examined the intersections between student status and four risk factors (e.g., exposure to childhood maltreatment). The third study identified interventions that would reduce the incidence of sexual assault among undergraduate women.
The results of these three studies reveal that the experiences of sexual violence for both populations are generally similar, however international students report a higher frequency of some forms of sexual violence. The risk associated with status is not entirely explained by individual characteristics (e.g., gender, sexual identity, visible minority) or psychological dispositions (e.g., beliefs and attitudes towards sexual assault, risk perception). Intersectional analyses suggest that international student status is associated with complex and heterogeneous effects. The theoretical, empirical, and practical contributions of this doctoral research emphasize the need for an intersectional and multidisciplinary approach. It is essential to recognize that sexual violence in higher education is a transnational issue and to create solidarities to work against common struggles.
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A Phenomenological Study of International African Graduate Students’ Transition and Persistence at Four-Year US UniversitiesNgbabare, Susan Mongalla John 05 June 2023 (has links)
No description available.
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How Does Knowledge and Utilization of Nutrition Labels Differ Among International and Non-international College Students?Alsaddah, Ala Samir 10 December 2014 (has links)
No description available.
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From Singular to Mixed: A Comparative Study of the Perceptions of Male and Female Saudi Students at The University of Akron in Adapting to the Coeducation Experience.Alrefaie, Nadia A. 21 May 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS CAREER DEVELOPMENT: ACCULTURATIVE STRESS AND CAREER OUTCOMESPitre, Sneha J., Pitre 23 August 2017 (has links)
No description available.
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China's Soft Power Aims in South Asia: Experiences of Nepalese Students in China's Internationalization of Higher EducationJain, Romi 10 May 2018 (has links)
No description available.
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An Ethnographic Exploration of Chinese Males' Identity through DressMartin, Kaleb J. January 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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Internationalization of Higher Education: A Comparative Case Study of Two U.S UniversitiesAhwireng, Doreen 08 July 2016 (has links)
No description available.
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A Comprehensive Test of the Health Belief Model and Selected Environmental Factors in the Prediction of Physical Activity and Dietary Behavior of Saudi Arabian University Students in the United StatesBakhsh, Reham, Dr. 25 July 2022 (has links)
No description available.
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Factors influencing the participation of undergraduate students from Sub-Saharan Africa in higher education in the United States of AmericaPaola, Roberta James 30 November 2002 (has links)
The aim of this research was to determine the factors that influence the participation of students from Sub-Saharan Africa at the undergraduate level of study in United States. A literature study was undertaken which defined the various aspects involved in pursuing undergraduate study in the United States as applied to international students at three types of institutions, namely: two-year community colleges, four year private colleges and four-year public colleges. Quantitative research was also
undertaken, the results of which evolved from two surveys, one sent to a combined group of two-year, four-year private and public U.S. institutions and one sent out to Educational Advising Centers within Sub-Saharan Africa. The findings indicated that the primary constraints Sub-Saharan African students face are a lack of funding as well as an inability to access information. A comparison of the results of the two
surveys was undertaken as well as recommendations for further research. / Educational Studies / M. Ed (Comparative Education)
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