O presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a gestão de redes de cooperação interorganizacional por meio da pesquisa e análise das relações do conjunto de atores e de organizações envolvidas na criação e na manutenção da parceria entre a Associação de Produtores de Hortifrutigranjeiros de Ribeirão e Região, conhecida pelo pseudônimo de Ceasinha, e do Banco de Alimentos da Prefeitura Municipal de Ribeirão Preto. O problema de pesquisa envolveu a prática de gestão em redes e sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento sustentável em nível local, bem como para a incorporação e o aprimoramento dos conceitos compartilhados de responsabilidade na gestão coletiva e participação dos sistemas sociais organizados para a geração de trabalho e renda. O esforço de pesquisa se justifica em função das novas características das formas de organização social para a produção, consumo e acumulação de riqueza, que ultrapassam os modelos tradicionais devido às recentes mudanças conjunturais e estruturais do planeta. Nesse processo há um fortalecimento da integração entre equidade social, viabilidade econômica e conservação ambiental, à vista de um maior compromisso com o futuro e com a solidariedade entre gerações, com o que a Ciência da Administração não pode ficar indiferente. Utilizando o método de estudo de caso e técnicas de fonte de evidências como documentação, observações diretas e entrevistas semi-estruturadas, buscou-se compreender o funcionamento da rede e sua estrutura formal de interrelacionamento, bem como as vantagens sinérgicas para o desenvolvimento da comunidade de interesse específico e da rede expandida de desenvolvimento local e regional sustentável em que se inserem Associação e Banco de Alimentos. O estudo ofereceu base teórica, análise e discussões para se conhecer e analisar o modelo de gestão da rede de cooperação pesquisada, considerando-se as condições históricas, territoriais, econômicas, políticas, sociais, culturais e ambientais, que serviram como estímulo para a formação, desenvolvimento e perspectivas das redes de cooperação no Brasil. Procurou, também, verificar os desafios e dilemas na gestão dessas redes, enquanto lançava as sementes para novas pesquisas e projetos. / This work aimed to study the management of networks of inter-organizational cooperation through research and analysis of the relations of the set of actors and organizations involved in the creation and maintenance of the partnership between the Association of Horticultural Producers of Ribeirão and Region, known by the pseudonym Ceasinha and the Food Bank of the City of Ribeirão Preto. The research problem involved in network management practice and its contribution to sustainable development at the local level as well as the incorporation and refinement of the concepts of shared responsibility and collective participation in the management of social systems organized to generate employment and income . The research effort is justified in light of the new features of social organization for production, consumption and accumulation of wealth beyond the traditional models due to recent economic and structural changes of the planet. In this process there is a strengthening of the integration of social equity, economic viability and environmental conservation, the sight of a greater commitment to the future and solidarity between generations, with the Management Science can not remain indifferent. Using the method of case study and technical documentation as a source of evidence, direct observations and semi-structured interviews, we sought to understand the functioning of the network and its formal structure of interrelationships, as well as the synergistic advantages for the development of specific community of interest and expanded network of local and regional sustainable development in which they live and Food Bank Association. The study provides a theoretical basis, analysis and discussions to understand and analyze the model of network management cooperation investigated, considering the historical, territorial, economic, political, social, cultural and environmental, which served as a stimulus for the formation, development and prospects of cooperation networks in Brazil. It also aims to determine the challenges and dilemmas in the management of these networks, while launching the seeds for further research and projects.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-04-27T18:44:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Edgar Reyes Junior.pdf: 1064202 bytes, checksum: d154a0cffc92aa5166e37238ee98f348 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-27T18:44:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edgar Reyes Junior.pdf: 1064202 bytes, checksum: d154a0cffc92aa5166e37238ee98f348 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-28 / Nenhuma / As relações sociais são fundamentais para a vida em sociedade. A confiança é um elemento essencial para a efetividade dos relacionamentos interorganizacionais. Embora não tenha um conceito claro, observa-se uma forte relação entre confiança e processos de interação social, nos quais ocorrem a partilha de valores. A relação social pode evoluir na direção de amizades ou conhecidos próximos (acquaintance). A confiança pode ser intermediada também pela percepção de terceiros, que é um mecanismo da reputação interpessoal, em vez da interação direta entre as partes. A confiança é analisada em seus componentes relacionais e cognitivos. O terceiro setor é constituído por organizações sem fins lucrativos que não pertencem à esfera do Estado ou do mercado. Estas organizações sem fins lucrativos são criadas e mantidas por meio da participação voluntária e visam dar continuidade às práticas tradicionais de filantropia. Elas estão próximas às comunidades locais para compreender suas necessidades. Estas relações sociais podem influenciar no apoio ao terceiro setor. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi Compreender como se estabelecem as relações sociais em uma rede de instituições apoiadoras ao terceiro setor. Para alcançar este objetivo foi necessário analisar as relações entre apoiadores e instituições do terceiro setor; identificar os aspectos estruturais da rede de apoiadores da instituição do terceiro setor; verificar os elementos formadores das relações sociais estabelecidas na rede; e, analisar as características determinantes da reputação dos atores na rede. Trinta e três apoiadores da Parceiros Voluntários em Bento Gonçalves foram entrevistados. A técnica do incidente crítico e a análise de redes sociais foram utilizadas para analisar os dados coletados nas entrevistas. Há diferentes motivos para o apoio a organizações do terceiro Setor, que podem ser definidos como motivos institucionais, pessoais e racionais. A presença de uma entidade local atribui credibilidade à organização do terceiro setor. Os atores centrais da rede também são ligados à instituições sociais. Os atores em uma rede se agrupam a partir de características particulares destes indivíduos. Sobre as relações sociais, inicialmente fica clara a diferença entre a amizade e a amizade de negócios. A auto revelação é o elemento que distingue as relações de amizade e amizade de negócios. Enquanto os aspectos afetivos predominam na primeira, o utilitarismo está presente na amizade de negócios. As características que envolvem as relações sociais e a confiança interpessoal podem ser divididas entre aquelas que geram a relação e aquelas que as fazem evoluir. A semelhança de comportamentos se distingue como principal fator que permite a aproximação entre as pessoas. A honestidade, enquanto redutor de comportamentos oportunistas, também se manifesta de forma importante. A complementaridade e a rede de relacionamentos são importantes para aproximar os atores nas relações de amizade de negócio. Para consolidar as relações, a disponibilidade de tempo e para servir, o convívio constante, o aconselhamento e o respeito são as características predominantes, tanto para as relações de amizade, quanto para as amizades de negócio. / The social relationships are an essential element for the effectiveness of interorganizational relationships. Although not a clear concept, there is a strong relationship between trust and social interaction processes in which occur shared values. The social relationship can evolve toward friendships or acquaintance. Trust can also be mediated by the perception of others, which is a mechanism of interpersonal reputation, rather than the direct interaction between the parties. This set of relationships differentiates the network actors in their relational power. The third sector is comprised of nonprofit organizations that do not belong to the sphere of the State or the market. These nonprofits are created and maintained through voluntary participation and aim to continue the traditional practice of philanthropy. They are next to the local communities to understand their needs. These social relationships can influence the support for the third sector. The objective of this research was to understand how to establish socially trust in a network of supporting institutions to the third sector. To achieve this objective it was necessary to analyze the relationship between supporters and institutions of the third sector; to identify the structural aspects of the network of supporters of third sector institution; to verify the formative elements of social relations in the network; and to analyze features determinants of reputation actors in the network. Thirty-three supporters of Parceiros Voluntários from Bento Gonçalves were interviewed. The critical incident technique and social network analysis were used to analyze the data collected in interviews. There were different reasons for supporting the third sector organizations, which can be defined as institutional, personal and rational reasons. the presence of a local entity gives credibility to the organization of the third sector. The central actors in the network are also connected to social institutions. Actors in a network are grouped from particular characteristics of these individuals. About social relations, initially there is a clear difference between friendship and acquaintance. Self revelation is the element that distinguishes the relations of friendship and acquaintance. While the affective aspects predominate in the first, utilitarianism is this acquaintance. The characteristics that involve social relationships can be divided in to those that generate the relationship and those who make them evolve. The similarity of behavior is distinguished as the main factor that allows the rapprochement between people. Honesty, while reducing opportunistic behavior also manifests itself important. Complementarity and network relationships are important to bring actors in relations of acquaintance. To consolidate relations, the availability of time and to serve the constant socializing, counseling and respect are the predominant features for both for relations of friendship, and for the acquaintance.

A governança corporativa é uma área do conhecimento em finanças que tem recebido crescente atenção da comunidade acadêmica. Em seu escopo, existe um fenômeno que, crescentemente, tem motivado pesquisas: o board interlocking. Isto é, o fato de uma ou mais pessoas participarem, simultaneamente, do conselho de administração de empresas diferentes, possibilitando a formação de redes corporativas e pessoais, nas quais são criados fluxos de recursos essenciais à empresa, sejam esses negociados, ou não, em mercados. Diante desses argumentos, o objetivo principal desta tese é verificar a existência de associações de aspectos posicionais das empresas nas redes com o valor e o desempenho financeiro da firma, ao mesmo tempo em que se analisa a evolução estrutural das redes corporativas e pessoais. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido a partir de dados relativos a um conjunto de 452 empresas listadas no Brasil, entre 1997 e 2007, com base nas abordagens da teoria dos grafos e das redes sociais, empregando regressões com dados em painel. Os principais resultados deste estudo sugerem a existência de uma elite intelectual que ocupa a alta administração das companhias listadas em bolsa. Uma consequência desse resultado é o entendimento do ambiente corporativo, segundo o modelo de small-worlds, para o qual a distância entre os atores de uma rede tende a ser pequena, sendo grande o agrupamento local dos participantes da rede, aumentando a velocidade de comunicação entre membros de conselhos, e, consequentemente, entre as empresas. No quesito do desempenho da firma, encontrou-se uma relação quadrática significativa, do tipo U invertido, da centralidade de grau com o Q de Tobin e com a liquidez da firma, indicando a existência de valores ótimos (que maximizam o valor e o desempenho corporativo) da centralidade da empresa, no âmbito da rede de relações corporativas. / Corporate governance is the realm of finance studies that has received growing attention from the academic community. In addition, when studying corporate governance, there is a phenomenon that has increasingly motivated research, the interlocking board - the fact that one or more individuals participate simultaneously in the board of directors of different companies, allowing the formation of corporate and personal networks, which create a flow of essential resources to the company, resources that can be negotiated, or not, in markets. The main objective of this thesis is to verify the existence of associations with firms positional aspects in the networks regarding their value and their financial performance, while it examines the structural evolution of corporate and personal networks. This study used a dataset of 452 companies listed in Brazilian stock market between 1997 and 2007, based on the graph theory and social networks approaches, using regressions analysis with panel data. The main results of this study suggest the existence of an intellectual elite who occupy the top management of listed companies. One consequence of this result is the understanding that the business environment follows the model of small-worlds, whereby the distance between the actors of a network tends to be small, and large group of participants from the local network, increasing the speed of communication between board members, and thus between the companies. Regarding the performance of the firm, the results suggest a significant quadratic relationship, such as inverted U, the centrality of the degree to Tobin\'s Q and the liquidity of the firm, indicating the existence of optimum values (with maximizes the value and corporate performance) for the centrality of the company, within the network of corporate relations.

本研究最主要的目的在於瞭解：在臺灣中小企業眾多型態的合作關係中，不同型態合作關係所呈現的不同特性，是如何影響合作雙方共識之形成，並進而影響其維繫並管理此一合作關係的方式。本研究引用與組織間合作關係有關的文獻，包括以動態觀點的研究、資源依賴理論、網路理論，以及社會學者的田野觀察結果等，從中整理出本研究的觀念架構。自變數為「合作任務特性」，包含「合作關係經濟本質」、「合作成員互動特性」兩部份；中介變數為「共識凝聚型態」，包含「對彼此互賴程度的預期」、「成員默契形成之程度」兩部份；應變數為「合作關係維持機制」。本研究運用定性研究方式，在針織染整、進口化學原料，以及鐵門窗製造產業中，各選取一家中小企業作為深度訪談對象，了解其各種對外合作關係的運作本質，以其為分析單位，並利用前述之架構發展命題，所獲之研究發現如下： 一、「合作關係之經濟本質」與「對彼此互賴程度的預期」間具有正向之關聯。二、「成員互動特性」與「成員形成默契之程度」間亦具有正向之關聯。 三、「對彼此互賴程度的預期」高，「成員彼此形成默契之程度」高的合作者，其對合作效率的重視度高於公平，以默契、交情、合作利益降 低不確定性並化解衝突，工作角色與人際互動互為輔翼。 四、「對彼此互賴程度的預期」高，「成員彼此形成默契之程度」低的合作者，其對合作效率的重視度同於公平，以資訊蒐集降低不確定性，以較高之談判力主導衝突之解決，並以工作角色作為雙方互動的主軸。 五、「對彼此互賴程度的預期」低，「成員彼此形成默契之程度」高的合作者，其對合作效率的重視度同於公平，以交情、網路成員制裁力降低不確定性，依行規解決衝突，並以人際關係作為主要互動方式。 六、「對彼此互賴程度的預期」低，「成員彼此形成默契之程度」低的合作者，其對合作效率的重視度低於公平，以提高對方之依存度降低不確定性，顧忌較少的衝突常造成合作關係瓦解，以工作角色作為主要互動方式。

A growing body of research investigates the role that organizational learning plays in generating superior firm performance. Researchers, however, have given limited attention to this learning effect in the context of long-term interorganizational relationships. This paper focuses on a specific aspect of learning, that is, explorative and exploitative knowledge sharing, and examines its impacts on sustained performance. We examine interorganizational design mechanisms and digitally-enabled knowledge representation as antecedents of knowledge sharing. The empirical context is dyadic relationship between a supply chain solutions vendor and its customers for two major classes of supply chain services. Our theoretical predictions are tested by using data collected from both sides of this customer-vendor dyad. The findings suggest that dual emphasis on exploration and exploitation is important for sustained relationship performance for customers. The customer evaluates balancing exploration and exploitation important whereas the vendor emphasizes only on exploitation.

Syftet med Barnahus är att barn som misstänkts blivit utsatt för våld eller övergrepp ska i en trygg och barnvänlig miljö förmedla sin upplevelse, samt hjälpa barnet genom stöd och insatser att bemästra utsattheten. Studien grundas på kvalitativa intervjuer som metod. Respondenterna som ingår i studien representerar Socialtjänsten, Polismyndigheten, Åklagarmyndigheten, Barnkliniken och Barn- och ungdomspsykiatrin. Resultatet presenterar samverkansparternas upplevelse av samverkans funktion, fördelar och brister, samt hur barnets rättigheter tillämpas i utredningsprocessen. Resultatet påvisar att respondenterna upplever samverkan i Barnahus som en möjlighet till personlig och yrkesmässig utveckling, och att samverkan över yrkesrollerna är en förutsättning för att tillgodose barnets behov av skydd och trygghet. Dock framkommer det av resultatet att parterna upplever brister i samverkan. / The purpose of Children´s Advocacy Center (Barnahus) is that the children who is suspected victim of violence or abuse, in a safe and child-friendly environment convey their experience, and help the child through support and effort to overcome the vulnerability. The study is based on qualitative interviews as a method. Respondents included in this study represent the Social Services, Police Authority, Prosecution Authority, Department of Pediatrics and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. The result presents the collaboration partners experience of collaborative functionality, advantages and deficiency, and how the child´s rights are applied in the investigation process. The results establish that the respondents experience collaboration in Children´s Advocacy Center as an opportunity for personal and professional development and collaboration across professional roles are essential to meet the child´s need for protection and security. However, it comes clear to the outcome that the parties experience deficiencies in cooperation.

In this study we investigate the impact of trust on the performance of cooperating firms, taking into account two core aspects: First, we look at environmental uncertainty, which shows in the degree of change there is in business freedom. Second, we account for behavioral uncertainty-captured as the average level of freedom from corruption in a country. Based on survey data from 791 firms engaged in national cooperation in Austria, the Czech Republic, Finland, Hungary, Slovakia and Slovenia, we find that behavioral coordination based on trust impacts on cooperating firms' performance positively in dynamic and negatively in stable contexts. Freedom from corruption enhances firm performance in dynamic contexts but is not a significant predictor in stable contexts. Further, we find the trust-performance relationship to be moderated by freedom from corruption in dynamic but not in stable contexts. The findings contribute to a more contextualized research on trust and interorganizational cooperation, as has been called for recently. (authors' abstract)

Theoretical and practical aspects of inter-organizational interaction are developed in a dissertation. The first chapter of the thesis analyses the theoretical background of the inter-organizational interaction in a thorough and integrated way. There is an overview of Lithuanian scholars’ contribution in analysis of different problems related to partnerships and collaboration, the analysis of the inter-organizational interaction concept contents, the analysis of the inter-organizational interaction models, definition of the collaboration determinants, the purification of inter-organizational interaction forms, the description of the joint activities aspects among the main Local Government authorities and other organizations. The second part analyses the practical aspects of the Local Government inter-organizational interaction. The first stage of research aimed at highlighting the peculiarities of organization and management of inter-organizational interaction in the municipalities and at defining the main problems. For this purpose, the examples of inter-organizational interaction of Local Government and other public, private and non-government sector organizations were analysed. In the second stage of research, the inter-organizational interaction is analysed on the micro level. The main objective of the research was to define the features of the meetings of inter-organizational interaction subjects and to highlight the most typical meeting organization and management... [to full text] / Disertacijoje nagrinėjami tarporganizacinės sąveikos teoriniai ir praktiniai aspektai. Pirmojoje dalyje susistemintos teorinės žinios apie tarporganizacinę sąveiką: pateikta organizacijų sąveikos teorijų apžvalga, gvildenamos tarporganizacinės sąveikos ir organizacijų integracijos sampratų problemos, analizuojami tarporganizacinės sąveikos modeliai, išryškintos bendradarbiavimo determinantės, gilinamasi į skirtingų tarporganizacinės sąveikos formų (integracinio bendradarbiavimo, partnerystės, kooperacijos ir kt.) turinį. Teorinėje disertacijos dalyje taip pat pristatomos vietos savivaldos tarporganizacinės sąveikos įgyvendinimo strategijos bei sąveikos proceso organizavimo principai, aptariamos kai kurios bendradarbiavimo įgyvendinimo problemos. Antrojoje dalyje analizuojami tarporganizacinės sąveikos Lietuvos vietos savivaldoje tyrimo rezultatai. Pagrindiniai klausimai, į kuriuos siekta atsakyti – kokiu būdu organizuojama ir valdoma vietos savivaldos tarporganizacinė sąveika, ar ši praktika yra veiksminga bendradarbiavimo plėtros požiūriu. Lietuvos vietos savivaldos tarporganizacinė sąveika tirta gilinantis į tris sąveikos sritis: tarporganizacinės sąveikos organizavimas ir valdymas įgyvendinant bendras programas ir projektus (mezo lygmuo), tarporganizacinės sąveikos subjektų susitikimų valdymas (mikro lygmuo) ir vietos savivaldos atstovų požiūrio į tarporganizacinės sąveikos turinį tyrimas (sąveikos konteksto dedamoji makro lygmeniu). Disertacijoje pateiktas skirtingų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

As product complexity increases and markets become more global, companies tend to collaborate with customers, suppliers and partners in business process activities previously carried out within a single firm. This is observed notably also in product development. Product development is an information and communication intense activity, and collaborative product development requires efficient communication between the participating firms, both during an ongoing project and afterwards when the product is in service. When more than one firm is involved, questions linked to business aspects regarding what information to share and how to communicate the information between the firms become important. With changing partners and competing supply chains this is a delicate management issue. The objective of this dissertation is to assess characteristics of communication in collaborative product development, in order to identify requirements for supporting IT tools. Empirically, the research was conducted in two parts. Part I was conducted in the aircraft industry, where a systems integrator firm’s relationship to its major suppliers was investigated. In Part II, collaborative product development between a buyer and several suppliers organized in networks was investigated. These studies were complemented with studies of IS/IT development and implementation projects. Theoretically, it is based on the literature on product development, supply chain management, and IT support for business relationships. Concerning the buyer-supplier dyad it was found that there was not one collaborative product development process in common between the firms, but rather coordination between the firms’ processes. Concerning the relationship between buyer and supplier network, it was found that one of the suppliers represents the network in a dyadic buyer-supplier relationship. Within the supplier network, the firms conducted interorganizational integrated product development, which means that the functions were represented by several firms. This implied that management practices must respect the special characteristic of small and medium-sized firms in collaboration. The investigation of information and communication in collaborative product development in dyads and networks led to a list of requirements on IOIS. The findings were concluded in a matrix that presents characteristics of product development in general, product development in dyads, and product development in supplier networks, and a mapping of the requirements on IOIS. Since the business relationship is the major difference between product development in-house and collaborative product development, it was considered appropriate to take a supply chain view on the requirements for an IOIS. It was found that support is needed both for the procurement and the product development process. Moreover, it was found that project management support can significantly improve the efficiency of the development process. Improvements of the effectiveness regard support for the product life cycle, and for the long-term relationship between the parties. It was concluded that an IOIS for collaborative product development should be based on standard technology and support standard formats, in order to make it possible for a firm to simultaneously manage its own systems and proprietary information, and exchange information with partners when needed. / LARP - Lean Aircraft Research Program / NISAM - Ny industriell samverkan

Under the competences of the European Union's intergovernmentally controlled Justice and Home Affairs policy, counter-terrorist co-operation and co-ordination of efforts have progressed at a rapid pace following the 11 September attacks on the USA. Given, however, that Europe has experienced entrenched terrorist campaigns for the past three decades, one could be forgiven for questioning, in light of the unique co-operative position of Western Europe, why it has taken so long for the membership of the EU to reach a common definition of terrorism. Also why is it that even now, the EU has failed to develop a common policy against terrorism? Political explanations are traditional responses to such questions, but there is a risk of underestimating the complexities of the European Project, and the effect which this has had on so many areas of transnational co-operation. By focusing therefore on the often-overlooked role played by European integration on counter-terrorist co-operation, in addition to empirical analysis of the efficiency of the co-operative structures, we place ourselves in a more beneficial position to understand the current situation. Intergovernmentalism, the controlling force of JHA co-operation, we find is not mutually exclusive to law-enforcement co-operation. Two theories tested for supranational influences - neo-functionalism and federalism - have also played their part, from the early 1960s onwards, in facilitating co-operation. The historical emphasis is important, because co-operation prior to the regulation of much of this area within the EU, following the Treaties of Economic Union, provides us with ample material for analysis and greater insight into the JHA process and counter-terrorism. Intergovernmentalism has helped push counter-terrorist co-operation along, but equally we find that it now serves as a hindrance in completing its development because of its in-built tendency to retain subsidiarity. Counter terrorist co-operation, we conclude, need not be restricted to intergovernmental control any longer.