110f. / Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-06-27T13:22:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado -Fernanda de Souza Brito.pdf: 1010273 bytes, checksum: c78b30b1c17fdb6595779693572982b1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela(anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-06-27T15:09:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado -Fernanda de Souza Brito.pdf: 1010273 bytes, checksum: c78b30b1c17fdb6595779693572982b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-27T15:09:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado -Fernanda de Souza Brito.pdf: 1010273 bytes, checksum: c78b30b1c17fdb6595779693572982b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / CAPES / Este estudo examinou a relação entre estilos interpessoais e a participação do indivíduo nas redes sociais em diferentes ambientes de trabalho. Redes sociais se formam pelos vínculos afetivos, cognitivos e de compartilhamento de recursos estabelecidos entre atores sociais. Diferenças de desempenho no trabalho podem estar relacionadas ao posicionamento das pessoas em suas redes sociais. Ocupar uma posição de centralidade em uma rede social possibilita a aquisição de informações importantes e várias formas de influência interpessoal. A conquista dessas posições privilegiadas está associada a benefícios como sucesso na carreira, desempenho e satisfação no trabalho. Estudos sobre personalidade têm experienciado um renascimento no âmbito organizacional, e muitos têm evidenciado a importância de características da personalidade para prever resultados ocupacionais. Sabe-se que a predominância de determinadas características de personalidade no ambiente de trabalho formam modos peculiares de convivência do grupo, assim, é importante lembrar que ambientes variam em termos de quais estilos de personalidade valorizam e conferem aceitação ao seu portador. Os estilos interpessoais são estratégias comportamentais que descrevem a maneira habitual de uma pessoa interagir socialmente e buscar aceitação e status nas coletividades em que participa. Nesse sentido, os estilos interpessoais são importantes para compreender o sucesso interpessoal do indivíduo na sua busca por ser aceito, reconhecido e ter um lugar de destaque no seu ambiente de trabalho. Deste modo, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e comparar a relação entre estilos interpessoais e centralidade nas redes sociais em diferentes equipes de trabalho. Participaram desta pesquisa 80 trabalhadores distribuídos em 03 equipes de diferentes empresas: marketing de um jornal (MKT, n=24); serviços de registro documentos (SRD, n=20); fábrica de aparelhos mecânicos (FAB, n=36). O instrumento foi composto por variáveis sócio-demográficas, pelo Inventário ESEI (Escalas de Estilos Interpessoais), e pelo questionário sociométrico que possibilitou o cálculo dos índices de centralidade das redes de confiança. As equipes foram caracterizadas em relação às variáveis sócio-demográficas, ao tipo de ambiente ocupacional e ao perfil médio de estilos interpessoais. Em seguida, os estilos interpessoais dos atores foram correlacionados aos seus índices de centralidade na rede de confiança, e alguns casos foram analisados. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas dimensões de estilos interpessoais entre as equipes, e a análise correlacional e qualitativa dos estilos interpessoais dos atores centrais, indicaram que cada equipe valoriza atores com diferentes perfis interpessoais, conferindo-lhes aceitação e prestígio. Os resultados revelam a importância do tipo de ambiente ocupacional para compreender os estilos interpessoais predominantes na equipe e suas relações com a centralidade dos atores na rede de confiança. As implicações das relações entre os estilos interpessoais, a centralidade dos atores nas redes de confiança e os tipos de ambiente ocupacional são discutidas. Por fim, considera-se a importância de alinhar dimensões da personalidade ao ambiente ocupacional na busca por uma compreensão cada vez mais acurada sobre os comportamentos humanos no trabalho. This study examined the relationship between interpersonal styles and the individual's participation in social networks in different workplaces. Social networks are formed by emotional ties, cognitive, and resource sharing established between social actors. Differences in job performance may be related to the positioning of people in their social networks. Occupy a position of centrality in a social network enables the acquisition of important information and various forms of interpersonal influence. The achievement of these privileged positions is associated with benefits such as career success, performance and job satisfaction. Studies on personality have experienced a renaissance in the organizational, and many have shown the importance of personality traits to predict occupational outcomes. It is known that the prevalence of certain personality traits in the workplace form particular ways of living of the group, so it is important to remember that environments vary in terms of personality styles which value and give acceptance to the wearer. The interpersonal styles are behavioral strategies that describe the usual way a person interacts socially and seek acceptance and status in the communities in which it participates. In this sense, interpersonal styles are important to understand the individual's interpersonal success in their search to be accepted, recognized and have a prominent place on your workplace. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze and compare the relationship between interpersonal styles and centrality in social networks in different teams. In this study, participated 80 workers, divided into 03 teams from different companies: marketing department of a newspaper (MKT, n= 24); services registration documents (SRD, n= 20); factory mechanical (FAB, n= 36). The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic variables, the Inventory ESEI (Interpersonal Styles Scale), and the sociometric questionnaire that enabled the calculation of the indices of centrality of trust networks. The teams were characterized in relation to socio-demographic variables, the type of workplace and the average profile of interpersonal styles. Then the interpersonal styles of the actors were correlated to their levels of centrality in the trust network, and some cases were analyzed. There were significant differences in the dimensions of interpersonal styles between teams, and correlational analysis of qualitative and interpersonal styles of key players, each team indicated that values interpersonal actors with different profiles, giving them acceptance and prestige. The results reveal the importance of the kind of workplace to understand the interpersonal styles prevalent in the team and its relations with the centrality of actors in the network of trust. The implications of the relationship between interpersonal styles, the centrality of the actors in the networks of trust and the kinds of workplace are discussed. Finally, we consider the importance of aligning the personality dimensions of occupational environment in the quest for a more accurate understanding of human behavior at work. / Salvador

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110 / Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-06-07T18:20:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado - Fernanda Brito.pdf: 1010269 bytes, checksum: 3225b6bbf2d0cdea89e6df679af271c1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Hozana Azevedo (hazevedo@ufba.br) on 2018-10-03T18:36:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado - Fernanda Brito.pdf: 1010269 bytes, checksum: 3225b6bbf2d0cdea89e6df679af271c1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-03T18:36:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado - Fernanda Brito.pdf: 1010269 bytes, checksum: 3225b6bbf2d0cdea89e6df679af271c1 (MD5) / CAPES / Este estudo examinou a relação entre estilos interpessoais e a participação do indivíduo nas redes sociais em diferentes ambientes de trabalho. Redes sociais se formam pelos vínculos afetivos, cognitivos e de compartilhamento de recursos estabelecidos entre atores sociais. Diferenças de desempenho no trabalho podem estar relacionadas ao posicionamento das pessoas em suas redes sociais. Ocupar uma posição de centralidade em uma rede social possibilita a aquisição de informações importantes e várias formas de influência interpessoal. A conquista dessas posições privilegiadas está associada a benefícios como sucesso na carreira, desempenho e satisfação no trabalho. Estudos sobre personalidade têm experienciado um renascimento no âmbito organizacional, e muitos têm evidenciado a importância de características da personalidade para prever resultados ocupacionais. Sabe-se que a predominância de determinadas características de personalidade no ambiente de trabalho formam modos peculiares de convivência do grupo, assim, é importante lembrar que ambientes variam em termos de quais estilos de personalidade valorizam e conferem aceitação ao seu portador. Os estilos interpessoais são estratégias comportamentais que descrevem a maneira habitual de uma pessoa interagir socialmente e buscar aceitação e status nas coletividades em que participa. Nesse sentido, os estilos interpessoais são importantes para compreender o sucesso interpessoal do indivíduo na sua busca por ser aceito, reconhecido e ter um lugar de destaque no seu ambiente de trabalho. Deste modo, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e comparar a relação entre estilos interpessoais e centralidade nas redes sociais em diferentes equipes de trabalho. Participaram desta pesquisa 80 trabalhadores distribuídos em 03 equipes de diferentes empresas: marketing de um jornal (MKT, n=24); serviços de registro documentos (SRD, n=20); fábrica de aparelhos mecânicos (FAB, n=36). O instrumento foi composto por variáveis sócio-demográficas, pelo Inventário ESEI (Escalas de Estilos Interpessoais), e pelo questionário sociométrico que possibilitou o cálculo dos índices de centralidade das redes de confiança. As equipes foram caracterizadas em relação às variáveis sócio-demográficas, ao tipo de ambiente ocupacional e ao perfil médio de estilos interpessoais. Em seguida, os estilos interpessoais dos atores foram correlacionados aos seus índices de centralidade na rede de confiança, e alguns casos foram analisados. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas dimensões de estilos interpessoais entre as equipes, e a análise correlacional e qualitativa dos estilos interpessoais dos atores centrais, indicaram que cada equipe valoriza atores com diferentes perfis interpessoais, conferindo-lhes aceitação e prestígio. Os resultados revelam a importância do tipo de ambiente ocupacional para compreender os estilos interpessoais predominantes na equipe e suas relações com a centralidade dos atores na rede de confiança. As implicações das relações entre os estilos interpessoais, a centralidade dos atores nas redes de confiança e os tipos de ambiente ocupacional são discutidas. Por fim, considera-se a importância de alinhar dimensões da personalidade ao ambiente ocupacional na busca por uma compreensão cada vez mais acurada sobre os comportamentos humanos no trabalho. This study examined the relationship between interpersonal styles and the individual's participation in social networks in different workplaces. Social networks are formed by emotional ties, cognitive, and resource sharing established between social actors. Differences in job performance may be related to the positioning of people in their social networks. Occupy a position of centrality in a social network enables the acquisition of important information and various forms of interpersonal influence. The achievement of these privileged positions is associated with benefits such as career success, performance and job satisfaction. Studies on personality have experienced a renaissance in the organizational, and many have shown the importance of personality traits to predict occupational outcomes. It is known that the prevalence of certain personality traits in the workplace form particular ways of living of the group, so it is important to remember that environments vary in terms of personality styles which value and give acceptance to the wearer. The interpersonal styles are behavioral strategies that describe the usual way a person interacts socially and seek acceptance and status in the communities in which it participates. In this sense, interpersonal styles are important to understand the individual's interpersonal success in their search to be accepted, recognized and have a prominent place on your workplace. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze and compare the relationship between interpersonal styles and centrality in social networks in different teams. In this study, participated 80 workers, divided into 03 teams from different companies: marketing department of a newspaper (MKT, n= 24); services registration documents (SRD, n= 20); factory mechanical (FAB, n= 36). The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic variables, the Inventory ESEI (Interpersonal Styles Scale), and the sociometric questionnaire that enabled the calculation of the indices of centrality of trust networks. The teams were characterized in relation to socio-demographic variables, the type of workplace and the average profile of interpersonal styles. Then the interpersonal styles of the actors were correlated to their levels of centrality in the trust network, and some cases were analyzed. There were significant differences in the dimensions of interpersonal styles between teams, and correlational analysis of qualitative and interpersonal styles of key players, each team indicated that values interpersonal actors with different profiles, giving them acceptance and prestige. The results reveal the importance of the kind of workplace to understand the interpersonal styles prevalent in the team and its relations with the centrality of actors in the network of trust. The implications of the relationship between interpersonal styles, the centrality of the actors in the networks of trust and the kinds of workplace are discussed. Finally, we consider the importance of aligning the personality dimensions of occupational environment in the quest for a more accurate understanding of human behavior at work. / This study examined the relationship between interpersonal styles and the individual's participation in social networks in different workplaces. Social networks are formed by emotional ties, cognitive, and resource sharing established between social actors. Differences in job performance may be related to the positioning of people in their social networks. Occupy a position of centrality in a social network enables the acquisition of important information and various forms of interpersonal influence. The achievement of these privileged positions is associated with benefits such as career success, performance and job satisfaction. Studies on personality have experienced a renaissance in the organizational, and many have shown the importance of personality traits to predict occupational outcomes. It is known that the prevalence of certain personality traits in the workplace form particular ways of living of the group, so it is important to remember that environments vary in terms of personality styles which value and give acceptance to the wearer. The interpersonal styles are behavioral strategies that describe the usual way a person interacts socially and seek acceptance and status in the communities in which it participates. In this sense, interpersonal styles are important to understand the individual's interpersonal success in their search to be accepted, recognized and have a prominent place on your workplace. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze and compare the relationship between interpersonal styles and centrality in social networks in different teams. In this study, participated 80 workers, divided into 03 teams from different companies: marketing department of a newspaper (MKT, n= 24); services registration documents (SRD, n= 20); factory mechanical (FAB, n= 36). The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic variables, the Inventory ESEI (Interpersonal Styles Scale), and the sociometric questionnaire that enabled the calculation of the indices of centrality of trust networks. The teams were characterized in relation to socio-demographic variables, the type of workplace and the average profile of interpersonal styles. Then the interpersonal styles of the actors were correlated to their levels of centrality in the trust network, and some cases were analyzed. There were significant differences in the dimensions of interpersonal styles between teams, and correlational analysis of qualitative and interpersonal styles of key players, each team indicated that values interpersonal actors with different profiles, giving them acceptance and prestige. The results reveal the importance of the kind of workplace to understand the interpersonal styles prevalent in the team and its relations with the centrality of actors in the network of trust. The implications of the relationship between interpersonal styles, the centrality of the actors in the networks of trust and the kinds of workplace are discussed. Finally, we consider the importance of aligning the personality dimensions of occupational environment in the quest for a more accurate understanding of human behavior at work. / Salvador

The effects of having witnessed their fathers’ violent behaviour impacts on daughters for a long period afterwards, even in adulthood. This study explores this phenomenon by means of literature review and interviews. The literature indicates that the effects of paternal violence is linked to forced maturity, secrecy, pretending, self-blame, and negative impact on the daughter’s relationships with both parents. A narrative approach was used to interview three adult participants. The conversations were analysed using thematic analysis and hermeneutics. Themes that emerged include avoidance, ambivalence towards the parents, aggression, assertiveness, and over-responsibility. There is a tendency to avoid intense, emotionally-laden, ambiguous and unpredictable situations through the use of interpersonal vigilance, an emotionally strong poise, distancing, being agreeable and devoutness. Also, there is a fear of becoming just like their abusive father. The psychological impact of being witness to a father’s violent behaviours has long-lasting effects on daughters. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

Afrikaans text / Hierdie navorsing handel oar die verwantskap tussen prestasiemotivering en interpersoonlike style. Die konsepte wat in die navorsing beskryf word, is prestasiemotivering (vanuit 'n humanistiese raamwerk} en selfgelding, responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid (vanuit 'n behavioristiese raamwerk). Die gekose meetinstrumenter naamlik, die Bestuursmotiefvraelys vir prestasiemotivering en die lnterpersoonlike Verhoudingsvraelys vir interpersoonlike style, is op 'n steekproef van 155 middelvlakbestuurders wat die senior takseersentrum binne 'n semi-staatsdiens organisasie deurloop het, afgeneem. Die resultate is verwerk deur middel van korrelasie en regressie (enkelvoudig en meervoudig) tegnieke. Die korrelasie.:.analise het getoon dat daar 'n statisties betekenisvolle korrelasie bestaan tussen prestasiemotivering en selfgelding. Die enkelvoudige regressie-analise het getoon dat selfgelding, responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid 'n invloed op prestasiemotivering uitoefen. Die korrelasie- en regressie-analise dui daarop dat responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid 'n negatiewe invloed uitoefen op prestasiemotivering. 'n Moontlike voorspellingsmodel vir prestasiemotivering is nie ontwikkel nie, aangesien die integriteit van die resultate betwyfelword. / Hierdie navorsing handel oar die verwantskap tussen prestasiemotivering en interpersoonlike style. Die konsepte wat in die navorsing beskryf word, is prestasiemotivering (vanuit 'n humanistiese raamwerk} en selfgelding, responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid (vanuit 'n behavioristiese raamwerk). Die gekose meetinstrumenter naamlik, die Bestuursmotiefvraelys vir prestasiemotivering en die lnterpersoonlike Verhoudingsvraelys vir interpersoonlike style, is op 'n steekproef van 155 middelvlakbestuurders wat die senior takseersentrum binne 'n semi-staatsdiens organisasie deurloop het, afgeneem. Die resultate is verwerk deur middel van korrelasie en regressie (enkelvoudig en meervoudig) tegnieke. Die korrelasie.:.analise het getoon dat daar 'n statisties betekenisvolle korrelasie bestaan tussen prestasiemotivering en selfgelding. Die enkelvoudige regressie-analise het getoon dat selfgelding, responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid 'n invloed op prestasiemotivering uitoefen. Die korrelasie- en regressie-analise dui daarop dat responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid 'n negatiewe invloed uitoefen op prestasiemotivering. 'n Moontlike voorspellingsmodel vir prestasiemotivering is nie ontwikkel nie, aangesien die integriteit van die resultate betwyfelword. / This research deals with the relationship between achievement motivation and interpersonal styles. The concepts achievement motivation (from a humanistic point of view} and assertiveness, responsiveness and versatility {from a behavioristic point of view), have been described in this research. The chosen measuring instruments, namely the Management Motive questionnaire for achievement motivation and the Interpersonal Relations questionnaire for interpersonal styles, were administered by means of sampling a group of 155 from middle management who participated in the senior assessment centre in a semi-government organisation. The results were processed by using correlation and regression (simple and multiple) techniques. The correlation analysis showed significant statistical correlation between achievement motivation and assertiveness. The single regression analysis indicated that assertiveness, responsiveness and versatility have an influence on achievement motivation. The correlation and regression analysis showed that responsiveness and versatility impact negatively on achievement · motivation. The possible prediction model for achievement motivation has not been developed due to the integrity of the results being doubtful!. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / MCOM (Bedryfsielkunde)

Text in Afrikaans / The goal with the research is firstly is to study and theoretically describe the interpersonal style repertoire of middle level managers according to the interpersonal approach and more specifically the 1982 Interpersonal Circle. Secondly the interpersonal development interventions and the development process for middle level managers were discussed from this approach. The third theoretical goal involved compiling a interpersonal development programme for middle level managers. The empirical goals of the research involved the evaluation of the interpersonal style repertoires of middle level managers by means of self and fellow manager evaluations in an attempt to get an indication of the most prominent interpersonal styles of middle level managers. Furthermore the empirical investigation involved an analysis of the influence of the interpersonal development programme in expanding the interpersonal style repertoires of middle level managers. The results of the self evaluations suggest that the warm-friendly, deferent-trusting, assureddominant and sociable-exhibitionistic styles are the primary styles of the 263 middle managers in the sample. Their evaluations by the 82 fellow managers seem to indicate that the warmfriendly, assured-dominant, deferent-trusting, and sociable-exhibitionistic styles are the most prominent interpersonal styles of middle level managers. Although these results seem to correspond to the teoretically applicable style repertoires of middle level managers the scores were all below average. XIV With the interpersonal development programme an attempt was made to make the group of 32 managers aware of their own interpersonal style repertoires and to provide them with the opportunity to study the way in which these are used in interpersonal transactions during a experiential learning experience. The development interventions, process and the influence of the development programme are also discussed. / Die doel met hierdie navorsmg is eerstens om die interpersoonlike stylrepertoire van middelvlakbestuurders aan die hand van die interpersoonlike benadering en meer spesifiek 1982 Interpersoonlike Sirkel, te bestudeer en teoreties te beskryf. Tweedens is die interpersoonlike ontwikkelingsintervensies en -ontwikkelingsproses vir middelvlakbestuurders vanuit die benadering beskryf. Die derde teoretiese doelstelling het die samestelling van 'n interpersoonlike ontwikkelingsprogram vir middelvlakbestuurders behels. Wat die empiriese doelstellings in die navorsing betref, is die interpersoonlike stylrepertoire van middelvlakbestuurders deur middel van self- en medebestuurderevaluasies geevalueer om sodoende 'n aanduiding van die mees prominente interpersoonlike style van middelvlakbestuuders te kry. Verder het die empiriese ondersoek ook 'n ontleding van die invloed van die interpersoonlike ontwikkelingsprogram op die uitbreiding van middelvlakbestuurders se interpersoonlike style ingesluit. Die resultate van hulle selfevaluasies suggereer <lat die warm-vriendelik, geleidend-vertrouend, versekerd-dominant en sosiaal-ekshibisionistiese style die primere interpersoonlike style van die steekproef van 263 middelvlakbestuurders is. Wat die resultate van die evaluasies van die 82 medebestuurders betref, blyk dit dat die warm-vriendelik, versekerd-dominant, geleidendvertrouend en sosiaal-ekshibisionistiese style as die mees prominente style is. XVI Alhoewel hierdie resultate in 'n groot mate met die teoereties-toepaslike stylrepertoire van middelvlakbestuurders ooreenstem, was al die tellings ondergemiddeld. Met die interpersoonlike ontwikkelingsprogram is daar gepoog om 'n bewustheid by 'n groep van 32 bestuurders van hulle eie interpersoonlike stylrepertoire te kweek, en om hulle die geleentheid te bied om die interpersoonlike transakies waarin die style na vore tree, tydens 'n eksperimentele leerondervinding te bestudeer. Die gedragsontwikkelingsintervensies, die gedragsontwikkelingsproses en die invloed van die ontwikkelingsprogram word ook bespreek / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / D. Com (Bedryfsielkunde)

The social environment has been recognised as one of the key aspects in determining the quality of life throughout the human lifespan. Human behaviour, thoughts, feelings and attitudes are socially constructed and can only be understood when viewed from the perspective of social interaction. Older individuals, who live in residential facilities experience a diminished quality of life due to factors such as loss of independence, reduced social networks, functional dependence, and contextual changes. Depression, loneliness and social isolation are an integral part of these individuals’ lives. People develop specific styles of relating, also referred to as interpersonal styles. The systems theory is used to explain the circular processes of the interaction between people. In particular the Self-Interactional Group Theory (SIGT) is proposed as theoretical framework to explore the relational qualities of older people in a residential care facility. SIGT views the interaction between people on three levels, namely the intra-personal level, the interpersonal level and the group level, which operate interdependently in the interaction between people. The interpersonal level of analysis consists of the definition of the relationship, relational qualities, motivation to engage with people to address needs and needs satisfaction as well as the circular processes of which the interaction consists of. The interactions between people always take place in an interpersonal context, embedded in broader environments. A qualitative and exploratory research design was selected to explore the relational qualities in interactions between older individuals living in a residential care facility. This study is based on data collected during a primary research study at a residential care facility for older individuals in 2013. The purpose of study was to explore the quality of life of older individuals residing in a residential care facility in Gauteng, South Africa. The data-gathering process in the primary research study involved the Mmogo-Method, a visual projective data-gathering method, the World Café method and person-centred interviews to gain insight into the participants’ life experiences at the residential care facility. For the purpose of this research, only the person-centred interviews were used for the secondary analysis of the data. Twelve purposely-selected individuals (aged 80 to 95; 3 men and 9 women) from the residential care facility participated voluntarily in the person-centered interviews, which were audio recorded. The collected data were transcribed verbatim and subjected to two different methods of analyses. First, data were analysed thematically by adopting an inductive approach. The themes identified in this first phase were next subjected to a deductive content analysis. The themes were categorised according to the relational variables in accordance with the Interactional Pattern Analysis (IPA), thereby contributing to the trustworthiness of the findings. The findings revealed that the interactions between older individuals take place in a broader environment that advocate the active participation of people. Active participation takes place both in and outside the facility and older people reported that this contributed to their quality of life. The relational qualities that could be described as enhancing interpersonal connectivity and satisfying older people’s needs for confirmation were identified as empathy, unconditional acceptance of others, confirmation and interpersonal flexibility. This research, however, highlighted relational qualities that restrained quality of life of older people, namely confusing self-presentation, ineffective expression on needs and withdrawal due to physical immobility. Needs were expressed in a very unspecific, blaming or manipulative manner, and consequently needs were not satisfied, but provoked, instead, feelings of frustration, pain and guilt. This research highlighted the predicament that older people find themselves in. Their decreased physical abilities and limited emotional repertoire to move towards others and the environment also limit their needs satisfaction. The presenting problem of social isolation can be explained by the combination of limited physical mobility and relational qualities that restrain quality of life for older people. This research study thus holds important implications for relationship-focused approaches in residential facilities for older individuals in order to empower and enable them to enhance their quality of life. Specific recommendations include interventions to assist older people to express their needs more effectively and to use opportunities in interaction to confirm them as autonomous functioning older people. / MA (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

The social environment has been recognised as one of the key aspects in determining the quality of life throughout the human lifespan. Human behaviour, thoughts, feelings and attitudes are socially constructed and can only be understood when viewed from the perspective of social interaction. Older individuals, who live in residential facilities experience a diminished quality of life due to factors such as loss of independence, reduced social networks, functional dependence, and contextual changes. Depression, loneliness and social isolation are an integral part of these individuals’ lives. People develop specific styles of relating, also referred to as interpersonal styles. The systems theory is used to explain the circular processes of the interaction between people. In particular the Self-Interactional Group Theory (SIGT) is proposed as theoretical framework to explore the relational qualities of older people in a residential care facility. SIGT views the interaction between people on three levels, namely the intra-personal level, the interpersonal level and the group level, which operate interdependently in the interaction between people. The interpersonal level of analysis consists of the definition of the relationship, relational qualities, motivation to engage with people to address needs and needs satisfaction as well as the circular processes of which the interaction consists of. The interactions between people always take place in an interpersonal context, embedded in broader environments. A qualitative and exploratory research design was selected to explore the relational qualities in interactions between older individuals living in a residential care facility. This study is based on data collected during a primary research study at a residential care facility for older individuals in 2013. The purpose of study was to explore the quality of life of older individuals residing in a residential care facility in Gauteng, South Africa. The data-gathering process in the primary research study involved the Mmogo-Method, a visual projective data-gathering method, the World Café method and person-centred interviews to gain insight into the participants’ life experiences at the residential care facility. For the purpose of this research, only the person-centred interviews were used for the secondary analysis of the data. Twelve purposely-selected individuals (aged 80 to 95; 3 men and 9 women) from the residential care facility participated voluntarily in the person-centered interviews, which were audio recorded. The collected data were transcribed verbatim and subjected to two different methods of analyses. First, data were analysed thematically by adopting an inductive approach. The themes identified in this first phase were next subjected to a deductive content analysis. The themes were categorised according to the relational variables in accordance with the Interactional Pattern Analysis (IPA), thereby contributing to the trustworthiness of the findings. The findings revealed that the interactions between older individuals take place in a broader environment that advocate the active participation of people. Active participation takes place both in and outside the facility and older people reported that this contributed to their quality of life. The relational qualities that could be described as enhancing interpersonal connectivity and satisfying older people’s needs for confirmation were identified as empathy, unconditional acceptance of others, confirmation and interpersonal flexibility. This research, however, highlighted relational qualities that restrained quality of life of older people, namely confusing self-presentation, ineffective expression on needs and withdrawal due to physical immobility. Needs were expressed in a very unspecific, blaming or manipulative manner, and consequently needs were not satisfied, but provoked, instead, feelings of frustration, pain and guilt. This research highlighted the predicament that older people find themselves in. Their decreased physical abilities and limited emotional repertoire to move towards others and the environment also limit their needs satisfaction. The presenting problem of social isolation can be explained by the combination of limited physical mobility and relational qualities that restrain quality of life for older people. This research study thus holds important implications for relationship-focused approaches in residential facilities for older individuals in order to empower and enable them to enhance their quality of life. Specific recommendations include interventions to assist older people to express their needs more effectively and to use opportunities in interaction to confirm them as autonomous functioning older people. / MA (Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

The effects of having witnessed their fathers’ violent behaviour impacts on daughters for a long period afterwards, even in adulthood. This study explores this phenomenon by means of literature review and interviews. The literature indicates that the effects of paternal violence is linked to forced maturity, secrecy, pretending, self-blame, and negative impact on the daughter’s relationships with both parents. A narrative approach was used to interview three adult participants. The conversations were analysed using thematic analysis and hermeneutics. Themes that emerged include avoidance, ambivalence towards the parents, aggression, assertiveness, and over-responsibility. There is a tendency to avoid intense, emotionally-laden, ambiguous and unpredictable situations through the use of interpersonal vigilance, an emotionally strong poise, distancing, being agreeable and devoutness. Also, there is a fear of becoming just like their abusive father. The psychological impact of being witness to a father’s violent behaviours has long-lasting effects on daughters. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

Afrikaans text / Hierdie navorsing handel oar die verwantskap tussen prestasiemotivering en interpersoonlike style. Die konsepte wat in die navorsing beskryf word, is prestasiemotivering (vanuit 'n humanistiese raamwerk} en selfgelding, responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid (vanuit 'n behavioristiese raamwerk). Die gekose meetinstrumenter naamlik, die Bestuursmotiefvraelys vir prestasiemotivering en die lnterpersoonlike Verhoudingsvraelys vir interpersoonlike style, is op 'n steekproef van 155 middelvlakbestuurders wat die senior takseersentrum binne 'n semi-staatsdiens organisasie deurloop het, afgeneem. Die resultate is verwerk deur middel van korrelasie en regressie (enkelvoudig en meervoudig) tegnieke. Die korrelasie.:.analise het getoon dat daar 'n statisties betekenisvolle korrelasie bestaan tussen prestasiemotivering en selfgelding. Die enkelvoudige regressie-analise het getoon dat selfgelding, responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid 'n invloed op prestasiemotivering uitoefen. Die korrelasie- en regressie-analise dui daarop dat responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid 'n negatiewe invloed uitoefen op prestasiemotivering. 'n Moontlike voorspellingsmodel vir prestasiemotivering is nie ontwikkel nie, aangesien die integriteit van die resultate betwyfelword. / Hierdie navorsing handel oar die verwantskap tussen prestasiemotivering en interpersoonlike style. Die konsepte wat in die navorsing beskryf word, is prestasiemotivering (vanuit 'n humanistiese raamwerk} en selfgelding, responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid (vanuit 'n behavioristiese raamwerk). Die gekose meetinstrumenter naamlik, die Bestuursmotiefvraelys vir prestasiemotivering en die lnterpersoonlike Verhoudingsvraelys vir interpersoonlike style, is op 'n steekproef van 155 middelvlakbestuurders wat die senior takseersentrum binne 'n semi-staatsdiens organisasie deurloop het, afgeneem. Die resultate is verwerk deur middel van korrelasie en regressie (enkelvoudig en meervoudig) tegnieke. Die korrelasie.:.analise het getoon dat daar 'n statisties betekenisvolle korrelasie bestaan tussen prestasiemotivering en selfgelding. Die enkelvoudige regressie-analise het getoon dat selfgelding, responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid 'n invloed op prestasiemotivering uitoefen. Die korrelasie- en regressie-analise dui daarop dat responsiwiteit en aanpasbaarheid 'n negatiewe invloed uitoefen op prestasiemotivering. 'n Moontlike voorspellingsmodel vir prestasiemotivering is nie ontwikkel nie, aangesien die integriteit van die resultate betwyfelword. / This research deals with the relationship between achievement motivation and interpersonal styles. The concepts achievement motivation (from a humanistic point of view} and assertiveness, responsiveness and versatility {from a behavioristic point of view), have been described in this research. The chosen measuring instruments, namely the Management Motive questionnaire for achievement motivation and the Interpersonal Relations questionnaire for interpersonal styles, were administered by means of sampling a group of 155 from middle management who participated in the senior assessment centre in a semi-government organisation. The results were processed by using correlation and regression (simple and multiple) techniques. The correlation analysis showed significant statistical correlation between achievement motivation and assertiveness. The single regression analysis indicated that assertiveness, responsiveness and versatility have an influence on achievement motivation. The correlation and regression analysis showed that responsiveness and versatility impact negatively on achievement · motivation. The possible prediction model for achievement motivation has not been developed due to the integrity of the results being doubtful!. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / MCOM (Bedryfsielkunde)