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Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-82).

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Psychology, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-74).

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同性戀處在以異性戀為主流的社會中往往被視為奇怪、不正常的一群人。同性戀污名不僅影響同志本身，它也擴散至與其親近的家人身上。本研究即源自於研究者出櫃之後與母親的互動經驗，試圖以陽剛女同志的母親為出發點，運用Denzin的解釋性互動論（interpretive interactionism）為研究方法，深度訪談六位陽剛女同志的母親，探究女兒的同志身分與陽剛氣質帶給母親的個人苦惱與其母職實踐經驗。進一步地，研究者也爬梳主流意識形態與社會政策與母親生命經驗之間的關連。最後，反思助人工作者與同志父母互動時能扮演的角色與倡議之方向。 本研究的主要發現如下：一、母親成長過程中所內化的性別經驗成為她們看待陽剛同志女兒的基礎，越早接觸到同性戀議題或是擁有同性戀友人的母親，女兒的出櫃帶給她們的衝擊越小。二、越能在性別認同與性別氣質觀念上有所解放的母親，越能承接起「陽剛女同志的母親」之身分。三、母親會調整自己的母職工作以因應女兒的同志身分所帶來的議題。此外，「母職意識形態」在母親與同志女兒互動的經驗裡亦作為一把雙面刃，一方面令母親質疑自己是否因為擁有同志女兒而不是一位「好媽媽」；但另一方面，有些母親則轉化「母親」的身分，從私領域進入公領域成為所有同志孩子的母親，嘗試改變同志父母與同志孩子在社會中的處境。四、華人家庭照顧倫理的影響使得同志女兒的老年照顧問題成為母親共同面臨的議題，母親也在此種意識型態之下發展出不同的策略來為女兒的老年作準備。 / Homosexuals are often seemed to be the odd and abnormal ones among the heterosexual society. The stigma is not only tagged to the homosexuals, but spread its unfriendliness to their close families. This research was originated from researcher’s own experience of interaction with her mother after coming out, trying to investigate the trouble brought by masculine lesbian’s identity to her mother, and the mother’s practiced experiences at mothers’ view, through in depth interview of six masculine lesbians’ mothers by using Denzin’s interpretive interactionism as methodology. Further more, researcher went through the connection between the mainstream ideology and social policy, and the experiences they brought to a masculine lesbian’s mother. At the end, researcher rethinks what social workers’ role should be like and how should they provide help when interacting with parents of homosexuals. Findings of this research include: 1. The gender experiences internalized during a mother’s growth process becomes the foundation of how they see their masculine lesbian daughter; the earlier a mother aware of homosexual issue or having a homosexual friend, the smaller impact she have when her daughter coming out. 2. How much a mother could bear the identity of “masculine lesbian’s mother” depends on how liberate she is to the gender identity and gender temperament. 3. A mother will adjust her motherhood in respond to the issue brought by her daughter’s lesbian identity. Moreover, the “motherhood ideology” is a double-edged sword in the interaction experience between a mother and her lesbian daughter; on the one hand, the mother question herself for having a lesbian daughter, on the other hand, some mother convert her motherhood, from one’s mother into all lesbian’s mother, and trying to change the status of homosexual and their parents in the social environment. 4. The concept of traditional oriental family makes nursing care of lesbian daughter in her elder age a common issue for lesbians’ mothers, and because of this ideology, they have developed different strategies to prepare their daughter for their elder age.

Submitted by Rafaela Moraes (rafaela.moraes@fgv.br) on 2016-08-02T18:34:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE completa.pdf: 1130341 bytes, checksum: 8c2f0bfc12b534c348d5b1e1c2609a2c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rafaela Moraes (rafaela.moraes@fgv.br) on 2016-08-02T18:35:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE completa.pdf: 1130341 bytes, checksum: 8c2f0bfc12b534c348d5b1e1c2609a2c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rafaela Moraes (rafaela.moraes@fgv.br) on 2016-08-02T18:36:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE completa.pdf: 1130341 bytes, checksum: 8c2f0bfc12b534c348d5b1e1c2609a2c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T18:36:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE completa.pdf: 1130341 bytes, checksum: 8c2f0bfc12b534c348d5b1e1c2609a2c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03 / Consumer researchers from multiple tendencies had already noticed the importance of understanding the emotional phenomena associated to consumption. Emotions are key components of the human behavior and help understand the consumer behavior as well. In my thesis I present an analysis of the relationship between the feeling of shame and the meanings of consumption. Following Bagozzi, Gürhan-Canli, and Priester (2002) proposal, I had adopted an approach focused on the social basis of emotions. Although people can experience emotions privately, some emotional responses emerge from interpretations triggered by social events. In order to access the feelings experienced by the individuals during consumption I had chosen an interpretative perspective for the research. As a consequence of my epistemological option it was necessary for me to use a coherent methodological approach. The interpretative interactionism had provided a very useful resolution to the problems of analyzing the voluminous data that results in a qualitative research. The use of the interpretive interactionism was very helpful not only during the data analysis but also during the writing process. Each chapter of my thesis present a phase of the method as proposed by Denzin (1989). I could remain fully focused on the phenomenon under study because of the progressive (step-like) character of the analysis. This method made it possible to reach the perspectives of the respondents through their languages, attitudes and thoughts. I had achieved a rich and complete interpretation of the consumption experiences related to the feeling of shame. Three cases broadly represent the data retrieved and present to the reader a close examination of the elements used on the interpretation process. It was clear that the feeling of shame could influence and change the meanings of consumption of goods and services and change the consumer evaluation about it. Such clarification can be useful to marketers and researchers interested in the unpredictability of the consumer behavior. / O estudo das emoções no consumo é fundamental para a expansão do conhecimento da área de marketing. Pesquisadores de consumo de múltiplas tendências já perceberam a importância de se compreender mais profundamente os fenômenos emocionais associados ao consumo. Esta tese apresenta uma análise das relações entre o sentimento de vergonha e os significados de consumo. Utilizei uma abordagem de orientação sociológica, focada nas relações entre o indivíduo e o grupo na construção de seus sentimentos. Para poder penetrar no mundo dos sentimentos vividos pelos indivíduos, adotei uma perspectiva interpretativa para a pesquisa. Como conseqüência direta de minha opção epistemológica, foi necessária a utilização de uma abordagem metodológica capaz de alcançar os conjuntos de significados subjetivos dos indivíduos organizados dentro de um contexto social. Essencialmente, ficou demonstrado que o interacionismo interpretativo (DENZIN, 1989) ofereceu uma solução útil e consistente para os problemas de análise dos volumosos dados resultantes da abordagem qualitativa. A utilização do interacionismo interpretativo permitiu que eu permanecesse totalmente focado no fenômeno sob estudo devido às características progressivas (step-like) da análise. Além disso, a abordagem adotada tornou possível o acesso às perspectivas dos participantes através de suas linguagens, atitudes e pensamentos. Como resultado, obtive uma interpretação mais rica e completa das relações de consumo que envolvem a vergonha. Foram construídos três casos que representam de forma abrangente as entrevistas capturadas. Estes três casos ofereceram indicações suficientes para a discussão acerca dos principais pontos levantados. Ficou claro que a vergonha pode agir de maneira a constituir e modificar o significado de consumo de bens e serviços e alterar a avaliação do consumidor com relação a estes. Além disso, o estudo da vergonha pode ter conseqüências práticas para o marketing uma vez que este sentimento está relacionado ao estímulo ou desestímulo do consumo, além de surgir como resposta para algumas experiências de consumo.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:31:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edilene de Oliveira Pereira Garciaprot.pdf: 2259516 bytes, checksum: 6ee36f6ce4ed872658b19a71adbefd6a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-01-01 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / This study aims to understand the processes of learning in the context of the solidarity economy. The participants are entrepreneurs belonging to the Association of Craftsman and Artists of Diadema (Sao Paulo - Brazil). The research question is "how the learning processes of cooperation, self-management, solidarity and economic action are developed by entrepreneurs of solidarity economy belonging to an association of craftsmen in order to act in this type of economy? ". The overall objective is to identify, describe and analyze how they develop the learning processes of cooperation, self-management, solidarity and economic action. Specific aims are to identify who are the subjects of learning (how they are defined and where they are located), why they learn (the reasons that lead to learning), what they learn (what are the contents and what are the outcomes of learning) and how they learn (what are the key actions of the learning processes). This is a critical qualitative and interpretative study which theoretical framework is composed of two approaches: interpretive interactionism (Denzin, 2001) and social learning theory (Elkjaer, 2003). These approaches converge and put the experiences undergone by people in their everyday life as starting points for understanding social phenomena. The field research is contextualized from the concepts and landmarks presented by Singer (2002), França-Filho (2007), Lechat (2002), Gaiger (2003) and Silva (2011) and the Ministry of Labor and Employment of Brazil (BRAZIL, 2012). Interpretive interactionism is also used to guide the methodological procedures. The organization chosen to carry out the research was the Association of Craftsman and Artists of Diadema (São Paulo Brazil). It represents an opportunity to enter a field that today is little explored in studies of organizational learning. To capture the phenomenon eight interviews were conducted with seven craftswoman and with the president of the Association. The recorded material and transcripts originated life histories of thick description. The analysis of recurring features of life histories led to the recognition of five instances where there are the learning experiences of interaction - and the epiphanies which directly or indirectly lead to the learning of cooperation, self-management, solidarity and economic action. These instances are: the family, the individual, the other , the entity of social economy and local government . Learning processes as identified and analyzed in this study considers the influence of power operating in the context. In this sense, it was found that, under the AAAPD, the learning processes of the basic elements of solidarity economy remains tied to local government initiatives and strategies. The entity maintains strong dependency relationship with local government what constitutes the main difficulty in conducting its activities and disseminating, experiencing and manifesting collectively the principles of solidarity economy. This study helps to increase knowledge about learning in different organizational contexts from those of traditional private economy and the impact of social environments in these processes. It also serves as a reference for the use of interpretive interactionism as a theoretical-methodological approach in studies in the field of organizational learning. / Este trabalho propõe estudar processos de aprendizagem no contexto da economia solidária, tendo como participantes empreendedores pertencentes à Associação de Artesãos e Artistas Plásticos de Diadema-SP. A pergunta de pesquisa é: como se desenvolvem os processos de aprendizagem da cooperação, da autogestão, da solidariedade e da ação econômica de empreendedores da economia solidária pertencentes a uma associação de artesãos para atuarem nessa outra economia? . O objetivo geral é identificar, descrever e analisar o modo pelo qual se desenvolvem os processos de aprendizagem da cooperação, da autogestão, da solidariedade e da ação econômica por esses empreendedores. Como objetivos específicos, identificar quem são os sujeitos de aprendizagem da economia solidária (como são definidos e onde se localizam), por que eles aprendem (que motivos os levam a aprender), o que aprendem (quais conteúdos aprendem e quais são os desfechos disso) e como aprendem (quais são as ações-chave dos processos de aprendizagem). Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e interpretativo crítico cujo arcabouço teórico é integrado por duas abordagens: o interacionismo interpretativo (Denzin, 2001) e a teoria da aprendizagem social (Elkjaer, 2003). Essas abordagens são convergentes e colocam as experiências vividas pelas pessoas no seu cotidiano como pontos de partida para a compreensão dos fenômenos sociais. O campo de pesquisa foi contextualizado a partir dos conceitos e marcos históricos apresentados por Singer (2002), França-Filho (2007), Lechat (2002), Gaiger (2003) e Silva (2011) e pelo Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (BRASIL, 2012). O interacionismo interpretativo também é utilizado para orientar os procedimentos metodológicos. A organização escolhida para realização da pesquisa foi a Associação de Artesãos e Artistas Plásticos de Diadema-SP (AAAPD). Pesquisar aprendizagem junto a uma associação de artesãos representou a oportunidade de adentrar num campo que hoje é pouco explorado no âmbito dos estudos de aprendizagem em organizações. Para a captura do fenômeno foram realizadas oito entrevistas, das quais sete com artesãs e uma com a AAAPD. Os materiais gravados e transcritos originaram as histórias de vida de descrição densa. A análise das características recorrentes das histórias de vida levou ao reconhecimento de cinco instâncias de aprendizagem nas quais se localizam as experiências de interação e também as epifanias que, de forma direta ou indireta, conduzem à aprendizagem da cooperação, da autogestão, da solidariedade e da ação econômica. Essas instâncias são: a família, o próprio indivíduo, o outro, a entidade de economia solidária e o poder público local. Os processos de aprendizagem tal como foram identificados e analisados neste estudo consideram as influência de poder operando no contexto. Nesse sentido, verificou-se que, no âmbito da AAAPD, os processos de aprendizagem dos elementos de base da economia solidária se mantém atrelados às iniciativas e estratégias de governo do poder público local, com quem a entidade mantém forte relação de dependência, que, por sua vez, constitui a principal dificuldade na condução de suas atividades e na disseminação, vivência e manifestação coletiva desses princípios. Este estudo possibilita ampliar o conhecimento sobre aprendizagem em contextos organizacionais diferentes daqueles da economia privada tradicional e o impacto dos ambientes sociais nesses processos. Ele também serve como referência para a utilização do interacionismo interpretativo como abordagem teórico-metodológica em estudos no campo da aprendizagem organizacional.

This study explores how heavily tattooed women with a history of childhood sexual abuse give meaning to their tattooing practices in view of the recent appropriation of tattooing by the mainstream. Embodied feminist poststructuralist theory revealed the ways that dominant discourses on gender, beauty, painful body modifications, and childhood sexual abuse intersect and interact in attempts to shape the identities of the participants. These intersections also reveal the participants’ resistance strategies and the process of identity transformation they engage in as they get tattoos. The constitution of identities through discourses offers alternative ways of seeing this population, challenging dominant discourses regarding female survivors of childhood sexual abuse tattooing practices. The research methodology used was a qualitative approach based on ‘interpretive interactionism.’ This approach makes visible and accessible to the reader, the problematic lived experiences of the participants through their narratives. The research methods involved several in-depth interviews with three heavily tattooed women who were survivors of childhood sexual abuse. The analysis involved interpreting the meanings participants gave to their tattooing practices in relation to how they construct their identities as they negotiate gender ideology, the tattoo renaissance, self-injury practices as related to tattooing, healing from childhood sexual abuse and oppressive beauty ideals. This study unearthed alternative ways of conceptualizing painful practices, female aesthetics, tattooing, women’s body reclamation projects, emotional trauma release, embodied domination, and bodily learning. It also offered insights into how the participants fragment their subjectivities and actively take over the authorship of their identities as they also try to positively influence their environments, challenge beauty norms and seek healing outside of traditional therapeutic environments.