Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 2005. / Embargoed. Vita. Bibliography: 149-156.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 126 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-17T16:51:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-06-10. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-05-17T16:54:44Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000858467.pdf: 2346803 bytes, checksum: 8eb03d0cf9e13d4b51d80092c6ea5380 (MD5) / Foi avaliada a reprodutibilidade das medidas de pressão intraocular (PIO) nos mesmos horários da curva tensional diária (CTD) de 24 horas, com três repetições. Foram estudados 33 indivíduos com glaucoma e suspeita de glaucoma sem tratamento. Todos os participantes foram submetidos a 3 CTDs de 24 horas. Os pacientes foram internados e as medidas foram realizadas às 9:00 hs, 12:00 hs, 15:00 hs, 18:00 hs, 21:00 hs, 24:00 hs e 6:00 hs com tonômetro de aplanação de Goldmann (TAG). A medida das 6:00 hs também foi realizada no leito, utilizando-se um tonômetro manual de Perkins antes da medida com o TAG. Uma segunda CTD de 24 horas foi realizada após um intervalo entre uma e três semanas e uma terceira após mesmo intervalo. A reprodutibilidade foi avaliada em cada horário da CTD de 24 horas com o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) e os gráficos de Bland- Altman. Nos gráficos de Bland-Altman considerou-se como limite de concordância uma diferença de até 3 mmHg entre as medidas. O CCI variou de 0,736 a 0,917 nos diferentes horários, estando a maioria deles acima de 0,800. Nos gráficos de Bland- Altman, a porcentagem de pontos dentro do limite de concordância de 3 mmHg variou de 72,7 a 97,0%, sendo na maioria das observações acima de 80%. Concluiuse que as medidas da PIO em cada momento da CTD de 24 horas nas três repetições apresentaram excelente ou boa reprodutibilidade em indivíduos com glaucoma e suspeita de glaucoma / The reproducibility of measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP) at the same points of the 24-hour daily tension curve (DTC) with three replications was evaluated. Thirtythree untreated subjects with glaucoma and suspected glaucoma were studied. All participants underwent three 24-hour DTCs. Briefly, participants were hospitalized and IOP measurements obtained at 9:00 AM, noon, 3:00 PM, 6:00 PM, 9:00 PM, midnight and 6:00 AM using a Goldmann applanation tonometer. The 6:00 AM measurement was also obtained at bedside with a handheld Perkins tonometer prior to Goldmann tonometry. A second 24-hour DTC was performed 1 to 3 weeks after the first, and a third and final curve was obtained 1 to 3 weeks after the second. Reproducibility of measurements at each time point of the 24-hour DTC was assessed by means of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. A 3-mmHg difference in IOP was defined as the limit of agreement for Bland- Altman plots. ICCs ranged from 0.736 to 0.917 at different time points, with the majority exceeding 0.800. The percentage of points within the 3-mmHg limit of agreement on Bland-Altman plots ranged from 72.7% to 97.0%, exceeding 80% in most cases. In conclusion, in patients with glaucoma or suspected glaucoma, IOP measurements obtained at each time point of the 24-hour DTC showed good or excellent reproducibility across the three curves performed

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-09T12:28:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-07-15Bitstream added on 2015-04-09T12:48:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000814977.pdf: 648645 bytes, checksum: 30e76402fd013eac04392612d142190b (MD5) / A catarata elenca-se entre as afecções oculares mais freqüentes em cães, sendo a facoemulsificação o método que melhor se adequa à sua terapia. As opacidades de cápsula posterior (OCPs) estão entre as complicações mais comuns e se manifestam em semanas ou meses após a facectomia. Lentes intraoculares (LIOs), empregadas na correção da hipermetropia pós-cirúrgica, são citadas como úteis na prevenção das OCPs, especialmente as acrílicas dobráveis, com bordas truncadas ou quadradas. Entretanto, quando OCPs se estabelecem requerem-se capsulotomias como forma de tratamento. Em pacientes humanos, reconhecem-se os efeitos do Nd:YAG laser como técnica não invasiva e segura frente a tais intercorrências. Para se compararem resultados de olhos de cães que receberam lentes intraoculares acrílicas dobráveis com olhos de cães afácicos, após facoemulsificação, durante um período de 180 dias, utilizaram-se 20 cães de raças diversas, machos ou fêmeas, que variaram de 3 a 7 anos de idade, apresentando catarata juvenil , imatura ou madura (imatura n = 10 , madura n = 10) bilateral. Dois grupos (G1 = com implante de lente intraocular e G2 = sem implante de lente artificial) foram formados aleatoriamente e todos os cães tiveram ambos os olhos operados. Após a cirurgia, os pacientes foram avaliados, semanalmente, quanto a presença ou a ausência de sinéquias, discoria, pressão intraocular, inflamação uveal e presença ou não de opacidade de cápsula posterior durante um período de 180 dias. Aos 60, 90, 120, 150 e 180 dias após a cirurgia, imagens da cápsula posterior foram capturados para avaliação da sua opacidade. Olhos com score 2 ou 3 de opacidade foram submetidos à terapia de capsulotomia pelo Nd:YAG laser. Variáveis categóricas ordinais foram comparadas (G1 X G2) empregando-se o teste de qui-quadrado e o teste exato de Fisher. Variáveis quantitativas foram comparadas empregando-se ANOVA com pós teste de Tukey / Cataracts are among the most common eye diseases in dogs, being the phacoemulsification method the one that best suits in their therapy. The posterior capsule opacification (PCOs) are among the most common complications and manifest themselves in weeks or months after cataract surgery. Intraocular lenses (IOLs) used in the correction of postoperative hyperopia, are mentioned as useful in the prevention of PCOs , especially the foldable acrylic ones with truncated or square edges. However, when PCOs are set up, capsulotomies are required as a treatment. In human patients, the effects of the Nd:YAG laser are recognized as a noninvasive and secure technique against such problems. To compare the results of eyes of dogs that received foldable acrylic intraocular lenses with eyes of aphakic dogs, after phacoemulsification, during a period of 180 days it was used 20 dogs of several breeds, male or female , ranging from 3 to 7 years old , with juvenile, immature or mature (n = 10 immature, mature n = 10) bilateral cataracts . Two groups (G1 = with implantation of intraocular lens and G2 = no artificial lens implant) were randomly formed and all dogs had both eyes operated. After the surgery, the patients were weekly evaluated for the presence or absence of synechiae, discoria, intraocular pressure, uveal inflammation and presence or absence of posterior capsule opacification during a period of 180 days. At 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days after surgery, the posterior capsule images were captured for evaluation of their opacity. Eyes with score 2 or 3 of opacity were underwent to capsulotomy by Nd:YAG laser. Ordinal categorical variables were compared (G1 X G2) using the chi-square and Fisher´s exact test. Quantitative variables were compared using ANOVA with Tukey post test. Synechiae were observed in the same frequency in both groups .G2 showed 30 % more discoria when compared to G1 Intraocular pressure did not differ between the groups. The ...

No description available.

Orientador: Antônio Carlos Lottelli Rodrigues / Banca: Wallace Chamon Alves de Siqueira / Banca: Carlos Roberto Padovani / Resumo: OBJETIVO: Estabelecer, para olhos com catarata congênita e do desenvolvimento, modelos matemáticos para o cálculo da taxa de crescimento axial diário (TCA) e cálculo do comprimento axial (Axl) em qualquer idade futura, a partir da idade e do Axl medido, no momento da cirurgia. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de crianças submetidas à facectomia com implante de LIO entre janeiro de 2011 a janeiro de 2014. Foram incluídas crianças com catarata não complicada sem patologias oculares e idade inferior a dez anos. Dados biométricos foram obtidos com biômetro de imersão. Procedeu-se a análise estatística dos dados e estabeleceu-se fórmulas matemáticas para cálculo da TCA e Axl. RESULTADOS: Foram operados 54 olhos de 33 crianças sendo 19 masculinos (57,58%) e 14 femininos (42,42%). Dos 33 casos analisados, 12 eram cataratas unilaterais (36,37%) e 21 eram cataratas bilaterais (63,63%). Nos casos de catarata bilateral utilizou-se apenas os dados do olho direito de cada criança. A amostra foi dividida em 3 grupos (cataratas unilaterais e bilaterais, cataratas unilaterais, cataratas bilaterais) e para cada grupo foi estabelecido uma fórmula matemática para cálculo da TCA e Axl. CONCLUSÕES: O presente estudo propõe uma nova maneira de abordagem no cálculo da LIO, não baseada em resultados refracionais pós-operatório mas em uma taxa de crescimento diário (TCA). As equações geradas permitem estabelecer a taxa de crescimento diária em qualquer idade e principalmente a permitem "prever" Axl futuro a partir de um Axl inicial medido. Não é possível concluir pelo presente estudo que o método proposto é superior a outros métodos de estimação do crescimento ocular. Estudos comparativos entre eles serão necessários para avaliar esta precisão / Abstract: PURPOSE: Establish, for the eyes with congenital and development cataract, mathematical models to calculate the daily axial growth rate (AGR) and calculation of the axial length (Axl) in any future age, from the age and Axl measured at the time of surgery. METHODS: Retrospective study of children undergoing cataract extraction with IOL implantation between January 2011 and January 2014. We included children with uncomplicated cataract without eye diseases and the age of ten years. Biometric data were obtained with plunge biometer. We carried out the statistical analysis of data and established mathematical formulas to calculate the AGR and Axl. RESTULTS: Were operated on 54 eyes of 33 children, 19 male (57.58%) and 14 female (42.42%). Of the 33 cases analyzed, 12 were unilateral cataracts (36,37%) and 21 were bilateral cataracts (63.63%). In cases of bilateral cataracts was used only the right eye of the data of every child. The sample was divided into 3 groups (unilateral and bilateral cataracts, unilateral cataracts, bilateral cataracts) and for each group was established a mathematical formula to calculate the AGR and Axl. CONCLUSIONS: This study proposes a new way to approach the calculation of IOL, not based on postoperative refractive results but on a daily growth rate (AGR). The generated equations for establishing the daily growth rate at any age and especially to allow "predict" Axl future from a measured initial Axl. Can not complete with this study that the proposed method is superior to other methods of estimation of eye growth. Comparative studies between them will be needed to assess this accurately / Mestre

We study the effectiveness of intra-household insurance among married couples when the husband loses his job due to a mass layoff or plant closure. Empirical results based on Austrian administrative data show that husbands suffer persistent employment and earnings losses, while wives' labor supply increases moderately due to extensive margin responses. Wives' earnings gains recover only a tiny fraction of the household income loss and, in the short-term, public transfers and taxes are a more important form of insurance. We show that the presence of children in the household is a crucial determinant of the wives' labor supply response.

Orientador: José Luiz Laus / Coorientador: Marcela Aldrovani / Banca: Karin Werther / Banca: Paola Castro Moraes / Banca: Claudia Valéria Seullner Brandão / Banca: Gabriela Rodrigues Sampaio / Resumo: Cachorros-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous) figuram entre os animais selvagens mais assistidos em centros de reabilitação, tornando imperioso ampliarem-se conhecimentos sobre parâmetros morfofisiológicos próprios à espécie. Na presente pesquisa, avaliaram-se as condições oftálmicas de 16 cachorros do mato (n=32 olhos). No estudo clínico, avaliaram-se oito indivíduos, sob contenção química, à teste lacrimal de Schirmer I (TLS I), à tonometria digital de aplanação (PIO), à microscopia especular de não contato (espessura corneal, densidade, área e hexagonalidade celulares endoteliais corneais), à ultrassonografia em modos A e B (biometria, notadamente o diâmetro axial, a profundidade das câmaras anterior e vítrea, e a espessura da lente) e à eletrorretinografia (amplitudes e tempos implícitos de ondas a e b, nas fases escotóptica e fotóptica). Córneas, colhidas post mortem, de outros oito animais, foram avaliadas à histologia, quanto às espessuras da córnea e do epitélio, e aos parâmetros de birrefringência (que informam sobre agregação e orientação) de fibras lamelares colágenas estromais, empregando-se morfometria, luz polarizada e "software" de análise de imagens. Parâmetros de birrefringência foram quantificados como níveis de cinza médio (GA). Em relação ao TLS I e a PIO, verificaram-se valores médios de 13,37±0,94 mm e 10,43±0,96 mmHg, respectivamente. A espessura corneal média foi de 0,53±0,01mm. Relativamente às células endoteliais corneais, os valores médios de densidade e de área foram, respectivamente, de 2.850,38±137,28 cell/mm2 e de 389,00±0,17 μm2. O valor médio de hexagonalidade foi 60,06±4,66 %. Em relação à biometria, verificaram-se valores de 15,93±0,28 mm para diâmetro axial, de 3,29±0,14 mm para profundidade de câmara anterior, de 6,02±0,11 mm para espessura da lente e de 6,61±0,21 mm para profundidade da câmara vítrea. À eletrorretinografia, na fase... / Abstract: Crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) are one of the wild animals most attended in rehabilitation centers, making it imperative to extend current knowledge of morphophysiological parameters specific to the species. This study assessed the ophthalmic conditions of 16 crab-eating foxes (n=32 eyes). Eight individuals were clinically assessed, under chemical restraint, by the Schirmer tear test I (STT I), digital applanation tonometry (IOP), non-contact specular microscopy (corneal thickness, density, area and corneal endothelial cell hexagonality), ultrasound in A and B modes (biometrics, particularly axial diameter, anterior and vitreous chamber depths and lens thickness) and electroretinography (amplitudes and implicit times of a- and b-waves, in scotopic and photopic phases). Corneas, collected post mortem from another eight individuals, were evaluated histologically to determine cornea and epithelium thickness and the birefringence parameters (data regarding aggregation and orientation) of lamellar collagenous stromal fibers, using morphometry, polarized light and image analysis software. Birefringence parameters were quantified as gray average (GA) values. Regarding the STT I and IOP, mean values of 13.37±0.94 mm and 10.43±0.96 mmHg were respectively verified. The mean corneal thickness was 0.53±0.01 mm. The mean density and area values of corneal endothelial cells were respectively 2850.38±137.28 cell/mm2 and 389.00±0.17 μm2. The mean value for hexagonality was 60.06±4.66 %. Concerning biometrics, the following mean values were verified: axial diameter, 15.93±0.28 mm; anterior chamber depth, 3.29±0.14 mm; vitreous chamber depth, 6.61±0.21 mm; and lens thickness, 6.02±0.11 mm. Electroretinography in the low amplitude scotopic phase showed values for mean amplitude and b-wave implicit time (20 min adaptation) of 87.33±5.36 μV and 73.10±1.12 ms, respectively. In the high amplitude scotopic phase, the mean amplitude value ... / Doutor

Cette recherche a pour objectif la description outillée de la pratique actuelle de l’alternance codique dans l’interaction orale en classe bilingue au Burkina Faso et de la problématique didactique liée à cette pratique dans une perspective d’amélioration. Dans une démarche de la linguistique de corpus, les outils linguistiques CLAN et Praat sont réadaptés aux investigations en contexte bilingue sur la base des théories formelle et fonctionnelle de la linguistique. Sur trois ans, 20h 36mn de films constitués de séquences de classes et d’entretiens ont été collectées. Le corpus a pris en compte des séquences des cours de disciplines linguistiques et de disciplines non linguistiques dans toutes les classes des écoles visitées. Après une transcription standardisée avec le logiciel CLAN, des codages spécifiques à notre orientation théorique ont été ajoutés à ce logiciel. Le logiciel Praat d’analyse phonétique et acoustique a été associé pour cerner les difficultés phoniques des élèves. De façon générale, au niveau quantitatif, l’emploi de L1 et de L2 tend à suivre les orientations globales officielles du pourcentage d’utilisation du français et des langues locales. Au niveau qualitatif, les résultats font ressortir, de l’analyse de l’alternance codique en interphrastique, en intraphrastique et en extraphrastique, les fonctions linguistiques, discursives, didactiques (chez les enseignants) et acquisitionnelles (chez les élèves). Des propositions d’amélioration des pratiques de classe ont été apportées. Toutes les hypothèses, sur le discours des élèves, des enseignants et sur les logiciels, ont été mises à l’épreuve. / This research aims at describing the current practice of code-switching in oral interaction in bilingual classes of Burkina Faso and didactical problems linked to this practice in a perspective of improvement. By a process of corpus linguistics, language tools, CLAN and Praat, are adapted to our bilingual context investigations on the basis of formal and functional theories of linguistics. For three years, 20h 36mn of movies of classroom activities and interviews were collected. The corpus has considered sequences of language arts classes and non-language subjects in all school classes we visited. After a standardized transcription with the CLAN software, specific codings suited to our theoretical orientation have been added to the software. Praat, a phonetic and acoustic analysis software, was associated to analyse pupils phonic difficulties. Quantitatively, the use of L1 and L2 tends to adhere to the official guidelines of the overall percentages of use of French and local languages. Qualitatively, the results of the analysis of inter-sentential, intra-sentential and extra-sentential code-switching highlight the linguistic, discursive, and didactic (for teachers) and acquisitional (for pupils) functions. Proposals for improvements were made. All hypotheses on pupils and teachers discourse, and on the software, have been tested.

We study interdependencies in spousal labor supply and the effectiveness of intrahousehold insurance in a sample of married couples, where the husband loses his job due to a mass layoff or plant closure using data from the Austrian Social Security Database. We show that in our sample of relatively young couples the shock hits households at crucial stages of family formation, which requires careful modeling of the wives' counterfactual lifecycle labor market patterns. In our empirical analysis, we propose three independent control groups of unaffected households to identify the causal effects of husbands' displacement on wives' labor supply. Our empirical results show that husbands suffer large and persistent employment and earnings losses over the first 5 years after displacement. But wives' labor supply increases only moderately and they respond predominantly at the extensive margin. The implied participation elasticity with respect to the husband's earnings shock is very small, about -0:04. While the wives' earnings gains recover only a tiny fraction of the household income loss, public transfers and taxes are a more important insurance at least in the short run. In terms of non-labor market related outcomes, we find a small positive effect on the probability of divorce, but no effect of the husband's job displacement on fertility. The presence and ages of children in the household are crucial determinants of the wife's labor supply response. The most responsive group are mothers, who are planning to return to the labor market after a maternity break, while mothers of very young children or wives without children remain unresponsive. We thus conclude that Austria's strong gender identity norms are an explanation for the limited scope of intra-household insurance.