This paper will attempt to explore the history and function of judical disagreement behaviour using information from both the Canadian Supreme Court and the US Supreme Court. The evolution of national high court decision making, highlights the changing role of courts within the political and public spheres, as well as the increasing authority courts have over policy. This changing role reinforces the need to study the role of courts on law. I will use minority opinions from the Laskin and Dickson courts to study what disagreement reveals about the decision making process. Judicial disagreement has largely been summed up into two deficient stereotypes: the dissent as "serious" disagreement and the separate concurrence as inferior disagreement to the dissent. I will dispel this fallacy by introducing the five categories created to describe a new way of thinking about judicial disagreement and to shatter the old stereotypes. / vii, 149 leaves ; 29 cm.

Zugl.: Potsdam, Univ., Diss.

[pt] O presente trabalho visa refletir sobre a intervenção que o Poder Judiciário, no âmbito da Primeira Vara de Infância e Juventude, vem concedendo às diversas manifestações de violência que a ele se apresenta. Diante das complexas, profundas e aceleradas transformações que vêm ocorrendo nos últimos anos em todo o mundo e que vem gerando novas formas de violência, busca-se, a partir da inserção deste fenômeno (violência) no âmbito da sociedade que o engendra e da conceitualização atual existente a seu respeito, a tradução de sua objetivação neste campo jurídico. A configuração atual deste universo do Poder Judiciário, no que se refere às intervenções sobre as situações de violência familiar, foi analisada a partir do conceito de campo formulado por Pierre Bourdieu, enquanto estratégia metodológica, e fundamentada através de uma contextualização histórica e de elementos teóricos discutidos e defendidos na contemporaneidade. As discussões presentes na dissertação têm como base dados pesquisados em processos da Primeira Vara de Infância e Juventude do Rio de Janeiro. Através desta investigação foi possível visualizar uma intervenção ainda disciplinadora e coercitiva da Justiça, em favor da população empobrecida, representada junto à autoridade judicial, neste campo específico, embora, contraditoriamente, também estejam presentes práticas que se distanciam deste caráter disciplinar e coercitivo, indicando possibilidades de mudanças neste campo jurídico . / [en] The objective of the present work is to call to the reflection about the intervention that the Judicial Power, on the jurisdiction of the Primeira Vara de Infância e Juventude (First Civil Court of Childhood and Youth), has been accomplishing with relation to violence manifestations presented to it. The expression of the materialization of the violence phenomenon has been searched in the Juridical field. Facing the complex, profound and sudden transformations which have been occurring during the last years in the whole world, causing new forms of violence, from the point of insertion of this phenomenon in society,which originates it, and from the existing present conceptualization to this respect. The present configuration of this universe of the Judicial Power, in that it refers to the interventions over the situations of domestic violence, has been analyzed from the field concept formulated by Pierre Bourdieu, as the methodological strategy,and based on a historical contextualization, on theoretical elements discussed, and supported in contemporaneity. The present discussions on this dissertation are based on data researched in civil suits at the Primeira Vara de Infância e Juventude (First Civil Court of Childhood and Youth) of Rio de Janeiro. Through this investigation it was made possible to imagine an yet disciplinating and coercive intervention of Justice, in favor of the impoverished population,represented by the judicial authority. In this specific field, there are also present,although opposingly, practices which are far from this disciplinating and coercive character, indicating possibilities of change in this Juridical field.

A pesquisa está relacionada ao estudo do Direito do Trabalho no contexto da chamada modernidade líquida, conceito proposto pelo sociólogo Zygmunt Bauman, partindo da perspectiva dos Direitos Humanos. Assim, a investigação indaga a influência que a modernidade líquida exerce sobre o Direito do Trabalho como um todo, envolvendo desde as relações de trabalho até a atuação do Poder Judiciário, atingindo inclusive o problema da plena eficácia das garantias conferidas aos trabalhadores pelo ordenamento jurídico brasileiro como consequência do referido contexto. Relativamente à perspectiva dos Direitos Humanos, o ponto de partida é a solidariedade como fundamento axiológico de tal seara de direitos, uma vez que o princípio influenciou o surgimento dos direitos sociais e, como o Direito do Trabalho integra aquele gênero, tal perspectiva será de grande valia. Ademais, a questão dos direitos humanos também estará voltada à teoria sociológica de Bauman, observando seu olhar sobre tal gênero de direitos com consequente análise crítica do posicionamento por ele adotado. Por fim, analisam-se os reflexos da modernidade líquida materializados no Direito do Trabalho, no âmbito da jurisprudência e em face da política conciliatória, de maneira que emerge a constatação da existência de um processo de desregulamentação da proteção aos trabalhadores com o auxílio do próprio Estado. / This work is related to the Labor Law study in the context of called liquid modernity. This concept was proposed by the sociologist Zygmunt Bauman, from the perspective of Human Rights. Thus, the purpose of this work is to investigate the influence of liquid modernity on Labor Law as a whole, from labor relations to the Judicial Power approaches. The study also includes the problem of rights full effectiveness guaranteed to workers by Brazilian law as a result of this context. Regarding the perspective of Human Rights, the starting point is solidarity as the basis of such axiological harvest rights, since the principle has influenced the emergence of social rights and labor law as part of the genre, this perspective will be of great value. Moreover, the issue of human rights will also be focused on the sociological theory of Bauman, investigating its point of view at this kind of rights with subsequent review of the position adopted. Finally, we analyze the consequences of liquid modernity embodied in Labor Law, in the jurisprudence scope and facing the conciliatory politic, so giving rise to the finding of a deregulation of worker protection with their own State agreement.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed October 13, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 375-400).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 182-194). Also available on the Internet.

The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region established the legal and judicial systems of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) of the People’s Republic of China. The courts of the HKSAR are vested under the Basic Law with the independent judicial power of the HKSAR, and are authorized to interpret the Basic Law. The common law based legal system is maintained in the new order under the Basic Law. The HKSAR courts have interpreted the Basic Law as the constitution of the HKSAR, and, using the traction provided by the constitutionalization of the Basic Law, made and filled for themselves the role of a constitutional check on the executive and legislative branches of government to ensure that they act in accordance with the Basic Law, with the constitutional jurisdiction to invalidate executive decisions and legislations found to be inconsistent with the Basic Law. This Thesis considers the exercise of judicial power in the HKSAR along three trajectories. The first tackles the challenges to the legality and legitimacy of the constitutional jurisdiction of the courts of the HKSAR to review legislations of the HKSAR, principally propounded by Mainland Chinese scholarship. The arguments set out in the most representative of such scholarship are each examined and rebutted. Nevertheless, the courts of the HKSAR are vulnerable to the exercise of the power of interpretation by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (NPCSC) of certain provisions of the Basic Law touching upon the review of legislation and the adjudication of cases. The second concerns the relationship between the HKSAR courts and the coordinate branches of government of the HKSAR, namely the executive authorities and the legislature. Through an examination of the methodologies and procedures in which the HKSAR courts review legislation, it is found that they have calibrated and tempered the process of review, including the countering of justification with deference and the innovation in remedies, to palliate the effect of judicial scrutiny. The third examines the incidents where the exercise of judicial power in the HKSAR impinges upon a national law element under the Basic Law, the chief of which is the Court of Final Appeal making a reference of provisions of the Basic Law to the NPCSC for interpretation before final adjudication. The Court adopted strategies to resist the making of a reference to the NPCSC, taking a ‘second-best’ approach in limiting the effect and influence of Mainland legislative measures and legal theory in the HKSAR. It is possible for the Court to act as a last bastion of the autonomy of the HKSAR. This Thesis concludes with a cautious look at the erosive risks to the duty of the HKSAR courts to exercise constitutional jurisdiction posed by the findings above and the trend of indigenization of jurisprudence. The jurisprudence of the HKSAR must, in its own interest, stay cosmopolitan. / The Best PhD Thesis in the Faculties of Architecture, Arts, Business & Economics, Education, Law and Social Sciences (University of Hong Kong), Li Ka Shing Prize, 2010-11. / published_or_final_version / Law / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

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published_or_final_version / Sociology / Master / Master of Social Sciences