Dans cette thèse nous étudions la dynamique engendrée par une famille de flots Hamiltoniens. Un tel système dynamique à plusieurs générateurs est aussi appelé ‘polysystème’. Motivés par des questions liées au phénomène de la diffusion d’Arnold, notre objectif est de construire des trajectoires du polysystème qui relient deux régions lointaines de l’espace des phases. La thèse est divisée en trois parties.Dans la première partie, nous considérons le polysystème engendré par les flots discrétisés d’une famille d’Hamiltoniens Tonelli. En utilisant une approche variationnelle issue de la théorie KAM faible, nous donnons des conditions suffisantes pour l’existence des trajectoires souhaitées.Dans la deuxième partie, nous traitons le cas d’un polysystème engendré par un couple de flots Hamiltoniens à temps continu, dont l’étude rentre dans le cadre de la théorie géométrique du contrôle. Dans ce contexte, nous montrons dans certains cas la transitivité d’un polysystème générique, à l’aide du théorème de transversalité de Thom.La dernière partie de la thèse est dédiée à obtenir une nouvelle version du théorème de transversalité de Thom s’exprimant en termes d’ensembles rectifiables de codimension positive. Dans cette partie il n’est pas question de polysystèmes, ni d’Hamiltoniens. Néanmoins, les résultats obtenus ici sont utilisés dans la deuxième partie de la thèse / In this thesis we study the dynamics generated by a family of Hamiltonian flows. Such a dynamical system with several generators is also called ‘polysystem’.Motivated by some questions related to the phenomenon of Arnold diffusion, our aim is to construct trajectories of the polysystem which connect two far-apart regions of the phase space.The thesis is divided into three parts.In the first part, we consider the polysystem generated by the time-onemaps of a family of Tonelli Hamiltonians. By using a variational approach falling within the framework of weak KAM theory, we give sufficient conditions for the existence of the desired trajectories.In the second part, we address the case of a polysystem generated by twocontinuous-time Hamiltonian flows. This problem fits into the framework of geometriccontrol theory. In this context, we show in some cases the transitivity of a generic polysystem, by means of Thom’s transversality theorem.The third and last part of the thesis is devoted to the proof of a newversion of Thom’s transversality theorem, formulated in terms of rectifiable sets of positive codimension. Neither polysystems nor Hamiltonians are explicitly involved in this part. However, the results obtained here are used in the second part of the thesis.

本篇論文以高步侗族村寨為研究地點，其位於湖南省懷化市通道侗族自治縣坪坦鄉。高步侗寨屬於通道縣坪坦鄉下轄的村組織，由高升行政村、高上行政村、克中行政村所組成，三個村底下管轄著岩寨、秧田、上寨屯、高升、龍姓、高坪六個自然村。高步侗寨四週為山地，中間有一條河流經，其中約有561戶、2410人，交通較為不便，因此少有外人進入。 　　侗族村寨整體與周遭自然環境相輔相成，進而達到巧妙的平衡；侗人家屋的空間格局，與人在其中的活動息息相關；在公共空間──鼓樓、風雨橋中，看見人群間的交際往來；村寨中的田地、道路、水塘、河流，串聯起人們的生產生活。侗寨中的每個空間，都是人與環境交互影響之下的產物，筆者欲從中探討其文化脈絡與空間建構的關係。 　　近幾年來，中國各地的少數民族村寨旅遊也如火如荼地發展著，觀光成為村寨快速發展經濟的主要途徑，但在發展觀光業的同時，卻也逐漸流失其珍貴的傳統文化而不自覺。因此，筆者欲以高步侗寨為例，探討高步侗人的空間建構文化，分析隱含於其中的文化內涵，小至家屋、大至整體村寨，觀察人與自然環境之間如何相互牽繫，相輔相成地形成獨特的居住形式，探究高步侗人在面臨劇烈的現代化變遷後，如何經過自身文化體系的調適，在傳統文化與新事物的相互調和中，發掘高步侗人的文化價值，筆者欲針對現代化之影響提出相對應的觀念與措施，進而保存傳統文化，避免文化流失於洪流中而不復返。 / The thesis mainly focuses on Kam in Gaobu village, which is located in Huaihua City, Hunan Province. Gaobu village is under the jurisdiction of Pingtan, Tongdao Dong Autonomous County and comprises three administrative villages: Gaosheng, Gaoshang, and Kezhong. Under the administrative villages, there are 6 natural villages: Yanzhai, Yangtian, Shangzhaitun, Longxing, and Gaoping. Gaobu village is surrounded by mountains. There is a river flowing through the area, which lives about 561 households and 2,410 people. Visitors are not often to see because of the inconvenient traffic. Kam villages are influenced by surrounding natural environment and reach a subtle balance. The spaces of Kam houses are highly related to their daily life. Interactions between villagers happen in public spaces, such as Gǔlóu (鼓樓) and Fēngyǔ Bridge (風雨橋); the production and life of people are composed of the fields, paths, ponds and rivers in the villages. Every space in Kam villages reflects the interaction between people and the environment. The purpose of this study is to discuss the relation between cultural context and the construction of space in Kam villages. In recent years, the rural tourism in ethnic minority areas has been fast-expanding. Tourism has become the main solution of economic development for villages. Meanwhile, people have gradually lost their traditional culture without consciousness. Therefore, this study takes Gaobu village as an example and attempts to talk about the culture of the construction of space of Kam people in Gaobu; analyze the cultural connotation within; observe how people interact with the natural environment and develop the unique way of inhabitation from houses and the whole village. In addition, this study explores that how Kam people in Gaobu bring back cultural values after the accommodation of their culture system, and the harmonizing of traditional culture and new things, when facing the drastic modernization. In response to the impact of modernization, this study aims to propose corresponding concepts and measures to preserve traditional culture instead of losing it.

<p>Den här studien fokuserar på komplementärmedicin ur fyra informanters perspektiv och med kopplingar till aktuella vetenskapliga diskussioner och strömningar. Bakgrunden till studien är en ökande användning av komplementärmedicin i samhället och livliga debatter kring dess vetenskapliga status. Syftet är att genom kvalitativa metoder belysa viktiga aspekter av informanternas användning av komplementärmedicin. Mycket uppmärksamhet ägnas åt informanternas syn på de olika metodernas effektivitet, hur denna definieras och vilka konkreta resultat informanterna strävar efter eller upplever.</p> / <p>This study focuses on complementary medicine from the perspectives of four informants, and with reference to topical scientific discussions and currents. The background of this study is to be found in the growing use of complementary medicine in the society. The main goal is to shed light on important aspects of the informants’ use of complementary medicine. Much attention is focused on their views regarding the efficacy of the various methods, how it is defined and what concrete results they are striving for, or experiencing.</p>

Den här studien fokuserar på komplementärmedicin ur fyra informanters perspektiv och med kopplingar till aktuella vetenskapliga diskussioner och strömningar. Bakgrunden till studien är en ökande användning av komplementärmedicin i samhället och livliga debatter kring dess vetenskapliga status. Syftet är att genom kvalitativa metoder belysa viktiga aspekter av informanternas användning av komplementärmedicin. Mycket uppmärksamhet ägnas åt informanternas syn på de olika metodernas effektivitet, hur denna definieras och vilka konkreta resultat informanterna strävar efter eller upplever. / This study focuses on complementary medicine from the perspectives of four informants, and with reference to topical scientific discussions and currents. The background of this study is to be found in the growing use of complementary medicine in the society. The main goal is to shed light on important aspects of the informants’ use of complementary medicine. Much attention is focused on their views regarding the efficacy of the various methods, how it is defined and what concrete results they are striving for, or experiencing.

Dans cette thèse nous étudions la dynamique engendrée par une famille de flots Hamiltoniens. Un tel système dynamique à plusieurs générateurs est aussi appelé 'polysystème'. Motivés par des questions liées au phénomène de la diffusion d'Arnold, notre objectif est de construire des trajectoires du polysystème qui relient deux régions lointaines de l'espace des phases. La thèse est divisée en trois parties.Dans la première partie, nous considérons le polysystème engendré par les flots discrétisés d'une famille d'Hamiltoniens Tonelli. En utilisant une approche variationnelle issue de la théorie KAM faible, nous donnons des conditions suffisantes pour l'existence des trajectoires souhaitées.Dans la deuxième partie, nous traitons le cas d'un polysystème engendré par un couple de flots Hamiltoniens à temps continu, dont l'étude rentre dans le cadre de la théorie géométrique du contrôle. Dans ce contexte, nous montrons dans certains cas la transitivité d'un polysystème générique, à l'aide du théorème de transversalité de Thom.La dernière partie de la thèse est dédiée à obtenir une nouvelle version du théorème de transversalité de Thom s'exprimant en termes d'ensembles rectifiables de codimension positive. Dans cette partie il n'est pas question de polysystèmes, ni d'Hamiltoniens. Néanmoins, les résultats obtenus ici sont utilisés dans la deuxième partie de la thèse

The digitalization of our society and the creation of data intense industries are transforming how industrial sales can be made. Large volumes of data are generated when businesses and people use digital products and services which are available in the modern world. Some of this data describes the digital products and services when they are in use, i.e., it is in-service data. Furthermore, data has during the last decade been seen as an asset which can improve decision-making and has made sales activities become increasingly customer specific. The purpose of this study was to explore how knowledge from in-service data can serve B2B selling. To realize this purpose the following three research questions were answered by conducting a single case study of a large company in the information and communications technology (ICT) industry. (RQ1) How does a company in a data intense industry use knowledge from in-service data in the B2B sales process? (RQ2) What opportunities does knowledge from in-service data create in the B2B sales process? (RQ3) What challenges hinder a company from using knowledge from in-service data in the B2B sales process? RQ1: This study has concluded that, in the context of a data intense industry, throughout the steps in the B2B sales process, knowledge from in-service data is actively used by the sales team, however, to varying degrees. In-service data is used in six categories of sales activities: (1) to understand the customer in terms of their technical and strategical needs, which enables lead generation and cross-selling, (2) to make information from in-service data available through data collection, storage, and analyses, (3) to nurture the relationship between buyer and seller by creating understanding, trust and satisfactory offers to the customer, (4) to present solutions with convincing arguments, (5) to solve problems and satisfy the customer’s needs, and (6) to provide post-sale value-adding services. Moreover, three general resources which are used in the activities were identified: An audit report which presents the information of the data, a plan which presents strategic expansions of the solution, and simulations of the solution. Furthermore, four general actors who are performing the activities were identified: the Key Account Manager (KAM) who is responsible for conducting the sales interactions with the customer, the sales team, and the presales team who both support the KAM, and the customer. In addition to the general resources and actors, companies may use step-specific resources and actors. RQ2: Four categories of opportunities were identified: knowledge from in-service data (1) assists KAMs in discovering customer needs, (2) guides the KAM in creating better customer specific solutions, (3) helps the KAM move the sale faster through the sales process, and (4) assists the company in becoming a true partner who provides strategic services, rather than acting as a supplier. RQ3: Finally, four categories of challenges were identified: (1) organizational, (2) technological, (3) cultural, and (4) legal &amp; security. Out of these, obtaining access to the data was identified as the greatest challenge to use in-service data. The opportunities and the challenge to access data are deemed to be general for companies in data intense industries, while the other challenges are depending on the structure, size, and culture of the individual company. The findings of this study contribute to a general understanding of how companies in data intense industries may use knowledge from in-service data, what opportunities this data create for their B2B sales process, and which challenges they face when they pursue activities which use the knowledge from in-service data. To conclude, in-service data serves B2B selling especially as a source of customer knowledge. It is used by salespeople to understand the customer in terms of its technical and strategical needs and salespeople use this knowledge to conduct various customer-oriented sales activities. In-service data creates several opportunities in B2B sales. However, several challenges must be overcome to seize the opportunities. Especially the question of data access.

Bakgrund: Palliativ vård är baserad på en helhetssyn på människan och fokuserar på livskvalitet och värdighet. Patienter i den senare fasen av palliativ vård upplever ofta att kroppens försämringar påverkar deras självbild och självbestämmande. Fysisk aktivitet ger positiva effekter för patienter med avancerad cancer som orkar att träna intensivt, däremot patienter i den sena fasen av palliativ vård behöver mindre fysiskt krävande interventioner. Det saknas forskning angående upplevelser av rörelser och hur dessa kan påverka välbefinnandet för svårt sjuka patienter. Vidare behovs ökad förståelse för hur fysisk aktivitet kan främjas av personal på en specialiserad palliativ vårdavdelning. Syfte: Att beskriva erfarenheterna av en Rörelsestig på en specialiserad palliativ slutenvårdsavdelning. Metod: Studien är en kvalitativ studie med induktiv ansats. En 60 meter lång promenadstig med 4 utspridda övningsstationer skapades på hospiceavdelningen. Data om erfarenheterna av Rörelsestigen samlades in genom kommentarsenkäter för patienter och närstående samt fyra fokusgruppintervjuer med 11 vårdpersonal och en volontär. Inspelade samtal transkriberades och data analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys baserad på Graneheim och Lundman (2004). Analysprocessen pendlade mellan helheten och kodning av texten för att behålla meningen i samtalets kontext.  Resultat: En dataanalys av fokusgruppsintervjuerna resulterade i fem underteman. De första två undertemana; ’Ett inspirerande och utmanande verktyg att främja fysisk aktivitet’ samt ’Rörelsestigen innebär gemenskap’ var beskrivande, baserade på deltagarnas personliga erfarenheter och reflektioner. De tre andra undertemana, ’Mål ger dagen mening’, ’Återtar kontroll över sig själv’ och ’Jag är kvar i livet!’ var baserade på material där deltagarna uttryckte sig om vad de uppfattade att patienter och närstående upplevde. Dessa fem underteman samlades under huvudtemat ’Ett värdigt liv i rörelse nära döden.’ Diskussion: Resultaten från fokusgruppintervjuerna visar ett brett spann i upplevelser av Rörelsestigen, relaterade till olika aspekter av att vara en människa i en svår situation. Studien antyder att upplevelse av rörelse kan främja välbefinnande genom att ge stöd till patientens fysiska, psykiska, sociala och existentiella dimensioner både inom den tidiga och den sena fasen av palliativ vård. Rörelsestigen är enkel att sätta upp och introducera samt är flexibel i förhållande till olika typer av avdelningar då den inte kräver någon stor budget eller dyra redskap. Den ger tillgång till rörelseövningar för patienter och därmed de fördelar som rörelse ger.  Risken finns dock att upplevd tidsbrist skapar samvetsstress hos vårdpersonalen. Därför behövs  tydligt stöd från avdelningsledningen.  För vidare utveckling rekommenderas intervjuer med patienter angående deras erfarenheter av Rörelsestigen samt utvärdering av Rörelsestigen på andra palliativa vårdavdelningar i olika delar av landet. / Background: Palliative care is based on a holistic view of people and focuses on quality of life and dignity. Patients in the later phase of palliative care often experience changes in the body that affect their self-image and autonomy. Physical activity has showed positive effects in patients with advanced cancer who are able to train intensively, however patients in the later phase of palliative care need interventions that are less physically demanding. Research is lacking regarding experience of movement and how this can affect the wellbeing of seriously ill patients. Further understanding is also required into how healthcare workers can promote physical activity on a specialist palliative care ward.  Aim: To describe the experiences of a pathway for movement on a specialist palliative care ward. Method: This is a qualitative study with an inductive approach. Four stations, each with the opportunity to do a different movement were spread out over a pathway of approximately 60 meters on the hospice unit. Data on the experiences of using the pathway was collected through questionnaires for patients and their relatives as well as four focus group interviews with 11 health care workers and one volunteer. The recorded interviews were transcribed and analysed with qualitative content analysis according to Graneheim and Lundman (2004). The analytic process moved back and forth between focusing on the whole text and coding of the text in order to preserve the meaning in the context of the discussion. Results: Five sub themes were identified after data analysis. The two first sub themes; ’An inspiring and challenging tool to facilitate physical activity’ and ’Pathway for movement includes companionship’ were descriptive and based on the participants personal experiences and reflections. The three other sub themes; ’Goals give the day meaning’, ’Take back control over myself’ and ’I am still alive!’ were based on material where participants expressed what they believed patients and relatives experienced. These five sub themes were gathered in the main theme: ’A dignified life through movement close to death’ Discussion: The results reveal a wide range of experiences of the pathway for movement related to different aspects of being a human being in a difficult situation. The study suggests that experiencing movement can promote wellbeing through supporting the patients physical, psychological, social and existential dimensions, both in the early and later phases of palliative care. The pathway for movement is simple to set up and initiate as well as being flexible to different types of ward as it does not need a large budget or expensive equipment. It gives the opportunity to access physical activity and thus its benefits for patients. There is however a risk for increased stress for health care staff due to time constraints and therefore support is needed from management. Interviews with patients regarding their own experiences of the pathway for movement as well as its introduction in other palliative care units is recommended for future development.

Dans cette thèse on s'intéresse à deux problèmes faisant intervenir des formes normales de champs de vecteurs et des phénomènes exponentiellement petits. Dans le premier chapitre on démontre tout d'abord deux théorèmes de normalisation avec restes exponentiellement petits pour des champs de vecteurs analytiques au voisinage d'un point d'équilibre, dans le cas non autonome périodique. Le premier théorème de normalisation permet de construire une quasi-variété invariante à un exponentiellement petit près, tandis que le deuxième met le champ de vecteur sous la forme normale de Elphick-Tirapegui-Brachet-Coullet-Iooss à un exponentiellement petit près. Dans le deuxième chapitre on travaille près d'un point d'équilibre d'une famille de systèmes hamiltoniens au voisinage d'une résonance 0²iw. On démontre l'existence d'une famille d'orbites périodiques entourant l'équilibre puis l'existence d'orbites homoclines à plusieurs boucles à chacune de ces orbites périodiques, aussi proche de cet équilibre que l'on veut à l'exception de l'équilibre lui-même. La démonstration est basée sur la preuve d'un théorème de forme normale hamiltonien inspiré des formes normales de Elphick-Tirapegui-Brachet-Coullet-Iooss ainsi que sur une normalisation locale hamiltonienne s'appuyant sur un résultat de Moser. On obtient ensuite le résultat grâce à des arguments géométriques liés à la petite dimension et à un théorème KAM qui permet de confiner les boucles. Pour le même problème dans le cadre d'un champ de vecteurs réversible non hamiltonien, l'apparition d'exponentiellement petits lors de la perturbation de l'orbite homocline de la forme normale empêche la démonstration de l'existence d'orbites homoclines à des orbites périodiques de taille exponentiellement petite. Le même phénomène apparait ici mais l'obstacle est contourné grâce à des arguments géométriques spécifiques aux système Hamiltoniens.

Zugl.: Göttingen, Univ., Diss.

PASTORKOVÁ, Eva. City within the city / "Trnitá city block". Brno, 2020. Also available from: https://www.vutbr.cz/studenti/zav-prace/detail/125534. Master´s thesis. Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Design. Supervisor Vítězslav Nový. The subject of the master's thesis - City within the city / "Trnitá city block" is a design for a multi-functional building in a block of urban structure (territorial study of the also called "Southern area - Trnitá" - KAM Brno 2019). The project supplements the pre-master´s thesis elaborated within the course Studio III M3. The introductory part of the work is focused on familiarization with the issue of the area. The urban study "South Quarter - Trnitá" is also verified at the theoretical level, where it follows the main aspects of housing in the city, examining the city factor - multi-functional houses from history to the present. It seeks to create a place that not only enhances people's quality of life, but also the space itself. The proposed building, which is part of the newly designed block, includes a conceptual and material solution, which is linked to the layout, operational and technical design of the building. The building creates a functioning system in accordance with human, at the level of the city block and in the context of the entire city.