The topic of the thesis is the comparison of photographs in year-books of magazine Týden and year-books of Lidové noviny newspaper from the point of view of the News values, as set by Johan Galtung and Mari Ruge and their successors, and also with respect to other qualities and values which are crucial in the process of selection of news photographs. The year-books of chosen media are the summaries of their production of given year, they are the selection of events which are considered the most important of that year. From the visual point of view, the year-books have much more space devoted to photography than their standard issues. The number of photographs and their size are therefore much higher. The thesis compares two pairs of year-books with a nine-year interval between them. This makes us compare the shifts and changes of their qualities in time, using a quantitative analysis research. The important part of the thesis is devoted to the routines of editorial staff, who are responsible for the selection of photographs. To explain this part, we used interviews with photo-editors or image editors. In these interviews we put emphasis on the very fundaments of editors work, the factors and circumstances which limit and affect his work and we also identified the values or qualities of photographs which are...

The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the organizational and environmental correlates of hospital EMR use and to examine the relationship between hospital EMR use and performance. Using a theoretical framework that combines resource dependence theory with Donabedian's structure, process, outcome model, a conceptual model is created. To test the hypotheses of this model, logistic regression and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) are used. The data included in this analysis come from the AHA, HIMSS, CMS, ARF, and HQA. In the analysis of hospitals correlates of EMR use, three hypotheses were supported, and one was partially supported. Hospital system affiliation, bed size, and environmental uncertainty were found to be positively associated with hospital EMR use. Hospital rurality was found to be associated with EMR use for all categories except one; at every other level of rurality, as the hospital moves on a continuum from least rural to most urban, the likelihood of hospital EMR use also increases. Hospital EMR use was not found to be associated with teaching status, environmental munificence, competition, operating margin, ownership, or public payer mix. In the hospital performance analyses, one hypothesis was supported, and one was partially supported. Regarding quality, hospitals with EMRs were found to provide higher quality than those without EMRs. In efficiency performance, only small hospitals with EMRs were found to be more efficient than hospitals without EMRs. No support was found that hospitals with EMRs improve their efficiency over time more than hospitals without EMRs. Hospital EMR use does vary by certain organizational and environmental characteristics. For this reason, hospitals and policy makers must take action that enables and encourages all hospitals to implement and use EMRs because some hospitals do not have the motivation or resources to begin using EMRs on their own. Hospital EMR use is positively associated with high quality care, thus justifying the practice. Hospital efficiency was not found to be associated with EMR use in medium or large hospitals, but it was found to be associated with EMR use in small hospitals. Interestingly, larger hospitals are more likely to use EMRs than small hospitals. It is possible that the efficiency gains of EMR use in hospitals will not be realized until a standardized, fully interoperable system is developed, allowing health care provides to quickly and easily share the medical charts of their patients.

The number of students electing to study music at the Senior Level in Queensland State High Schools has declined over recent years. Year 8 is the last time that students experience music lessons before being faced with subject choices. This study investigates the year 8 music program - its content and delivery. What can be done to improve music teaching in year 8? How can we present experiences at this level that will stimulate students' interest; improve their knowledge and skills; and develop students' aesthetic sensitivity to the art of music? This study involved conducting an action research project in a year 8 music class. This was done in collaboration with the classroom music teacher and her class of 25 students. The cyclical process as described by Zuber-Skerritt - acting, observing, reflecting, planning - was adopted. The study aimed: (a) to document positive experiences that could be used in the year 8 music classroom; (b) to stimulate new interest in the studying of senior music; (c) to discover ways to encourage music teachers to become reflective practitioners with a view to improving their practice; (d) to offer an action research model that other music teachers could implement in their classroom. The data collection involved the keeping of journals by the teacher and researcher; recorded interviews with the teacher and students; videos and photographs of the class; as well as interviews with other year 8 music teachers. The study identified a negative attitude by music teachers to the teaching of year 8 music. The dominant theme being taught at this level is Pop Music with a foundation unit being the starting point. Year 8 students also revealed a negative attitude to music lessons. This research project has demonstrated that it is possible to set up a program which engages year 8 students in music making and provides them with worthwhile learning experiences. However, at the end of the project, there was not a significant increase in the number of students electing to study music at the senior level. The study also set up a model for action research that could be adopted by other music teachers in their classrooms. The results of reflective practice employed by the researcher and the music teacher provided positive attitudes for other music teachers and encouragement for others to implement this practice in their classroom. Further studies are needed to involve other music teachers in reflective practice; collaboration in action research (especially in the year 8 classroom); and also the implementation of the new syllabus that will have a positive effect on the future of the subject of music and a positive effect on students' attitudes to the music subject.

<p>Telefonen har blivit ett redskap för människor som söker kontakt med hälso- och sjukvården vilket har medfört krav på ökad tillgänglighet till den telefonrådgivning som ges vid hälsocentraler. Telefonrådgivning på hälsocentral utförs av distriktssköterskor och är en svår, viktig och ansvarsfull arbetsuppgift som dessutom kräver tålamod och flexibilitet. Telefonrådgivning medför ibland svåra prioriteringar för distriktssköterskan. Arbetsuppgiften upptar mera av distriktssköterskans arbetstid än tidigare. Syftet med studien var att få kunskap om hur distriktssköterskorna upplever telefonrådgivning som arbetsuppgift och hur de upplever att dokumentera i samband med telefonrådgivning. Tio distriktssköterskor intervjuades. I resultat framkom att informanterna upplevde att arbetet i telefonrådgivning innebär att ta snabba beslut, en del beslut är svåra och vissa beslut upplevdes som obekväma. Informanterna upplevde att de alltid måste balansera olika krav. Informanterna beskrev att de känner tacksamhet för sin egen kompetens och erfarenhet som kommer väl till användning vid de ständiga prioriteringarna och den fördelning av resurser som förekommer. Informanterna beskrev flera olika känslomässiga upplevelser. Informanterna menade att tiden ofta är för begränsade för varje patientärende och finns tidsutrymme för noggrann dokumentation, känns det som en bonus.</p> / <p>The phone has become an important tool för people seeking contact in health services this has led to greater demands on the availability of telephone advice given at the health centers. Telephone counseling at health centers conducted by the district nurses, is a difficult, important and responsible task which requires both patience and flexibility. Telephone counseling involves sometimes difficult priorities for the district nurse. Telephone counseling has resulted in a change of district nurse tasks and occupies more of the district nurse working hour than before. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into how district nurses experience working with telephone advice and how they experience the ability to write in the patient records. Ten district nurses were interviewed for the study, all working in health center with telephone counseling and with home nursing, reception work or child health. The results found that the informants experienced that working in a telephone counseling means above all, to make quick decisions, some difficult decisions and some decisions are perceived as inconvenient. The informants experienced that they always have to balance various demands. The informants described that they feel gratitude for their own skills and their own experiences for use at all these priorities and allocation of resources at the present. The informants had various emotional experiences. The informants believed that time is often too limited for each patient case and if time is sufficient for careful documentation, it feels like a bonus.</p>

Telefonen har blivit ett redskap för människor som söker kontakt med hälso- och sjukvården vilket har medfört krav på ökad tillgänglighet till den telefonrådgivning som ges vid hälsocentraler. Telefonrådgivning på hälsocentral utförs av distriktssköterskor och är en svår, viktig och ansvarsfull arbetsuppgift som dessutom kräver tålamod och flexibilitet. Telefonrådgivning medför ibland svåra prioriteringar för distriktssköterskan. Arbetsuppgiften upptar mera av distriktssköterskans arbetstid än tidigare. Syftet med studien var att få kunskap om hur distriktssköterskorna upplever telefonrådgivning som arbetsuppgift och hur de upplever att dokumentera i samband med telefonrådgivning. Tio distriktssköterskor intervjuades. I resultat framkom att informanterna upplevde att arbetet i telefonrådgivning innebär att ta snabba beslut, en del beslut är svåra och vissa beslut upplevdes som obekväma. Informanterna upplevde att de alltid måste balansera olika krav. Informanterna beskrev att de känner tacksamhet för sin egen kompetens och erfarenhet som kommer väl till användning vid de ständiga prioriteringarna och den fördelning av resurser som förekommer. Informanterna beskrev flera olika känslomässiga upplevelser. Informanterna menade att tiden ofta är för begränsade för varje patientärende och finns tidsutrymme för noggrann dokumentation, känns det som en bonus. / The phone has become an important tool för people seeking contact in health services this has led to greater demands on the availability of telephone advice given at the health centers. Telephone counseling at health centers conducted by the district nurses, is a difficult, important and responsible task which requires both patience and flexibility. Telephone counseling involves sometimes difficult priorities for the district nurse. Telephone counseling has resulted in a change of district nurse tasks and occupies more of the district nurse working hour than before. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into how district nurses experience working with telephone advice and how they experience the ability to write in the patient records. Ten district nurses were interviewed for the study, all working in health center with telephone counseling and with home nursing, reception work or child health. The results found that the informants experienced that working in a telephone counseling means above all, to make quick decisions, some difficult decisions and some decisions are perceived as inconvenient. The informants experienced that they always have to balance various demands. The informants described that they feel gratitude for their own skills and their own experiences for use at all these priorities and allocation of resources at the present. The informants had various emotional experiences. The informants believed that time is often too limited for each patient case and if time is sufficient for careful documentation, it feels like a bonus.

This research focuses on the development and study of socially appropriate ways to archive data about important life experiences during unexpected and unstructured situations. This work involves three significant phases: formative studies to understand the data capture needs of particular populations of users in these situations; design and development of a technical architecture for capture and access in these settings coupled with design and development of applications for two specific domain problems; and evaluation of this solution as it pertains to these domain problems. The underlying solution presented in this dissertation is known as selective archiving, in which services are always on and available for recording but require some explicit action to archive data. If no such action is taken, recorded data is deleted automatically after a specified time. Selectively archived segments of data can provide an efficient way to recover and to analyze high quality data that traditionally available. The projects presented in this dissertation provide insight about the ways in which we can support record-keeping in informal and unstructured settings. Furthermore, when examined together, these projects provide a view into the larger generalized problem of unstructured capture and access and the acceptability of capture technologies. These considerations evolved into a set of seven tensions surrounding recording technologies that are presented in this dissertation. Furthermore, the experiences surrounding the deployment and evaluation of selective archiving technologies demonstrate the ways in which people use different types of knowledge and cues from the world to determine their reactions to and adoption of such technologies.

Estimation of the total mission life of a spacecraft is an important issue for the communication satellite industries. For accurate determination of the remaining mission life of the satellite it is essential to estimate the amount of propellant present in the propellant tank of the spacecraft at various stages of its mission life. Because the annual revenue incurred from a typical communication satellite operating at its full capacity is on the order of millions of dollars, premature removal of spacecraft from their orbits results in heavy losses. Various techniques such as the bo okkeeping method, the gas law method, numerical modeling techniques, and use of capacitive sensors have been employed in the past for accurate determination of the amount of propellant present in a spacecraft. First half of the thesis is concerned with sensitivity analysis of the various propellant gauging techniques, that is, estimating the e ects of the uncertainty in the instruments employed in the propellant gauging system on the onboard propellant estimation. This sensitivity analysis is done for three existing propellant gauging techniques – gas injection method, book-keeping method and the propellant tank heating method. A comparative study of the precision with which the onboard propellant is estimated by the three techniques is done and the primary source of uncertainty for all the three techniques is identified. It is illustrated that all the three methods — the gas injection method, the book-keeping method and the propellant tank heating method — are inherently indirect methods of propellant gauging, as a consequence of which, the precision with which the three techniques estimate the residual propellant decreases towards the end of mission life of the spacecraft. The second half of the thesis explores the possibility of using a new propellant tank configuration, consisting of a truncated cone centrally mounted within a spherical propellant tank, to measure the amount of liquid propellant present within the tank. The liquid propellant present within the propellant tank orients itself in a geometry, by virtue of its dominant surface tension force in zero-g condition, which minimizes its total surface energy. Study reveals that the amount of liquid propellant present in the tank can thus be estimated by measuring the height of the propellant meniscus within the central cone. It is also observed that, unlike gas law metho d, bookkeeping method or the propellant tank heating metho d, where the precision of the estimated propellant fill-fraction decreases towards the end-of-life of the spacecraft, for the proposed new configuration the precision increases.

Estimation of the total mission life of a spacecraft is an important issue for the communication satellite industries. For accurate determination of the remaining mission life of the satellite it is essential to estimate the amount of propellant present in the propellant tank of the spacecraft at various stages of its mission life. Because the annual revenue incurred from a typical commu-nication satellite operating at its full capacity is on the order of millions of dollars, premature removal of spacecraft from their orbits results in heavy losses. Various techniques such as the bookkeeping method, the gas law method, numerical modeling techniques, and use of capacitive sensors have been employed in the past for accurate determination of the amount of propellant present in a spacecraft. First half of the thesis is concerned with sensitivity analysis of the various propellant gauging techniques, that is, estimating the effects of the uncertainty in the instruments employed in the propellant gauging system on the onboard propellant estimation. This sensitivity analysis is done for three existing propellant gauging techniques – gas injection method, book-keeping method and the propellant tank heating method. A comparative study of the precision with which the onboard propellant is estimated by the three techniques is done and the primary source of uncertainty for all the three techniques is identified. It is illustrated that all the three methods — the gas injection method, the book-keeping method and the propellant tank heating method — are inherently indirect methods of propellant gauging, as a consequence of which, the precision with which the three techniques estimate the residual propellant decreases towards the end of mission life of the spacecraft. The second half of the thesis explores the possibility of using a new propellant tank configuration, consisting of a truncated cone centrally mounted within a spherical propellant tank, to measure the amount of liquid propellant present within the tank. The liquid propellant present within the propellant tank orients itself in a geometry, by virtue of its dominant surface tension force in zero-g condition, which minimizes its total surface energy. Study reveals that the amount of liquid propellant present in the tank can thus be estimated by measuring the height of the propellant meniscus within the central cone. It is also observed that, unlike gas law method, bookkeeping method or the propellant tank heating method, where the precision of the estimated propellant fill-fraction decreases towards the end-of-life of the spacecraft, for the proposed new configuration the precision increases.

Darbo tikslas buvo išanalizuoti skirtingai laikomų ir melžiamų karvių pieno sudėties ir kokybės rodiklius. Darbo uždaviniai buvo išanalizuoti tiriamų melžiamų karvių pieno sudėtį ir kokybę, įvertinti ir palyginti skirtingai laikomų ir melžiamų karvių pieno sudėtį, įvertinti ir palyginti skirtingai laikomų ir melžiamų karvių somatinių ląstelių skaičių piene. Tyrimui buvo pasirinktas ūkis, kuriame karvės laikomos dviejose fermose ir gyvuliai buvo laikomi bei melžiami skirtingais būdais. Kontrolinio melžimo metu buvo paimtas pienas tyrimams atlikti. Buvo nustatyti pieno riebalų, baltymų kiekiai, somatinių ląstelių skaičius tiriamajame piene. Duomenys analizuoti skaičiuokle „Excel“. Skaičiuojami statistiniai rodikliai: narių skaičius, aritmetinis vidurkis, aritmetinio vidurkio paklaida, duomenų statistinis patikimumas. Rezultatai laikyti patikimais, kai p<0,05. Nustatyta, jog didesnis pieno baltymingumas proc., riebumas proc., bei somatinių ląstelių skaičius tūkst./ml buvo karvių piene, kurios laikomos pririštos. Tai reiškia, kad šios fermos karvių pieno sudėties rodikliai aukštesni, bet dvigubai didesnis somatinių ląstelių skaičius (kokybės rodiklis) parodo, kad pienas gaunamas ne toks kokybiškas ir ferma turi problemų su karvių sveikatingumu. 8,3 proc. visų palaido laikymo karvių piene, bei 20,2 proc. visų pririšto laikymo būdo karvių piene, somatinių ląstelių skaičius viršijo 500 tūkst./ml. Rugpjūčio mėn. laikant karves palaidu būdu pieno riebumas proc. nustatytas mažiausias... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The main goal of this thesis is to analize milk quality and composition in differently held dairy cows. To achieve this goal, first we analyzed the quality and composition in investigated cows; secondly, we eveluated and compared milk composition in differently held cows; finally, we eveluated and compared the number of somatic cells in differently held dairy cows. For analysis we chose a farm, which was divided into two. In both parts of the farm cows were held and milked differently. During the control milking we collected milk for analysis. We determined the amount of fat, protein and somatic cells in the analyzed milk. The data was analyzed using Excel with which we calculated the number of members, arithmetic average, standart deviation, and reliability. The results were reliable, if p < 0,05. We determined that the greater amount of protein (%), fat (%), the number of somatic cells thousands/ml was in dairy cows that are held tethered. This shows that, in this farm, milk composition is greater, but also the number of somatic cells is twice as big, which means that the milk quality is not good, and that there are health problems in this farm. 8,3 percent all loose cow's milk, and 20,2 percent pegged all manner of storage of cow milk somatic cell count exceeded 500 thousand./ml. In August keeping cows loose manner percent milk fat the lowest of the entire study period. In June and August keeping tethered cows milk protein content by percent was lower than in other... [to full text]

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2008. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.