Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-02-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:01:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_sf_dr_jabo.pdf: 2488552 bytes, checksum: d73363ffa31e0435be147582710b8e53 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Avaliou-se a resposta de diferentes protocolos fisioterapêuticos em cães após a indução de atrofia muscular por meio da imobilização do joelho por 30 dias. Os grupos foram denominados grupo C ou controle, grupo M (massagem e movimentação passiva), grupo E (massagem, movimentação passiva e eletroterapia), grupo H (massagem, movimentação passiva e hidroterapia em esteira aquática) e grupo EH (massagem, movimentação passiva, eletroterapia e hidroterapia em esteira aquática). Foram mensurados, os graus de claudicação, amplitude articular, circunferência da coxa, variação sérica das enzimas creatina-quinase e lactato-desidrogenase, bem como a morfometria muscular das fibras de contração rápida e contração lenta do músculo vasto lateral marcadas pela técnica de imunoistoquímica. Os cães do grupo H apresentaram retorno mais precoce à função do membro pélvico direito, mostrando que a hidroterapia pode ser beneficamente empregada para a recuperação em cães claudicantes. A fisioterapia reduziu a contratura articular. Verificou-se maior recuperação da área transversal das fibras musculares de contração lenta e rápida nos cães submetidos à eletroterapia aos 60 dias de pós-operatório. De acordo com os resultados encontrados, foi possível concluir que as modalidades terapêuticas de massagem, movimentação passiva da articulação, estimulação elétrica neuromuscular e hidroterapia por caminhada em esteira aquática aceleram a recuperação clínica em cães com atrofia muscular induzida / The response to different physiotherapeutic protocols was evaluated in dogs with muscle atrophy induced by a 30-day-long immobilization of the stifle joint. The animals were divided in groups namely: C (control), M (massage and passive range of motion), E (massage, passive range of motion and neuromuscular electrical stimulation), H (massage, passive range of motion and hydrotherapy in underwater treadmill), and EH group (massage, passive range of motion, neuromuscular electrical stimulation and hydrotherapy in underwater treadmill). The degree of lameness, range motion, thigh circumference, range of serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were then evaluated, as well as the morphometry of fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers of the vastus lateralis by immunohistochemistry. Group H dogs regained function of the right hind limb faster than the other groups. This result shows that hydrotherapy helped in the recovery process of lame dogs. Physiotherapy reduced the joint contracture. There was a higher recovery rate of cross-sectional area of slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fibers and thigh circumference in dogs submitted to neuromuscular electrical stimulation at 60 days post-surgery. According to these results, it was possible to conclude that therapeutics modalities such as massage, passive range of motion of the joint, neuromuscular electrical stimulation and hydrotherapy by walking on underwater treadmill accelerate clinical recovery in dogs with induced muscle atrophy

A Facilitação Neuromuscular Proprioceptiva (FNP) é um método de tratamento que combina padrões de movimentos em diagonal e espiral e técnicas de facilitação neuromuscular, com objetivo de melhorar o controle e a função neuromuscular. Este estudo comparou por eletromiografia de superfície (EMGs) e dinamometria a irradiação de força muscular na cintura escapular, após estimulação à distância no hemicorpo contralateral (grupo FNP) e local por Cinesioterapia Clássica (grupo CC). Participaram 113 indivíduos saudáveis. A EMGs dos músculos trapézio superior (TS), trapézio médio (TM), deltoide médio (D) e serrátil anterior (S) foi realizada antes, durante e após os protocolos. A preensão palmar, antes e após os protocolos, foi avaliada por dinamometria. Valores de RMS (Root Mean Square) e dinamometria foram submetidos a ANOVA Two Way e pós-teste de Holm-Sidack, p <0,05. No FNP, as diagonais póstero-depressão (PD) e extensão-abdução-rotação interna (EARI) aumentaram o RMS em relação às demais (F4,1180: 42,53) e os músculos TS, TM e D aumentaram o RMS em relação ao S (F3,1180: 25,73). No CC, remada alta, elevação lateral e elevação frontal do braço aumentaram o RMS em relação à rotação interna e rotação externa (F4,1180: 172,28). Músculos TS, TM e D aumentaram o RMS em relação ao S (F3,1180: 178,32). Contrações máximas iniciais e finais aos protocolos, não modificaram o RMS no CC ou FNP. Porém, TS no CC apresentou aumento inicial e final, em relação ao FNP (F1,888: 8,62). Valores da dinamometria, revelaram maior força inicial e final do membro dominante em relação ao não dominante (F3,444: 4,71), maior força no CC (F3,444: 4,71) e maior força final no CC em relação ao FNP (F3,444: 0,04). Diagonais PD e EARI são mais eficientes para irradiar força nos músculos TS, TM e D. / The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) is a method of treatment that combines diagonal movement patterns and spiral and neuromuscular facilitation techniques, in order to improve the control and neuromuscular function. This study compared by surface electromyography (sEMG) and grip strength irradiation of muscle strength in the shoulder girdle, after stimulation distance in the contralateral hemisphere (FNP group) and local by Kinesiotherapy Classic (CC group). They participated in 113 healthy subjects. The EMGs of the upper trapezius muscles (TS), middle trapezius (TM), middle deltoid (D) and serratus anterior (S) was carried out before, during and after the protocols. Grips with hands before and after the protocol was evaluated by dynamometry. RMS values (Root Mean Square) and grip strength were subjected to Two Way ANOVA and Holm-Sidack post-test, p <0.05. FNP in the posterolateral diagonal depression (PD) and extension-abduction-internal rotation (EAIR) increased RMS in relation to the other (F4,1180: 42.53) and TS muscles, TM and D increased the RMS relative S (F3,1180: 25.73). In DC, upright row, side elevation and front elevation of the arm increased RMS in relation to internal rotation and external rotation (F4,1180: 172.28). TS muscles, TM and D increased the RMS relative to S (F3,1180: 178.32). Initial maximal contractions and final protocols did not change the RMS in DC or PNF. However, the TS initial and final WC was increased, compared to PMF (F1,888: 8.62). Values of grip strength, showed greater initial force and the end of the dominant member in relation to the non-dominant (F3,444: 4.71), the largest force in the CC (F3,444: 4.71) and a higher ultimate strength in DC in relation to FNP (F3,444: 0.04). PD diagonals and EAIR are more efficient to radiate strength in muscles TS, TM and D.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:29:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Kariny.pdf: 885958 bytes, checksum: 4ea7dbc07e95dd1dc97a7c68062a5758 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-21 / Aiming to evaluate the techniques described in the literature to decrease the time of labor birth and the application of techniques of exercise, massage and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on the active phase of labor and intensity of pain in primiparas. The habit of women to keep moving during labor in an upright position (standing, sitting and / or walking) was a practice more common in some cultures. Historically, the postures and the vertical position change and ambulation have been reported to evolve as efficient dilation, relieve pain during contraction and facilitate the descent of the fetus through the birth canal. We conducted a randomized clinical trial, prospective which was attended by 60 women at the beginning of the active phase with 5 cm of cervical dilation, a public hospital in Goiania in the period July 2009 to July 2010. The women were divided into three groups: control (n = 20), exercise (n =20) and electrical stimulation (n = 20), and monitored during the active phase of labor. During this period, data were collected: Template for recording data (age, weight, height and maternal BMI, race, education), visual analog scale pain, and partograph (gestational age, duration of labor, weight and height of the newborn). In the study, comparing the group of exercise with electrical stimulation and control groups there was a significant difference in the time of labor (p = 0.003). However, in relation to pain intensity difference was not statistically significant (p> 0.05). It is concluded according to the literature there is no way to define a specific technique to encourage labor birth and techniques of exercise, electrical stimulation used in the active phase of labor, the motherspromote progression of labor, but not interfere in its intensity pain. / Objetivando avaliar as técnicas descritas na literatura para diminuir o tempo de trabalho de parto e os efeitos da aplicação de técnicas de cinesioterapia, massagem e eletroestimulação nervosa transcutânea sobre a duração da fase ativa do trabalho de parto e a intensidade da dor em primigestas. O hábito da mulher se manter em movimento durante o trabalho de parto em posição vertical (de pé, sentada e/ou andando) era uma das práticas mais comum em algumas culturas. Historicamente, as posturas verticais e a mudança de posição e a deambulação têm sido referidas como eficientes para evoluir a dilatação, aliviar a dor durante a contração e facilitar a descida do feto através do canal do parto. Foi realizado um ensaio clinico randomizado, prospectivo, em que contou com a participação de 60 primíparas no início da fase ativa com 5 cm de dilatação cervical, de uma maternidade pública de Goiânia no período de julho de 2009 a julho de 2010. As gestantes foram divididas em três grupos: controle (n=20), cinesioterapia (n=20) e eletroestimulação (n=20), e monitoradas durante a fase ativa do trabalho de parto. Neste período, coletaram-se dados de: formulário para o registro de dados (idade, peso, estatura e IMC materno, cor, escolaridade), escala analógica visual de dor, e partograma (idade gestacional, tempo de trabalho de parto, peso e estatura do recém-nascido). No estudo, ao comparar o grupo de cinesioterapia com os grupos de eletroestimulação e controle verificou-se uma diferença significativa em relação ao tempo de trabalho de parto (p=0,003). No entanto, em relação a intensidade de dor não houve diferença estatisticamente significante (p> 0,05). Conclui-se segundo a literatura não há como definir uma técnica específica para favorecer o trabalho de parto e as técnicas de cinesioterapia, eletroestimulação utilizadas na fase ativa do trabalho de parto promovem as parturientes progressão do trabalho de parto, mas não interferem na sua intensidade da dor.

Orientadores: Cassio Luis Zanettini Riccetto, Simone Botelho Pereira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T22:43:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_JoseaneMarquesda_M.pdf: 3737633 bytes, checksum: 328be9505c7f0ade2fbe87918aaf01f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Objetivos: Avaliar o efeito da cinesioterapia abdominopélvica na contratilidade dos músculos do assoalho pélvico durante a fase gestacional e puerperal remota, bem como avaliar o comportamento dos músculos transverso do abdômen/oblíquo interno (Tra/OI) e assoalho pélvico (AP), quanto à co-ativação. Sujeitos e métodos: Estudo do tipo ensaio clínico, controlado, prospectivo. A amostra constou de 33 mulheres primigestas com idade média de 22,68 anos dividida em três grupos: Gestantes (G1, n=13); Pós Parto Vaginal (G2, n=10); Pós Parto Cesariana Eletiva (G3, n=10). As avaliações iniciais e finais foram realizadas por uma segunda fisioterapeuta e constaram de: (a) avaliação funcional dos músculos do assoalho pélvico (AFA), por meio da palpação vaginal digital e graduação da contratilidade muscular de zero a cinco graus, segundo escala padronizada por Contreras Ortiz, Coya e Ibañez (1994); (b) avaliação eletromiográfica (EMG) do assoalho pélvico, por meio de probe endovaginal (registro em microvolts - ?V); (c) avaliação eletromiográfica, realizada por meio de eletrodos de superfície, dos músculos abdominais profundos (Tra/OI). O registro eletromiográfico foi realizado simultaneamente, durante os exercícios de contração do AP e exercício abdominal isométrico. O protocolo cinesioterapêutico foi supervisionado pela pesquisadora principal e constou de dez sessões domiciliares, três vezes/semana com duração de sessenta minutos. Os exercícios tiveram início em decúbito dorsal, progredindo para posição sentada e ortostática e utilizou-se a bola suíça como meio facilitatório para o exercício, servindo-se de exercicios abdominopélvicos. Resultados: Houve aumento significativo da contratilidade de ambos os músculos, isoladamente (MAP:<0,0001; Tra/OI:p=0,008), independente do grupo, embora, o grupo de pós parto cesariana eletiva tenha demonstrado maior contratilidade dos músculos Tra/OI (p=0,0003). Ao investigar o comportamento dos MAP e Tra/OI, simultaneamente, no pós-treinamento, observou-se aumento significativo da contratilidade do MAP (p=0,0002), durante as contrações voluntárias máximas do Tra/OI. Conclusão: A cinesioterapia abdominopélvica promove aumento significativo da contratilidade dos músculos do AP e Tra/OI, isoladamente. No entanto, a co-ativação ocorreu em todos os grupos, quando o exercício abdominal isométrico após tratamento / Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate the effect of abdominopelvic kinesiotherapy on the contractility of the pelvic floor muscles during gestation and remote puerperal stages, and to assess the behavior of the transverse of the abdomen / internal oblique (Tra / IO) and pelvic floor muscles, as for the coactivation. Subjects and methods: This is a clinical, controlled and prospective study. The sample consisted of 33 primiparous women (with a mean age of 22.68 years) who were divided into three groups: pregnant women (G1, n = 13); Post Vaginal Delivery (G2, n = 10); After Elective Cesarean Delivery (G3, n = 10). The initial and final evaluations were performed by a second physiotherapist and those consisted of: (a) functional assessment of the pelvic floor muscles (PFM) through vaginal digital palpation and muscle contractility graduation being that graded from zero to five, according to a standardized scale Contreras Ortiz, Coya and Ibañez (1994), (b) electromyographic assessment (EMG) of the pelvic floor by means of endovaginal probe (in microvolts record - uV), (c) electromyographic evaluation performed by means of surface electrodes, of the deep abdominal muscles (Tra / IO). The EMG recording was performed simultaneously during maximum pelvic floor contraction and isometric abdominal exercise. The protocol was supervised by the main physiotherapist investigator and consisted of ten home sessions, three times per week lasting sixty minutes each. The exercises began in the supine position, progressing to sitting and standing, and used the Swiss ball as a facilitator means for exercise, making use of abdominopelvic exercises. Results: There was a significant increase in contractility of both muscles alone (MAP <0.0001; Tra / IO: p = 0.008), regardless of group. However the group of elective cesarean section has demonstrated increased contractility of the muscles Tra / IO (p = 0.0003) after labor. By simultaneously investigating the behavior of the PFM and Tra / IO, in the post-training, there was a significant increase in contractility of MAP (p = 0.0002) during maximal voluntary contractions of the Tra / IO. Conclusion: The Abdominopelvic Kinesiotherapy causes significant increase in contractility of the muscles of the pelvic floor and abdomen alone. However, the co-activation occurred in all groups for the isometric abdominal exercise after treatment / Mestrado / Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica / Mestre em Ciências

Previous studies show the need to find a solution to improve the athlete's recovery and help overcome their sleep disorders. Sleep hygiene is a list of habits and recommendation that enhance sleep quality. Sleep hygiene education has been used in some research to fill the need of the athletes. Still, a lack of information exists on the development of sleep hygiene programs and related impacts. This thesis aims to perform a systematic review of the literature of scholarly journals articles from 2007 to 2018, focusing on the relationship between sleep hygiene education and athletes sleep quality and quantity. The investigation concluded with 16 qualifying articles. A synthesis of recommendations from all studies offered sleep hygiene suggestions for athletes; all the results are provided in table 12. The further overall conclusion of the selected articles settled that sleep hygiene is recommended for athletes, yet the methods and strategies are vague and not precise. A strong recommendation from this systematic literature review is the creation of a standardized list of sleep hygiene habits focused on athletes to improve their sleep quality and quantity.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T14:17:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 simas.pdf: 1840643 bytes, checksum: 95c5a43ded5855449c86bf6bf87f3e58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-12 / The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the physical exercise of climbing stairs in bone and cartilage histomorphometric parameters in rats submitted to a model of osteoporosis and immobilization. 36 Wistar rats were separated into six groups were used: G1, G2 and G3 groups were subjected to pseudo-oophorectomy; and G4, G5 and G6 to oophorectomy. After surgery, all groups remained 60-day rest and the rats G2, G3, G5 and G6 had the right hind limb (MPD) immobilized during 15 days, followed by remobilization same period, being free in the box to G2 and G5, and climb stairs in G3 and G6. At the end of the experiment, the rats were euthanized, their tibias removed bilaterally and submitted to histological routine. Morphometric analysis showed that there was a statistically significant decrease in area (p = 0.0178) and cortical thickness (p = 0.0024), thickness of articular cartilage (p = 0.0138) and epiphyseal plate were made (p = 0.0187), and the number of osteocytes (p <0.0001) and chondrocytes (p = 0.0006) as well as significant increase in the medullary canal (p = 0.0384) in immobilized limbs of ovariectomized rats. However, the stair climbing exercise was able to reverse the loss of bone cortex (area (F (5; 29) = 6.24, p = 0.0007) and thickness (F (5; 29) = 4.11 p = 0.0062)), cartilage (articular cartilage thickness (F (5; 29) = 13.88, p <0.0001) and epiphyseal plate (F (5; 29) = 14.72, p <0.0001)) and cellular (osteocytes (F (5; 29) = 14.55, p <0.0001) and chondrocytes (F (5; 29) = 10.16, p <0.0001)) resulting of oophorectomy associated with immobilization. It was also observed a significant decrease in trabecular thickness and area in the members subjected to immobilization, however, both as the free remobilization and climb stairs were able to recover from this loss. Morphological analysis of tibia articular cartilage, no changes in cell structure or organization of the rats not subjected to immobilization (G1 and G4) were verified by observing only considerable decrease in the thickness and number of chondrocytes in G4 (oophorectomized group) . In female rats that were free remobilization (G2 and G5), it was observed degeneration regions of articular cartilage with subchondral bone exposure, loss of cellular organization, discontinuity of tidemark, the presence of fissures and flocculation, as well as decreased number of chondrocytes. On the other hand, G2 female rats (pseudo-oophorectomized group, immobilized and free remobilization) showed some regions of granulation tissue (pannus). In rats subjected to exercise climb stairs (G3 and G6), there were repair signs of cartilaginous structures, the presence of clones and pannus. In G6 (oophorectomized group, remobilization and immobilized ladder), although it was observed subcortical invasion of blood vessels in the calcified zone, and increasing the amount of isogenous groups and the thickness of the calcified zone. From the results obtained in this study, it can be concluded that climbing stairs exercise was effective in the recovery process of bone and cartilage tissue damaged by immobilization on osteoporosis model by ovariectomy in rats. / O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos do exercício físico de subida em escada sobre parâmetros histomorfométricos ósseos e cartilaginosos de ratas submetidas à um modelo de osteoporose e imobilização. Foram utilizadas 36 ratas Wistar separadas em seis grupos: G1, G2 e G3 submetidas à pseudo-ooforectomia; e G4, G5 e G6 à ooforectomia. Após a cirurgia, permaneceram 60 dias em repouso e as ratas de G2, G3, G5 e G6 tiveram o membro posterior direito (MPD) imobilizado por 15 dias, seguido pelo mesmo período em remobilização, sendo livres na caixa para G2 e G5, e de subida em escada para G3 e G6. Ao final do experimento, as ratas foram eutanasiadas, suas tíbias retiradas bilateralmente e submetidas à rotina histológica. Foram realizadas análises morfométricas, nas quais observou-se que houve diminuição estatisticamente significativa de área (p= 0,0178) e espessura cortical (p= 0,0024), espessura da cartilagem articular (p= 0,0138) e da placa epifisária (p= 0,0187), e do número de osteócitos (p < 0,0001) e condrócitos (p= 0,0006), como também aumento significativo do canal medular (p= 0,0384), em membros imobilizados de ratas ooforectomizadas. No entanto, o exercício de subida em escada foi capaz de reverter a perda óssea cortical (área (F (5;29) = 6,24; p= 0,0007) e espessura (F(5;29)=4,11; p= 0,0062)), cartilaginosa (espessura da cartilagem articular (F(5;29)=13,88; p<0,0001) e da placa epifisária (F(5;29)=14,72; p<0,0001)) e celular (osteócitos (F(5;29)=14,55; p<0,0001) e condrócitos (F(5;29)=10,16; p<0,0001)) decorrente da ooforectomia associada à imobilização. Observou-se também diminuição significativa de área e espessura trabecular nos membros submetidos à imobilização, contudo, tanto a remobilização livre como em escada foram capazes de recuperar essa perda. Nas análises morfológicas da cartilagem articular da tíbia, não foram verificadas mudanças de estrutura nem de organização celular das ratas não submetidas à imobilização (G1 e G4), observando-se apenas considerável diminuição na espessura e no número de condrócitos em G4 (grupo ooforectomizado). Nas ratas que ficaram em remobilização livre (G2 e G5), visualizou-se regiões de degeneração da cartilagem articular com exposição de osso subcondral, perda da organização celular, descontinuidade da tidemark, presença de fissuras e floculações, como também diminuição do número de condrócitos. No entanto em G2 (grupo pseudo-ooforectomizado, imobilizado e remobilização livre) algumas regiões apresentavam tecido de granulação (pannus). Nas ratas submetidas ao exercício de subida em escada (G3 e G6), havia sinais de reparação das estruturas cartilaginosas, com presença de clones e pannus. Em G6 (grupo ooforectomizado, imobilizado e remobilização em escada), observou-se ainda invasão de vasos sanguíneos subcorticais na zona calcificada, além de aumento da quantidade de grupos isógenos e da espessura da zona calcificada. A partir dos resultados obtidos neste estudo, pode-se concluir que o exercício de subida em escada mostrou-se efetivo no processo de recuperação dos tecidos ósseo e cartilaginoso danificados pela imobilização, em modelo de osteoporose por ooforectomia em ratas.

Various models of simulated weightlessness and resulting cardiovascular effects have been researched in the last 50 years of space exploration. Examples of such models are the Alter-G (Alt-G) treadmill used for body unweighting and head-up-tilt (HUT) model each providing similar cardiovascular effects, but differing in their stimulation of vestibular centers . Advantages of using the Alt-G include: use of lower body positive pressure (LBPP) to simulate hypogravity, it acts as a countermeasure to alleviate negative cardiovascular effects of standing and provides a constant vestibular stimulus. In addition, the Alt-G shorts themselves may be providing a certain degree of LBPP, acting as a compression garment. Therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the cardiovascular effects of Alt-G shorts and how effective they are as countermeasure to deconditioning effects of space flight. This study tested cardiovascular changes in 12 men and women at 0 and 80 degrees head-up-tilt (HUT0 / HUT80) with and without Alt-G shorts using 5-lead ECG, 10-lead impedance, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements at finger and arm. The tilt-induced increase in mean heart rate (HR) was significantly smaller when subjects wore the Alt-G shorts. Shorts ended up reducing HR by 2.3 bpm in supine control and by 6.7 bpm at HUT80 (p0.05. Other cardiovascular variables did not show any significant effect from shorts. In conclusion, this study was in line with results from other studies that used compression garments to determine cardiovascular effects of LBPP.

Resumo: Avaliou-se a resposta de diferentes protocolos fisioterapêuticos em cães após a indução de atrofia muscular por meio da imobilização do joelho por 30 dias. Os grupos foram denominados grupo C ou controle, grupo M (massagem e movimentação passiva), grupo E (massagem, movimentação passiva e eletroterapia), grupo H (massagem, movimentação passiva e hidroterapia em esteira aquática) e grupo EH (massagem, movimentação passiva, eletroterapia e hidroterapia em esteira aquática). Foram mensurados, os graus de claudicação, amplitude articular, circunferência da coxa, variação sérica das enzimas creatina-quinase e lactato-desidrogenase, bem como a morfometria muscular das fibras de contração rápida e contração lenta do músculo vasto lateral marcadas pela técnica de imunoistoquímica. Os cães do grupo H apresentaram retorno mais precoce à função do membro pélvico direito, mostrando que a hidroterapia pode ser beneficamente empregada para a recuperação em cães claudicantes. A fisioterapia reduziu a contratura articular. Verificou-se maior recuperação da área transversal das fibras musculares de contração lenta e rápida nos cães submetidos à eletroterapia aos 60 dias de pós-operatório. De acordo com os resultados encontrados, foi possível concluir que as modalidades terapêuticas de massagem, movimentação passiva da articulação, estimulação elétrica neuromuscular e hidroterapia por caminhada em esteira aquática aceleram a recuperação clínica em cães com atrofia muscular induzida / Abstract: The response to different physiotherapeutic protocols was evaluated in dogs with muscle atrophy induced by a 30-day-long immobilization of the stifle joint. The animals were divided in groups namely: C (control), M (massage and passive range of motion), E (massage, passive range of motion and neuromuscular electrical stimulation), H (massage, passive range of motion and hydrotherapy in underwater treadmill), and EH group (massage, passive range of motion, neuromuscular electrical stimulation and hydrotherapy in underwater treadmill). The degree of lameness, range motion, thigh circumference, range of serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were then evaluated, as well as the morphometry of fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers of the vastus lateralis by immunohistochemistry. Group H dogs regained function of the right hind limb faster than the other groups. This result shows that hydrotherapy helped in the recovery process of lame dogs. Physiotherapy reduced the joint contracture. There was a higher recovery rate of cross-sectional area of slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fibers and thigh circumference in dogs submitted to neuromuscular electrical stimulation at 60 days post-surgery. According to these results, it was possible to conclude that therapeutics modalities such as massage, passive range of motion of the joint, neuromuscular electrical stimulation and hydrotherapy by walking on underwater treadmill accelerate clinical recovery in dogs with induced muscle atrophy / Orientador: João Guilherme Padilha Filho / Coorientador: Vera Maria Villamil Martins / Banca: André Luís Selmi / Banca: Marcelo Meller Alievi / Banca: Paola Castro Moraes / Banca: Renée Laufer Amorim / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElianeMS_DISSERT.pdf: 1308169 bytes, checksum: b8d50e23c9e0ac50c9a3012fb88a87b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-20 / Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Norte / The Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the axial skeleton, leading to limitation of spine mobility and functional disability. Physical therapy, especially exercise, is an important part in your treatment. The Global Postural Reeducation(GPR),a method that uses stretching based on evaluation of muscular chains, with significant interference in postural changes may be a complementary alternative for the treatment of this disease. The aim was to evaluate the effects of Global Postural Reeducation (GPR) in patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) and compare GPR with group conventional segmental self-stretching and breathing exercises. This is a controlled interventional study of 38 patients divided into 2 groups: a GPR group (n = 22) and a control group (n = 16). Both groups were treated over four months. With the GPR group patients, positions that stretched the shortened muscle chains were used. With the control group patients, conventional segmental self-stretching and breathing exercises were performed. The variables analyzed were: pain intensity, morning stiffness, spine mobility, chest expansion, functional capacity (Health Assessment Questionnaire - Spondyloarthropathies - HAQ-S), quality of life (Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 Healthy Survey-SF-36), and disease activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index - BASDAI). Statistical analysis was used with a significance level of p < 0.05. There was a statistically significant difference for all the parameters analyzed between pre and post-treatment in both groups. In the inter-group comparison the GPR group showed a statistically significant improvement in morning stiffness (p = 0.01), spine mobility parameters, except finger-floor distance (p = 0.11), in chest expansion (p = 0.02), and in the physical aspect component of the SF-36 (p = 0.00).Finally, we observed that this sample of patients with AS ,treatment with RPG 60 seems to have a better response in some clinical measures, than the conventional self stretching performed in groups. Further studies are needed to further evaluate this therapeutic alternative in the EA / A Espondilite Anquilosante (EA) ? uma doen?a inflamat?ria cr?nica que acomete principalmente o esqueleto axial, levando ? limita??o da mobilidade da coluna e incapacidade funcional. A fisioterapia, particularmente a cinesioterapia, ? parte importante no seu tratamento. A Reeduca??o Postural Global (RPG), um m?todo que utiliza alongamento baseado em avalia??o de cadeias musculares, com interfer?ncia importante nas altera??es posturais, poder? ser uma alternativa complementar no tratamento dessa doen?a. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da RPG individual em pacientes com EA e comparar com um programa de auto alongamento convencional e exerc?cios respirat?rios, feitos em grupo. Trata-se de um estudo intervencional controlado, totalizando 38 pacientes com EA, divididos em dois grupos, tratados durante quatro meses: o grupo RPG (n=22) e o grupo controle (n=16). O grupo RPG realizou posturas de alongamento das cadeias musculares e o grupo controle realizou auto- alongamento convencional e exerc?cios respirat?rios em grupo. As vari?veis analisadas foram: intensidade da dor, dura??o da rigidez matinal, mobilidade da coluna, expansibilidade tor?cica, atividade da doen?a (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity ?ndex-BASDAI), capacidade funcional (Health Assessment Questionnaire- Spondyloarthropathies-HAQ-S) e qualidade de vida (Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 Healthy Survey-SF-36). Para a an?lise dos dados foi utilizada um n?vel de signific?ncia de p < 0.05. Os resultados mostraram que houve uma diferen?a estatisticamente significante, em todos os par?metros analisados, em ambos os grupos entre o pr? e p?s- tratamento. xiv Em compara??o ao grupo controle, o grupo RPG mostrou melhora estatisticamente significante na rigidez matinal (p=0.01), nos par?metros da mobilidade da coluna (exceto dist?ncia dedo-ch?o (p=0.11)), na expansibilidade tor?cica (p=0.02) e no componente Aspecto F?sico do SF-36 (p=0.00). Ao final, observamos que, nesta amostra de pacientes com EA, o tratamento com RPG parece ter uma resposta melhor em algumas medidas cl?nicas, do que o auto- alongamento convencional, realizado em grupo. Outros estudos s?o necess?rios para melhor avaliar esta alternativa terap?utica na EA

Low back pain in collegiate athletes has been reported at a rate of 37% from a wide array of sports including soccer, volleyball, football, swimming, and baseball. Whereas, in a military population the prevalence of low back pain is 70% higher than the general population. Compensatory movement strategies are often used as an attempt to reduce pain. Though compensatory movement strategies may effectively reduce pain, they are often associated with altered lower extremity loading patterns. Those who suffer from chronic low back pain tend to walk and run slower and with less trunk and pelvis coordination and variability. Individuals with low back pain also tend to run with more stiffness in their knees. Moving with less joint coordination and more stiffness are potential compensatory movement patterns acting as a guarding mechanism for pain. Overall the purpose of this project was to determine how chronic low back pain influences lower extremity biomechanics and shock attenuation in active individuals compared to healthy individuals and examine how the altered lower extremity biomechanics are related to clinical outcome measures. We hypothesized that individuals who present with chronic low back pain are more likely to exhibit higher vertical ground reaction forces and less knee flexion excursion during landing, compared to healthy individuals. We also hypothesized that individuals with chronic low back pain will have a reduced ability to attenuate shock during landing compared to the healthy individuals. This study was a case control design in which physically active individuals suffering from chronic low back pain were matched to healthy controls. All participants reported for one testing session to assess self-perceived knee function in the form of the Knee Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS), lower extremity strength and mechanics during three landing tasks. Isometric strength was assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer during hip abduction, hip extension, and knee extension. The landing tasks included a drop vertical jump, a single leg hop, and a crossover hop. A three-dimensional motion analysis system with two in-ground force plates and four inertial measurement units were used to assess lower extremity mechanics during the landing tasks. Individuals with low back pain presented with reduced KOOS scores compared to healthy individuals in four of the five subscales, including Symptoms (p=0.007), Pain (p=0.002), Activities of Daily Living (p=0.021), and Quality of Life (p=0.003). Alternatively, while there were some strength, kinematic, and kinetic between limb asymmetries noted in the low back pain group, there were not between group differences with the healthy individuals. In the low back pain group, individuals presented with greater dominant limb knee extension strength (p=0.039) and greater dominant limb ankle plantarflexion at initial contact during the drop vertical jump, compared to the non-dominant limb (p=0.022). Individuals with low back pain also presented with greater non-dominant limb tibia impact during the single limb hop (p=0.008). While we did not identify any mechanical differences between individuals suffering from chronic low back pain and those who do not, we did identify that an active population suffering from low back pain does present with decreased self-perceived knee function compared to active individuals without low back pain. As these groups biomechanically perform similarly, they do not clinically perform the same, specifically, in terms of the KOOS. Such differences should not be overlooked when treating active populations with low back pain. If this population is presenting with altered self-perceived knee function at a young age, it is likely that it will continue to decline and negatively affect their function.