Das Paper beschreibt das Konzept des im EU Kooperationsprogramm INTERREG Polen-Sachsen 2014–2020 geförderten Projekts „TRAILS – Traveling Innovation Labs and Services“ und stellt erste Ergebnisse der explorativen Analyse vor. TRAILS bringt mobile Innovationslabore direkt zu Schulen sowie Unternehmen an Standorte in der deutsch-polnischen Grenzregion und ist dort jeweils für eine Woche stationiert. In den Innovationslaboren kommen Schüler in eintägigen Workshops mit Unternehmertum in Berührung, kreieren eigene Projektideen und testen neue Technologien. Mitarbeiter von KMU trainieren Methoden, um neue Produkte und Services zu entwickeln und Prozesse zu optimieren. Ziel ist es, Formate wie Business Modeling, Makerspaces und Hackathons samt benötigten Räumlichkeiten, Technologien und Workshop-Programmen in strukturschwachen Regionen vor Ort anzubieten und für die digitale Transformation sowie neue Geschäfts- und Vermarktungsmodelle zu sensibilisieren.

No mundo pÃs-moderno que à influenciado constantemente pela tecnologia, a educaÃÃo e consequentemente o processo de ensino e aprendizagem invariavelmente sofrerà mudanÃas. Logo, torna-se necessÃrio a concepÃÃo de estratÃgias didÃticas alternativas, procurando-se estabelecer vinculaÃÃes entre o uso pedagÃgico do computador e o laboratÃrio de prÃticas cientÃficas, como ferramentas de apoio pedagÃgico ao desenvolvimento do processo de ensino e aprendizagem. A presente pesquisa focou-se na concepÃÃo de estratÃgias de ensino e aprendizagem atravÃs da realizaÃÃo de sessÃes didÃticas de QuÃmica mediada pelo computador e pela experimentaÃÃo. Tal articulaÃÃo se deu atravÃs da uniÃo pedagÃgica dos laboratÃrios de experimentaÃÃo cientÃfica e de informÃtica com o objetivo de facilitar, aos alunos do 2Âano do ensino mÃdio, a aprendizagem de conhecimentos de FÃsico-QuÃmica, especificamente a pilha de Daniel. Tal pesquisa ancorou-se na proposta construcionista de Valente e no advento das tecnologias digitais que oportunizou a aprendizagem mediada pelo computador, proposto por Pierre Levy. Realizou-se a construÃÃo de um software educativo multimÃdia com o fim de simular a prÃtica experimental da pilha de Daniel, enaltecendo-se a construÃÃo colaborativa de conhecimentos, competÃncias e habilidades. Tais aÃÃes foram realizadas com a participaÃÃo de quatorze alunos do 2 ano do ensino mÃdio de uma escola pÃblica do municÃpio do EusÃbio no CearÃ, concebidas em seis etapas: construÃÃo de um software, aula teÃrica-tradicional, aula prÃtica-virtual mediada pelo computador, avaliaÃÃo do software, prÃtica-experimental e teste avaliativo. A abordagem metodolÃgica da pesquisa foi do tipo quali-quantitativa e se caracterizou como pesquisa descritiva. Os dados obtidos por meio dos questionÃrios, e as observaÃÃes permitiram analisar e concluir haver indÃcios de: desenvolvimento da motivaÃÃo, capacidade criativa e apropriaÃÃo do conteÃdo. O experimento da produÃÃo da pilha de Daniel na etapa prÃtica-experimental foi uma maneira de trabalhar de forma mais clara, dinÃmica, colaborativa a ressignificaÃÃo e construÃÃo de conhecimentos. O uso pedagÃgico do software educacional multimÃdia desenvolvido possibilitou aos alunos uma compreensÃo mais eficiente de conceitos, representaÃÃes e fenÃmenos, alÃm de tornar a aprendizagem do conteÃdo pilha de Daniel mais dinÃmica, motivadora e curiosa. / In the postmodern world that is constantly influenced by technology, education and consequently the process of teaching and learning invariably suffer changes. Therefore, it is necessary to design alternative teaching strategies, seeking to establish links between the pedagogical use of computer and laboratory scientific practices as tools for pedagogical support to the development of the teaching and learning process. This research focused on the design of teaching and learning strategies by conducting educational sessions of computer-mediated chemistry and experimentation. Such coordination was made through the educational union of scientific experimentation laboratories and computer in order to facilitate the students of the high school 2nd Year, learning of Physical Chemistry of knowledge, specifically the stack of Daniel. Such research was anchored in constructionist proposal for Valente and the advent of digital technologies that provided an opportunity to learn computer-mediated, proposed by Pierre Levy. There was the construction of a multimedia educational software in order to simulate the experimental practice of Daniel's cell, praising up the collaborative construction of knowledge, skills and abilities. Such actions were carried out with the participation of fourteen students of the 2nd year of high school from a public school of Eusebius the city in CearÃ, designed in six steps: building a software, theoretical-traditional classroom, practice-virtual classroom computer-mediated, software evaluation, experimental and practice-evaluation test. The methodological approach of the research was the qualitative and quantitative type, and was characterized as descriptive research. The data obtained through questionnaires, and observations allowed us to analyze and conclude there is evidence of: development of motivation, creativity and appropriation of content. The experiment of Daniel's cell production in practice and experimental step was a way to work more clearly, dynamic, collaborative and reframing the construction of knowledge. The pedagogical use of multimedia educational software developed allowed students a more efficient understanding of concepts, representations and phenomena, and make learning the Daniel cell content more dynamic, motivating and curious.

A presente dissertação apresenta um estudo experimental e de simulação de fluxo de água investigando os efeitos de chuvas torrenciais sobre o solo existente em um talude da região de São Vendelino. Para este estudo foi selecionada uma encosta na qual houve duas ocorrências de rupturas rasas que deram origem a corridas de detritos num evento importante que ocorreu no local em dezembro de 2000. Ao longo da cicatriz deixada por uma delas, foram realizados ensaios de caracterização e determinadas as propriedades hidráulicas do solo a partir de ensaios de campo e de laboratório. Os ensaios de campo compreenderam ensaios com o permeâmetro de Guelph, ensaios com piezômetros de tubo aberto e infiltrômetro de anel duplo. Em laboratório foram realizados ensaios utilizando dois diferentes permeâmetros de parede flexível. Foi feita também a determinação da curva característica do solo através do método do papel-filtro. A partir das propriedades hidráulicas do solo, da geometria do talude e espessura dos materiais, obtidas a partir de topografia, foram realizadas análises de fluxo utilizando o programa Seep/W simulando a precipitação medida de 148 mm/2 h que deflagrou as corridas de detritos de dezembro de 2000. As análises mostraram que, como o solo coluvionar tem uma condutividade hidráulica bastante elevada, ocorre a infiltração de toda a chuva ocorrida. As análises de fluxo mostraram uma elevação progressiva do nível freático com o tempo, o qual atinge a superfície do terreno no trecho crítico do talude (trecho de maior inclinação) após cerca de 95 minutos de precipitação. Análises de estabilidade simplificadas (talude infinito) mostram fatores de segurança próximos da unidade com o nível freático em 80% da camada de solo coluvionar, considerando o trecho mais íngreme do talude. Embora com algumas simplificações de análise, estes resultados mostram que as análises de fluxo e de ruptura, utilizando dados reais medidos em campo, são muito promissores pois conseguem modelar de forma adequada a ruptura ocorrida (FS=1,0). / This dissertation presents an experimental study and a simulation of hydraulic flow in a slope at São Vendelino region, to investigate the effects of torrential rains on the existing soil. A natural slope was selected in which two shallow slope failures had occurred in December 2000 during a serious debris flow event. Soil characterization tests and hydraulic properties have been determined in the laboratory on soil samples taken close to one of the scars left by the failures. The field tests involved Guelph permeameter, stand pipe piezometers and doublering infiltrometer tests. Tests on two different flexible wall permeameter tests and the determination of the moisture-suction characteristic curve have also been carried out in the laboratory. Using the measured soil hydraulic properties, the slope geometry and soil covering depths obtained through topography, some hydraulic flow analyses have been carried out. The SEEP/W software was used and the measured precipitation of 148mm/ 2h, which caused the debris flow event of December 2000, was simulated. The analyses have shown that all the precipitation can infiltrate, as the soil has a large hydraulic conductivity, and there is a progressive rising of the phreatic line with time. This level of water reaches the soil surface in the critical length of the slope (the length with the larger inclination) after 95 min of rain. Simplified slope stability analysis (infinite slopes) had shown values of safety factors close to one in the critical length of the slope when the phreatic line is at 80% depth of the colluvium soil. Although there are some simplifications in the analysis, these results show that the flow and the stability analyses using the real data collected from field tests modeled in an appropriate way the real failure (FS~1,0).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:51:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2778_1.pdf: 2467213 bytes, checksum: 266474e44dd114081ad37ccb2d4e5ff1 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Estímulos atuantes durante períodos fetal e neonatal desencadeiam modificações fisiológicas e metabólicas permanentes no indivíduo, fenômeno bastante estudado em Nutrição através de manipulação nutricional. Para pesquisa de alterações biomoleculares, o soro sanguíneo é fonte potencial de biomarcadores protéicos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da desnutrição protéica neonatal sobre o perfil proteômico do soro sanguíneo de ratos adultos. Foram utilizados 8 ratos Wistar, machos, adultos, que foram divididos em 2 grupos, de acordo com a dieta disponibilizada do 1º ao 21º dia de vida (período de lactação): grupo nutrido (GN), formado por filhotes cujas mães receberam dieta com 17 % de caseína e grupo desnutrido (GD), no qual as mães alimentaram-se de dieta com 8 % de caseína. No período de reposição nutricional, a partir do desmame (22º dia), os filhotes passaram a receber dieta padrão normoprotéica. Os animais foram pesados diariamente durante aleitamento e, posteriormente, em dias alternados. Na idade adulta, a partir do 90º dia de vida, os animais foram anestesiados e submetidos à punção cardíaca para coleta de sangue (4mL). Após coagulação, este foi centrifugado, a camada de soro coletada e acondicionada a -20ºC. Alíquotas foram inicialmente diluídas (1:10) para análise eletroforética monodimensional pela tecnologia lab-on-a-chip, utilizando os kits Agilent Protein 80 e 230. Para análise bidimensional, proteínas presentes em 50 &#956;L de soro foram precipitadas em acetona, ressolubilizadas em solução (200 &#956;L) contendo uréia (7 M), tiouréia (2 M) e CHAPS (2 %), sendo 100 &#956;L da solução de proteínas reservados para 1ª dimensão (fitas de 13 cm, pH 3-10). A 2ª dimensão foi realizada em géis de poliacrilamida (10 %) que foram corados com Azul de Coomassie. Os spots detectados foram analisados em software específico. Para análise dos dados, utilizaram-se os testes t-Student e Mann-Whitney, considerando-se p&#8804;0,05. Animais GD apresentaram valores de peso corporal menores do que GN a partir do 5º dia de vida (GN: 12,55±3,35g e GD: 10,41±2,03g, p=0,0262), condição que permaneceu até o 90º dia (p<0,0007). Além disso, na idade adulta, apresentaram menor quantidade de faixas de pesos moleculares detectadas e aumento de concentração de proteínas de peso 32,92 a 32,34 kDa (GN: 6,3 ng/&#956;L e GD: 7,45 ng/&#956;L, p=0,041) no perfil monodimensional. Na análise bidimensional, observaram-se alterações aparentes nos tipos e intensidade de alguns spots. A desnutrição protéica neonatal ocasionou déficit permanente de peso corporal até 90º dia de vida e, no animal adulto, provocou modificações nos perfis proteômicos das amostras de soro analisadas. Em decorrência da administração de uma dieta hipoprotéica durante período crítico de desenvolvimento, modificações no proteoma podem ser correlacionadas a alterações metabólicas que, potencialmente, estejam associadas ao desenvolvimento de patologias no indivíduo adulto

Cell encapsulation is a promising concept in regenerative medicine and stem cell treatment of diseases. Cells encapsulated in hydrogels have shown to yield better therapeutic outcome over cells in suspension. Microfluidic platforms have facilitated the process of cell encapsulation through the controlled mixing of aqueous cell solution and hydrogel with an immiscible liquid to yield a monodispersed population of microcapsules at a high throughput. However, given that the microfluidic process of placing cells in microcapsules is completely random, yielded samples are often riddled with empty microcapsules, raising the need for a post-encapsulation purification step to sort empty microcapsules from cell-laden ones. Sorting of microcapsules can be achieved through several techniques, most desirable of which are electrokinetic such as dielectrophoresis (DEP) and electrophoresis (EP). The advantages of DEP and EP techniques are that they support label-free sorting and yield a high throughput. However to achieve true effective DEP or EP sorting, there is a need to understand how empty microcapsules react to these electrokinetic forces versus occupied microcapsules. This study developed microfluidic devices for characterising the electrokinetic effects on microcapsules using DEP and EP. Results of both characterization techniques showed notable differences in the response of empty microcapsules versus cell-laden ones, reinforcing their potentials for sorting. Furthermore, this study proposed designs for microcapsules sorting devices that leverage EP and DEP.

This thesis describes the function and construction of a modular event detector system. Event detectors are used for solder joint reliability testing using electronic monitoring for short duration resistance changes during accelerated ageing and temperature cycling. Collected data is mainly used to study solder joints long-term properties. The system has three different monitoring functions: transient resistance detection, statistics process monitoring and periodic monitoring. In its present performance a total number of 384 channels can be monitored continuously. However the system can be expanded in steps of 96 channels, limited only by the capacity of the computers PCI-bus. The system is built around a PC equipped with the LabVIEW 6.1 programming environment and data acquisition cards from National Instruments. The circuit boards to be monitored are connected via adapter electronics. In the case of the superior electronic-kits project, four groups of 24 circuit boards are connected to the adapter electronics. To minimise the influence of environmental noise shielded and, where possible, twined cables are used.

Des phénomènes de fluidisation de billes magnétiques apparaissent à l'échelle micrométrique au sein du système de lit fluidisé microfluidique. On obtient un fonctionnement en flux continu à basse pression de travail avec un étroit contact liquide/solide et une recirculation constante des billes, des caractéristiques avantageuses pour des applications dédiées à la pré-concentration de cibles biologiques. La caractérisation du système physique a montré l'influence de paramètres tels que la géométrie de la chambre ou la distribution du champ magnétique, leur optimisation étant nécessaire pour obtenir des phénomènes de fluidisation à cette échelle et améliorer le mélange et la distribution des billes. De plus, le potentiel du lit fluidisé comme plateforme pour des bio-essais analytiques a été exploré avec succès lors d'applications biologiques: 1) la pré-concentration de bio-markers de la maladie d'Alzheimer et leur marquage in situ pour un future couplage avec des techniques de détection sensibles; 2) la détection de bactéries sans besoin de marquage préalable à travers une immuno-capture suivie d'une culture donnant lieu à des changements physiques du support fluidisé; 3) l'extraction d'ADN contenant un gène cible et son ultérieur amplification enzymatique sur la surface des billes, suivie d'une détection multiplexée des mutations présentes par un système de microarray. Ainsi, le lit fluidisé magnétique rend possible des applications au de-là d'un simple système de pré-concentration, permettant son utilisation comme une plateforme efficace de biologie moléculaire allant jusqu'à l'utilisation des propriétés autorégulatrices inhérentes au système comme mécanisme de détection. / With the use of an external magnetic field and magnetic microbeads, the microfluidic magnetic fluidized bed system enables fluidization phenomena at the microscale. This results in flow-through operations at low driving pressures with intimate liquid/solid contact and a continuous beads recirculation, interesting for efficient biological target preconcentration applications. The physical system has been characterized, showing the importance of chamber angle of aperture and height confinement as well as magnetic field distribution parameters, to obtain fluidization and further enhance mixing and maximize beads density. Further, the potential of the fluidized bed as a platform for analytical bioassays has been successfully explored with a series of biologically relevant applications: (1) the preconcentration of rare Alzheimer’s biomarkers together with their in situ fluorescence labeling for future enhanced detection with hyphenated techniques; (2) the label-free sensitive detection of bacteria in liquid food samples through the specific immunocapture and on-chip culture of these microorganisms and the resulting physical changes induced in the fluidized support; (3) the gene-specific extraction of DNA and its subsequent enzymatic amplification on the surface of the beads, coupled to a microarray detection system for a multiplexed detection of cancer-inducing mutations. These results show that the applications of the magnetic fluidized bed go beyond its initial conception as a dynamical affinity-based concentrator, serving as an efficient platform for molecular biology protocols and even making use of its inherent auto-regulating properties as a detection mechanism.

Les maladies infectieuses posent un problème majeur de santé publique à travers le monde. En effet, les maladies infectieuses étaient la cause en 2004 de près de 15 millions de décès, que ce soit pour des pathogènes émergents, des pathogènes connus de l’homme depuis de nombreuses années ou encore des pathogènes ré-émergents (Estimation 2004 de l’OMS). Ce nombre a diminué. Cette évolution à la baisse touche la plupart des maladies infectieuses, mais une augmentation reste du domaine du possible comme l’a démontré la récente épidémie d’Ebola. Pour lutter contre ces maladies infectieuses, de nombreux outils de surveillance épidémiologique ont vu le jour à travers le monde. Ces systèmes ont pour but de détecter et d’identifier le plus précocement possible des évènements épidémiques favorisant l’alerte auprès des autorités compétentes et la mise en place de contre-mesures. L’objectif de notre travail a été de construire et de développer un système de surveillance épidémiologique à partir des données de laboratoire de microbiologie de la région Provence-Alpes Côte d’Azur (PACA). Ce système doit nous permettre d’identifier de possibles évènements anormaux de façon hebdomadaire à partir des données des différents laboratoires participants. Le système de surveillance nous a par la suite permis de déclarer plusieurs alertes auprès de l’Agence Régionale de Santé (ARS) PACA, de valoriser notre travail par des publications et enfin de valoriser le travail des laboratoires en leur transmettant une rétro-information contenant les principales alarmes de la semaine. / Infectious diseases are a major public health problem worldwide. Indeed, infectious diseases were the cause in 2004 to nearly 15 million deaths, whether for emerging pathogens, pathogens known to man for many years or even re-emerging pathogens (2004 Estimation of WHO). It has fallen since we moved, for example, 1.27 million cases of malaria in 2004 to 854,600 in 2013. This downward trend affecting most infectious diseases, but an increase is still the realm of possibility as the demonstrated by the recent outbreak of Ebola.To fight against these infectious diseases, many epidemiological surveillance tools have emerged worldwide. These systems are designed to detect and identify as early as possible of possible epidemic events to promote the warning to the competent authorities and the establishment of counter-measures. The objective of our work was to build and develop an epidemiological surveillance system from the microbiology laboratory data of the Provence-Alpes Côte d'Azur (PACA). This system should enable us to identify possible abnormal events weekly data from the different participating laboratories. The monitoring system has enabled us later to declare several warnings from the Regional Health Agency (ARS) PACA, enhance our work through publications and finally to promote the work of laboratories by providing them a feedback containing the main alarms of the week.The development and automation of the system through the creation of an IT platform developed within the Mediterranean Institute University Hospital Infection (IHU) and by increasing the number of participants and the extension of this system to other regions in France or other countries.

The GlueX experiment aims to study meson photoproduction while utilizing the coherent bremsstrahlung technique to produce a 9 GeV linearly polarized photon beam incident on a liquid $\mathrm{H_{2}}$ target. A Start Counter detector was fabricated to properly identify the accelerator electron beam buckets and to provide accurate timing information. The Start Counter detector was designed to operate at photon intensities of up to $\mathrm{10^{8}\gamma/s}$ in the coherent peak and provides a timing resolution $\mathrm{\sim 300\ ps}$ so as to provide successful identification of the electron beam buckets to within 99\% accuracy. Furthermore, the Start Counter detector provides excellent solid angle coverage, $\sim 90 \%\ \mathrm{of}\ 4 \pi\ \mathrm{hermeticity}$, and a high degree of segmentation for background rejection. It consists of a cylindrical array of 30 scintillators with pointed ends that bend towards the beam at the downstream end. Magnetic field insensitive silicon photomultiplier detectors were selected as the readout system. An initial measurement of the beam asymmetry $\Sigma$ in the exclusive reaction $\vec{\gamma}p \rightarrow \pi^{0}p$, where $\pi^{0} \rightarrow \gamma \gamma$ has been carried out utilizing the GlueX spectrometer during the Spring 2015 commissioning run. The tagged photon energies ranged from $2.5 \leq E_{\gamma} \leq 3.0\ \mathrm{GeV}$ in the coherent peak. These measurements were then compared to the world data set and show remarkable agreement with only two hours of physics production running.

Over the last decade, microfluidics has emerged as a distinct new field with promising applications for diverse research areas. The ability to precisely control fluids at the microscale allows the execution of a variety of programmable semi-automatic operations on the same device, effectively forming a lab-on-a-chip. In particular, droplet-based microfluidic systems – which reliably generate highly uniform microdroplets at a high throughput – enable the controlled compartmentalization of biological material and have the potential to influence mainstream biomedical research. In this thesis, a microfluidic platform is presented that allows the encapsulation of viable cells in agarose microcapsules for applications in cell–based therapy. As an improvement to pre-existing methods of cell encapsulation, the proposed system combines continuous high throughput cell-encapsulation with on-chip microcapsule gelation and purification.