Submitted by Marcio Emanuel Paixão Santos (marcio.santos@ucsal.br) on 2017-02-18T11:27:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Marcelo Barreto revisada.pdf: 3423219 bytes, checksum: 0198eaca555feba9a545231ec633cff6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Emília Carvalho Ribeiro (maria.ribeiro@ucsal.br) on 2017-02-22T17:56:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Marcelo Barreto revisada.pdf: 3423219 bytes, checksum: 0198eaca555feba9a545231ec633cff6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T17:56:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Marcelo Barreto revisada.pdf: 3423219 bytes, checksum: 0198eaca555feba9a545231ec633cff6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-31 / A pesquisa foi suscitada quando o docente de Ciências Biológicas do Serviço Social das Indústrias – SESI, lotado em Candeias – BA, teve de desenvolver um projeto que vislumbrasse a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos estudantes candeenses da referida instituição. Assim, a pesquisa se iniciou com a apreensão das representações que esses estudantes têm da cidade em que vivem, do que propicia a qualidade de vida deles no município e o que interfere na melhoria desta qualidade de vida. No decorrer da pesquisa, observou-se que a maioria do grupo amostral deseja estudar para sair do ambiente em questão, pois não concebem uma melhoria de qualidade de vida em Candeias. Mas foi perceptível, também, que os laços afetivos desenvolvidos pela família e amigos ainda os fazem ter um olhar acolhedor ao ambiente em que vivem e que esse pode ser o ponto de partida para uma educação ambiental legitimada. Dessa forma, foi proposto ao SESI, para o ano de 2014, um projeto de educação ambiental legitimado, o qual tem como propósito fomentar uma autoanálise dos estudantes, para que estes escolham a forma mais acertada de melhorar a qualidade de vida deles em todos os ambientes que frequentam e, principalmente, no que moram. / This research starts when the Biology Teacher at Serviço Social das Indústrias – SESI, located in Candeias-BA, needed to develop a project which goal was to offer knowledge about life quality to the Candeenses students. Thus, the research started with the apprehension of representations that these students have about the city they live in, which provides quality of life in this city and interferes with the improvement about life quality. During the research was observed that most of case group would like to study and move to another place, because they can’t conceive betterments about life quality where they stay. On the other hand, was also noticeable that affective links among families and friends help them to look in a affectionate way the local around them and this could be the starting point to an environmental legitimated education. Therefore, this project was suggested to SESI, for the year of 2014, which goal is to foment a self-analysis and to offer the students knowledge that can help them to make good choices and bring betterments on life wherever they are.

Idag är miljö ett ämne som diskuteras ivrigt av både regering, media och företag. Att bara göra en sökning på internet på ordet miljö ger över 6 miljoner träffar och de första som kommer upp är oftast kopplade till miljöhot, klimatet eller hur kommuner/företag arbetar för miljön med hållbarhetsprogram. Det skrivs som sagt mycket om miljön idag, men hur påverkas vi egentligen av den informationen vi får? Och vad gör vi av den kunskap som vi tar till oss? Detta var något av utgångspunkten för examensarbetet och det som sedan kom att ligga som motivation till den förundersökning som gjordes inom Axfoods butiker. Förundersökningen som skulle ligga till grund för hur man skulle skapa en webbaserad utbildning inom ämnet miljö för de anställda hos Axfood. En utbildning som i och med Axfoods nya hållbarhetsarbete ska kunna få upp kunskapsnivån, medvetenheten och motivationen hos Axfoods anställda, för att de ska börja agera för miljön, både i sitt arbete men också utanför. Frågeställningarna är de följande: Vilka olika innebörder går att identifiera i de anställdas och kunders uppfattningar av begreppet miljö? Vad är de bakomliggande faktorerna till de anställdas och kundernas beteende när det kommer till att agera för miljön? Vad anser anställda och kunder inom Axfood vara det avgörande steget för att människor ska bli mer engagerade och motiverade att agera för en bättre miljö?Det empiriska materialet bygger på ett 70-tal kvalitativa och kvantitativa intervjuer ifrån anställda och kunder inom Axfoods verksamhet. Ett material som enligt en induktiv metod sammanställts och analyserats och som ligger till grunden för de slutsatser som dragits i rapporten.Undersökningen visade på att det idag är relativt jämt fördelat mellan vår positiva och negativa attityd genemot området miljö, men att en person som inte bär på några tidigare erfarenheter kring ämnet och som idag matats med en mängd negativa intryck har en negativ attityd till ämnet miljö. På samma sätt har också en person som bär på negativa erfarenheter ifrån sin uppväxt idag en negativ attityd. Samtidigt som en person som bär på positiva erfarenheter från sin uppväxt har en positiv attityd till ämnet miljö. Det visar sig också att detta kan vara avgörade för hur vi idag agerar för miljön. Negativa erfarenheter har en förmåga att bromsa oss i vårt arbete.Materialet som togs fram visar på att de anställda och kunderna som deltog i underökningen efterfrågar en utbildning inom miljö som ska bidra med de grunder som krävs för att ett fortsatt deltagande i det framtida hållbarhetsarbetet ska vara möjligt. Där tyngdpunkterna som undersökningen visar på ligger i att utbildningen ska bidra med motivation, enkelhet i att bidra och att få reda på hur man faktiskt är med och påverkar sin omgivning. Utifrån detta material ges flertalet orsaker till varför man idag inget gör för miljön och vad som skulle förändra detta beteende. Den största orsaken till att vi idag inte agerar för miljön visade sig vara bekvämlighet, deltagarna har livsstilar och rutinartade mönster som är svåra att bryta eller skära ner på. Detta kan också uppenbara sig i kombination med att man känner osäkerhet inför ämnet miljö i och med att man saknar kunskap, samtidigt som man inte känner motivationen i och med den maktlöshet som sprids bland deltagarna via medias negativa information kring ämnet miljö. Det som prioriteras högst idag bland deltagarna för att väcka ett engagemang är utbildningen som under våren och sommaren 2010 skapades hos Axfood. / Today the environment is a topic discussed eagerly by both the government, media and businesses. Just to do a search on the internet on the word environment provides more than 6 million hits and the first thing that comes up is most often linked to environmental threats, climate changes or how the municipalities / companies are working with environmental sustainability programs. As said before, the environment is a hot topic today, but how much are we humans affected by the information we receive? And what do we make of the knowledge that we receive? This was one of the starting points for this thesis that came to serve as motivation for the pre-investigation that took place in Axfoods stores. A pre-investigation which would be the basis for how to create a Web-based education in the Department of Environment for the employees of Axfood. An education that should be able to bring up the level of knowledge, awareness and motivation of the employees of Axfood, so that they will start thinking more about the environment, both at their work but also outside of it. The questions for this report are: What are the different meanings that can be identified in the employees and customers perception of the concept of environment? What are the underlying factors to the employees and customers behavior when it comes to acting for the environment? What does employees and customers in Axfood consider to be the crucial step for humans to become more engaged and motivated to act for a better environment? The empirical material is based on qualitative and quantitative interviews of employees and customers within Axfood enterprises. A material that according to an inductive method has been compiled and analyzed and which forms the basis for the conclusions reached in the report. The survey showed that it today is relatively equally between our positive and negative attitude towards the field environment, but one person who does not carry any previous experience on the topic and is now fed with a variety of negative impressions is showed to have a negative attitude to the subject environment. Similarly, a person who also carries the negative experiences from their childhood will today have a negative attitude. While a person who carries the positive experiences from their childhood have a positive attitude to the subject environment. It turns out that this can be crucial for how we act today to the environment. Negative experiences have a tendency to prevent us from working. The material shows that the staff and customers who participated in the investigation has a increased demand of an education in the department of Environment that will provide the foundations needed for a continued participation in the future work for sustainability. Where the focus of the study shows that an education like this one should help the employees with motivation, simplicity of contribution and to find out how I im fakt are with and are affecting my surroundings. Based on this material, several reasons on why one doesn´t do anything today for the environment is presented and also what would change this behavior. The biggest reason of why we today are not acting on the environment proved to be convenience, participants have lifestyles and routine patterns that are difficult to break or cut down on. This can also manifest itself in combination with the feeling of uncertainty about the subject Environment in connection with the lack of knowledge, while you at the same don’t get the motivation that is needed from media which leads to the feeling of powerlessness among the participants. The top priority today for bringing involvement among the participants is the education that was created by Axfood in the spring and summer of 2010.

A dissertação analisa a questão dos limites ao poder estatal de interferência por meio do Direito Penal na vida dos cidadãos quando em jogo elementos de sua esfera íntima, mais precisamente, o exercício da sexualidade humana. Sob o pano de fundo do exame dos diversos aspectos jurídicos relacionados à pornografia infantil, o estudo busca verificar de que forma os discursos do combate ao abuso infantil e da luta contra a pedofilia podem estar ancorados em critérios meramente moralizantes, dando guarida à criação de tipos penais desprovidos de legitimidade. Parte-se de uma abordagem introdutória a respeito da relação entre Direito e Moral incluídas aí as noções de moral social e moral sexual , trazendo um retrato da evolução da matéria até a forma liberal de disciplinar o assunto, sem a influência de tabus religiosos ou éticos. A despeito da tentativa de mudança de paradigmas do chamado Direito Penal Sexual, com o abandono de antigos critérios de tutela do pudor público e a introdução da noção de dignidade sexual, assentada na autodeterminação sexual, a disciplina jurídicopenal da pornografia infantil vem sendo objeto de patente recrudescimento nas últimas décadas. Com o advento da rede mundial de computadores, a tendência internacional de combate aos crimes cibernéticos levou o legislador brasileiro a editar a Lei n.º 11.829/09, que alterou o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), para aumentar penas, criar novos tipos penais e incriminar todos os elos da cadeia da produção pornográfica infantil, incluindo as condutas de mera aquisição/posse de material pornográfico infantil real (artigo 241-B) e a pseudopornografia infantil (artigo 241-C). O trabalho analisa até que ponto essas incriminações seriam justificáveis para o fim invocado, visto que, no caso da modalidade simulada, por exemplo, estão ausentes critérios de exclusiva proteção de bens jurídicos, lesividade e ofensividade, reclamados pelo Direito Penal do Fato. Ao final, a figura do pedófilo merecerá um exame específico, apoiado em conceitos médico-científicos, a fim de delimitar qual seria a melhor maneira político-criminal de abordar os portadores dessa parafilia (pena ou tratamento). / This dissertation analyzes the issues regarding the limits of the states power in interfering by means of Criminal law in the lives of citizens, when elements of his/her intimate plane are at stake, more precisely, the exercise of human sexuality. In the background of the examination of several legal aspects regarding child pornography, the study seeks to verify by which form speeches of combating child abuse and the fight against pedophilia might be anchored by merely moralizing criteria, and in turn supporting the creation of crimes lacking legitimacy. Starting off with an introductory approach regarding the relation between Law and morality here including the notions of social and sexual morality -, and bringing forth a portrait of the evolution of the subject even in its liberal form of disciplining the subject, without the influence of taboos be them religious or ethic. Despite the attempted change in paradigms called Sexual Criminal Law, with the abandonment of old criteria of tutelage of public shame and the introduction of the notion of sexual dignity, based on sexual selfdetermination, the judiciary criminal discipline of child pornography has been subject of manifest recrudescence in the last decades. In the dawn of worldwide net of computers, the international tendency of cyber-crime fighting has led the Brazilian legislator to edit the Law n.° 11.829/09, that altered the Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA), to raise punishment, and create new crimes and incriminate al the links of the child pornography production chain, including those who merely acquire the true pornographic material (article 24-B) and pseudo child pornography (article 241-C). This presentation analizes up to what point these incriminations would be justifiable for the invoked end, since, in she simulated mode, for instance, the criteria of exclusive protection of the legal interest are absent, prejudice and offensiveness, claimed by the Factual Criminal Law. Finaly, the figure of the pedophile deserves a more specific examination, supported by medical scientific concepts, to bound which would be the best political-criminal way to address the carrier of this paraphilia (penalty or treatment).

A dissertação analisa a questão dos limites ao poder estatal de interferência por meio do Direito Penal na vida dos cidadãos quando em jogo elementos de sua esfera íntima, mais precisamente, o exercício da sexualidade humana. Sob o pano de fundo do exame dos diversos aspectos jurídicos relacionados à pornografia infantil, o estudo busca verificar de que forma os discursos do combate ao abuso infantil e da luta contra a pedofilia podem estar ancorados em critérios meramente moralizantes, dando guarida à criação de tipos penais desprovidos de legitimidade. Parte-se de uma abordagem introdutória a respeito da relação entre Direito e Moral incluídas aí as noções de moral social e moral sexual , trazendo um retrato da evolução da matéria até a forma liberal de disciplinar o assunto, sem a influência de tabus religiosos ou éticos. A despeito da tentativa de mudança de paradigmas do chamado Direito Penal Sexual, com o abandono de antigos critérios de tutela do pudor público e a introdução da noção de dignidade sexual, assentada na autodeterminação sexual, a disciplina jurídicopenal da pornografia infantil vem sendo objeto de patente recrudescimento nas últimas décadas. Com o advento da rede mundial de computadores, a tendência internacional de combate aos crimes cibernéticos levou o legislador brasileiro a editar a Lei n.º 11.829/09, que alterou o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), para aumentar penas, criar novos tipos penais e incriminar todos os elos da cadeia da produção pornográfica infantil, incluindo as condutas de mera aquisição/posse de material pornográfico infantil real (artigo 241-B) e a pseudopornografia infantil (artigo 241-C). O trabalho analisa até que ponto essas incriminações seriam justificáveis para o fim invocado, visto que, no caso da modalidade simulada, por exemplo, estão ausentes critérios de exclusiva proteção de bens jurídicos, lesividade e ofensividade, reclamados pelo Direito Penal do Fato. Ao final, a figura do pedófilo merecerá um exame específico, apoiado em conceitos médico-científicos, a fim de delimitar qual seria a melhor maneira político-criminal de abordar os portadores dessa parafilia (pena ou tratamento). / This dissertation analyzes the issues regarding the limits of the states power in interfering by means of Criminal law in the lives of citizens, when elements of his/her intimate plane are at stake, more precisely, the exercise of human sexuality. In the background of the examination of several legal aspects regarding child pornography, the study seeks to verify by which form speeches of combating child abuse and the fight against pedophilia might be anchored by merely moralizing criteria, and in turn supporting the creation of crimes lacking legitimacy. Starting off with an introductory approach regarding the relation between Law and morality here including the notions of social and sexual morality -, and bringing forth a portrait of the evolution of the subject even in its liberal form of disciplining the subject, without the influence of taboos be them religious or ethic. Despite the attempted change in paradigms called Sexual Criminal Law, with the abandonment of old criteria of tutelage of public shame and the introduction of the notion of sexual dignity, based on sexual selfdetermination, the judiciary criminal discipline of child pornography has been subject of manifest recrudescence in the last decades. In the dawn of worldwide net of computers, the international tendency of cyber-crime fighting has led the Brazilian legislator to edit the Law n.° 11.829/09, that altered the Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA), to raise punishment, and create new crimes and incriminate al the links of the child pornography production chain, including those who merely acquire the true pornographic material (article 24-B) and pseudo child pornography (article 241-C). This presentation analizes up to what point these incriminations would be justifiable for the invoked end, since, in she simulated mode, for instance, the criteria of exclusive protection of the legal interest are absent, prejudice and offensiveness, claimed by the Factual Criminal Law. Finaly, the figure of the pedophile deserves a more specific examination, supported by medical scientific concepts, to bound which would be the best political-criminal way to address the carrier of this paraphilia (penalty or treatment).

Dans le contexte du programme de recherche scientifique autrichien en économie, le processus de marché doit être appréhendé par le prisme du concept d'entrepreneur. La fonction créative d'entrepreneur se présente comme un processus individuel largement épistémique, lequel s'élucide en une action à effet catallactique. Elle contribue à l'émergence spontanée de l`ordre, concrétisant ainsi l'évolutionnisme individuel et institutionnel. Or son apparition dépend de déterminants institutionnels particuliers. Par conséquent, le processus de marché, qui émerge des actions catallactiques, requiert un fondement institutionnel spécifique comme une condition sine qua non. En outre, notre analyse s'étend au processus politique à travers le prisme de l'action politique, afin d'examiner l'adéquation de cette action à la nature catallactique. Cette analyse permet aussi de décrypter les institutions qui régissent l'ordre politique confectionné. Cependant, cette investigation relève au cours du processus politique, la déficience du fondement institutionnel indispensable à l'émergence de la fonction d'entrepreneur dans l'action politique. Cela constitue une barrière infranchissable pour l'analogie catallactique dans la pratique politique, et contribue à expliquer la défaillance de la conjecture de marché politique, en raison de l'impossibilité de l'émergence d'un échange politique légitime. Du point de vue de l'éthique, l'action politique s'avère nocive à l'ensemble des droits individuels, voire aux droits de propriété privée. Elle diverge de celle entrepreneuriale car elle dénie la coordination. Par conséquent, cette réalité nous amène à réfuter la conjecture d'entrepreneur politique. / In the context of the Austrian scientific research program in economics, our study deals with the market process through the prism of Entrepreneur`s concept. The creative entrepreneurial function emerges as an epistemic individual process, which contributes to a catallactic action. It strengthens the emergence of the spontaneous order, thus shaping individual and institutional evolutionism. The emergence of such action mainly depends on institutional determinants. Therefore, the market process, emerging from catallactic actions, requires a specific institutional foundation. Thereby, our analysis concerns the political process; this, through the prism of the political action, to match the adequacy of this action to the catallactic one. This analysis also decrypts the institutions which determine the political order. However, this introspection identifies the deficiency of the institutional foundation required for the emergence of the entrepreneurial function through the political action. This barrier of the catallactic analogy in the political practice contributes to the refutation of the political market conjecture. The main reason of this failure is the impossibility of a legitimate political exchange emergence. From the objective ethics perspective, the political action harms the individual rights in general and the private property rights in particular. By denying the coordination, this political action shows a divergent nature from the entrepreneurial one. Therefore, this reality leads to refute the political entrepreneur conjecture.