Following the end of the Civil War, the revisionist myth of the Lost Cause spread over the South as an apologist narrative for white hegemony and slavery, which protected the former Confederate states from the devastating effects of their loss. Pro-Confederate organizations lobbied to replace real history with this collective memory of the South through education and memorialization. This national myth then served as a legitimization of white Southern nationalism that sought to restore white hegemony of the antebellum racial order. The white nationalist organization League of the South, whose goal is the second secession of the Southern states, embraces and manifests the ideology of the Lost Cause in its textual and audiovisual discourse and use of iconography. This discourse anchors their separatist intentions in the context of postwar collective memory, and aids the organization in the legitimization of their actions on the basis of revisionist history. The League derives its identity from this collective memory as the self-established white Southern ethnicity of Anglo-Celtic origin and the descendants of Founding Fathers as well as Confederate leaders. In doing so, the League identifies itself as the organization of true heirs of America stigmatized by the external aggression of the federal...

This work is about how the multivariate analysis tool cluster analysis can be appliedto find meaningfull groups of players based on player statistics. The aim of the work isan attempt to find good clusters among players within the Spanish top football divisionLa Liga for the 2022-2023 season. A comparison between agglomerative hierarchical and k-means has been applied as a method to answer the purpose. The result of the workshowed that no good clusters could be identified among the players based on playerstatistics from La Liga season 22-23.

[pt] A liga VAT46 foi desenvolvida para ser uma opção às ligas comumente utilizadas em motores de combustão interna, VAT80A e VAT751. A microestrutura da liga VAT46, após passar por tratamento térmico, é formada pelas fases y [Ni3(Al,Ti)], y (Ni3Nb), carbetos de nióbio (NbC) e a δ [Ni3(Al,Ti,Nb)]. A fase δ contribui para otimização da liga, porem pode ser um caminho para o hidrogênio causar fragilização. Os estudos de mecanismo de oxidação referentes a esta liga não analisaram a influência e as consequências do vapor d água e da fase δ nos estágios iniciais do processo de oxidação. Devido a insuficiência de dados, gerar informações inéditas sobre a influência do vapor d’água e da fase δ nos momentos iniciais de oxidação, torna este tipo de estudo relevante. Dois tipos de amostras da liga VAT46 foram submetidas a experiencia de oxidação, uma delas com a precipitação da fase δ, e foram utilizados como parâmetro a temperatura de 800ºC por 10 horas e dividido em duas etapas, uma com a presença de vapor d água e outro em ambiente seco. Apenas a amostra sem a fase δ foi oxidada nos dois ambientes. As amostras oxidadas foram analisadas por meio de microscópio ótico, microscópio eletrônico de varredura (MEV) e técnica de EDS. As análises microestruturais das amostras como recebida evidenciam a formação da fase δ com morfologia agulha e regiões adjacentes pobre em metais, como nióbio e níquel, o que pode significar a formação da desta fase pela dissolução da fase y. Os resultados relevaram que a nucleação de óxidos na superfície está relacionada com os carbeto e não com a fase δ e que a presença de vapor d água aumentou a velocidade de crescimento lateral dos núcleos de óxidos formados inicialmente nos carbetos. / [en] The VAT46 alloy was developed to be an option to the alloys commonly used in internal combustion engines, VAT80A and VAT751. The microstructure of the VAT46 alloy, after undergoing heat treatment, is formed by the phases y [Ni3(Al,Ti)], y (Ni3Nb), niobium carbides (NbC) and δ [Ni3(Al,Ti,Nb)]. The δ phase contributes to alloy optimization, but may be a pathway for hydrogen to cause embrittlement. The oxidation mechanism studies for this alloy did not analyze the influence and consequences of water vapor and the δ phase in the initial stages of the oxidation process. Due to insufficient data, generating unpublished information on the influence of water vapor and the δ phase in the initial moments of oxidation makes this type of study relevant. Two types of samples of the VAT46 alloy were submitted to the oxidation experiment, one with the precipitation of the δ phase, and were used as a parameter the temperature of 800ºC for 10 hours and divided into two stages, one with the presence of water vapor and the other in a dry environment. Only the sample without the δ phase was oxidized in both environments. The oxidized samples were analyzed using an optical microscope, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an EDS technique. The microstructural analyses of the samples as received show the formation of phase δ with needle morphology and adjacent regions poor in metals such as niobium and nickel, which may mean the formation of this phase by the dissolution of phase y. The results showed that the nucleation of oxides at the surface is related to the carbides and not to the δ phase and that the presence of water vapour increased the lateral growth speed of the oxide nuclei initially formed in carbides.

Disertacijos objektas yra koronarine širdies liga ir ryškiai sumažinta kairiojo skilvelio sistoline funkcija sergančių ligonių klinikinės būklės pokyčiai ir išgyvenimas vėlyvuoju pooperaciniu laikotarpiu po izoliuotų aorto-vainikinių arterijų apeinamųjų jungčių suformavimo operacijų (AVAJSO), bei kairio skilvelio tūrio ir formos atkūrimo operacijų (TFAO). Tai retrospektyvinis tyrimas. Analizuoti 216 ligonių sergančių koronarine širdies liga, kuriems atliktos AVAJSO ir 139 ligonių, kuriems kartu su revaskuliarizacija atliktos kairio skilvelio TFAO, duomenys. Nustatyta, kad ligonių, sergančių IŠL su KS sistoline disfunkcija, išgyvenimas vėlyvuoju – iki 7 metų laikotarpiu po AVAJSO bei 6 metų laikotarpiu po KS TFAO, yra geras. Nustatėme, kad operacijų, kurias nuspręsta atlikti ligoniams, turintiems krūtinės anginos simptomus, be miokardo gyvybingumo požymių įrodymo echokardiografiniu mažų dozių dobutamino krūvio mėginiu, pirmųjų 30 parų mirties rizika nebuvo didesnė. Rasta, kad ligonių, kurių funkcinė klasė vienerių metų laikotarpiu po AVAJSO buvo blogesnė, iki operacijos buvo EKG ilgesnė QRS komplekso trukmė, didesni KS galiniai diastoliniai dydžiai ir operacijos metu jiems buvo suformuota mažiau AVA jungčių. Išaiškinta, kad KS tūrio ir formos atkūrimo operacijos ligoniams su toli pažengusia KS remodeliacija atliekamos saugiai, su ne didesne pirmųjų 30 parų mirties rizika nei atliekant vien AVAJSO. Išaiškinta, kad tų ligonių, kurių funkcinė būklė nepagerėjo vienerių metų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / ANNOTATION OF DISERTATION Subject of disertation: Surgical treatment of patients suffering from ischemic heart disease with significantly decreased left ventricle systolic function: clinical evaluation. Objective - evaluation of clinical status and long-term postoperative survival of patients suffering from ischemic heart disease and decreased left ventricle systolic function (LV EF ≤ 35%) after isolated coronary by-pass grafting and left ventricle volume and shape surgical restoration operations. Retrospective study. The study group included 216 patients for whom coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and 139 patients who underwent surgical ventricular restoration (SVR). It was postulated that the long-term survival (up to 7 years) in patients after CABG and long-term survival (6 years) in patients after SVR is good. It was found out that the risk of fatal outcome during the first 30 days after CABG in patients 0suffering from ischemic LV dysfunction and symptoms of angina pectoris with viable myocardium, statistically reliably did not differ from patients with nonviable myocardium. It was stated that patients with greater functional class during one year after CABG, preoperatively had longer duration of ECG QRS complex, higher end-diastolic findings and had lower number of by-passes during the operation. We also demonstrated that LV shape and volume restoration operations were being performed for patients with highly advanced LV remodeling safely and postoperative risk... [to full text]

Nelaimingų atsitikimų darbe ir profesinių ligų paplitimą lemia ne tik faktinė darbo sąlygų būklė, bet ir pačių sąvokų nelaimingas astitikimas darbe ir profesinė liga apibrėžtumas, nelaimingų atsitikimų darbe ir profesinių ligų tyrimo, nustatymo ir kompensavimo procedūrų teisinis reglamentavimas. Atsižvelgiant į tai, darbe analizuojamas nelaimingų atsitikimų darbe ir profesinių ligų teisinis reglamentavimas Lietuvos Respublikoje, taip pat lyginamas šios srities teisinis reglamentavimas Vokietijos Federacinėje Respublikoje ir Rusijos Federacijoje, siekiant nustatyti skirtingų jurisdikcijų pranašumus bei trūkumus. Pirmojoje darbo dalyje analizuojamos nelaimingo atsitikimo darbe, nelaimingo atsitikimo pakeliui į darbą ar iš darbo ir profesinės ligos sąvokos, atskleidžiamos šių sąvokų taikymo praktinės problemos. Antroji darbo dalis skirta nelaimingų astitikimų darbe tyrimui – aptariami nelaimingus atsitikimus darbe tiriantys subjektai, detaliai analizuojama tyrimo eiga, pagrindinį dėmesį skiriant teisinio reglamentavimo problemoms. Trečiojoje darbo dalyje nagrinėjamas profesinių ligų tyrimo teisinis reglamentavimas ir organizaciniai klausimai, svarstomas tyrimo procedūros reglamentavimo supaprastinimas. Kiekvienoje darbo dalyje svarbiausiais klausimais pateikiamas palyginimas su Vokietijos Federacinės Respublikos bei Rusijos Federacijos teisiniu reglamentavimu ir pateikiami pasiūlymai, kokia kitose valstybėse taikoma praktika galėtų būti naudinga Lietuvos Respublikoje. / The prevalence of accidents at work and professional diseases is determined not only by actual state of working conditions, but also by explicitness of concepts accident at work and professional disease and by legal regulation of accidents at work and professional diseases investigation, determination and compensation. Considering that, the main purpose of this paper is to analyse legal regulation of accidents at work and professional diseases in the Republic of Lithuania. Also to compare legal regulation in the Republic of Lithuania with legal regulation in the Federal Republic of Germany and in the Russian Federation and to determine advantages and disadvantages of different jurisdictions. In the first part of the paper definitions of accident at work, accident on the way to or from work and professional disease are being analysed, also problems, concerning practical use of these definitions, are being revealed. The second part of the paper is up for investigation of accidents at work. In this part subjects responsible for investigation of accidents at work are discussed, also the process of investigation is being analysed, particularly concentrating on problems of legal regulation. In the third part of the paper legal regulation of professional diseases investigation and organizational questions are under consideration. The simplification of investigation procedure is being considered. In each part of the paper a comparison is made on most important questions with Federal... [to full text]

Tyrimo objektas. 27–90 metų asmenys, sergantys pirmojo ir antrojo tipo diabetu ir periferinių arterijų liga, gydyti Vilniaus universiteto kraujagyslių chirurgijos centre Vilniaus miesto universitetinėje ligoninėje 1997–2011 m. Tyrimo tikslas. Nustatyti Vilniaus universiteto kraujagyslių chirurgijos centre Vilniaus miesto universitetinėje ligoninėje gydytų pacientų, sergančių diabetu, periferinių arterijų ligos ypatumus, PAL padarinius ir PAL padarinių rizikos veiksnius. Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodai. Išanalizuotos 925 pacientų, sergančių 1 ir 2 tipo diabetu ir 1997–2011 metais gydytų Vilniaus universiteto kraujagyslių chirurgijos centre Vilniaus miesto universitetinėje ligoninėje nuo periferinių arterijų ligos istorijos. Statistinė analizė atlikta SPSS 19.0 for Windows programų paketu. Pasirinktas statistinio reikšmingumo lygmuo α=0,05. Rezultatai. Ištyrėme 387 moterų ir 538 vyrų, duomenis. Vidutinis tiriamųjų amžius buvo 67,99±9,47 metų. 95,6 proc. tiriamųjų sirgo 2 tipo diabetu. Vidutinė sirgimo diabetu trukmė buvo 12,95±9,91 metų. Diabetinę angiopatiją turėjo 47,8 proc. tiriamųjų, nefropatiją – 34,9 proc., retinopatiją – 14,6 proc., polineuropatiją – 33,7 proc.. Statistiškai reikšmingai dažniau nefropatija, retinopatija ir polineuropatija buvo nustatyta pacientams, sergantiems 1 tipo diabetu. Pacientai dažniausiai sirgo širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos ligomis. 21,2 proc. tiriamųjų jau buvo patyrę galūnių amputacijas. Vidutinė hospitalizacijos trukmė buvo 17,3±10,80... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object of the research. 27–90 years old patients having the type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and peripheral artery disease, who were treated at the Vilnius University Vascular Surgery Center in the Vilnius town University Hospital in the year 1997–2011. The aim of our research was. To analyse aspects of peripheral artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus, who were cured at Vilnius University Vascular Surgery Center in the Vilnius town University Hospital as well as to determine the consequenses of PAD and the risk factors PAD. Material and methods of the research. 925 cases of the type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus were explored at the Vilnius University Vascular Surgery center in the Vilnius town University hospital in the year 1997–2011, who received treatment for the peripheral artery disease. The statistic survey has been done using the program pack SPSS 19.0 for Windows. Statistic importance level α=0.05. Results. Data about 378 women and 538 men have been explored. An average age of all the patients was 67.99±9.47 years. 95.6% of patients had the type 2 diabetes mellitus. An average duration of having disease was 12.95±9.91 years, 47.8% of cases had diabetic angiopathy, 34.9% of patients had nephropaty, 14.6% of cases had retinopathy, 33.7% of all the cases had polyneuropathy. According to the statistic importance rates retinopathy, nephropathy, polyneuropathy are more often among patients with the type 1 diabetes mellitus. Cardiovascular diseases were... [to full text]

Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices have been increasing in popularity for radio frequency (RF) and microwave communication systems due to the ability of MEMS devices to improve the performance of these circuits and systems. This interdisciplinary field combines the aspects of lithographic fabrication, mechanics, materials science, and RF/microwave circuit technology to produce moving structures with feature dimensions on the micron scale (micro-structures). MEMS technology has been used to improve switches, varactors, and inductors to name a few specific examples. Most MEMS devices have been fabricated using planar micro fabrication techniques that are similar to current integrated circuit (IC) fabrication techniques. These techniques limit the thickness of individual layers to a few microns, and restrict the structures to have planar and not vertical features. One micro fabrication technology that has not seen much application to microwave MEMS devices is LIGA, a German acronym for X-ray lithography, electroforming, and moulding. LIGA uses X-ray lithography to produce very tall structures (hundreds of microns) with excellent structural quality, and with lateral feature sizes smaller than a micron. These unique properties have led to an increased interest in LIGA for the development of high performance microwave devices, particularly as operating frequencies increase and physical device size decreases. Existing work using LIGA for microwave devices has concentrated on statically operating structures such as transmission lines, filters, couplers, and antennas. This research uses these unique fabrication capabilities to develop dynamically operating microwave devices with high frequency performance. This thesis documents the design, fabrication and testing of LIGA-MEMS variable capacitors that exploit the vertical dimension. Also included are methods to improve both the reliable fabrication and operation of these devices as well as material property characterization. Variable capacitors can be found in systems such as voltage-controlled oscillators, filters, impedance matching networks and phase shifters. Important figures-of-merit for these devices include the quality factor (Q), tuning range and tuning voltage. Two different types of variable capacitors are presented, a pull-away design and a design based on the principle of leveraged bending. The pull-away style variable capacitors were found to have high Q-factors, especially the devices fabricated using a thick gold device layer. As an example, the small gold half capacitance electrode design features a Q-factor of 95 at an operating frequency of 5.6 GHz and a tuning ratio of 1.36:1 with a tuning voltage range of 0 to 7.8 V. The design based on leveraged bending significantly improves the tuning ratio to a value of 1.9:1 while still maintaining a high Q-factor similar to those found in the pull-away style designs. A further increase in tuning ratio to a value of approximately 2.7:1 would be possible, based on simulated results, by simply changing the angle of the capacitance electrode in the layout. To improve device performance and fabrication reliability, modifications were made to both the fabrication process and the device layout. In the fabrication process the exposure step, electroplating step, and the etching process were modified to improve the quality of the resulting devices. In the layout, anti-stiction measures were introduced that reduce the contact area during collapse. To improve device characterization as well as the feedback link between simulation and fabrication, a set of test structures called VM-TEST was developed to accurately determine the important mechanical material properties of thick electroplated layers. These structures utilize the measurement of the pull-in voltage in cantilever and fixed-fixed beams, along with measured structure dimensions, to accurately extract the mechanical properties. Both nickel and gold test structures were analyzed with extracted Young’s modulus values of 186.2 and 60.8 GPa respectively. Also presented is a study of the gap shape in cantilever and fixed-fixed beams that significantly reduces the pull-in voltage while still maintaining a required maximum actuator displacement. It was shown that in the case of cantilever beam actuators, an approximately 40% reduction in pull-in voltage is possible, and in the case of fixed-fixed beam actuators, an approximately 30% reduction is possible by simply varying the shape of the gap between the beam and actuator electrode. These results can be used to significantly reduce the pull-in voltage of future designs. These promising results show that the LIGA fabrication process is capable of producing high performance dynamically operating RF MEMS devices, by exploiting the vertical dimension, not typically performed in most existing RF MEMS designs.

Title: The comparison of components in football performance Key words: Football match analysis, FC Viktoria Pilsen, AC Sparta Prague, Gambrinus League The problem definition: All football matches played during season 2013/2014 in the Czech first football league were, for the first time in history, analysed with Instat programme. Data from analysis served as main source for comparison of two most successful teams - FC Viktoria Pilsen and AC Sparta Prague. I will try to analyse these statistical data and consequently define key statistics for both teams. The aim of the thesis: Comparison and interpretation of performance data acquired by statistical programme Instat is the primary aim of this thesis.

Title: Presence and effectiveness of the pick-and-roll in chosen ŽBL and Eurocup Women teams (comparative study) Objective of thesis: This Master's thesis is further development of the Bachelor's thesis that was defended in May 2014. The objective of the thesis is to find out the presence and effectiveness of pick-and-roll. This research was done on selected Eurocup Women teams and consequently compared with results of the ŽBL teams according to the Bachelor's thesis. Methods: Regarding the quantitative research, the thesis was based on the collective method of secondary information in that case secondary statistical analysis and direct observation of recorded data. Results: The presence of pick-and-roll in ŽBL teams was comparable to the Eurocup Women teams. The teams playing European competition had similar effectiveness of pick-and-roll as the teams playing ŽBL (Czech competition). Key words: Basketball, ŽBL (women basketball league), Eurocup Women, combination based on screen, basketball plays

Este estudo avaliou os efeitos de pastilhas efervescentes na superfície de liga de cobalto cromo (Co-Cr) e resina termopolimerizável, simulando um período de até 5 anos de imersão, como também analisar sua ação antimicrobiana. A partir de uma matriz metálica, padrões de cera circulares (12 x 3 mm) foram obtidos e fundidos em liga de Co-Cr (DeguDent®). As amostras foram imersas em: Polident 3 minutes® (P3M), Steradent® (St), Polident for Partials® (PP), Efferdent® (Ef), Corega Tabs® (CT), Nitradine® (Ni), Fixodent® (Fi) e Kukident® (K). Foi avaliada a resistência à corrosão (Ecorr, Ipass) (n=5) por meio do Potenciostato/Galvanostato. Foram realizadas análises qualitativas complementares com Microscópio Eletrônico de Varredura (MEV) e Espectrometria de Energia Dispersiva de Raios-X (EDS). Após o ensaio de corrosão, cada disco metálico foi incluído em mufla preparada por matrizes circulares de cera (20 x 5 mm), incorporando-o à resina acrílica termopolimerizável (Clássico Ltda®). Os grupos das 4 pastilhas que apresentaram a menor taxa de corrosão e da água destilada (controle) (n=9) foram analisados quanto à rugosidade da superfície metálica e da resina acrílica (Sa, &micro;m) por meio de microscopia confocal a laser. Foram avaliadas a alteração de cor (&Delta;E) da resina por meio de espectrocolorímetro no início e após a simulação de ½, 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5 anos e alteração de massa (g), no início e final, em balança de alta precisão. Para avaliação antimicrobiana, por meio da contagem de Unidades Formadoras de Colônia (UFC/mL), os espécimes mistos foram contaminados com biofilme misto composto por: S. mutans (Sm), S. aureus (Sa), C. albicans (Ca) e C. glabrata (Cg) e, posteriormente, imersos nas soluções higienizadoras, onde foram semeados em meios específicos para contagem das UFC. De acordo com os resultados obtidos (&alpha;=0,05), P3M causou a menor taxa de corrosão e Ni, o menor potencial de corrosão. Com o MEV, verificou-se evidenciação da microestrutura da liga metálica. Quanto à rugosidade superficial do metal, CT (p=0,009) e Ni (p=0,036) causaram aumento na rugosidade em relação ao tempo (Friedman). Na resina, houve aumento da rugosidade após 5 anos (p<0,01). Entre as soluções (Kruskal-Wallis), não houve diferença para ambos os materiais. Não houve diferença na cor da resina acrílica, tanto em relação às soluções (Kruskal Wallis) quanto aos tempos (Friedman). Não foram observadas alterações de massa (Kruskal-Wallis). Quanto à ação antimicrobiana (Kruskal-Wallis), Ni propiciou redução de UFC de Sm (p=0,001). Conclui-se que, embora todas as pastilhas efervescentes não tenham alterado a superfície do metal e da resina acrílica de maneira significativa, nenhuma apresentou ação antimicrobiana contra os microrganismos avaliados do biofilme misto; somente Ni reduziu a quantidade de S. mutans / The aim of this study were: to evaluate the effects of denture cleansers on the surface of cobalt chromium (Co-Cr) and heat-polymerized acrylic resin, simulating a period until 5 years of immersion, as well as to analyze its antimicrobial action. From a metal matrix, disc-shaped wax patterns (12 x 3 mm) were made and later were casting in Co-Cr alloy (DeguDent&trade;). The specimes were immersed in: Polident 3 minutes&trade; (P3M), Steradent&trade; (St), Polident for Partials&trade; (PP), Efferdent&trade; (Ef), Corega Tabs&trade; (CT), Nitradine&trade; (Ni), Fixodent&trade; (Fi) and Kukident&trade; (K). The corrosion resistance (Ecorr, Ipass) (n = 5) was evaluated by Potentiostat / Galvanostat. Further qualitative analyzes were performed with scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS). After the corrosion test, each metal disk was included in heat-cured acrylic resin (Clássico Ltda&trade;) using moulds previously prepared from circular wax matrices (20 x 5 mm). The four dentures cleansers with the lowest corrosive potential were analyzed for surface roughness of the metal and acrylic resin (Sa, &micro;m) by laser confocal microscopy. The color change (&Delta;E) of the resin was evaluated by means of a spectrocolorimeter at the beginning and after the simulation of ½, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years and mass change (g), at the beginning and end, in high-precision balance. For antimicrobial evaluation, the mixed specimens (n = 9) were contaminated with multispecies biofilm [S. mutans (Sm), S. aureus (Sa), C. albicans (Ca) and C. glabrata (Cg)] and subsquently immersed in denture cleansers, where they were seeded in specific CFU / mL media. According to the results obtained (&alpha;=0.05), there was a significant difference: P3M presented the lowest corrosion rate and Ni, the lowest corrosion potential. According to SEM, the tablets effervescent provided evidence of the microstructure of the alloy. As for the surface roughness in the metal surface, CT (p = 0.009) and Ni (p = 0.036) showed increase in roughness in relation to time (Friedman). At the resin surface, the roughness growed after 5 years. Among the solutions (Kruskal-Wallis), there was no difference for both materials. There was no difference in the color of the acrylic resin (&delta;E), both for solution (Kruskal-Wallis), and for time (Friedman). Differences in weight weren\'t observed (Kruskal-Wallis). In antimicrobial action (Kruskal-Wallis), Ni group showed significant reduction for Sm (p=0.001). It\'s concluded that, although all the denture cleansers didn\'t significantly changed the surface of the metal and acrylic resin, none showed antimicrobial action against the evaluated microorganisms of the mixed biofilm; only Ni reduced the amount of S. mutans