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Zpracování teplotních karotážních dat v oblasti Oháreckého lineamentu / Thermal logging data analysis in the area of Ohárecký LineamentSchinkmann, Jakub January 2010 (has links)
Jakub Schinkman - abstract The object of the thesis was a detailed processing of the available temperature logging data from the area of Ohře lineament. The Ohře lineament is known by its characteristic temperature manifestations. Based on a comprehensive selection of thermometric logs and using the results of other logging methods were selected a total of 281 wells suitable for the construction of temperature maps. The parts of the work are maps of geothermal gradient and temperature sections across the Ohře lineament. Based on these summary maps, 6 smaller areas with anomalous temperature signs were selected for detailed analysis. Anomalies and trends in geothermal gradient were then compared with some other geophysical features. The work provides not only detailed processing of the collected thermometric data, but also shows the different possibilities of visualization and try to understand the problems of heat transfer in the upper parts of the earth's crust.
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Improvement of Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR) technique to accurate and overall displacement monitoring in geothermal fields for sustainable resource use / 持続可能資源使用を目指した地熱フィールドでの高精度で全域にわたる変位モニタリングのための差分干渉SAR処理法の改良Panggea, Ghiyats Sabrian 23 March 2022 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第23863号 / 工博第4950号 / 新制||工||1773(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科都市社会工学専攻 / (主査)教授 小池 克明, 教授 須崎 純一, 准教授 柏谷 公希 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM
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Análise da tectônica rúptil associada a uma porção do lineamento transbrasiliano da Região Noroeste do Ceará integrando dados de campo, magnetométricos e de sensoriamento remoto / Analysis brittle tectonics associated with a portion of the Ceará Transbrasiliano Lineament northwest region Integrating field data, magnetometric and sensingMelo, Dayana Cristina Macedo de January 2014 (has links)
MELO, Dayana Cristina Macedo de. Análise da tectônica rúptil associada a uma porção do lineamento transbrasiliano da Região Noroeste do Ceará integrando dados de campo, magnetométricos e de sensoriamento remoto. 2014. 62 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em geologia)- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 2014. / Submitted by Elineudson Ribeiro (elineudsonr@gmail.com) on 2016-06-03T19:48:15Z
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Previous issue date: 2014 / The brittle tectonic analyzed in this work is referring to an area that represents a portion of the Transbrasiliano Lineament (TL), in northwest of Ceará State, comprising part of Cariré, Pacujá, Graça and Reriutaba’s county and the geological context is the basement (Ceará Complex-Canindé Unit) and Jaibaras and Parnaiba Basin (Jaibaras Group-Pacuja Formation and Serra Grande Group, respectively). This study aims to characterize the brittle structures associated to the TL, through integration of remote sensing (SRTM-Topodata and Landsat 7 ETM+), geophysics (Magnetometry) and field data information. From SRTM-Topodata images there were obtained drainage system and hillshade images in N, NE, E and NW directions. Color composition images RGB 743 and 431 derived from Landsat 7 ETM+. The combination of these products permitted the visualization of lineaments that were vectorized to compare to other data. The processed magnetometric data allowed to obtain the anomalous magnetic field and the elaboration of other products through application of variable filters, such as: horizontal and vertical Derived, analytic signal amplitude and analytic signal inclination. They were assets to identify lineaments and define magnetic domains. Anomalous magnetic their depth estimated by Euler deconvolution and matched filter application. The fracture planes’ rosette diagram elaborated from field measures composed parameters to compare the lineaments extracted from the products aforementioned. It’s evident, from the integration of all information, that the main direction of the TL (NE-SW) is compatible with the brittle structures observed in the area, as well as the N-S and NW-SE lineaments, that are potentially related with translative/extensional tectonic of TL. The E-W direction, which is late to TL and appears in the basement as the basins. The comparative analysis of the data suggests a tectonic control from TL over Jaibaras and Parnaiba Basins, through structures reactivation in NE and NW directions. / A tectônica rúptil analisada neste trabalho é referente a uma área que detém uma porção do Lineamento Transbrasiliano (LT), situada na região Noroeste do Estado do Ceará. Esta área abrange parte dos municípios de Cariré, Pacujá, Graça e Reriutaba. O contexto geológico abrange o embasamento (Complexo Ceará-Unidade Canindé) e as bacias Jaibaras (Grupo Jaibaras- Formação Pacujá) e Parnaíba (Grupo Serra Grande). Este estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar as estruturas rúpteis associadas ao LT, através da integração de informações oriundas de sensores remotos (SRTM-Topodata e Landsat 7 ETM+), geofísica (magnetometria) e dados de campo. A partir das imagens SRTM-Topodata obteveram-se o traço da rede de drenagem e as imagens com sombreamento de relevo nas direções N, NE, E, NW. As imagens Landsat 7 ETM+ as imagens foram analisadas em composições coloridas RGB 743 e 431. Estes produtos integrados permitiram a visualização de lineamentos que foram vetorizados para posterior comparação com outros dados. Os dados magnetométricos foram processados permitindo a obtenção do campo magnético anômalo na área de estudo, e a elaboração de produtos gráficos através da aplicação de diferentes filtros, tais como: Derivada horizontal e derivadas verticais, amplitude do sinal analítico, inclinação do sinal analítico, os quais permitiram identificar lineamentos e definir domínios magnéticos. As anomalias magnéticas tiveram suas profundidades estimadas através da deconvolução de Euler e da aplicação de filtro matched. Os diagramas de roseta elaborados a partir de medidas de campo de direções dos planos de fratura constituíram parâmetros para comparação com os lineamentos extraídos dos outros produtos. A integração das informações evidencia que a principal direção do LT (NE-SW) é compatível com as estruturas rúpteis observadas na área de estudo, assim como as direções N-S e NW-SE potencialmente relacionadas com a tectônica transtativa/extensional do LT. A direção E-W tardia ao LT aparece tanto no embasamento como nas bacias. A análise comparativa dos dados sugere um controle tectônico do LT nas bacias Jaibaras e Parnaíba, através da reativação de estruturas nas direções NE e NW.
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Fastställande av lineamentens karaktär med avseende på bergkvalitet enligt Qbas och RMRbas inför tunnel-konstruktion i Solna, Stockholm samt kvalitetsutvärdering av Astrock hyperdata report / Determining the Characteristics of the Lineaments in Terms of Rock Quality According to Qbase and RMRbase Prior to Tunnel Construction in Solna, Stockholm, and Quality Evaluation of Astrock Hyperdata ReportBurefalk Strauss, Martin, Rosko, Samuel January 2016 (has links)
Sweden's population is increasing every year, which means that cities must adapt their infrastructure to be able to follow the demographic trend. In the current situation, Stockholm plans a major expansion of its metro network where evaluating the bedrock quality is of paramount importance. For the new SL metro connection project Gula linjen that stretches between Odenplan and Arenastaden in Solna, the company WSP has previously done quality surveys of the bedrock in the area and dimensioning of the reinforcements in the planned tunnels. Previous survey of the lineaments and weakness zones in the area has been done by means of core drilling and observations in the field. This study examines if the lineaments in the area are associated to any structures below ground surface in the bedrock by examining rock samples from drill cores. A digital presentation tool called Astrock hyperdata report is evaluated in this study by comparing manual measurements of the orientation of the joints in drill cores and the software´s measurements. The studied bedrock in the drill cores varies in quality from very poor to very good. Further examinations of zones of particularly poor rock quality done in this study suggest that the two identified lineaments have different characteristics. The north-west/south-east lineament which runs parallel to the planned metro route is indicated to represent the surface trace of a water-bearing fracture zone in the bedrock. The lineament with the E/W direction is dominated by structures and fault rocks, such as fault gouge and crushed rock in the drill cores, which indicates a brittle deformation zone. For the Gula linjen project, this information becomes useful as the underground reinforcements such as bolting and grouting have to / Sveriges befolkning ökar varje år, vilket gör att städer måste anpassas och expandera för att kunna följa den demografiska utvecklingen. I Stockholm planeras i dagsläget en stor utbyggnad av dess tunnelbanenätverk där det sker mycket arbete kring utvärdering av berggrunden för att göra detta möjligt. För Stockholms lokaltrafiks (SL) tunnelbaneprojektet Gula linjen som ska gå mellan Odenplan och Solna har företaget WSP tidigare gjort kvalitetsundersökningar av berggrunden i området samt dimensioneringar av förstärkningar i de planerade tunnlarna. Studier av svaghetzoner och lineamenten i området har gjorts med hjälp av kärnborrning och fältobservationer. Denna studie undersöker om lineamenten som finns i området är kopplade till strukturer längre ner i berggrunden genom att undersöka bergprov i form av borrkärnor. Som komplement har det digitala redovisningsverktyget Astrock hyperdata report använts för att kunna jämföra strukturer i berget med de egna mätningarna i studien. Programmet kommer även att utvärderas i studien. De erhållna värdena från undersökningen på borrkärnorna varierar i kvalitet från väldigt dålig till väldigt bra. Närmare studier på zoner av särskilt dålig kvalitet tyder på att de båda lineamenten karaktäriseras av olika typer av strukturer. Det nordväst-/sydöstliga lineamentet, som går parallellt med den planerade tunnelbanesträckan, domineras av strukturer som tyder på att lineamentet representerar en vattenförande sprickzon under markytan. I lineamentet med öst-västlig riktning dominerar strukturer som tyder på förekomsten av en förkastningszon. För projektet Gula linjen blir denna information användbar då den vattenförande sprickzonen kan innebära att tunnelförstärkning med injektering måste göras för ytterligare skydd mot vatteninträngning.
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Strukturgeologisk karaktärisering av Getåravinen : En visualisering av lineamentsstudie med prediktioner och modellering inför Ostlänken / Structural geological characterization of the Getå ravine : A visualisation of lineament studies with prediction and modelling prior the East link projectWikby, Pierre, Andersson, Ragnar January 2018 (has links)
Ostlänken är en planerad höghastighetsjärnväg mellan Järna och Linköping med stegvis byggstart från 2017, ett omfattande projekt som inkluderar totalt cirka 20 kilometer tunnel, varav en tunnel planeras att korsa Getåravinen. Undermarksbyggande är komplicerat och kontakt med svaghetszoner i berg innebär ökade risker för anläggning, miljö och omgivande fastigheter. För att åstadkomma en riskbedömning, dimensionering och ekonomisk kalkyl utförs undersökningar och ingenjörsgeologiska prognoser av bergkvalité och geologisk struktur. Studier har visat ett samband mellan naturliga lineament och svaghetszoner i berg. Därför var uppsatsens syfte att bedöma geologiska byggbarhetsfaktorer genom en strukturgeologisk karaktärisering av lineamentet Getåravinen. Arbetet fokuserade på ett avgränsat område inom Getåravinen där Sweco, på uppdrag av Trafikverket, har utfört ingenjörsgeologiska undersökningar inför den planerade anläggningen av Ostlänken.Arbetet utgick från en studie av lineament genom geologiska kartor, kärnborrprov och hällkarteringar kring Getåravinen, dessa analyserades sedan för att identifiera strukturgeologiska samband. Metoderna Inverse Distance Weighted och kriging användes för att prediktera berget i borrkärnornas omgivning utifrån kvalitéklassningarna Rock Mass Rating, Q-systemet och Rock Quality Designation. För att visa resultatet pedagogiskt och förbättra underlaget inför byggteknisk diskussion visualiserades resultatet i en Building Information Model i mjukvaruprogrammet AutoCAD Civil 3D. Resultatet visade cirka 20° avvikelse mellan lineamentet och huvudsprickriktningen i Getåravinen, det bekräftade ett sprickmönster som då generellt kan antas gälla för lineament vilket är användbar information vid undermarksbyggande. Prediktionerna visade en rumslig beskrivning av bergets klassificeringar och samband med lineamentet. Nyttan av prediktiva metoder var därmed god då även effektiv kvantifiering av bergklasserna möjliggjordes vilket kan implementeras vid undermarksbyggande. / The East Link is a planned high-speed rail link between Järna and Linköping with a gradual construction start in 2017, a comprehensive project covering a total of approximately 20 kilometers of tunnel, of which one tunnel is planned to cross the Getå ravine. Subsurface construction is complicated, and contact with weak zones in the rock implies increased risks for the tunnel construction, the environment and the surrounding real estates. In order to accomplish a risk assessment, dimensioning and economic calculation, geological engineering investigations of the rock’s quality and geological structure are carried out. Studies have shown a relationship between natural lineaments and weaknesses in the rock. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to assess geological constructability factors in the Getå ravine by using a characterization of structural geology. The focus was within a demarcated area where the consulting firm Sweco, on behalf of the Swedish Transport Administration, had performed engineering geological surveys for the planned construction of the East link.The thesis was based on a study of lineament in geological maps, core drill samples and bedrock mapping in the surroundings of the Getå ravine, which were later analysed to identify structural geological relations. The methods Inverse Distance Weighted and Kriging were used to predict the rock ambient to the core kernels based on the quality ratings Rock Mass Rating, Q System and Rock Quality Designation. In order to visualize the results pedagogically and enhance the basis for technical discussion regarding civil engineering, the results were visualized in a Building Information Model in the software AutoCAD Civil 3D. The result showed approximately 20° deviation between the lineament and the primary joint strike in the Getå ravine, it confirmed a joint pattern that can be generally assumed for natural lineaments which is useful information in subsurface construction. The predictions showed a spatial distribution of the rock's different quality ratings and relationship with the lineament. The utility of the predictive methods was therefore certain because of efficient quantification of the rock quality was made possible, which can be implemented when characterizing the rock into quality domains prior subsurface construction.
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Terminal Pleistocene to early Holocene volcanic eruptions at Zuni Salt Lake, west-central New Mexico, USAOnken, Jill, Forman, Steven 04 January 2017 (has links)
Zuni Salt Lake (ZSL) is a large maar in the Red Hill-Quemado volcanic field located in west-central New Mexico in the southwestern USA. Stratigraphic analysis of sections in and around the maar, coupled with optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) C-14 dating, indicate that ZSL volcanic activity occurred between similar to 13.4 and 9.9 ka and was most likely confined to a <= 500-year interval sometime between similar to 12.3 and 11.0 ka. The basal volcanic unit consists of locally widespread basaltic ash fallout interpreted to represent a violent or wind-aided strombolian eruption tentatively attributed to Cerro Pomo, a scoria cone similar to 10 km south of ZSL. Subsequent eruptions emanated from vents near or within the present-day ZSL maar crater. Strombolian eruptions of multiple spatter and scoria cones produced basaltic lava and scoria lapilli fallout. Next, a phreatomagmatic eruption created the maar crater and surrounding tephra rim and apron. ZSL eruptions ended with strombolian eruptions that formed three scoria cones on the crater floor. The revised age range of ZSL is younger and more precise than the 190-24 ka 2-sigma age range derived from previous argon dating. This implies that other morphologically youthful, argon-dated volcanoes on the southern margin of the Colorado Plateau might be substantially younger than previously reported.
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Lineamento regional no norte do Pantanal separando áreas de vegetação fenológica e floristicamente distintas: evidências de diversidade ambiental originada por neotectônica / not availableRibeiro, Eduardo Francisco 27 April 2017 (has links)
O Pantanal é uma bacia sedimentar quaternária ativa de baixa declividade que vem sendo preenchida principalmente por megaleques fluviais. Apesar de possuir um relevo plano e uma geologia à primeira vista monótona, o Pantanal é um mosaico de ambientes distintos. A presença, intensidade e duração das inundações é considerada a mais importante causa da variabilidade ambiental, implicando que pequenas variações no relevo tenham drástica influência florística e fenológica. Estas variações espacialmente expressivas geram lineamentos de vegetação e captura de drenagens e estão associadas à neotectônica, também responsável pela sismicidade desta bacia. Para analisar este lineamento de vegetação, foram utilizadas diversas fontes de dados, incluindo imagens de sensoriamento remoto, dados de aeromagnetometria e dados florísticos obtidos em campo. A principal ferramenta foi uma série de 15 anos de imagens NDVI do sensor MODIS (345 imagens compostas de 16 dias). Com estas imagens foi abordada a fenologia da superfície terrestre (FSP) na área do lineamento, a qual apresenta uma notável variabilidade. Foram obtidos perfis temporais tanto contínuos como de um ano médio e uma série de métricas fenológicas, as quais foram analisadas com o auxílio de perfis de varredura e dados estatísticos. Os resultados da FSP demostraram a importante senescência associada ao período de seca ocorrendo apenas na porção a SE do lineamento, com a vegetação a NW permanecendo verde mesmo nos meses sem chuvas expressivas. Dados TRMM (2001-2015) mostram não haver grande diferença na pluviosidade da área do lineamento, e, quando comparados aos dados de NDVI, permitiram demonstrar maior relação entre verdor da vegetação e pluviosidade a SE do lineamento e independência do verdor às chuvas locais a NW. Apesar da indicação de que a área NW está mais baixa do que a área SE, isto não pode ser comprovado pelo modelo digital de elevação SRTM. Os dados florísticos obtidos em 17 parcelas de cobertura florestal em avançado estágio de reflorestação foram tratados em três abordagens: ordenação dos índices de similaridade de Jaccard (J), agrupamento hierárquico destes índices e obtenção do J considerando as parcelas feitas de cada lado do lineamento como amostras de uma mesma área (NW e SE). Os dados de geofísica sugerem que este lineamento seja a continuidade de uma zona de falhas a nordeste do Pantanal associada ao Lineamento Transbrasiliano. O conjunto dos dados caracteriza o lineamento estudado como um limite ambiental entre áreas que inundam com diferentes frequências e durações. Em função da extensão, linearidade e contexto tectônico, considera-se que o lineamento seja a expressão na vegetação de falha com componente vertical de rejeito, mostrando a importância da neotectônica na diversidade ambiental do Pantanal. / The Pantanal is an active quaternary sedimentary basin of low slope that is being filled mainly by fluvial megafans. Despite having a flat relief and a geology at first glance monotonous, the Pantanal is a mosaic of different environments. The presence, intensity, and duration of floods are considered the most important cause of environmental variability, implying that small variations in the relief have a drastic floristic and phenological influence. These spatially expressive variations generate vegetation lineaments and stream captures and are associated to neotectonics, responsible for the seismicity of this basin. In order to analyze this vegetation lineament, several data sources were used, including remote sensing images, aeromagnetometry data and floristic data obtained in the field. The main tool was a series of 15 years of MODIS sensor NDVI images (345 composite images of 16 days). With these images, the land surface phenology (LSP) was approached in the region of the lineament, which presents a remarkable variability. Both continuous and one-year average temporal profiles and a series of phenological metrics were obtained, which were analyzed with the aid of swath profiles and statistical data. The LSP results demonstrated the important senescence associated with the drought period occurring only in the SE portion of the lineament, while the NW vegetation remaining green even in the months without expressive rains. TRMM data (2001-2015) showed that there is not a great difference in the rainfall of the region of the lineament, and when compared to the NDVI data, allowed to demonstrate a greater relation between greenness of the vegetation and rainfall to the SE of the lineament and independence of the greenness to the local rainfall to NW. Despite the indication that the NW region is lower than the SE region, this cannot prove by the SRTM digital elevation model. The floristic data obtained in 17 forest plots at an advanced regeneration stage were treated in three approaches: ordering the Jaccard (J) similarity indices, hierarchical clustering of these indices and obtaining the J considering the plots made on each side of the lineament as samples from the same region (NW and SE). The geophysical data suggest that this lineament is the continuity of a fault zone northeast of the Pantanal associated with the TransBrasilian Lineament. The data set characterizes the studied lineament as an environmental boundary between areas that flood with different frequencies and durations. Due to the extension, linearity and tectonic context, it is considered that the lineament is the expression in the vegetation of a fault with vertical displacement component, showing the importance of neotectonics in the environmental diversity of the Pantanal.
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Lineamento regional no norte do Pantanal separando áreas de vegetação fenológica e floristicamente distintas: evidências de diversidade ambiental originada por neotectônica / not availableEduardo Francisco Ribeiro 27 April 2017 (has links)
O Pantanal é uma bacia sedimentar quaternária ativa de baixa declividade que vem sendo preenchida principalmente por megaleques fluviais. Apesar de possuir um relevo plano e uma geologia à primeira vista monótona, o Pantanal é um mosaico de ambientes distintos. A presença, intensidade e duração das inundações é considerada a mais importante causa da variabilidade ambiental, implicando que pequenas variações no relevo tenham drástica influência florística e fenológica. Estas variações espacialmente expressivas geram lineamentos de vegetação e captura de drenagens e estão associadas à neotectônica, também responsável pela sismicidade desta bacia. Para analisar este lineamento de vegetação, foram utilizadas diversas fontes de dados, incluindo imagens de sensoriamento remoto, dados de aeromagnetometria e dados florísticos obtidos em campo. A principal ferramenta foi uma série de 15 anos de imagens NDVI do sensor MODIS (345 imagens compostas de 16 dias). Com estas imagens foi abordada a fenologia da superfície terrestre (FSP) na área do lineamento, a qual apresenta uma notável variabilidade. Foram obtidos perfis temporais tanto contínuos como de um ano médio e uma série de métricas fenológicas, as quais foram analisadas com o auxílio de perfis de varredura e dados estatísticos. Os resultados da FSP demostraram a importante senescência associada ao período de seca ocorrendo apenas na porção a SE do lineamento, com a vegetação a NW permanecendo verde mesmo nos meses sem chuvas expressivas. Dados TRMM (2001-2015) mostram não haver grande diferença na pluviosidade da área do lineamento, e, quando comparados aos dados de NDVI, permitiram demonstrar maior relação entre verdor da vegetação e pluviosidade a SE do lineamento e independência do verdor às chuvas locais a NW. Apesar da indicação de que a área NW está mais baixa do que a área SE, isto não pode ser comprovado pelo modelo digital de elevação SRTM. Os dados florísticos obtidos em 17 parcelas de cobertura florestal em avançado estágio de reflorestação foram tratados em três abordagens: ordenação dos índices de similaridade de Jaccard (J), agrupamento hierárquico destes índices e obtenção do J considerando as parcelas feitas de cada lado do lineamento como amostras de uma mesma área (NW e SE). Os dados de geofísica sugerem que este lineamento seja a continuidade de uma zona de falhas a nordeste do Pantanal associada ao Lineamento Transbrasiliano. O conjunto dos dados caracteriza o lineamento estudado como um limite ambiental entre áreas que inundam com diferentes frequências e durações. Em função da extensão, linearidade e contexto tectônico, considera-se que o lineamento seja a expressão na vegetação de falha com componente vertical de rejeito, mostrando a importância da neotectônica na diversidade ambiental do Pantanal. / The Pantanal is an active quaternary sedimentary basin of low slope that is being filled mainly by fluvial megafans. Despite having a flat relief and a geology at first glance monotonous, the Pantanal is a mosaic of different environments. The presence, intensity, and duration of floods are considered the most important cause of environmental variability, implying that small variations in the relief have a drastic floristic and phenological influence. These spatially expressive variations generate vegetation lineaments and stream captures and are associated to neotectonics, responsible for the seismicity of this basin. In order to analyze this vegetation lineament, several data sources were used, including remote sensing images, aeromagnetometry data and floristic data obtained in the field. The main tool was a series of 15 years of MODIS sensor NDVI images (345 composite images of 16 days). With these images, the land surface phenology (LSP) was approached in the region of the lineament, which presents a remarkable variability. Both continuous and one-year average temporal profiles and a series of phenological metrics were obtained, which were analyzed with the aid of swath profiles and statistical data. The LSP results demonstrated the important senescence associated with the drought period occurring only in the SE portion of the lineament, while the NW vegetation remaining green even in the months without expressive rains. TRMM data (2001-2015) showed that there is not a great difference in the rainfall of the region of the lineament, and when compared to the NDVI data, allowed to demonstrate a greater relation between greenness of the vegetation and rainfall to the SE of the lineament and independence of the greenness to the local rainfall to NW. Despite the indication that the NW region is lower than the SE region, this cannot prove by the SRTM digital elevation model. The floristic data obtained in 17 forest plots at an advanced regeneration stage were treated in three approaches: ordering the Jaccard (J) similarity indices, hierarchical clustering of these indices and obtaining the J considering the plots made on each side of the lineament as samples from the same region (NW and SE). The geophysical data suggest that this lineament is the continuity of a fault zone northeast of the Pantanal associated with the TransBrasilian Lineament. The data set characterizes the studied lineament as an environmental boundary between areas that flood with different frequencies and durations. Due to the extension, linearity and tectonic context, it is considered that the lineament is the expression in the vegetation of a fault with vertical displacement component, showing the importance of neotectonics in the environmental diversity of the Pantanal.
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Lineament Analysis From Satellite Images, North-west Of TurkeySarp, Gulcan 01 September 2005 (has links) (PDF)
The purposes of this study are to extract lineaments from satellite images in order to contribute to the understanding of the faults. Landsat image is used for the analysis which is processed for both automated and manual extraction. During manual extraction four methods (filtering, PCA, band rationing and color composites) are used. Comparison of the two output maps indicated that manual extraction produced better results.
Manually extracted lineament map is tested with the fault map of the area compiled from eight studies. The accuracy of the lineament map for the whole area is 38.69 % which increases to 50.28 % in the vicinity of North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ).
Evaluation of the length, density and orientation of the lineaments indicated that: a) there are fault zones in the area other than the NAFZ, b) Several fault segments are identified in the region which are absent in the fault map due the difficulty in mapping during the field studies / c) the dominant lineament trend is NE-SW (parallel to the NAFZ), however, a second trend is obvious in NW-SE direction.
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AnÃlise da tectÃnica rÃptil associada a uma porÃÃo do lineamento transbrasiliano da RegiÃo Noroeste do Cearà integrando dados de campo, magnetomÃtricos e de sensoriamento remoto / Analysis brittle tectonics associated with a portion of the Cearà Transbrasiliano Lineament northwest region Integrating field data, magnetometric and sensingDayana Cristina Macedo de Melo 18 December 2014 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / The brittle tectonic analyzed in this work is referring to an area that represents a portion of the Transbrasiliano Lineament (TL), in northwest of Cearà State, comprising part of CarirÃ, PacujÃ, GraÃa and Reriutabaâs county and the geological context is the basement (Cearà Complex-Canindà Unit) and Jaibaras and Parnaiba Basin (Jaibaras Group-Pacuja Formation and Serra Grande Group, respectively). This study aims to characterize the brittle structures associated to the TL, through integration of remote sensing (SRTM-Topodata and Landsat 7 ETM+), geophysics (Magnetometry) and field data information. From SRTM-Topodata images there were obtained drainage system and hillshade images in N, NE, E and NW directions. Color composition images RGB 743 and 431 derived from Landsat 7 ETM+. The combination of these products permitted the visualization of lineaments that were vectorized to compare to other data. The processed magnetometric data allowed to obtain the anomalous magnetic field and the elaboration of other products through application of variable filters, such as: horizontal and vertical Derived, analytic signal amplitude and analytic signal inclination. They were assets to identify lineaments and define magnetic domains. Anomalous magnetic their depth estimated by Euler deconvolution and matched filter application. The fracture planesâ rosette diagram elaborated from field measures composed parameters to compare the lineaments extracted from the products aforementioned. Itâs evident, from the integration of all information, that the main direction of the TL (NE-SW) is compatible with the brittle structures observed in the area, as well as the N-S and NW-SE lineaments, that are potentially related with translative/extensional tectonic of TL. The E-W direction, which is late to TL and appears in the basement as the basins. The comparative analysis of the data suggests a tectonic control from TL over Jaibaras and Parnaiba Basins, through structures reactivation in NE and NW directions. / A tectÃnica rÃptil analisada neste trabalho à referente a uma Ãrea que detÃm uma porÃÃo do Lineamento Transbrasiliano (LT), situada na regiÃo Noroeste do Estado do CearÃ. Esta Ãrea abrange parte dos municÃpios de CarirÃ, PacujÃ, GraÃa e Reriutaba. O contexto geolÃgico abrange o embasamento (Complexo CearÃ-Unidade CanindÃ) e as bacias Jaibaras (Grupo Jaibaras- FormaÃÃo PacujÃ) e ParnaÃba (Grupo Serra Grande). Este estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar as estruturas rÃpteis associadas ao LT, atravÃs da integraÃÃo de informaÃÃes oriundas de sensores remotos (SRTM-Topodata e Landsat 7 ETM+), geofÃsica (magnetometria) e dados de campo. A partir das imagens SRTM-Topodata obteveram-se o traÃo da rede de drenagem e as imagens com sombreamento de relevo nas direÃÃes N, NE, E, NW. As imagens Landsat 7 ETM+ as imagens foram analisadas em composiÃÃes coloridas RGB 743 e 431. Estes produtos integrados permitiram a visualizaÃÃo de lineamentos que foram vetorizados para posterior comparaÃÃo com outros dados. Os dados magnetomÃtricos foram processados permitindo a obtenÃÃo do campo magnÃtico anÃmalo na Ãrea de estudo, e a elaboraÃÃo de produtos grÃficos atravÃs da aplicaÃÃo de diferentes filtros, tais como: Derivada horizontal e derivadas verticais, amplitude do sinal analÃtico, inclinaÃÃo do sinal analÃtico, os quais permitiram identificar lineamentos e definir domÃnios magnÃticos. As anomalias magnÃticas tiveram suas profundidades estimadas atravÃs da deconvoluÃÃo de Euler e da aplicaÃÃo de filtro matched. Os diagramas de roseta elaborados a partir de medidas de campo de direÃÃes dos planos de fratura constituÃram parÃmetros para comparaÃÃo com os lineamentos extraÃdos dos outros produtos. A integraÃÃo das informaÃÃes evidencia que a principal direÃÃo do LT (NE-SW) à compatÃvel com as estruturas rÃpteis observadas na Ãrea de estudo, assim como as direÃÃes N-S e NW-SE potencialmente relacionadas com a tectÃnica transtativa/extensional do LT. A direÃÃo E-W tardia ao LT aparece tanto no embasamento como nas bacias. A anÃlise comparativa dos dados sugere um controle tectÃnico do LT nas bacias Jaibaras e ParnaÃba, atravÃs da reativaÃÃo de estruturas nas direÃÃes NE e NW.
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