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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

The influence of HIV infection on vascular function in an African population / Catharina Maria Theresia Fourie

Fourie, Catharina Maria Theresia January 2010 (has links)
Thesis ((Ph.D. (Physiology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
32

The influence of HIV infection on vascular function in an African population / Catharina Maria Theresia Fourie

Fourie, Catharina Maria Theresia January 2010 (has links)
Thesis ((Ph.D. (Physiology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
33

ASPECTOS PSICOLÓGICOS DE PACIENTES COM HIV/AIDS E LIPODISTROFIA ATENDIDOS NO HOSPITAL HELIÓPOLIS / Psychological aspects of patients with HIV / AIDS and lipodystrophy treated at the Hospital Heliopolis

Muller, Sandra Maria 27 September 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:34:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sandra Maria Muller.pdf: 4207788 bytes, checksum: 6fd0d2cdac615bd371342ab417e5122c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-27 / The epidemic of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is currently a phenomenon of great magnitude and extent in global health. The lipodystrophy syndrome is a change that affects the body self-image and sexuality, increasing the stigma of the disease and causing difficulties in adherence to treatment and social relations. OBJECTIVES: a) describe aspects of the psychodynamics of HIV / AIDS affected and not affected by lipodystrophy, focusing the defense mechanisms used; b) investigate the perception of body image in HIV / AIDS affected and not affected by lipodystrophy syndrome; c) identify similarities and differences in perceptions of body image in HIV / AIDS patients affected by lipodystrophy with those not affected. METHOD: Eight patients were selected by convenience criterion in the outpatient Clinic of Infectious Diseases of Heliopolis Hospital. We used an Interview Guide - designed and developed with specific questions for the target audience, and the Drawing of the Human Figure projective personality test graphic; the analysis of the data, as indicated by the instrumental, aided by reading the contents of clinical-psychological diagnosis. RESULTS: In both groups the data pointed to common characteristics regarding the internal psychodynamics and the perception of body image. Primitive defensive resources were used in most featuring the dysfunction of body image and a rigid egoic control though fragile. It was noticed how much is distressing for these patients deal not only with self-image as well as sexuality. CONCLUSIONS: Monitoring programs for HIV / AIDS should consider how these patients need to be followed in psychotherapy. Health promotion should take into account not only improves the quality of life, but also seek to understand how these women relate and how they exert their sexuality. / A epidemia da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (aids) é, atualmente, um fenômeno de grande magnitude e extensão na saúde mundial. A síndrome de lipodistrofia é uma alteração que afeta a autoimagem corporal e a sexualidade, aumentando o estigma da doença e ocasionando dificuldades na adesão ao tratamento e nas relações sociais. OBJETIVOS: a) descrever aspectos da psicodinâmica de pacientes HIV/aids acometidos e não acometidos pela lipodistrofia, dando enfoque aos mecanismos de defesa utilizados ; b) investigar a percepção de imagem corporal em pacientes HIV/aids acometidos e não acometidos pela síndrome de lipodistrofia; c) identificar semelhanças e diferenças de percepção de imagem corporal em pacientes HIV/aids acometidos pela lipodistrofia com aqueles não acometidos. MÉTODO: Foram selecionados oito pacientes por critério de conveniência do ambulatório da Clínica de Infectologia do Hospital Heliópolis. Foram utilizados um Roteiro de Entrevista e o Desenho da Figura Humana DFH teste projetivo gráfico de personalidade; a análise dos dados foram submetidos à análise qualitativa conforme indicação do instrumental, auxiliados pela leitura do conteúdo clinico-diagnóstico psicológico. RESULTADOS: Nos dois grupos os dados apontaram para características em comum quanto à psicodinâmica interna e à percepção de imagem corporal. Recursos defensivos primitivos foram os mais utilizados caracterizando a presença de disfunção da imagem corporal e um controle egóico rígido, embora frágil. Percebeu-se o quanto é angustiante, para estas pacientes, lidar não somente com a autoimagem como também com a sexualidade. CONCLUSÕES: Os programas de acompanhamento ao HIV/aids devem considerar o quanto essas pacientes necessitam de ser acompanhadas em psicoterapia. A promoção de saúde deve levar em conta não somente a melhora da qualidade de vida, mas também buscar compreender como estas mulheres se relacionam e de que forma exercem a sua sexualidade.
34

Efeitos da terapia fonoaudiológica miofuncional em adolescentes vivendo com HIV/AIDS e lipoatrofia facial / Effects of speech language pathology myofunctional therapy in adolescents living with HIV/AIDS and facial lipoatrophy

Jesus Claudio Gabana da Silveira 03 May 2011 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A AIDS deixou de ser uma doença aguda, tendo como desfecho morte imediata. Com o advento da terapia antirretroviral potente, controlou-se o vírus da imunodeficiência humana, tornando a AIDS uma doença crônica. Entretanto, a terapia antirretroviral potente possui reações adversas, sendo uma delas a síndrome lipodistrófica do HIV. Uma das manifestações desta síndrome é a lipoatrofia facial: perda de gordura na face. O Ministério da Saúde do Brasil normatizou a aplicação de polimetilmetacrilato para reabilitação da face. Porém, crianças e adolescentes não podem realizar tal procedimento. Para esta população, o presente trabalho propõe a terapia miofuncional. Objetivo: Verificar os efeitos da terapia fonoaudiológica miofuncional em adolescentes vivendo com HIV/AIDS, contraído por transmisão vertical, com lipoatrofia facial. Métodos: Realizou-se avaliação fonoaudiológica antes e depois de 12 sessões de terapia fonoaudiológica, utilizando avaliação estrutural, medidas antropométricas da face, registro fotográfico, peso e altura, índice de lipoatrofia facial (ILA) e índice de incapacidade facial índice de bem-estar social (IIF-IBES). Na terapia fonoaudiológica, utilizou-se exercícios isotônicos e isométricos para face, bochechas e língua. Foram coletados os últimos dados, como a contagem de CD4, a carga viral, e o histórico da terapia antirretroviral utilizada. Resultados: Dos 15 pacientes estudados, 10 tinham lipoatrofia facial, mensurada através do ILA. Quatro completaram as todas as sessões de terapia fonoaudiológica. Nestes pacientes, as medidas antropométricas da face ficaram mais harmônicas, corroborando com os achados do registro fotográfico e da avaliação estrutural. Aumentou-se sutilmente o ILA em três pacientes. Conclusão: A terapia fonoaudiológica mostrou-se eficaz no tratamento da lipoatrofia facial leve. Considera-se importante a readequação das funções estomatognáticas quando necessário. Outras demandas fonoaudiológicas surgiram na população estudada. / Nowadays, AIDS is no longer an acute disease that leads to immediate death. Since the discovery of a highly active antiretroviral therapy, the human immunodeficiency virus is likely to be controlled, so that AIDS became a chronic state. Nevertheless, such a treatment gave rise to adverse reactions such as, for instance, HIV-associated lipodystrophy. Among the signs resulting from this syndrome, patients may present facial lipoatrophy, namely a loss of fat in the face. In these cases, Brazilian Ministry of Health determined the mandatory application of polymethyl metacrylate for the reconstitution of the face. However, considering that neither children nor teenagers are able to undergo such a procedure, the present work proposes a myofunctional therapy to this specific population. Objective: To assess the effects of myofunctional therapy on teenagers living with HIV/AIDS, who were infected through vertical transmission and present facial lipoatrophy. Methods: A speech language pathology assessment was performed before and after 12 speech-language pathology therapeutic sessions, by using structural evaluation, anthropometic measurements of the face, photographic registration, weight and height, as well as facial lipoatrophy index (ILA), and both facial disability - social well-being indexes (IIF-IBES). During the speech-language pathology treatment, patients were submitted to isotonic and isometric exercises for the face, cheeks and tongue. Then, we obtained the last data, such as CD4 count, viral load, and also checked the history of antiretroviral therapy that was administrated. Results: Among 15 patients studied, 10 presented facial lipoatrophy, as measured through ILA. Four of them completed all the speech language pathology therapeutic sessions. In these patients, the anthropometric measures of the face became more harmonious, thus corroborating the findings obtained from photographical registration and from structural evaluation. In three patients, ILA showed a subtle increase. Conclusion: Speech-language pathology therapy was found to be efficient to treat mild cases of facial lipoatrophy. Whenever necessary, a readaptation of stomatognathic functions is considered to be quite relevant. Besides, the studied population presented other speech language pathology requirements.
35

Composição corporal e componentes da síndrome metabólica nos diferentes subtipos de lipodistrofia associada ao HIV

Sacilotto, Lívia Bertazzo January 2017 (has links)
Orientador: Paulo Câmara Marques Pereira / Resumo: A lipodistrofia associada ao HIV (LAHIV) é caracterizada pela redistribuição de gordura corporal, sendo uma das consequências da introdução da terapia antirretroviral (TARV) e relacionada ao aumento do risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. Seu diagnóstico é subjetivo e classificado em três tipos, de acordo com a região corporal em que há perda e/ou acúmulo de gordura, a saber, lipoatrofia, lipohipertrofia e lipodistrofia mista, acompanhada ou não de alterações metabólicas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar a associação dos diferentes subtipos de LAHIV em pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids com os componentes da síndrome metabólica e composição corporal. Foram avaliados dados clínicos, imunológicos, metabólicos, antropométricos e composição corporal de 40 pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids em acompanhamento ambulatorial e uso regular de TARV, de ambos os sexos, com diagnóstico clínico de LAHIV. Os principais achados do estudo foram maiores alterações de perfil lipídico entre as mulheres. Não houve diferença estatística entre os subtipos para o perfil metabólico. As principais alterações foram identificadas no grupo lipohipertrofia, que tiveram maiores valores de porcentual de gordura corporal total, área de gordura visceral (AGV), índice de massa corpórea (IMC) e circunferências abdominal e do pescoço em relação aos outros dois grupos. A massa magra foi superior apenas em relação ao grupo lipodistrofia mista e a massa de gordura em relação ao grupo lipoatrof... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre
36

Efeitos da terapia fonoaudiológica miofuncional em adolescentes vivendo com HIV/AIDS e lipoatrofia facial / Effects of speech language pathology myofunctional therapy in adolescents living with HIV/AIDS and facial lipoatrophy

Jesus Claudio Gabana da Silveira 03 May 2011 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A AIDS deixou de ser uma doença aguda, tendo como desfecho morte imediata. Com o advento da terapia antirretroviral potente, controlou-se o vírus da imunodeficiência humana, tornando a AIDS uma doença crônica. Entretanto, a terapia antirretroviral potente possui reações adversas, sendo uma delas a síndrome lipodistrófica do HIV. Uma das manifestações desta síndrome é a lipoatrofia facial: perda de gordura na face. O Ministério da Saúde do Brasil normatizou a aplicação de polimetilmetacrilato para reabilitação da face. Porém, crianças e adolescentes não podem realizar tal procedimento. Para esta população, o presente trabalho propõe a terapia miofuncional. Objetivo: Verificar os efeitos da terapia fonoaudiológica miofuncional em adolescentes vivendo com HIV/AIDS, contraído por transmisão vertical, com lipoatrofia facial. Métodos: Realizou-se avaliação fonoaudiológica antes e depois de 12 sessões de terapia fonoaudiológica, utilizando avaliação estrutural, medidas antropométricas da face, registro fotográfico, peso e altura, índice de lipoatrofia facial (ILA) e índice de incapacidade facial índice de bem-estar social (IIF-IBES). Na terapia fonoaudiológica, utilizou-se exercícios isotônicos e isométricos para face, bochechas e língua. Foram coletados os últimos dados, como a contagem de CD4, a carga viral, e o histórico da terapia antirretroviral utilizada. Resultados: Dos 15 pacientes estudados, 10 tinham lipoatrofia facial, mensurada através do ILA. Quatro completaram as todas as sessões de terapia fonoaudiológica. Nestes pacientes, as medidas antropométricas da face ficaram mais harmônicas, corroborando com os achados do registro fotográfico e da avaliação estrutural. Aumentou-se sutilmente o ILA em três pacientes. Conclusão: A terapia fonoaudiológica mostrou-se eficaz no tratamento da lipoatrofia facial leve. Considera-se importante a readequação das funções estomatognáticas quando necessário. Outras demandas fonoaudiológicas surgiram na população estudada. / Nowadays, AIDS is no longer an acute disease that leads to immediate death. Since the discovery of a highly active antiretroviral therapy, the human immunodeficiency virus is likely to be controlled, so that AIDS became a chronic state. Nevertheless, such a treatment gave rise to adverse reactions such as, for instance, HIV-associated lipodystrophy. Among the signs resulting from this syndrome, patients may present facial lipoatrophy, namely a loss of fat in the face. In these cases, Brazilian Ministry of Health determined the mandatory application of polymethyl metacrylate for the reconstitution of the face. However, considering that neither children nor teenagers are able to undergo such a procedure, the present work proposes a myofunctional therapy to this specific population. Objective: To assess the effects of myofunctional therapy on teenagers living with HIV/AIDS, who were infected through vertical transmission and present facial lipoatrophy. Methods: A speech language pathology assessment was performed before and after 12 speech-language pathology therapeutic sessions, by using structural evaluation, anthropometic measurements of the face, photographic registration, weight and height, as well as facial lipoatrophy index (ILA), and both facial disability - social well-being indexes (IIF-IBES). During the speech-language pathology treatment, patients were submitted to isotonic and isometric exercises for the face, cheeks and tongue. Then, we obtained the last data, such as CD4 count, viral load, and also checked the history of antiretroviral therapy that was administrated. Results: Among 15 patients studied, 10 presented facial lipoatrophy, as measured through ILA. Four of them completed all the speech language pathology therapeutic sessions. In these patients, the anthropometric measures of the face became more harmonious, thus corroborating the findings obtained from photographical registration and from structural evaluation. In three patients, ILA showed a subtle increase. Conclusion: Speech-language pathology therapy was found to be efficient to treat mild cases of facial lipoatrophy. Whenever necessary, a readaptation of stomatognathic functions is considered to be quite relevant. Besides, the studied population presented other speech language pathology requirements.
37

Estudo de dados e laboratoriais de pacientes com aids e lipodistrofia atendidos no Programa de Lipodistrofia do Hospital Heliópolis / Study of clinical and laboratory data of patients with AIDS and lipodystrophy met in Lipodystrophy Program of Heliopolis Hospital

Heverton Zambrini 07 October 2011 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: O termo lipodistrofia associada ao HIV foi introduzido aproximadamente dois anos após o início do uso dos inibidores da protease e, desde então, várias definições têm sido utilizadas para descrever a extensão das complicações morfológicas e metabólicas associadas à infecção pelo HIV e à terapia antirretroviral. Inúmeros estudos clínicos têm sido desenvolvidos nos últimos 10 anos com o objetivo de melhor definir as alterações corporais associadas à infecção pelo HIV e identificar os fatores de riscos dependentes ou independentes a essas alterações. MÉTODO: Neste estudo transversal retrospectivo realizado entre 01 de abril de 2006 e 31 de março de 2008 foram levantados os dados de 341 pacientes com HIV/ AIDS e lipodistrofia encaminhados para realização de procedimentos corretivos cirúrgicos no Hospital Heliópolis-SP. Os principais dados coletados foram: perfil fenotípico da lipodistrofia, dados laboratoriais relativos aos valores de colesterol, HDL-colesterol, LDL-colesterol, triglicérides, glicemia, contagem de células CD4, carga viral do HIV e medidas antropométricas. Foi realizada a análise da associação da síndrome metabólica com a lipodistrofia e a associação dos dados antropométricos indicativos de maior risco cardiovascular com a lipodistrofia. RESULTADOS: do total de pacientes, 198 (58,1%) eram do sexo feminino e 143 (41,9%) do sexo masculino, com predomínio de idade na faixa dos 40-49 anos. A mediana do tempo de diagnóstico da infecção pelo HIV foi de 10 anos e em 55,7% dos pacientes o tempo de terapia antirretroviral foi superior a 24 meses. Na avaliação dos dados laboratoriais, 44,3% dos pacientes apresentaram elevação dos níveis de colesterol (>200mg/dl), 55,7% redução do HDL-colesterol (<40mg/dl e <50 mg/dl respectivamente para sexo masculino e feminino), 34,3% elevação do LDL-c, 63,6% elevação dos triglicérides e 31,7% elevação da glicemia. A síndrome metabólica esteve presente em 40,2% de acordo com os critérios do NCEP-ATPIII. Os dados antropométricos utilizados para avaliar grau de nutrição ( índice de massa corporal, circunferência muscular do braço e circunferência do braço) mostraram desnutrição em 6,5%, 7,4% e 16,4% respectivamente; eutrofia em 56%, 67,6% e 75,4% respectivamente ; excesso de peso/obesidade em 37,5% , 25% e 8,2% respectivamente. A porcentagem de gordura corporal calculada utilizando as dobras cutâneas demonstrou um excesso de gordura corporal em 85,9% dos pacientes. As variáveis antropométricas que sugerem risco para doença cardiovascular (circunferência da cintura e relação cintura-quadril) estavam elevadas em 61,3% e 89,4% respectivamente. O padrão fenotípico da lipodistrofia encontrado foi: 57,8% forma mista, 21,7% lipoatrofia e 20,5% lipohipertrofia. Na estratificação por gênero e fenótipos, a lipoatrofia facial foi mais prevalente no sexo masculino (62,2%) e a lipoatrofia glútea no sexo feminino (74,3%) enquanto que a lipohipertrofia abdominal foi mais prevalente em ambos os sexos (40,5% sexo feminino e 12,5% sexo masculino). CONCLUSÕES: O estudo mostra uma relação da lipodistrofia com os indicadores antropométricos com forte associação ao aumento de risco cardiovascular. Houve uma associação elevada da lipodistrofia com síndrome metabólica. A análise do perfil metabólico se mostrou desfavorável nesta população estudada corroborando para o aumento de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. As características clínicas gerais dos pacientes neste estudo podem demonstrar um estágio mais avançado da lipodistrofia com as alterações metabólicas mais significativas / INTRODUCTION: The term \"HIV-associated lipodystrophy\" has been introduced about two years after the start of the use of protease inhibitors and, since then, various definitions have been used to describe the extent of morphological complications and metabolic diseases associated with HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy. Numerous clinical studies have been developed in the last 10 years with the goal of better define the body changes associated with HIV infection and identify dependent or independent risk factors. METHOD: In this retrospective cross-sectional study conducted between 1 April 2006 and 31 March 2008 were collected data from 341 patients with HIV / AIDS and Lipodystrophy referred to perform corrective surgical procedures at Hospital Heliopolis, São Paulo. The main data collected were: phenotypic profile of lipodystrophy, data laboratory values for cholesterol, HDL- cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, blood sugar, count CD4 cell count, HIV viral load and anthropometric measures. Associations analysis were performed between the metabolic syndrome and lipodystrophy and between the anthropometric data indicative of increased cardiovascular risk with lipodystrophy. RESULTS: of the total patients, 198 (58.1%) were female and 143 (41.9%) were male, with a predominance of old in the range of 40-49 years. The median time of diagnosis of HIV infection was 10 years and 55.7% of the patients had the time of antiretroviral therapy longer than 24 months. In evaluating laboratory data, 44.3% of patients has elevated levels of cholesterol (> 200mg/dl), 55.7% reduction HDL-cholesterol (<40mg/dl and <50 mg / dl respectively for sex male and female), 34.3% increase in LDL-C, 63.6% increase 31.7% triglycerides and high glucose level. Metabolic syndrome was present in 40.2% according to the criteria of NCEP-ATPIII. The anthropometric data used to evaluate level of nutrition (body mass index, circumference arm muscle and arm circumference) showed malnutrition at 6.5%, 7.4% and 16.4% respectively, eutrophic status in 56%, 67.6% and 75.4% respectively, overweight / obesity status in 37.5%, 25% and 8.2% respectively. The percentage of fat calculated using the body skinfolds showed a excess body fat in 85.9% of patients. Variables suggest that anthropometric risk for cardiovascular disease (waist circumference and waist-hip ratio) were elevated in 61.3% and 89.4% respectively. The pattern of phenotypic lipodystrophy was found: 57.8% of mixed form, 21.7% of lipoatrophy and 20.5% of lipohypertrophy . When stratifying by gender and phenotypes, the facial lipoatrophy was more prevalent in male (62.2%) and buttock lipoatrophy in females (74.3%) while the abdominal lipohypertrophy was more prevalent in both sexes (40.5% female and 12.5% male). CONCLUSIONS: The study shows a relationship between lipodystrophy and anthropometric indicators with increased cardiovascular risk. There was an association of high lipodystrophy and metabolic syndrome. Profile metabolic analysis proved negative in the population studied corroborating to the increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The general clinical characteristics of patients in this study may demonstrate a advanced stage of lipodystrophy with more significant metabolic abnormalities
38

Adipocyte mTORC1 Signaling Separately Regulates Metabolic Homeostasis and Adipose Tissue Mass, Independent of RagGTPase Activity

Lee, Peter L. 05 July 2018 (has links)
Metabolic disorders are commonly associated with obesity, a condition where excess caloric intake leads to massive adipose tissue (AT) expansion and eventual dysfunction. When adipose tissue loses its ability to store excess energy properly, lipids accumulate in non-adipose tissues such as liver, and muscle. This ectopic lipid deposition is a significant risk factor in the development of a collection of disorders described as metabolic syndrome. While metabolic syndrome is typically linked with obesity, patients who have an inability to develop adipose tissue depots (lipodystrophy) develop similar clinical outcomes. There is evidence that aberrant mTORC1 signaling may occur in both settings, and may be a factor that contributes to adipose dysfunction. I find that adipocyte specific loss of Raptor, a key mTORC1 subunit, leads to progressive lipoatrophy, and associated metabolic dysfunction including AT inflammation, hepatosteatosis, and insulin resistance. Interestingly, inhibition of autophagy, a pathway upregulated during Raptordeletion, prevents lipoatrophy but does not protect from ectopic lipid deposition and AT inflammation. These results suggest that outputs of mTORC1 in adipocytes individually regulate adipocyte storage capacity, and AT health. Furthermore, ablation of the amino acid sensing RagGTPases, thought to be necessary for mTORC1 activity, does not phenocopy Raptor KO, suggesting RagGTPase independent functions of mTORC1 in adipocytes. RagA/B deletion, however, did consistently increase Ucp1 expression in WAT, indicating a possible noncanonical role of the Rags in regulating Ucp1. Overall, these studies advance our understanding of regulation of adipose tissue metabolism, and shed light on previously unstudied nutrient specific signaling pathways in adipocytes.
39

From Calcium signaling to Adipose tissue: Deciphering novel therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease

Letizia, Marilena 27 January 2023 (has links)
Colitis ulcerosa (CU) und Morbus Crohn (MC) zählen zur Gruppe der chronischen Darmerkrankungen (CED). Im Gegensatz zu CU lässt sich bei MC eine transmurale Entzündung und eine Ummantelung des entzündeten Dünndarms mit mesenterialen Fettgewebe, dem sogenannten “creeping fat”, feststellen. In dieser Arbeit wurden zwei verschiedene Mechanismen der Immunregulation in der Pathogenese von CED untersucht: 1) Der SOCE-Signalweg (store-operated Ca2+ entry) stellt eine wichtige Signalkaskade dar, die die Aktivierung von T-Zellen steuert. Wir haben die Auswirkung einer pharmakologischen Blockade von SOCE auf die Funktion von Immunzellen untersucht, die aus der intestinalen Mukosa therapierefraktärer CED-Patienten isoliert wurden. Anschließend konnten wir die Sicherheit einer systemischen Verabreichung von SOCE-Inhibitoren in vivo im einem murinen IBD-Modell bestätigen und zeigen, dass die Blockade von SOCE eine therapeutische Option für die Behandlung von CED darstellen könnte. 2) Darüber hinaus untersuchten wir, ob das Fehlen von Fettgewebe eine entzündungsfördernde oder -hemmende Rolle bei der Entstehung von CED spielt. Daher wurde die Zusammensetzung des mukosalen Immunsystems sowie die Funktion der intestinalen Epithelbarriere in einem Mausmodell mit Adipozytenatrophie sowohl im steady-state als auch nach induzierter Kolitis verglichen. Wir konnten zeigen, dass eine Fettgewebsatrophie vor dem Ausbruch einer Kolitis schützt, und führte zu einer erhöhten Resistenz der intestinalen Barriere. Schließlich verglichen wir die Merkmale des lipoatrophischen Mausmodells mit denen eines seltenen Patienten mit erworbener Lipodystrophie und MC und kamen zu dem Schluss, dass die chirurgische Resektion von mesenterialen Fettgewebes für Patienten mit einem MC, bei denen eine intestinale Resektionen durchgeführt wird, sinnvoll sein könnte. / Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic intestinal autoimmune disorders, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). In contrast to UC, CD is characterized by transmural inflammation and mesenteric adipose tissue wrapping the inflamed small intestine, known as "creeping fat." Despite all currently available drug therapies, treating IBD remains a major challenge, underlying the necessity of identifying new therapeutic targets. In this work, two different mechanisms of immune regulation in the pathogenesis of IBD were investigated: First, because the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) signaling pathway is a crucial Ca2+ signaling cascade for T cell activation, we investigated the effect of pharmacological SOCE-blockade on intestinal immune cells isolated from therapy refractory IBD patients. Subsequently, we confirmed the efficacy and safety of systemic administration of SOCE inhibitors in vivo in an IBD murine model, demonstrating that the blockade of SOCE may represent a therapeutic option for treating IBD. Second, we investigated whether adipose tissue plays a pro- or anti-inflammatory role in the development of IBD. Therefore, we characterized the mucosal immune system and intestinal epithelial barrier in a murine model affected by adipocyte atrophy both at steady-state and after induction of colitis. We demonstrated that lipodystrophy protected against the onset of colitis and increased intestinal barrier resistance. Finally, we compared the lipoatrophic mouse model with a rare patient with acquired generalized lipodystrophy and CD, concluding that adipokines might play a pro-inflammatory role in IBD. Therefore, we suggest that surgical resection of mesenteric adipose tissue in CD patients might be a beneficial intervention in patients undergoing bowel resection.
40

DEVELOPMENT OF QUANTITATIVE MODELS FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF GYNOID LIPODYSTROPHY (CELLULITE)

SMALLS, LOLA ROMING KELLY 14 July 2005 (has links)
No description available.

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