京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第25349号 / 農博第2615号 / 京都大学大学院農学研究科地域環境科学専攻 / (主査)教授 近藤 直, 准教授 小川 雄一, 教授 飯田 訓久 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM

La question alimentaire offre un angle d’attaque privilégié pour aborder quasiment sous tous ses aspects le royaume d’Ougarit tel qu’il est actuellement connu par l’archéologie et l’épigraphie. La présente recherche vise à offrir une vision d’ensemble sur l’alimentation à Ougarit à l’âge du Bronze récent et à approfondir certains points sur le sujet. Les conditions bioclimatiques et naturelles exceptionnelles ont grandement contribué au développement de l’agriculture et de l’élevage qui étaient les premières occupations des Ougaritains. À leur tour, les produits agricoles ont joué un rôle très important dans la vie économique, sociale et religieuse du royaume d’Ougarit : le vin et l’huile ougaritiques, notamment, faisaient l’objet d’échanges commerciaux et étaient exportés vers l’Égypte et vers Chypre. Mais les usages des denrées alimentaires étaient bien plus diversifiés, puisqu’elles entraient en jeu dans plusieurs pratiques symboliques essentielles, comme la rétribution du travail ou des services rendus, l’alimentation des dieux par le biais du culte, la célébration de certaines cérémonies collectives lors de banquets sacrés, etc. Par le rapprochement de l’ensemble des textes administratifs et religieux touchant à l’alimentation, notre travail doit offrir une synthèse permettant d’approfondir la connaissance du royaume d’Ougarit. / The dietary question offers a unique perspective to study almost every aspect of the kingdom of Ugarit, as it is currently known by archeology and epigraphy. The present research aims to provide a comprehensive view of the Ugaritic diet during the late Bronze Age and to develop certain topics. The unique bioclimatic and environmental conditions contributed considerably to the development of crop and livestock farming which was the primary way of life of the Ugaritic people. As regards agricultural products, they played an important role in the economic, social and religious life of the Ugaritians: Ugaritic wine and oil, in particular, were traded commercially and exported to Egypt and Cyprus. Furthermore, the use of foodstuffs was varied: They were used in several essential symbolic practices such as the payment for work or services, religious offerings for the gods as well as in ceremonial celebrations namely sacred banquets. By studying administrative and religious texts dealing with food, our work will provide a synthesis that will expand our understanding of the kingdom of Ugarit.

[pt] O problema de valoração da opção de switch-use da terra é um enigma recorrente e de complexa solução, haja vista a grande variedade de incertezas relacionadas ao agronegócio no Brasil. Nesta dissertação é analisada e valorada essa opção através da abordagem da Teoria de Opções Reais (TOR), desenvolvendo um sistema de gerenciamento de longo prazo, considerando a instalação de um projeto de reflorestamento ou manejo silvipastoril e a existência inicial da pecuária de corte. A resolução do problema de onde e como investir é resolvida por meio da Simulação de Monte Carlo (SMC). As séries históricas de preços da madeira (diâmetros pequeno e médio) e do boi gordo, no período entre 1997 e 2015, são testadas para observar a sua aderência a um modelo estocástico de reversão à média (MRM). Os resultados mostraram que a decisão ótima a ser tomada é a de se investir imediatamente em um manejo silvipastoril, vencendo até mesmo as opções de aguardar e investir posteriormente. Por meio de análise de sensibilidade foram verificados os limites de segurança da decisão. / [en] The valuation problem of switch-use option of the land is a recurring and complex solution puzzle, given the wide range of uncertainties related to agribusiness in Brazil. This dissertation analyzed and valued this option through the approach of Real Options Theory (TOR), developing a long-term management system, considering the installation of a reforestation project or silvipasture management and initial stock of beef cattle. Solving the problem of where and how to invest is resolved through Monte Carlo Simulation (SMC). The historical series of timber prices (small and average diameters) and live cattle in the period between 1997 and 2015, are tested to observe their adherence to a stochastic model of mean reversion (MRM). The results showed that the optimal decision to be taken is to invest immediately in a silvipasture management, winning even the option to wait and invest later. Through sensitivity analysis the safety limits was of the decision are verified.

[pt] Neste trabalho buscou-se analisar a trajetória da evolução da paisagem do Vale do rio Paraíba do Sul (RJ, MG e SP) desde as lavouras de café do século XIX até o cenário atual de pastagens, procurando-se identificar as resultantes socioecológicas desta transformação. Foram combinados dados de campo (entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação direta), dados de censos agropecuários e demográficos e documentos históricos. Os trabalhos de campo foram realizados no município de São José do Barreiro - SP. O objetivo foi reunir as memórias individuais e coletivas de pecuaristas e ex-pecuaristas sobre a distribuição de duas gramíneas, o capim-gordura (Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv.) e a braquiária (Urochloa spp.), através do tempo. Pelo baixo volume de documentação encontrado sobre a formação da atividade da pecuária na região, os relatos colhidos durante as entrevistas propiciaram a compreensão da transição das paisagens, marcadamente a distribuição das gramíneas nas mesmas. As explicações para o decréscimo da atividade cafeicultora e o crescimento da pecuária na região não puderam ser explicadas somente por fatos socioeconômicos. Deve ser ressaltado o papel que os fatores físico-ecológicos, em especial as características eco-fisiológicas das duas espécies de gramíneas desempenharam na moldagem da atual paisagem do Vale do rio Paraíba do Sul. / [en] This work aimed to analyze the landscape evolution of the Paraíba do Sul River Valley (states of RJ, MG and SP) from the 19th century s coffee plantations to the present pasture scenario, identifying the socioecological consequences of this transformation. Field data (semi-structured interviews and direct observation), agricultural and demographic census data, and historical documents were combined. Fieldwork was carried out in the municipality of São José do Barreiro - SP. The objective was to gather the individual and collective memories of cattle ranchers and ex-herdsmen on the distribution of two grasses, the greasy grass (Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv.) and the brachiaria (Urochloa spp.), over time. Due to the low volume of documentation found on the formation of livestock activity in the region, the reports collected during the interviews facilitated the understanding of the landscape transition, notably the distribution of the grasses in them. The explanations for the decrease in coffee-growing activity and the growth of livestock in the region could not be explained only by socioeconomic facts. It should be emphasized the role that the physical-ecological factors, especially the eco-physiological characteristics of the two species of grasses, played in the shape of the Paraíba do Sul River Valley current landscape.

L’objectif de cette thèse est d’interroger la controverse autour de l’élevage et d’en étudier sa dynamique pour analyser le processus par lequel elle aboutit à une transformation des normes sociales. Pour cela, la controverse est abordée par une analyse systémique permettant de rendre compte de la complexité des relations causales entre ses multiples dimensions et ses différentes échelles d’expression. Les techniques de collecte et d’analyse des données reposent sur des méthodes qualitatives et quantitatives pour cerner au plus près les processus sociaux étudiés. Une analyse sociohistorique permet d’ancrer le processus de transformation des normes dans le long terme et montre que, depuis le XIXème siècle, le système productiviste suscite des incertitudes quant à son application dans le domaine agricole, en particulier dans ses conséquences sur les animaux et l’environnement. La description des éléments de la controverse montre qu’elle se structure autour d’incertitudes scientifiques et éthiques auxquelles les parties prenantes de la controverse, que sont le monde de l’élevage et le monde associatif, doivent apporter des réponses. L’analyse de l’audience de la controverse auprès du public permet d’identifier une variété des manières de penser l’élevage, qui s’exprime au sein d’un forum hybride dans lequel une multitude d’acteurs contribuent à donner du sens à l’activité. Les rapports de force entre les acteurs déséquilibrent toutefois les capacités de chacun à influencer cette construction des normes. Globalement, c’est vers une prise de distance avec une forme d’élevage perçue comme industrielle et artificielle qu’évoluent les normes règlementaires, professionnelles et culturelles / The objective of this thesis is to question the controversy about livestock farming and to study its dynamic to then analyse the process by which this controversy results in a transformation of social norms. For that purpose, the controversy is addressed by a systemic analysis that enables to reflect the complexity of causal relations between its various aspects and its different scales of expression. Techniques of data collection and analysis lie on qualitative and quantitative methods in order to understand more precisely the social processes studied. A sociohistorical analysis enables to integrate the process of norms transformation in the long run and to show that, since the 19th century, the productiondriven system creates uncertainty regarding its application in the agricultural area, mainly in its consequences on animals and the environment. The description of the controversy elements shows that the controversy is structured around scientific and ethical uncertainties. Stakeholders of the controversy (the livestock sector and the associative sector) must come up with some answers to these scientific and ethical uncertainties. The analysis of the interest of the public for this controversy enables to identify a variety of ways of thinking the livestock farming that express among a hybrid forum in which a large number of actors contribute to make sense to this activity. However, power relations between the actors unbalance the capacities of each one to influence this norms construction. Globally, regulatory standards, professional and cultural norms are changing towards a distancing with a livestock farming form that is perceived as industrial and artificial.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-12-10T09:16:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marília Gomes Ismar - 2015.pdf: 4948439 bytes, checksum: bd3576f60e294eec74befd6da3509e2b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-12-10T09:17:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marília Gomes Ismar - 2015.pdf: 4948439 bytes, checksum: bd3576f60e294eec74befd6da3509e2b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T09:17:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Marília Gomes Ismar - 2015.pdf: 4948439 bytes, checksum: bd3576f60e294eec74befd6da3509e2b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Among the Brazilian agribusiness activities, livestock stands out as an important production sector, with major contribution to the economy. In this activity, the pastures are the cheapest method for livestock, but it is still an uncommon method to some producers as they consider highly costly the refurbishment or renovation of pastures. It is estimated that 80% of these areas are in poor condition throughout the Brazilian territory, and at “Goiás”, where 67% of its native vegetation has been replaced by some agricultural activity, the situation is quite worrying, with seven micro-regions with more than 30% of pasture areas at some stage of degradation, however, the causes haven’t yet been scientifically demonstrated. At this context, this study has aimed to list and analyze which are the pasture degradation factors that contribute to the high level of these processes at those micro-regions. Two counties at the Northwest mesoregion and three at the Middle mesoregion were studied, randomically chosen, and evaluated 5% of each one of those proprieties. Producers from different social classes and educational level were studied, as well as small, medium and large farms, defined by the Brazilian Law n° 8.629/93. Analyzing the bibliographic review, becomes evident that at least 16 pasture degradation factors are quite substantial, according to the “Anuário Estatístico da Pecuária de Corte (2000)” and the “Macedo et al (2012)”. However, at “Goiás” region, based on this study, added to the factors discussed in the bibliographic review, it can be noticed that the most outstanding factor is the producers illiteracy. From the results obtained, the conclusion reached is that direct contact with the producer allows the technician to work on raising the awareness on the need to recovery and renewal the degraded pastures, trying to obtain the activity sustainability, aiming to increase productivity and better results in their herds. / Dentre as atividades do agronegócio brasileiro, a pecuária se destaca como importante setor de produção, com grande contribuição ao produto interno bruto. Nesta atividade as pastagens são o alimento de menor custo para a produção animal, porém, ainda é uma percepção ausente a alguns produtores, que consideram altamente dispendiosa a recuperação ou renovação das mesmas. Estima-se que 80% dessas áreas estão em condições precárias em todo o território brasileiro e, em Goiás, onde 67% de sua vegetação nativa já foi substituída por alguma atividade agropecuária, a situação é bastante preocupante, com sete microrregiões com mais de 30% de áreas de pastagens em algum estágio de degradação, porém, as causas ainda não foram demonstradas cientificamente. Considerando esse contexto, objetivou-se com este estudo elencar e analisar quais são os fatores de degradação de pastagem que mais contribuem para o alto nível desses processos nessas microrregiões. Foram estudados dois municípios da mesorregião Noroeste e três da mesorregião Centro, escolhidos por sorteio. Tendo sido avaliadas 5% das propriedades de cada um deles. Foram considerados produtores de diferentes classes sociais e nível de instrução, bem como propriedades pequenas, médias e grandes, definidas a partir da Lei n° 8.629/93. Na revisão bibliográfica fica claro que ao menos 16 fatores de degradação das pastagens são bastante consideráveis, segundo o Anuário Estatístico da Pecuária de Corte (2000) e Macedo et al (2012). Entretanto, para a região de Goiás, considerando esse estudo, somado aos fatores apresentados na revisão, pode-se notar que o fator mais impactante é o baixo nível de instrução dos produtores. A partir dos resultados alcançados, pode-se concluir que o contato direto com o produtor permite ao técnico trabalhar, sensibilizando-os da necessidade de recuperação e renovação das áreas de pastagens degradadas com o propósito de garantir a sustentabilidade da atividade,

L’amélioration de l’efficience alimentaire des animaux peut contribuer à un élevage plus durable par la réduction des ressources utilisées et des rejets associés. Les caractères qui déterminent l’efficience alimentaire des vaches laitières restent mal identifiés. Le projet se propose donc d’identifier les facteurs biologiques associés à la variabilité interindividuelle de l’efficience alimentaire des vaches laitières. La variation d’efficience alimentaire a été estimée avec l’ingéré résiduel, classiquement défini comme la variabilité résiduelle de l’énergie nette ingérée corrigée pour l’énergie nette du lait, l’entretien et les variations de réserves corporelles. Cet ingéré résiduel inclut par définition toutes les erreurs de mesure. Pour réduire ces erreurs, la note d’état corporel, qui classiquement se fait par notation visuelle, a été automatisée et de nombreux autres caractères candidats ont été mesurés fréquemment dans un environnement stable sur quasiment toute la lactation.La variabilité de l’ingéré résiduel ne représentait que 8% de la variabilité de l’ingéré mesuré, dont 58,9% étaient associés à de l’efficience et non de l’erreur. L’étude de la répétabilité de cet ingéré résiduel au cours de la lactation suggère d’éviter les 7 premières quinzaines au profit du milieu de lactation. Parmi tous les caractères mesurés, le comportement alimentaire, la température ruminale, la variation des réserves corporelles et l’activité expliquaient 58,9% de la variabilité de l’ingéré résiduel. Les effets de plusieurs de ces caractères semblent confondus. Leur lien de causalité av / Achieving higher feed efficiency of animals is expected to improve animal production sustainability through reduction of the used resources and of the associated emissions. The traits determining feed efficiency remain poorly understood. The present project aimed therefore at identifying the biological factors associated with feed efficiency differences in lactating dairy cows. Feed efficiency variation was estimated with the traditional residual intake, which was defined as the residual variability of net energy intake which is not explained by net energy required for lactation, maintenance and body reserves change. This residual intake includes by definition all measurement errors. To reduce these errors, body condition score, which is commonly measured visually, has been automated and several other candidate traits were measured frequently in a steady environment for almost whole lactation.Residual intake variability represented only 8% of intake variability in our study, among which only 58.9% were found to be associated with feed efficiency variability and not to errors. The repeatability analysis of the residual intake throughout the lactation suggested to avoid the 7 first lactation fortnights, and rather to focus on lactation middle. Among all measured traits, feeding behaviour, rumen temperature, body reserves change and activity explained 58.9% of residual intake variability. Many of these traits seemed confounded with others, which claimed for the need for further work to properly define their causal relationship with feed efficiency, especially focussing on di

Dans les zones rurales du Pendjab du Pakistan, les femmes de petites familles agricoles ont un rôle énorme à jouer dans la réalisation du potentiel que le pays dispose dans le secteur de l'élevage d'animaux de se développer. L'étude présente la situation socio-économique actuelle des femmes éleveurs de bétail, l'étendue et la nature de leur participation aux activités de gestion du bétail, l'impact de la participation des femmes sur le bien-être de leurs familles, ainsi que les facteurs qui influent sur leur participation à des activités de gestion du bétail. Le type et la taille de la famille, l'âge, l'emplacement éloigné de l'intimé le village de la ville, et le niveau de développement global de la région ont eu leur impact sur les différents aspects de la situation des femmes rurales. Le niveau de participation des femmes répondant à des activités de gestion du bétail était multiple de celle du niveau de leurs maris. Les normes culturelles, division sexuelle du travail, la disponibilité de main-d'œuvre familiale et l'état physique du participant ont été trouvés plus opératoire pour déterminer la nature et le niveau de participation de la main-d'œuvre familiale dans les activités de gestion du bétail. L'amélioration du rôle des femmes dans la gestion et la production animale est essentielle pour améliorer la santé, l'éducation, le revenu et la nourriture de la famille. Les résultats illustrent la nécessité pour le ciblage géographique et l'importance d'utiliser une approche sexo-spécifique dans les programmes de développement agricole. / In rural Punjab of Pakistan, women from small farm families have a huge role to play in realizing the potential that the country has in livestock sector to flourish. The study presents the current socio-economic condition of women livestock raisers, the extent and nature of their participation in livestock management activities, the impact of women’s participation on their families’ welfare, and the factors affecting their participation in livestock management activities. The type and size of the family, respondent’s age, distant location of the village from the city, and the overall developmental status of the district had their impact on different aspects of rural women’s status. At each of the three geographical levels, women respondent’s participation level in livestock management activities was multiple of that of their husbands’ level. Cultural norms, gendered division of labor, availability of family labor, and the physical condition of the participant were found more operative in determining the nature and level of participation of the family labor in livestock management activities. Participation of the family labor, various aspects of women’s status, livestock related factors, and economic factors were the main causes identified as the factors affecting women’s participation in livestock management activities. Improving women's role in livestock management and production is essential in improving overall family’s health, education, income, and food security. The results signify the need for geographical targeting and the importance of using a gendered approach in the agricultural development programs.

Dans la zone Mali-Sud, l'augmentation démographique, le développement de la culture cotonnière et, parallèlement, des systèmes d'élevage ont entraîné une augmentation des surfaces cultivées, une réduction du temps de mise en jachère et un passage progressif à la culture continue. L'espace pastoral est réduit aux terres pas encore mises en culture. Dans un contexte climatique, économique et institutionnel difficile, on cherche à faire évoluer les pratiques de gestion de la fertilité des sols et d'alimentation des animaux pour renforcer les systèmes de production et ne pas hypothéquer leur durabilité. De nouvelles postures de recherche visent à transformer les situations, produire des connaissances et renforcer l'implication des acteurs. Les références élaborées par la recherche doivent être compréhensibles par l'ensemble des acteurs et prendre en compte les savoirs techniques locaux des praticiens. Cette prise en compte dans l'analyse des pratiques de gestion de la fertilité des sols permet-elle de produire des connaissances nouvelles sur les pratiques, de formuler des propositions techniques ou d'améliorer les relations recherche-vulgarisation-paysans ? Nous proposons de tester un cadre d'analyse des pratiques de gestion de fertilité des sols en nous basant sur une caractérisation préalable des savoirs techniques locaux. Ce travail est mené auprès de paysans de deux villages du Mali-Sud. La lecture des relations savoirs-pratiques permet d'apprécier la pertinence des savoirs techniques locaux, d'enrichir la description des pratiques agricoles et d'évaluer l'intérêt de cette approche pour les sciences agronomiques et pour le développement agricole / Soil fertility management and herd role in the cotton-cereals-livestock systems in south Mali, technical local knowledge and crop-livestock farming practices. In the south Mali, population growth, joint development of cotton-crop and breeding system furthered the extension of cultivated lands, furthered the development of letting fallow land for a short-lived and the extension of lands cultivated in a continuous way. The pastoral lands are limited to the none cultivated areas. In a difficult context made off climatic hazard, economic crises and institutional uncertainty, the evolution of soil fertility practices and pastoral practices is looked up to enhance the farming systems and not mortgage their sustainability. New scientific approaches aim at changing the crop and breeding systems, at producing new knowledges and at reinforcing the farmer´s involvement. The technical references developed must be understandable by the farmers and the researchers and must integrate their local technical knowledges. Does the consideration of local technical knowledges in the soil fertility practices analysis enable to produce new knowledges on the practices, to elaborate technical proposals or improve the relations between researchers and farmers? We suggest to test a scientific approach to investigate soil fertility practices with the support of the characterization of the local technical knowledges. This work is performed with farmers of two villages of the South Mali. Analysis of knowledges and practices relations allows to appreciate the relevance of the local technical knowledges, allows to improve farming practices description and to assess the interest of this research method for agricultural sciences and the agricultural development

A constante influência humana em atividades de manejo animal, além de aumentar os custos de produção, torna-se uma adicional fonte geradora de estresse sobre os animais. Nesse sentido, é necessária a busca pelo desenvolvimento de métodos alternativos de acompanhamento, à distância e em tempo real, das condições físicas dos animais, em conjunto com o controle das instalações. Para a identificação da condição de conforto ou estresse calórico dos animais, alguns indicativos podem vir a auxiliar, tais como a temperatura retal (TR), sendo esse um bom indicador da temperatura do núcleo corporal, bem como, a frequência respiratória (FR). Porém, com a crescente preocupação em relação ao bem-estar animal, vários questionamentos são feitos acerca de métodos invasivos, motivando a busca por alternativas à mensuração da TR. Surge então, como variável alternativa, a temperatura da superfície corporal, buscando-se correlacioná-la com a TR e FR. Sendo assim, com essa pesquisa objetivou-se identificar a região mais adequada da superfície corporal dos suínos, em fase de creche, que apresente a melhor correlação com a TR e FR. Para tal, foi conduzido um experimento, dividido em duas etapas: etapa 1) pré-experimento, sendo conduzido com dois animais em câmara climática, variando-se as condições de temperatura e testando-se métodos de fixação de sensores e coleta de dados inicialmente propostos; e etapa 2) experimento principal. Este último foi conduzido em uma câmara climática, com cinco leitões da raça Landrace x Large White, com 30 dias de idade, provenientes de uma mesma ninhada e do mesmo sexo (fêmea). Variaram-se as condições de temperatura no interior da câmara climática de 14°C a 35,5°C, de modo a atingir situações de estresse tanto por frio quanto por calor, sendo calculada a entalpia para os propósitos do presente estudo. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com um único fator, a entalpia ambiente, com sete níveis (31,26; 39,56; 51,12; 59,24; 74,82; 82,96; 94,26 kJ.kg de ar seco-1). Foram realizadas medidas repetidas em intervalos de 30 minutos, em seis diferentes regiões corporais: cabeça (A), paleta (B), lombo (C), pernil (D), orelha (E) e timpânica (F). Para as regiões de A a E foram utilizados dois métodos de medida diferentes: datalogger de temperatura Thermochron iButton® - DS1921G e outro via termômetro de infravermelho Fluke® 566. Para a região F, utilizou-se um termômetro de infravermelho de testa e ouvido G-Tech - T1000. Todos com cinco repetições das medidas para cada variável, em cada situação ambiente. Com os resultados obtidos foi possível propor equações de regressão múltipla para a TR e FR, sendo esta última apontada pela análise de componentes principais como a melhor candidata a correlações com as temperaturas da superfície corporal e por ser um bom indicador da situação de estresse térmico. Por meio desses resultados foi possível observar que a região timpânica mostrou-se como a melhor opção para acompanhamento tanto da TR quanto da FR via termômetro de infravermelho (TiF), enquanto que ao utilizar sensores de temperatura da superfície corporal, a melhor opção foi a orelha (TbE) para predição de TR, e a região do lombo (TbC) para predição de FR. / Human constant influence in handling activities, besides raising production costs, becomes another stress source for the animals. In this sense, it becomes necessary the development of alternative methods, that can remotely monitor, in real time, animal\'s physical conditions, together with remote facilities control. In terms of identifying comfort or stressful thermal situations for animals, some indicators can be handy, such as rectal temperature (RT), which is a good indicator of the core body temperature, as well as, the respiratory rate (RR). Although, with the raising concerns about animal welfare, several questions are raised against invasive methods, encouraging the search for alternatives to RT measuring. The determination of body surface temperature values, trying to correlate them to RT and RR, emerges as an alternative. Thus, it\'s aimed, with this research, to identify the most adequate swine body surface region, in nursery phase, which presents better correlation with RT and RR. For that, an experiment was conducted, divided in two stages: stage 1) pre-experiment, being conducted with two animals in a climate chamber, varying temperature conditions and testing sensor fixation and data collection methods previously proposed; and stage 2) main experiment. The last one was conducted in a climate chamber, with five Landrace x Large White piglets, 30 days aged, from the same litter and of the same sex (female). Temperature conditions inside the chamber were varied from 14°C to 35.5°C, attaining stressful situations both for cold and heat, being calculated the enthalpy for this study purposes. The statistical design used was the completely randomized, with one factor only, the ambient enthalpy, in seven levels (31.26; 39.56; 51.12; 59.24; 74.82; 82.96; 94.26 kJ.kg of dry air-1). Repeated measures were taken in 30 minutes intervals, in six different body regions: head (A), shoulder (B), loin (C), ham (D), ear (E) and tympanic (F). For regions from A to E, two different methods were used: temperature datalogger Thermochron iButton® - DS1921G and infrared thermometer Fluke® 566. For region F, a forehead and ear infrared thermometer G-Tech - T1000 was used. All of them had five replicates of measures for each variable, in each environment situation. With the obtained data, it was possible to propound multiple regression equations for RT and RR, the last one being shown by principal components analysis as a better candidate to correlate to body surface temperatures and because it\'s a good indicator of the animal\'s thermal stress situation. By means of these results it was possible to observe that the tympanic region arises as the better option for monitoring RT and RR through infrared thermometer (TiF), while when using body surface temperature sensors, the best option was the ear (TbE) for predicting RT, and the loin region (TbC) for predicting RR.