This diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of logistic processes at Ravensburger Karton Ltd., known for the production of puzzles and games. The theoretical part provides the theoretical basis and deals with the description of each of logistics processes from development to distribution to end customers. The practical part shows how these processes work on the example of selected manufacturing company, along with their evaluation offers suggestions for possible improvements.

In today's world the challenge of logistics becomes more and more important for all companies, which consequently contributes to the need of an integrated system of in-house logistics. Goods must flow easily between stations and departments in order to achieve the best utilization of transportation as well as maintaining a good distribution structure to handle these processes in an efficient and effective way to enhance business performance and competitiveness. This report aims to provide research on how to strategically organize, plan and structure the flow of internal logistics within an organization. The research in this study originates from 3 main methods, a theoretical review, a case study and a benchmark. The main idea of the thesis was to contribute with scientific knowledge of improvements that can be achieved within internal logistics targeting companies operating within the service sector. In order to understand the scope of the problem the current state at the case Tropical Islands was analysed and served to identify areas where possible improvements could be achieved. Further on, in combination with the theory and empirical findings the main conclusions of the thesis was the need to strategically organize the flow of internal logistics to improve efficiency and enhance competitiveness. It was made evident that planning is essential in order to successfully implement the milk runs. Other tools could be utilized to further eliminate drawbacks that might occur.

The Master's Thesis deals with an analysis of logistic system in the Unipetrol RPA Company. The objective of this thesis is to detect possible bottlenecks and to identify possibilities to optimize the logistic system. The first part of the Master's Thesis characterizes the terms logistics, Supply Chain Management, logistic chain, lean management, outsourcing, further it deals with the area of storage facilities, packaging, transportation, handling and storage means. The second chapter contains introduction of the Company, the respective branch of industry, as well as international project ChemLog. The analysis of the Company logistic system itself is described in the third chapter. Analyzed are individual logistic processes within the Company related to polyolefins (polyethylene and polypropylene). At the end of this chapter, bottlenecks of the system are detected and subsequently, certain recommendations proposed, which should be considered.

<p>This examination work aims to describe how a supply chain around the biggest pellets factory in Sweden will be configured in a logistic perspective. The plant and associated infrastructure are in the building phase and will have production start on the 2 November 2009. The key question that is set in this examination work is to recognize the logistic processes which are essential for an effective flow of materials and information that link the source of supply with the ultimate customer. In order to get the answer, a flowcharting of these supply chain processes is required for understanding the pipeline activities such as input and storage of raw material, the production system and the output of pellets to the customers. The basis for this supply chain map is a model-based representation of these logistic processes and activities that are involved around the pellets factory. This model was configured according to scientific theories and the supply chain's fundamental concept. In these maps, the model will highlight the network of inter-linked activities in the system and finally show the opportunities for recommendations and improvements in productivity through reengineering those logistic processes.</p>

This examination work aims to describe how a supply chain around the biggest pellets factory in Sweden will be configured in a logistic perspective. The plant and associated infrastructure are in the building phase and will have production start on the 2 November 2009. The key question that is set in this examination work is to recognize the logistic processes which are essential for an effective flow of materials and information that link the source of supply with the ultimate customer. In order to get the answer, a flowcharting of these supply chain processes is required for understanding the pipeline activities such as input and storage of raw material, the production system and the output of pellets to the customers. The basis for this supply chain map is a model-based representation of these logistic processes and activities that are involved around the pellets factory. This model was configured according to scientific theories and the supply chain's fundamental concept. In these maps, the model will highlight the network of inter-linked activities in the system and finally show the opportunities for recommendations and improvements in productivity through reengineering those logistic processes.

The thesis specifics advantages and disadvanteges of small and medium enterprises, logistic processes, stock processes of the bakery company and suggests the steps for optimalizaton of the processes.

Logistic systems manage the flow of materials and information of companies and they are a relevant component in every sector. For this reason, the efficient design and the optimization of these systems is a necessary, but non-trivial, activity especially in the sectors most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, like healthcare and e-commerce. These two are also characterised by a significant social sustainability impact. In particular, the healthcare sector focuses on the improvement of its service quality to enhance the patients satisfaction while e-commerce platforms must consider the drivers condition in their business to deliver goods in an ethical way. For this reason, the activities of this PhD aim at designing and optimizing the logistic systems of different real-world companies taking into account simultaneously multiple conflicting aspects. In the first PhD project, the research activity consists in the design of efficient systems for massive healthcare processes, such as the vaccination against COVID-19, in South Tyrol region. To reach this goal, a digital twin of the vaccination centre is developed through a NFC-based technology composed by common smartphones and card-size badges. This digital twin is based on a software architecture composed by a developed mobile application, which records time information of each process phase and sends this data to a central database, as well as a developed website which elaborates this data and reports dynamically the performance of the healthcare structure and the possible issues. This continuous exchange of information between the physical and the digital system supports practitioners in improving the quality of this healthcare service and increasing the patients satisfaction. In the second addressed PhD project, the focus moves to an outdoor logistic process, i.e. the distribution of goods in a real-world local e-commerce platform. To solve this problem, its mathematical model is defined and a multi-objective metaheuristic algorithm is developed since all the three aspects of sustainability (costs, environment and fairness) must be optimized simultaneously. This algorithm is tested in a real-world e-commerce platform, providing managers with a helpful decision-support system called Pareto frontier which includes all the optimal solutions of the targeted problem. Finally, the last PhD research activity carried out integrates different features of both the previous ones since it regards the optimization of the logistic system of a healthcare service, i.e. the transportation of dependent patients. Therefore, the mathematical model is formulated and an Adaptive Large Neighbourhood Search (ALNS) algorithm is developed to solve the problem efficiently. Also this project is validated with a real-world case study, provided by the Austrian Red Cross, and the results compare different configuration to support managers in finding the best one. In particular, different degree of time window violation, type of shifts and mix of vehicles are tested to define the most convenient situation both for patients, in terms of service quality, and for healthcare department, in terms of costs. In conclusion, through the development and implementation of different mathematical methods, multiple logistic systems have been efficiently designed or improved during this PhD. In addition, all the developed models and the results obtained have been applied and validated in real-world case studies provided by different companies, demonstrating the practical implication of the work carried out.

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2018-03-14T13:32:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Sara da Costa Fernandes - 2018.pdf: 1264369 bytes, checksum: a40305b68239fe20fb18c52fcb587b96 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-03-15T11:04:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Sara da Costa Fernandes - 2018.pdf: 1264369 bytes, checksum: a40305b68239fe20fb18c52fcb587b96 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-15T11:04:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Sara da Costa Fernandes - 2018.pdf: 1264369 bytes, checksum: a40305b68239fe20fb18c52fcb587b96 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-07 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / The transformations of the globalized business scenario challenge as organizations, adopt strategies as directed to the competitive differentials of the market. Strategic alliances are a way for organizations to adapt to changes in the economic environment through better market positioning, technological capacity building, cost reduction, access to new resources and investment viability. In this context, the Brazilian automotive sector is an important segment to be studied, due to its great importance is not economic scenario. Since the 1990s, this sector has been constantly evolving and has used cooperation agreements in the quest for competitiveness and greater profits. Industrial decentralization to other states and municipalities is one of the changes that have taken place in recent years. Two different automakers settled in Goiás, in 2015, with a possibility of greater gains and lower investments and logistical issues, identifying a need to adopt an alliance strategy, generating new logistics processes and a new structure of the productive chain in this sector. Thus, this research aims to identify and analyze what changes occurred in the logistics process before the formation of the strategic alliance between automakers in the non-Southeast Goiano auto industry. Non-theoretical concepts are presented on the automotive production chain, business logistic processes, strategic alliances, behavior structure and performance. For the purpose of the work carried out in a case study and an analysis of the documentary from the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) made available by one of the organizations studied. Through documentary analysis, spreadsheets were elaborated demonstrating as quantitative variables related to the logistic process before and after a strategic alliance between organizations. Through the analysis, we identify that as modifications in the logistics process after a merger between as organizations of the automotive sector as variations in the reduction without time, distance and inventory as relevant to reduce logistical costs of supply and freight of the productive chain . On the other hand, it is concluded that the formation of a strategic alliance brought, besides advantages for the logistic process, a reduction of costs and a better operational operation of the automotive production chain. / As transformações do cenário empresarial globalizado desafiam as organizações a adotarem estratégias que as direcionem aos diferenciais competitivos do mercado. As alianças estratégicas são uma forma de as organizações se adequarem às mudanças do ambiente econômico através de um melhor posicionamento de mercado, capacitação tecnológica, redução de custos, acesso a novos recursos e viabilização de investimentos. Neste contexto, o setor automotivo brasileiro é um importante segmento a ser estudado, devido a sua grande importância no cenário econômico. Este setor, desde a década de 1990, passa por constante evolução e utiliza acordos de cooperação na busca por competitividade e maiores lucros. A descentralização industrial para outros estados e municípios é uma das mudanças que ocorreram nos últimos anos. Duas diferentes montadoras se instalaram em Goiás, quando em 2015, com a possibilidade de maiores ganhos ou menores investimentos e por questões logísticas, identificaram a necessidade de adotarem uma aliança estratégia, gerando novos processos logísticos e uma nova estrutura da cadeia produtiva deste setor. Assim esta pesquisa objetiva identificar e analisar quais modificações ocorreram no processo logístico diante da formação da aliança estratégica entre montadoras do setor automobilístico no Sudeste Goiano. São apresentados no referencial teórico conceitos sobre cadeia produtiva automobilística, processos logísticos empresariais, alianças estratégicas, estrutura conduta e desempenho. Para atingir o objetivo do trabalho foi realizado um estudo de caso e a análise do documental a partir do Mapeamento do Fluxo de Valor (VSM) disponibilizado por uma das organizações estudadas. Por meio da análise documental foram elaboradas planilhas demonstrando as variáveis quantitativas relacionadas ao processo logístico antes e após a aliança estratégica entre as organizações. Por meio da análise identificou-se que as modificações no processo logístico após uma fusão entre as organizações do setor automotivo as variações na redução no tempo, na distância e no estoque foram relevantes para a redução dos custos logísticos de fornecimento e de fretes da cadeia produtiva. Portanto, conclui-se que a formação da aliança estratégica trouxe, além de vantagens para o processo logístico, a redução de custos e uma melhor eficiência operacional da cadeia produtiva automobilística.

The dissertation deals with parameters of logistic processes structure in a manufacturing company. The logistic processes structure in a manufacturing company means the logistic processes and their relationships in a manufacturing company. The main objective of the thesis is to create an overview of parameters of the logistic processes structure in manufacturing companies. Cognition and formation of the logistic processes structure is important for planning, control and management of elements of the logistic chain. The thesis focuses on the logistic processes structure in a manufacturing company and the examination of their instantiations. To achieve the objective, in the thesis it was necessary to propose a unifying classification of logistic processes, as well as the general classification for the integration of logistic functions in the organization of a manufacturing company. The proposed classifications and proposed parameters allowed to compare the results of research concerning the comparison of different logistic processes (or operations) in companies.

Postnord TPL är en ledande aktör inom 3PL-branschen i Norden. På önskemål av företaget har en studie genomförts av returprocessen för Postnord TPLs största kund inom elektronikbranschen. En effektiv hantering av returprocessen är en viktig del för tredjepartslogistikföretag för att behålla konkurrenskraft på marknaden. Den effektiva hanteringen är grunden för att skapa en returprocess med låga kostnader, hög grad av resursutnyttjande och tillfredsställande av kundens önskemål.  Syftet med studien är att identifiera avvikelser i returprocessen och de bakomliggande orsakerna samt att föreslå förbättringsåtgärder för att reducera avvikelser och effektivisera returprocessen vid Postnord TPL. För att uppnå syftet har författarna genomfört en fallstudie av returprocessen för Postnord TPL. Genom deltagande observationer, processpromenad och semistrukturerade intervjuer med anställda har empiri samlats in för att skapa en förståelse av processen. Empirin har analyserats för att identifiera avvikelser och möjliga förbättringsåtgärder. Analysen i studien identifierade ett antal avvikelser i returprocessen och de bakomliggande orsakerna till att de uppstår. Avvikelserna berörde onödiga förflyttningar, överarbetning, mänskliga fel samt kompetens och kunskap hos nuvarande personal. Författarna har via observationerna och intervjuerna identifierat var avvikelserna uppstår. Ett orsak-verkan diagram har tagits fram för att definiera de bakomliggande orsakerna till avvikelserna. Vidare har författarna genom en analys av avvikelserna och orsakerna formulerat konkreta förbättringsförslag för att reducera eller eliminera avvikelserna. Förbättringsåtgärderna som presenteras är; flytt av processen till samma våning, eliminera dubbelhantering av returer från företag, använda samma system, skapa rörlighetsklassificering av produkter, skapa nya standarder och rutiner, arbeta med förebyggande analyser, implementera PDCA-cykeln och Lean-verktyg för arbete med ständig förbättring samt att skapa tydliga mål för processen. Målet med en implementering av förbättringsförslagen är att reducera avvikelser och därigenom bidra till ökad effektivitet och konkurrenskraft för Postnord TPL. Samarbetet med företaget har varit avgörande för att säkerställa relevansen och genomförbarheten av förslagen. / Postnord TPL is a leading company in the 3PL-industry in the Nordics. At the company's request, a study was conducted on the return process for Postnord TPL's largest customer in the electronics industry. Efficient handling of the return process is a crucial aspect for third-party logistics companies to maintain competitiveness in the market. Efficient management forms the foundation for creating a return process with low costs, high resource utilization and customer satisfaction. The purpose of the study is to identify deviations in the return process and the underlying causes, as well as to propose improvement measures to reduce deviations and create a more efficient return process at Postnord TPL. To achieve this goal, the authors conducted a case study of Postnord TPL's return process. Through participatory observations, process walkthroughs, and semi-structured interviews with employees, empirical data was collected to understand the process. The empirical data was analyzed to identify deviations and possible improvement measures. The study's analysis identified several deviations in the return process and the underlying causes of their occurrence. The deviations involved unnecessary movements, overprocessing, human errors, as well as the competence and knowledge of current staff. Through observations and interviews, the authors identified where the deviations occur. A cause-and-effect diagram was created to define the underlying causes of the deviations. Furthermore, through an analysis of the deviations and their causes, the authors formulated concrete improvement suggestions to reduce or eliminate the deviations. The improvement measures presented include; relocating the process to the same floor, eliminating double handling of returns from companies, using the same system, creating a mobility classification of products, establishing new standards and routines, working with preventive analyses, implementing the PDCA cycle and Lean tools for continuous improvement, and setting clear goals for the process. The goal of implementing these improvement suggestions is to reduce deviations and thereby contribute to increased efficiency and competitiveness for Postnord TPL. Collaboration with the company has been crucial to ensure the relevance and feasibility of the proposals.