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Collaborative health research environments usually involve sharing private health data between a number of participants, including researchers at different institutions. Inclusion of AI systems as participants in this environment allows predictive analytics to be applied on the research data and the provision of better diagnoses. However, the growing number of researchers and AI systems working together raises the problem of protecting the privacy of data contributors and managing the trust among participants, which affects the overall collaboration effort. In this thesis, we propose an architecture that utilizes blockchain technology for enabling verifiable trust in collaborative health research environments so that participants who do not necessarily trust each other can effectively collaborate to achieve a research goal. Provenance management of research data and privacy auditing are key components of the architecture that allow participants’ actions and their compliance with privacy policies to be checked across the research pipeline. The architecture supports distributed trust between participants through a Linked Data-based blockchain model that allows tamper-proof audit logs to be created to preserve log integrity and participant non-repudiation. To maintain the integrity of the audit logs, we investigate the state-of-the-art methods of generating cryptographic hashes for RDF datasets. We demonstrate an efficient method of computing integrity proofs that construct a sorted Merkle tree for growing RDF datasets based on timestamps (as a key) that are extractable from the dataset. Evaluations of our methods through experimental realizations and analyses of their resiliency to common security threats are provided. / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc) / Collaborative health research environments involve the sharing of private health data between a number of participants, including researchers at different institutions. The inclusion of AI systems as participants in this environment allows predictive analytics to be applied on the research data to provide better diagnoses. In such environments where private health data is shared among diverse participants, the maintenance of trust between participants and the auditing of data transformations across the environment are important for protecting the privacy of data contributors. Preserving the integrity of these transformations is paramount for supporting transparent auditing processes. In this thesis, we propose an architecture for establishing verifiable trust and transparency among participants in collaborative health research environments, present a model for creating tamper-proof privacy audit logs that support the privacy management of data contributors, and analyze methods for verifying the integrity of all logged data activities in the research environment.

Recycling felled urban trees that are hazardous or unhealthy is increasingly viewed as a viable practice to control disposal costs, promote environmental practices, and support local commerce. Wide spread waste wood utilization is encumbered by numerous presumptions about wood quantity, quality, accessibility, and presence of foreign objects; yet there is almost no scientific literature about these presumptions. Without this knowledge, informed decisions cannot be made about the viability of waste wood utilization. In this study, we assessed the quality and quantity of timber in street trees scheduled for routine removal by the District of Columbia (the District) using a modified timber grading protocol adapted from the United States Forest Service. We developed a second protocol to assess the feasibility of timber salvage by identifying physical barriers commonly encountered in urban areas (e.g., high volume traffic, utilities around the tree, and infrastructure). The randomized sampling scheme was stratified by land-use zones and focused on the six most abundant tree species: Acer platanoides, Acer rubrum, Acer saccharum, Quercus palustris, Quercus phellos, Quercus rubra. Our findings suggest the majority of condemned street trees are of too poor quality to contain timber (58% cull rate); however, trees that contain merchantable logs are likely to be easily removed. A notable discovery that could prove problematic for wood salvage was that the majority of trees (88%) contained superficial metal items embedded in the trunk surface. Furthermore, presence or absence of a merchantable-sized log (p=0.0445) depended on the tree's species, as did the average volume observed (p<0.0001). Additionally, land-use zones had an effect on the removal feasibility scores (p=0.0257) but had no effect on log presence or log volume. Throughout the District, we estimated that 36,500 board feet of merchantable logs are generated from routine removals of our top six species annually. These findings provide empirical data pertaining to urban timber salvage, which might aid decisions on the investment worthiness of utilizing urban street trees. / Master of Science

L’environnement très concurrentiel de la toile détermine le contexte de la recherche. Attirer un internaute n’est pas simple et de surcroît, cela ne suffit pas puisqu’il faut ensuite qu’il devienne un consommateur fidèle qui recommandera le site marchand. La littérature a identifié certaines variables ergonomiques isolées ou semi-groupées qui auraient une influence sur l’intention comportementale, en termes d’intention d’achat, de retour, ou en termes d’intention de recommander le site, mais aucune approche satisfaisante du construit ergonomie, considéré dans sa globalité, n’est recensée dans la littérature marketing. Ce fut l’un des enjeux de cette recherche doctorale puisque nous nous sommes demandé quelle pouvait être l’influence de la perception de l’ergonomie, comprise de façon holistique, sur l’intention comportementale de l’internaute. Des allers-retours entre la littérature et les études exploratoires nous ont conduits vers des questions de recherche complémentaires. En effet, évaluer l’influence de la perception de l’ergonomie requiert de prendre en considération l’orientation motivationnelle de l'internaute, les efforts sous-jacents au traitement d’un stimulus visuel étant en partie liés à la motivation d'un individu. Par ailleurs, nous avons voulu dépasser la seule perspective cognitive pour considérer une vision plus expérientielle de la consommation. Enfin, nous avons étudié la relation qu’il pouvait y avoir entre le comportement sur le site traduit par les données logs et l’intention comportementale. Ainsi, le paradigme Personne x Objet x Situation nous a paru le mieux adapté à cette recherche doctorale en ce qu'il stipule que pour déterminer les sources ou les causes d’un phénomène il faut à la fois prendre en compte les caractéristiques de l’objet étudié, les caractéristiques de l’individu ainsi que les caractéristiques situationnelles. La circonscription et la mesure de la perception de l’ergonomie, un construit jusque-là non clairement délimité en comportement du consommateur, est l’un des apports théoriques majeurs de cette recherche. Nous avons créé un instrument de mesure court, aux propriétés psychométriques très satisfaisantes et qui est valable pour tout type de site. Le modèle structurel a montré que la perception de l’ergonomie d’un site n’aurait pas d’influence sur l’intention comportementale en ce sens où la relation serait totalement médiatisée par la dimension hédonico sensorielle. D’un point de vue managérial, cette recherche doctorale insiste sur une révision des standards ergonomiques tels qu’ils sont définis actuellement, conjointement à une meilleure prise en compte de la dimension hédonico sensorielle. Le gestionnaire de l’entreprise virtuelle s’interrogera sur un ré-enchantement du site marchand, ainsi que sur le degré de réenchantement de ce site, ce qui passera par une véritable réflexion stratégique quant au positionnement de l’enseigne et un juste équilibre entre standards ergonomiques et variables expérientielles. D’un point de vue méthodologique, nous avons souligné la complémentarité expert/utilisateur et toute la richesse d’une multiangulation des sources de données. Nous nous sommes appuyés sur des méthodologies issues d’autres disciplines comme l’oculométrie traditionnellement utilisée en IHM et qui reste peu répandue en comportement du consommateur. Nous avons montré pourquoi l’utilisation des données eye tracking pouvait se révéler particulièrement intéressante pour le chercheur, la manipulation de variables liées au design étant alors évaluée par une réponse quasi physiologique comme le temps passé sur une zone. Enfin, nous avons proposé une nouvelle méthodologie de collecte des logs avec l’utilisation du logiciel Netobserve, un outil particulièrement intéressant pour des sites non administrés par le chercheur et qui rend une relative autonomie dans le choix du terrain de recherche. / Pas de résumé en anglais

Nowadays, more and more industrial assets are continuously monitored and generate vast amount of event logs and sensor data. Data Mining is the field concerned with the exploration and exploitation of these data. Despite the fact that data mining has been researched for decades, the event log data are still underexploited in most data mining workflows although they could provide valuable insights on the asset behavior as they represent the internal processes of an asset. However, exploitation of event log data is challenging, mainly as: 1) event labels are not consistent across manufacturers, 2) assets report vast amount of data from which only a small part may be relevant, 3) textual event logs and numerical sensor data are usually processed by methods dedicated respectively to textual data or sensor data, methods combining both types of data are still missing, 4) industrial data are rarely labelled, i.e. there is no indication on the actual performance of the asset and it has to be derived from other sources, 5) the meaning of an event may vary depending on the events send after or before.Concretely, this thesis is concerned with the conception and validation of an integrated data processing framework for scalable performance assessment of industrial asset portfolios. This framework is composed of several advanced methodologies facilitating exploitation of both event logs and time series sensor data: 1) an ontology model describing photovoltaic (the validation domain) event system allowing the integration of heterogeneous event generated by various manufacturers; 2) a novel and computationally scalable methodology enabling automatic calculation of event relevancy score without any prior knowledge; 3) a semantically enriched multi-level pattern mining methodology enabling data exploration and hypothesis building across heterogeneous assets; 4) an advanced workflow extracting performance profiles by combining textual event logs and numerical sensor values; 5) a scalable methodology allowing rapid annotation of new asset runs with a known performance label only based on the event logs data.The framework has been exhaustively validated on real-world data from PV plants, provided by our industrial partner 3E. However, the framework has been designed to be domain agnostic and can be adapted to other industrial assets reporting event logs and sensor data. / Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The Garzan Formation is a deepening upward marine carbonate including successions ranging from subtidal to open marine facies deposited in the Maastrichtian. The Garzan Formation is composed of five microfacies types / Miliolid Wackestone (subtidal), Orbitoid Miliolid Wackestone, Rudist Wackestone (backshoal to shoal), Rotalid Miliolid Wackestone (shoal to foreshoal) and Pelagic Foraminiferal Mudstone (foreshoal to open marine). These five microfacies are stacked in different combinations consisting of five types of depositional cycles. The type A and D cycles the building blocks of transgressive systems tract (retrogradational), whereas type B and C cycles are deposited during highstand systems tract (aggradational). The type E cycle is progradational and also corresponds to the highstand systems tract deposits. The maximum flooding surface is usually located within the type D cycle towards the top of the formation. vi Generally, the base of the Garzan Formation deposition starts with highstand systems tract deposits (type E and C cycles) and overlain by transgressive systems tract deposits (type A cycle) in between there is a type 2 sequence boundary. Then deposition continues with highstand systems tract deposits (alternation of type B and C cycles) which are aggradational in character. The top of the Formation is characterized by transgressive systems tract deposits (type D cycle) which usually includes the maximum flooding surface. The second type 2 sequence boundary is located below the type D cycle. There are four of the stacking patterns observed in the Garzan Formation. The GR values change from relatively high to low API in type D and A cycles, whereas a relative shift from low to high API is observed in type E cycle. The GR in the type B and C cycles does not display any relative change. There is no net movement in the SONIC readings in type A, B, C and E cycles / however there is a relative shifting from low velocity to high velocity in type D cycle. In Garzan deposition opposing the general patterns, a decrease in GR readings indicates a decrease in energy and relatively deepening. In carbonate depositional systems predicting the depositional environment from the logs should only be accomplished with microfacies control, otherwise the interpretation will be erroneous.

The managing of complex business processes, which are changed due to globalization, calls for the development of powerful information systems that offer generic process modeling and process execution capabilities. Even though contemporary information systems are more and more utilized in enterprises, their actual impact in automatizing complex business process is still limited by the difficulties encountered in design phase. Actually this design phase is time consuming, often subjective and incomplete. In the scope of this study, a reverse approach is followed. Instead of starting with process design, the method of discovering interesting patterns from the navigation traces is taken as basis and a new data analysis methodology named &ldquo / From-to Chart Based Process Discovery&rdquo / is proposed. In this hybrid methodology &ldquo / from-to chart&rdquo / , which is fundamentally dedicated to material handling issues on production floor, is used as the front-end to monitor the transitions among activities of a realistic event log and convert these raw relations into optimum activity sequence. Then a revised version of process mining, which is the back-end of this methodology, upgrades optimum activity sequence into process model.

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Nos depósitos cenozóicos da Bacia de Taubaté são encontrados depósitos de folhelhos betuminosos (oleígenos) pertencentes à Formação Tremembé, de idade oligocênica, que durante alguns anos na década de 50 foram investigados com relação ao seu aproveitamento econômico através da extração industrial do óleo nele contido. Entretanto, em face de aspectos tecnológicos e conjunturais da época, esse aproveitamento industrial foi considerado inviável do ponto de vista econômico. Nesta dissertação é proposta uma aplicação da perfilagem geofísica para a caracterização da faciologia dos folhelhos betuminosos da Formação Tremembé, tendo como objetivo principal a identificação das eletrofácies nos perfis elétricos, através de uma metodologia robusta e consistente. A identificação de eletrofácies é importante para ajudar na determinação da caracterização de uma reserva não convencional e na análise da viabilidade econômica. Neste estudo foram utilizados os perfis convencionais de poço: Raio gama, resitividade, potencial espontâneo e sônico. Os dados de perfis de poços foram integrados com os testemunhos e dados geoquímicos, mais precisamente os dados de COT, S, IH, S2 para uma caracterização realística das eletrofácies. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de três sondagens rotativas realizadas na Bacia de Taubaté, resultantes de testemunhagem contínua e perfilagem a cabo ao longo do intervalo de folhelhos da Formação Tremembé. A partir disto, obtém-se como resposta um modelo específico para cada litologia, onde cada pico corresponde a uma eletrofácies, permitindo o estabelecimento de alguns padrões ou assinaturas geofísicas para as principais fácies ocorrentes. Como resultado deste trabalho, foi possível correlacionar as eletrofácies entre os poços numa seção modelo, a partir de similaridade lateral das eletrofácies entre os marcos estratigráficos representado, foi possível observar a continuidade de duas sequências de folhelhos betuminoso com alto teores de COT, S, IH, S2, considerados os mais importantes do ponto de vista econômico e gerado um modelo faciológico 2D e 3D dessas camadas. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho são bastante promissores, apontando para a possibilidade de aplicação desta técnica a outros poços da Bacia de Taubaté, fornecendo subsídios relevantes à determinação da evolução sedimentar. / At the Cenozoic deposits in the Taubaté Basin are found deposits of bituminous shale (oil Shale) belonging to Tremembé Formation, Oligocene, which for some years in the 50s were investigated with respect to its economic exploitation by the industrial extraction of oil contained therein. However, in the face of technological issues and conjuncture of this time, the industrial use was considered unfeasible economically. This dissertation proposed an application of geophysical Well Log for the faciology characterization of bituminous shale in Tremembé Formation, having as main objective the identification of electrofacies on electric logs, through a robust and consistent methodology. The identification of electrofacies is important to help determine the characterization of an unconventional reserves and economic viability analysis. In this study we used the conventional Well Logs: Gama Ray, resistivity, spontaneous potential and sonic. Data from well logs were integrated with the core and geochemical data, specifically data from TOC, S, IH, S2 for a realistic characterization of electrofacies. Data were obtained from three Wells in Taubaté Basin, resulting from continuous coring and wireline log along the Tremembé Formation shales. From this response is obtained as a model for each lithology, where each peak corresponds to an electrofacies, allowing the establishment of some patterns geophysical for the main facies occurring. As a result of this study, it was possible to correlate the electrofacies between wells in a section model, from sideways similarity of electrofacies between the represented marks stratigraphic , It was possible to observe the continuity of two sequences of bituminous shales with high TOC, S, IH , S2, which are considered the most important of point of economic view, and generated a 2D and 3D facies model of these layers. The present results are very promising, pointing to the possibility of applying this technique to other wells in the Basin Taubaté, providing subsidies relevant to the determination of sedimentary evolution.