An examination of the stanzas of The Faerie Queene reveals a structural complexity that prosodists have not previously discovered. In the prosody of Spenser's epic, two formal prosodic orders function simultaneously. One is the visible structure that has long been acknowledged and studied, eight decasyllabic lines and an alexandrine bound into a coherent entity by a set meter and rhyme scheme. The second is an order made apparent by an oral reading and which involves speech stresses, syntactical groupings, caesura placements, and enjambments. In an audible reading, elements are revealed that oppose the structural integrity of the visible form. The lines cease to be iambic, because most lines contain some irregularities that are incongruent with the meter. The visible structure is further counterpointed by Spenser's free use of caesura and frequent employment of enjambment to create a constantly varying structure of different line lengths in the audible form. This study also examines precedents that Spenser could have known for the union of music and poetry. English lyric poetry written for existing melodies is analyzedand the French experiments with quantitative verse supported with musical settings are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the musical associations of the Orlando furioso, particularly its relation to the tradition of singing narrative poetry to folk melodies. Internal support for the thesis that Spenser deliberately employed musical techniques in his prosody comes from his use of the Tudor masque in the structure of the epic. Evidence is offered to show that the processional masque is the unifying foundation for the whole of The Faerie Queene, A characteristic of the sixteenth-century masque was its combination of art forms, and Spenser found a method for integrating the arts of music and literature. Spenser uses musical techniques in the prosody that he could have expected would echo musical experiences of his reader, thereby creating the accompanying music. The musical techniques not only unify the individual stanzas; they also integrate the prosody with the larger organizing plan of the epic,

This thesis takes as its starting point current views on the relationship between man and god in Archaic and Classical Greek literature, according to which mortality and immortality are primarily temporal concepts and, therefore, mutually exclusive. This thesis aims to show that this mutual exclusivity between mortality and immortality is emphasised only in certain poetic genres, while others, namely those centred on extraordinary achievements or exceptional moments in the life of a mortal, can reduce the temporal notion of immortality and emphasise instead the happiness, success, and undisturbed existence that characterise divine life. Here, the paradox of momentary immortality emerges as something attainable to mortals in the poetic representation of certain occasions. The chapters of this thesis pursue such notions of momentary immortality in the wedding ceremony, as presented through wedding songs, in celebrations for athletic victory, as presented through the epinician, and at certain stages of the tragic plot. In the chapter on the wedding song, the discussion focuses on explicit comparisons between the beauty of bride and bridegroom and that of heroes or gods, and between their happiness and divine bliss. The chapter on the epinician analyses the parallelism between the achievement of victory and the exploits of mythical heroes, and argues for a parallelism between the victory celebration and immortalisation. Finally, the chapter on tragedy examines how characters are perceived as godlike because of their beauty, success, or power, and discusses how these perceptions are exploited by the tragedians for certain effects. By examining features of a rhetoric of praise, this thesis is not concerned with the beliefs or expectations of the author, the recipient of praise, or the surrounding milieu. It rather intends to elucidate how moments conceived of as extraordinary are communicated in poetry.

A cisão do eu é um tema literário. Há mesmo uma literatura do eu cindido. Ele aparece em todas as literaturas do mundo e á parte do tema mais amplo do duplo, que também aparece em toda literatura e em todo gênero literário. Mas o eu cindido, ou a cisão subjetiva do eu, é um assunto peculiar à Lírica, por causa do seu caráter subjetivo, ao contrário do duplo em outros gêneros literários, como o Drama e a Narrativa, que apresentam um caráter objetivo. Este trabalho tem como objetivo o estudo da cisão subjetiva na lírica portuguesa para demonstrar que a cisão do eu poético na lírica portuguesa é um tema presente na literatura portuguesa do século XVI e do século XX. Nosso método de trabalho incluiu uma pesquisa para fixar um corpus poético dos dois séculos, uma comparação entre eles, e a leitura de obras críticas e filosóficas relacionadas a este tema para tentar esboçar uma conclusão. Nosso corpus poético inclui poemas de Jorge Manrique, Francisco de Sá de Miranda, Bernardim Ribeiro, Luís Vaz de Camões (no século XVI); e de Mário de Sá-Carneiro, Fernando Pessoa, Alexandre ONeill, Maria Teresa Horta (no século XX). Nossas obras filosóficas consultadas mais importantes foram Discurso sobre a dignidade do homem, de Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola; Elogio da loucura, de Erasmo de Roterdam; Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos, de Karl Marx; e O ser e o nada, de Jean-Paul Sartre. Concluímos que a lírica portuguesa do século XX retoma o tema da cisão subjetiva do eu em vários poemas escritos por muitos dos mais importantes poetas do século, mas com uma concepção moderna de Literatura. / The divided self is literary theme. There is really a literature of the second self. It appears in all literatures around the world, and it is a part of the larger theme of the double, which also appears in all literature and in all literary genus. But the divided self, or the subjective scission of the self, is a peculiar topic of the lyric poetry, because of its subjective character, on the contrary of the double in others literary genus, as the drama or the narrative, which presents an objective character. This work means to make a study on the divided self in Portuguese lyric poetry, to demonstrate that this theme, which appears in sixteenth centurys Portuguese literature, also appears in twentieth centurys Portuguese literature. Our method of work included a research to set a corpus of poems of the both centuries, a confrontation between them, and the reading of philosophical and critical works concerning on this theme, to try to draw a conclusion. Our poetic corpus includes poems from Jorge Manrique, Francisco de Sá de Miranda, Bernardim Ribeiro, Luís Vaz de Camões (in the sixteenth century); and from Mário de Sá-Carneiro, Fernando Pessoa, Alexandre ONeill, Maria Teresa Horta (in the twentieth century). And our most important philosophical works were Giovanni Pico Della Mirandolas Oratio de hominis Dignitate, Erasmo de Roterdams Elogio da Loucura, Karl Marxs Manuscritos econômicofilosóficos, and Jean-Paul Sartres O ser e o nada. We concluded that the twentieth Portuguese lyric poetry retakes the theme of the subjective scission of the self in several poems written by many of the most important poets of the century, but as a modern conception of literature.

In this analytical research paper, the notions of narrator and narration in poetry are discussed in order to identify why the terminology in this particular genre is considered as problematic by most theorists. In its theoretical section, this paper focuses on Philippe Lejeune’s autobiographical and biographical pacts, and shows the limits of the two reading contracts in the poetical genre. Then, on the background of Brian McHale and Stefan Kjerkegaard’s works on segmentivity, this paper explains the narrative process that can be found in the visual form of poetry. Finally, discussing Brian McAllister and Marie-Laure Ryan’s works on narrativity, this study explains that a story is a mental image that the transposition to a media will transform in order to best represent according to its own limits. In its analytical part, and mirroring the theoretical part, this study focuses on identifying the narrator, the narrative process, as well as the degree of narrativity of four poems by David Diop, Charles Pennequin, Ilse Garnier and Pierre Garnier. Thoses poems, chosen on the ground that they are good representative examples of narrative poetry, lyric poetry and visual poetry, help test the theories in practice. The results show that in the narrative poem, although the identity of the narrator is hard to establish, the narrative process is clear and the degree of narrativity is high. In the lyric and visual poems on the other hand, even if the segmentivity theory helps ‘reconstruct’ the narration when linking words are missing, the difficulty to identify narrative events in the lyric poem and a story world in the case of the visual poetry makes the emergence of a story world, and in turn of a narrator, problematic.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:27:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Susana Aparecida da Silva.pdf: 2277221 bytes, checksum: 9d74e7ccb72f35d3c4d7df842a7aed32 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research aims to exegetical analysis on Ct 5,9-16. This section contains a description of the female beloved by the male beloved. To the question of Jerusalem's daughters about the male beloved superiority (v. 9), the female beloved responds with a song, a wasf in which exalts your loved above all men (v. 10). For this, she describes some physical traits (vv. 10-15), starting from the head (v. 11), holding up in the face of some details (vv. 12-13), passes through the hands, trunk and legs (vv. 14-15) and concludes with an exclamation affection and admiration (v. 16). As a canon and considered inspired book, the words written in language and poetic style seems to contain not only a description of the erotic male figure, but also contains images with a theological symbolism referring to the God of the Old Israel. It is therefore specific purpose of this study to understand and interpret Ct 5.9 to 16, in order to understand how the Israel of God is revealed through the loving description of the beloved, not only exalts the figure of the male human body, but also refers the poetic symbols of the divine character / A presente pesquisa tem como finalidade a análise exegética de Ct 5,9-16. Este trecho contém uma descrição do amado por parte da amada. À questão das filhas de Jerusalém a respeito da superioridade do amado (v. 9), a amada responde com um cântico, um wasf, no qual exalta o seu amado acima de todos os homens (v. 10). Para isto, ela descreve alguns traços corporais (vv. 10-15), partindo da cabeça (v. 11), detendo-se em alguns detalhes da face (vv. 12-13), passa pelas mãos, o tronco e as pernas (vv. 14-15) e conclui com uma exclamação de afeto e admiração (v. 16). Como um livro canônico e considerado inspirado, o trecho escrito em linguagem e estilo poético parece conter não somente uma descrição erótica da figura masculina, mas também contém imagens com um simbolismo teológico referente ao Deus do Antigo Israel. Portanto, é objetivo específico do presente estudo compreender e interpretar Ct 5,9-16, no sentido de entender como o Deus de Israel se revela através da descrição amorosa da amada, que não somente exalta a figura do corpo humano masculino, mas também remete aos símbolos poéticos dos caracteres divinos

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-15T13:31:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO FINAL.pdf: 227924 bytes, checksum: 0ef04eeda9912cf002fad18668155e13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-22 / Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior / In this thesis we present a study of the urban and metapoetic lyricism by the Carioca writer Reynaldo Valinho Alvarez (1931), through the thematic analysis in consonance with the interpretation of lyric structures. Fictionist, poet, essayist and author of books for children and youths, Reynaldo Valinho Alvarez is considered by national and foreign critics one of the most important authors of the contemporary Brazilian poetry, being one of the most important of the so-called 1960 s generation. The main theme of this work is centered in the image of the city as a fundamental aspect of the structuring of an urban contemporary poetics. Thus, we will analyze the multiple urban forms, taking into consideration the dialog between literature and other forms of representation of the urban. The corpus analyzed is formed by the poems that represent the urban theme which are spread throughout his production. We see in this author, mainly, scenes of the big city (particularly of Rio de Janeiro), place of his social and existential experiences. With this work we aim to contribute to the enlargement of his critical fortune and to the critical deepening of his studies of the contemporary Brazilian lyric poetry. Therefore, we count on the group of the poetic work of the author and on a considerable critical fortune of his books, besides a significant theoretical framework about the issues approached in this literary analysis. / Nesta disserta??o apresentamos um estudo do lirismo urbano e metapoem?tico na po?tica do escritor carioca Reynaldo Valinho Alvarez (1931), atrav?s da an?lise tem?tica em conson?ncia com a interpreta??o das estruturas l?ricas. Ficcionista, poeta, ensa?sta e autor de literatura infanto-juvenil, Reynaldo Valinho Alvarez ? apontado pela cr?tica nacional e estrangeira como um dos principais autores da poesia brasileira contempor?nea, sendo um dos principais nomes da chamada Gera??o 60. A problem?tica central deste trabalho gira em torno da imagem de cidade enquanto aspecto fundamental na estrutura??o de uma po?tica contempor?nea de car?ter urbano. Sendo assim, analisaremos as m?ltiplas figura??es urbanas, levando-se em considera??o o di?logo entre a literatura e outras formas de representa??o do urbano. O corpus analisado ? constitu?do pelos poemas que apresentam a tem?tica urbana espalhados ao longo da sua produ??o. Verificamos, neste autor, principalmente, cenas da cidade grande (particularmente o Rio de Janeiro), lugar das suas experi?ncias existenciais e sociais. Com este trabalho, pretendemos contribuir para a amplia??o da sua fortuna cr?tica e para o aprofundamento cr?tico dos estudos da l?rica brasileira contempor?nea. Para tanto, contamos com o conjunto da obra po?tica do autor analisado e uma consider?vel fortuna cr?tica sobre seus livros, al?m de um significativo referencial te?rico acerca das quest?es que s?o abordadas nesta an?lise liter?ria.

La thèse propose une nouvelle édition critique du corpus lyrique du troubadour Guilhem Figueira (BdT 217), originaire de Toulouse mais actif principalement en Italie du Nord dans la première moitié du XIIIe siècle. Poète représentatif du climat historique et culturel toulousain à l’époque de la croisade contre les Albigeois, protagoniste de la diaspora de poètes et intellectuels et membre d’un cercle idéal de troubadours frédériciens, Figueira nous a laissé une chanson d’amour, deux sirventes contre la papauté de Rome et les faux clergés, deux sirventes pour Frédéric II et deux chansons de croisade. Il échangea aussi deux coblas et une tenson avec Aimeric de Peguilhan (BdT 10). Par rapport à l’édition de référence (Emil Levy, 1880) on a inclus une cobla esparsa anonyme contre Sordel (BdT 437) conservé dans le chansonnier P ; par contre, on a décidé de ne pas accueillir les deux pièces qui lui sont attribuées par le chansonnier a2. On a fourni une étude de la tradition manuscrite, qui compte aujourd’hui cinq nouveaux témoins, avec une mise à jour de la bibliographie ; une étude des thèmes, de la métrique et de la langue de Figueira, une traduction des pièces en italien et un commentaire ponctuel des textes ; un glossaire complet et deux annexes (l’édition du sirventes BdT 217.4a qu’on n’a pas jugé authentique mais qui sert pour l’interprétation d’une autre poésie et les premiers résultats d’une recherche sur Emil Levy éditeur de troubadours, avec l’édition de neuf lettres qu’il envoya à Ernesto Monaci entre 1879 et 1887 et que nous avons trouvé à Rome). / The thesis proposes a new critical edition of the lyric production by Guilhem Figueira (BdT 217), who was born in Toulouse and active during the first half of the XIIIth century, mainly in Northern Italy. Figueira’s corpus is representative of the historical and cultural climate in Toulouse during the Albigensian crusade; he was himself a protagonist of the diaspora of poets and intellectuals and a member of an ideal circle of Friderician troubadours. He left a love song, two sirventes against the papacy and the false clergy, two sirventes for Frederic II and two crusade songs. He also exchanged two coblas and one tenson with Aimeric de Peguilhan (BdT 10). In comparison with the critical edition by Emil Levy (1880), we have included an anonymous cobla esparsa against Sordel (BdT 437), preserved by the chansonnier P; on the other hand, we have decided not to accept two other poems assigned to him by a2. The thesis opens with a study of the tradition, which today includes five new witnesses, with an update of the bibliography; we have provided a study of themes, metric and language of Figueira, an Italian translation and a punctual commentary of the poems; a complete glossary and two appendices (the edition of sirventes BdT 217.4a, which we considered inauthentic but helpful to the correct interpretation of another poem; and the first results of a research on Emil Levy editor of troubadours, with the edition of nine letters he sent to Ernesto Monaci between 1879 and 1887 that we have found in Rome).

A cisão do eu é um tema literário. Há mesmo uma literatura do eu cindido. Ele aparece em todas as literaturas do mundo e á parte do tema mais amplo do duplo, que também aparece em toda literatura e em todo gênero literário. Mas o eu cindido, ou a cisão subjetiva do eu, é um assunto peculiar à Lírica, por causa do seu caráter subjetivo, ao contrário do duplo em outros gêneros literários, como o Drama e a Narrativa, que apresentam um caráter objetivo. Este trabalho tem como objetivo o estudo da cisão subjetiva na lírica portuguesa para demonstrar que a cisão do eu poético na lírica portuguesa é um tema presente na literatura portuguesa do século XVI e do século XX. Nosso método de trabalho incluiu uma pesquisa para fixar um corpus poético dos dois séculos, uma comparação entre eles, e a leitura de obras críticas e filosóficas relacionadas a este tema para tentar esboçar uma conclusão. Nosso corpus poético inclui poemas de Jorge Manrique, Francisco de Sá de Miranda, Bernardim Ribeiro, Luís Vaz de Camões (no século XVI); e de Mário de Sá-Carneiro, Fernando Pessoa, Alexandre ONeill, Maria Teresa Horta (no século XX). Nossas obras filosóficas consultadas mais importantes foram Discurso sobre a dignidade do homem, de Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola; Elogio da loucura, de Erasmo de Roterdam; Manuscritos econômico-filosóficos, de Karl Marx; e O ser e o nada, de Jean-Paul Sartre. Concluímos que a lírica portuguesa do século XX retoma o tema da cisão subjetiva do eu em vários poemas escritos por muitos dos mais importantes poetas do século, mas com uma concepção moderna de Literatura. / The divided self is literary theme. There is really a literature of the second self. It appears in all literatures around the world, and it is a part of the larger theme of the double, which also appears in all literature and in all literary genus. But the divided self, or the subjective scission of the self, is a peculiar topic of the lyric poetry, because of its subjective character, on the contrary of the double in others literary genus, as the drama or the narrative, which presents an objective character. This work means to make a study on the divided self in Portuguese lyric poetry, to demonstrate that this theme, which appears in sixteenth centurys Portuguese literature, also appears in twentieth centurys Portuguese literature. Our method of work included a research to set a corpus of poems of the both centuries, a confrontation between them, and the reading of philosophical and critical works concerning on this theme, to try to draw a conclusion. Our poetic corpus includes poems from Jorge Manrique, Francisco de Sá de Miranda, Bernardim Ribeiro, Luís Vaz de Camões (in the sixteenth century); and from Mário de Sá-Carneiro, Fernando Pessoa, Alexandre ONeill, Maria Teresa Horta (in the twentieth century). And our most important philosophical works were Giovanni Pico Della Mirandolas Oratio de hominis Dignitate, Erasmo de Roterdams Elogio da Loucura, Karl Marxs Manuscritos econômicofilosóficos, and Jean-Paul Sartres O ser e o nada. We concluded that the twentieth Portuguese lyric poetry retakes the theme of the subjective scission of the self in several poems written by many of the most important poets of the century, but as a modern conception of literature.

Aquest estudi versa, en l’àmbit de la poesia lírica i, especialment, elegíaca, sobre el rol del poeta i de la seva obra com a portadors de glòria i d’immortalitat, amb especial deteniment en el context d’execució de la poètica elegíaca històrico-commemorativa i els seus vincles amb la realitat dels cultes i de les pràctiques civico-polítiques contemporànies. / The subject of this work is directly related to the goals of the Network for the Study of Archaic and Classical Greek Song. It tries to achieve an interdisciplinary approach to Greek Elegy focusing the laudatory and heroic aspects. It consists in a study on the role of the poet and his poetry as vehicle for glory and immortality to the new heroes of the late archaic and classical polis.

Il lavoro si propone di dare l’edizione critica e commentata della produzione poetica volgare di Baldassar Castiglione e Cesare Gonzaga. Esso ricostruisce dettagliatamente la fortuna e la tradizione dei testi, indagando il contesto storico e geografico in cui le liriche dei due mantovani furono diffuse. Sono affrontati problemi attributivi, con l’espunzione di un testo apocrifo assegnato dalla vulgata a Castiglione, e la pubblicazione di diversi inediti. Il corpus totale delle rime extravaganti si attesta così a 32 componimenti, comprese le sei poesie che compongono la piccola silloge dedicata ad Elisabetta Gonzaga dai due cugini. I testi con tradizione multipla sono dotati di due fasce di apparato, di tipo negativo, in cui si raccolgono le varianti di tradizione, rispettivamente sostanziali e grafico-morfologiche. Il commento discute i rari casi in cui è possibile attribuire le varianti redazionali all’autore. Seguono le ottave pastorali del "Tirsi". Il commento ai testi, attraverso il reperimento di modelli e luoghi paralleli, oltre ad illustrare la progressiva adesione alla rigorosa imitazione petrarchesca (da Rvf e Trionfi) proposta dal Bembo, mostra il rapporto dei due autori con la poesia cortigiana contemporanea. / The paper aims to give a critical and annotated edition of vernacular poems by Baldassar Castiglione and Cesare Gonzaga. It reconstructs in detail the history of the circulation and tradition of the poems, and it examinates the historical and geographical context in which the texts were copied and spread. Attribution problems are discussed, an apocryphal poem is expunged from Castiglione’s corpus, unpublished texts are published. The whole corpus is composed of 32 texts, including the little collection of six lyric poems dedicated to Elisabetta Gonzaga. The negative apparatus is divided into two parts, where text variants and morphological differences between the witnesses are shown. Lyric poems are followed by the eclogue ‘Tirsi’. A commentary is provided, where models and parallel places are illustrated, aiming to highlight how the two poets pursued a faithful imitation of Petrarch poetry, following Pietro Bembo’s teachings, and showing their debts with the XVth Century court poetry.