Introdução - Práticas de embelezamento, como a tatuagem, a maquiagem definitiva, o piercing e a retirada de cutículas são comuns entre os brasileiros e frequentes nas diversas classes sociais, entre indivíduos de idades variadas e de ambos os sexos. Podem expor profissionais e usuários ao contato de agentes infecciosos veiculados pelo sangue, representando riscos de transmissão de doenças como hepatite B, hepatite C, AIDS e lesões dermatológicas. Objetivo - Investigar os procedimentos de biossegurança adotados pelos profissionais de embelezamento, manicure, pedicure, tatuagem, piercing e maquiagem definitiva no município de Jacareí-SP. Métodos - Foi utilizada uma abordagem descritiva e observacional de corte transversal. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre maio e junho de 2011. Quarenta profissionais foram entrevistados, 20 entrevistas foram realizadas em estabelecimentos localizados no centro da cidade e 20 em estabelecimentos nos dez bairros mais populosos do município. Utilizou-se questionário para avaliar conhecimentos e atitudes dos profissionais, bem como um formulário para a observação dos procedimentos destes profissionais e estrutura física dos estabelecimentos. Resultados - Verificou-se falta de conhecimento sobre biossegurança pelos profissionais, além do mais, a regulamentação destes serviços era deficiente. Embora 55 por cento dos profissionais tenham realizado treinamento, os procedimentos e a infra-estrutura dos estabelecimentos foram favoráveis à transmissão de doenças. Sobre os processos de limpeza, desinfecção e esterilização de instrumentais, nenhum dos entrevistados sabia o tempo e a temperatura ideal para a esterilização, 57,5 por cento tinham equipamento inadequado para sua realização e 80 por cento não tinham termostato ou termômetro no equipamento para a conferência da temperatura. Quanto à percepção do risco, apenas 57,5 por cento acreditavam que poderiam transmitir doenças infecciosas durante sua prática profissional. Quarenta e cinco por cento dos entrevistados relataram que já tiveram contato com sangue sem usar luvas. Outro problema observado foi a reutilização de materiais descartáveis. Apenas 7,5 por cento dispunham de pia para lavar as mãos junto ao local de atendimento ao cliente, somente 10 por cento possuíam área específica para a esterilização de instrumentais e 2,5 por cento pia exclusiva para a limpeza de materiais. Conclusões É necessário oferecer formação de qualidade sobre boas práticas de biossegurança a esses profissionais, além de normas claras e diretrizes pormenorizadas para a prevenção de infecções nesses serviços, bem como a melhoria da vigilância nesses estabelecimentos / Introduction - Beautification practices such as tattooing, permanent makeup, piercing and removal of cuticles are common and frequent among Brazilians in the various social classes, between individuals of different ages and both sexes. Professionals and many exposed users to the contact of blood-borne infectious agents, representing risks of transmitting diseases such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, AIDS and skin lesions. Objective - To investigate biosafety procedures adopted by beauty professionals, manicure, pedicure, tattoo, piercing and permanent makeup in the city of Jacareí-SP. Methods - We used a descriptive, observational and crosssectional approach. The field research was conducted between May and June 2011. Forty professionals were surveyed, with 20 interviews conducted in establishments located in the city center and 20 in establishments in the ten most populated districts of the municipality. We used the questionnaire to assess knowledge and attitudes of professionals as well as a formulary for the observation of professional procedures and physical structure of establishments. Results - It has been found lack of knowledge on biosafety by the professionals and, in addition, the regulation of these services was uneffective. Although 55 per cent of professionals had attended training courses, the procedures and establishments infrastructure were favorable to disease transmission. Regarding the processes of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of instruments, none of interviewed knew the ideal time and temperature for sterilization, 57.5 per cent had inadequate equipment for its functioning and 80 per cent had no thermostat or thermometer in the equipment for the checking of the temperature. As for the perception of risk, only 57.5 per cent believed they could transmit infectious diseases during their professional practice. Forty-five percent of respondents reported having contact with blood without wearing gloves. Another problem observed was the reuse of disposables. Only 7.5 per cent had a sink for hand washing near the place of customer service, only 10 per cent had a specific area for sterilization of instruments and 2.5 per cent had exclusive sink for the cleaning of materials. Conclusion - It is necessary to provide quality training to these professionals on good biosafety practices and standards and detailed guidelines for the prevention of infections in these services as well as improvement of the surveillance of these establishments.

Durante séculos, cosméticos têm sido utilizados nas mais diversas sociedades. Entretanto, quando se trata de maquiagem facial, o processo de escolha de um produto ainda é um desafio, pois é um trabalho manual que demanda tempo, além de consumir a maquiagem em si e outros materiais para aplicação e limpeza. Esse processo manual também dificulta a experimentação de vários produtos diferentes devido à necessidade de limpeza da pele para retirada de um produto aplicado anteriormente. Assim, um sistema de simulação de maquiagem utilizando realidade aumentada pode facilitar esse processo, permitindo a experimentação com a combinação de produtos e a comparação dos resultados, além de permitir experimentar os produtos virtualmente, pela internet por exemplo. Trabalhos existentes sobre esse tema permitem ao usuário aplicar a maquiagem sobre uma foto, ou mesmo um vídeo, do próprio usuário. A interação é feita por meio de mouse ou toque de um dedo sobre um monitor sensível a toques como se o usuário aplicasse maquiagem em uma terceira pessoa. Nesta dissertação propomos o desenvolvimento do SelfMakeup, um sistema de realidade aumentada que permite a autoaplicação de maquiagem virtual por meio de toques feitos diretamente na face ao invés de toques no monitor. A nossa hipótese é que essa forma de interação seja mais natural e forneça ao usuário uma melhor experiência ao testar produtos virtuais de maquiagem. O primeiro passo para viabilizar o SelfMakeup foi o desenvolvimento de um método para estimar a po- sição de toques na face utilizando uma câmera RGBD. Realizamos testes para avaliar o desempenho desse método e verificamos que a sua acurácia e precisão se mostraram adequadas para o propósito desta pesquisa. Em seguida, projetamos a interface gráfica do sistema para aplicação de maquiagem virtual. A interface per- mite efeitos de destaque e sombreamento que simulam os efeitos provocados pela aplicação de produtos reais de maquiagem. Resultados de um teste piloto do nosso protótipo com 32 usuários sugerem que o SelfMa- keup, por utilizar toques diretamente na face, oferece uma melhor experiência ao usuário na experimentação de produtos virtuais de maquiagem. / For centuries, cosmetics have been used in the most diverse societies. However, when it comes to facial makeup, the process of choosing a product is still a challenge because it is a manual work that takes time, to consumes the makeup itself and other materials for application and cleaning. This manual process also makes it difficult to experiment a number of different products due to the need to clean the face to remove a previously applied product. Thus, a makeup simulation system using augmented reality can facilitate this process, allowing experimentation with the combination of products and the comparison of the results, as well as allowing to experience the products virtually and remotely, through the internet for example. Exis- ting works on this theme allow the user to apply the makeup on a photo or even a video of the user himself by means of a mouse or touch of a finger on a touch-sensitive monitor, as if the user applied makeup on a third person. In this dissertation we propose the development of SelfMakeup, an augmented reality system that allows the self-application of virtual makeup by means of touches made directly on the face, rather than touches on the monitor. Our hypothesis is that this interaction form is more natural and gives the user a better experience when testing virtual make-up products. The first step in enabling SelfMakeup was the develop- ment of a method to estimate the applicator touch position on the face using an RGBD camera. We performed tests to evaluate the performance of this method and verified that its accuracy and precision was adequate for the purpose of this research. Next, we designed the graphical interface of the system for applying vir- tual makeup. The interface allows highlighting and shading effects that simulate the effects of real makeup products. Results from a pilot experiment of our prototype with 32 volunteers suggest that SelfMakeup, by using touches directly on the face, provides a better user experience to try on virtual makeup products.

Introdução - Práticas de embelezamento, como a tatuagem, a maquiagem definitiva, o piercing e a retirada de cutículas são comuns entre os brasileiros e frequentes nas diversas classes sociais, entre indivíduos de idades variadas e de ambos os sexos. Podem expor profissionais e usuários ao contato de agentes infecciosos veiculados pelo sangue, representando riscos de transmissão de doenças como hepatite B, hepatite C, AIDS e lesões dermatológicas. Objetivo - Investigar os procedimentos de biossegurança adotados pelos profissionais de embelezamento, manicure, pedicure, tatuagem, piercing e maquiagem definitiva no município de Jacareí-SP. Métodos - Foi utilizada uma abordagem descritiva e observacional de corte transversal. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre maio e junho de 2011. Quarenta profissionais foram entrevistados, 20 entrevistas foram realizadas em estabelecimentos localizados no centro da cidade e 20 em estabelecimentos nos dez bairros mais populosos do município. Utilizou-se questionário para avaliar conhecimentos e atitudes dos profissionais, bem como um formulário para a observação dos procedimentos destes profissionais e estrutura física dos estabelecimentos. Resultados - Verificou-se falta de conhecimento sobre biossegurança pelos profissionais, além do mais, a regulamentação destes serviços era deficiente. Embora 55 por cento dos profissionais tenham realizado treinamento, os procedimentos e a infra-estrutura dos estabelecimentos foram favoráveis à transmissão de doenças. Sobre os processos de limpeza, desinfecção e esterilização de instrumentais, nenhum dos entrevistados sabia o tempo e a temperatura ideal para a esterilização, 57,5 por cento tinham equipamento inadequado para sua realização e 80 por cento não tinham termostato ou termômetro no equipamento para a conferência da temperatura. Quanto à percepção do risco, apenas 57,5 por cento acreditavam que poderiam transmitir doenças infecciosas durante sua prática profissional. Quarenta e cinco por cento dos entrevistados relataram que já tiveram contato com sangue sem usar luvas. Outro problema observado foi a reutilização de materiais descartáveis. Apenas 7,5 por cento dispunham de pia para lavar as mãos junto ao local de atendimento ao cliente, somente 10 por cento possuíam área específica para a esterilização de instrumentais e 2,5 por cento pia exclusiva para a limpeza de materiais. Conclusões É necessário oferecer formação de qualidade sobre boas práticas de biossegurança a esses profissionais, além de normas claras e diretrizes pormenorizadas para a prevenção de infecções nesses serviços, bem como a melhoria da vigilância nesses estabelecimentos / Introduction - Beautification practices such as tattooing, permanent makeup, piercing and removal of cuticles are common and frequent among Brazilians in the various social classes, between individuals of different ages and both sexes. Professionals and many exposed users to the contact of blood-borne infectious agents, representing risks of transmitting diseases such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, AIDS and skin lesions. Objective - To investigate biosafety procedures adopted by beauty professionals, manicure, pedicure, tattoo, piercing and permanent makeup in the city of Jacareí-SP. Methods - We used a descriptive, observational and crosssectional approach. The field research was conducted between May and June 2011. Forty professionals were surveyed, with 20 interviews conducted in establishments located in the city center and 20 in establishments in the ten most populated districts of the municipality. We used the questionnaire to assess knowledge and attitudes of professionals as well as a formulary for the observation of professional procedures and physical structure of establishments. Results - It has been found lack of knowledge on biosafety by the professionals and, in addition, the regulation of these services was uneffective. Although 55 per cent of professionals had attended training courses, the procedures and establishments infrastructure were favorable to disease transmission. Regarding the processes of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of instruments, none of interviewed knew the ideal time and temperature for sterilization, 57.5 per cent had inadequate equipment for its functioning and 80 per cent had no thermostat or thermometer in the equipment for the checking of the temperature. As for the perception of risk, only 57.5 per cent believed they could transmit infectious diseases during their professional practice. Forty-five percent of respondents reported having contact with blood without wearing gloves. Another problem observed was the reuse of disposables. Only 7.5 per cent had a sink for hand washing near the place of customer service, only 10 per cent had a specific area for sterilization of instruments and 2.5 per cent had exclusive sink for the cleaning of materials. Conclusion - It is necessary to provide quality training to these professionals on good biosafety practices and standards and detailed guidelines for the prevention of infections in these services as well as improvement of the surveillance of these establishments.

Actualmente, nuestro mundo cambia vertiginosamente y en los últimos años el avance de la tecnología ha ido revolucionando el mundo pasando de ciencia ficción a una realidad. Hoy en día el comportamiento del consumidor varía día a día, surgiendo nuevas tendencias, los consumidores cada vez son mucho más exigentes, la comunicación digital se ha convertido en una pieza clave, constituyéndose en una herramienta muy valiosa al momento de adquirir un producto. Esta tendencia digital que actualmente vivimos se debe a que la tecnología ha traído consigo la aparición de buscadores, blogs, almacenamiento online, redes sociales, entre otros. Las redes sociales desde su creación han ganado espacio dentro de millones de personas, principalmente porque han permitido el acceso y la difusión de información de una manera más rápida, ahora dedicamos gran parte de nuestro tiempo al uso del Internet, pues es mucho más accesible comunicarnos por este medio considerando que parte de nuestra vida social se ha trasladado a la web. La manera como nos comunicamos también se viene adaptando a este creciente desarrollo tecnológico sobre todo para la población menor a los 35 años de edad en la cual se ha visto la influencia de este desarrollo sobre todo a la hora de adquirir un producto, considerando que estos cada vez resultan más exquisitos con al tomar una decisión en su compra. Dicha población se deja llevar mucho por las recomendaciones y opiniones de los demás. De este modo, las compañías buscan mejorar la opinión que los distintos usuarios tienen acerca de sus productos. Es por ello que actualmente se está usando la estrategia del marketing de influencia, una nueva técnica de publicidad que identifica a los líderes de opinión que pueden ayudar a una marca a conectar de forma más natural y espontánea con su público objetivo. Esto se debe a que los usuarios digitales están en constante búsqueda de información, comentarios y valoraciones en internet acerca de productos y servicios. Es así como en el caso de la industria de la belleza, específicamente en el maquillaje, las empresas han visto esta oportunidad y han sabido aprovecharla realizando acciones con influencers principalmente con el fin de captar nuevas audiencias y fidelizar a los seguidores existentes. De esta manera, la presente investigación identificará el papel que ejercen los influencers digitales en la decisión de compra de productos de maquillaje en los millennials del NSE A y B del sector 7 de Lima Metropolitana. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación es exploratoria y concluyente cuantitativa puesto que la exploratoria nos ayudó a recopilar información para comprender la situación del problema en la actualidad y la concluyente nos permitió determinar, evaluar y elegir la información para comprobar las hipótesis planteadas. Asimismo, la presente investigación cuenta con un enfoque mixto, la cual se estructuró de la siguiente manera:  Entrevistas a profundidad  Focus group  Encuestas. / Currently, our world changes faster than ever and in recent years, a series of revolutionary technologies have gone from being something from science fiction to reality. Technology advances by leaps and bounds, consumer behavior changes day by day, new trends emerge, consumers become much more demanding and the way they communicate is now different. This digital trend we are currently experiencing is due to the fact that technology has brought with it the appearance of search engines, blogs, online storage, social networks, among others. Social networks since its inception have gained space within millions of people, mainly because they have allowed access and dissemination of information in an easier way, now we spend more time on the Internet because it seems faster and easier to communicate by this means. So, a good part of our social life has been transferred to the web. The ways we communicate have also adapted to this growing technological development, especially for the population under 35 years of age, since they grew at the same time as this development. Young people under 35 are getting more and more exquisite with each purchase decision, they get carried away by the recommendations and opinions of others. In this way, companies seek to improve the opinion that different users have about their products. That is why the influence marketing strategy is currently being used, a new advertising technique that identifies the opinion leaders that can help a brand to connect more naturally and spontaneously with its target audience. This is because digital users are constantly searching for information, comments and ratings on the internet about products and services. In the case of the beauty industry, specifically in makeup, companies have seen this opportunity and have taken advantage of doing actions with influencers mainly in order to attract new audiences and retain existing followers. In this way, this research will identify the role of digital influencers in the decision to purchase make-up products in the millennials of NSE A and B of sector 7 of Metropolitan Lima. The methodology used was exploratory and quantitative conclusive since the exploratory helped us to gather information to understand the situation of the problem at the moment and the conclusive one allowed us to determine, evaluate and choose the information to verify the hypotheses. Likewise, this research has a mixed approach, which was structured as follows: In-depth interviews, focus group and surveys. / Tesis

The act of applying makeup is a ritual shared by many, often beginning at an early age. Though makeup is presented as a final product in the public sphere, the process of applying makeup can be just as, if not more important. This thesis acts as the theoretical basis for my digital art project, Facing the World. My work gives insight into the lesser understood motivations behind wearing makeup while shedding the stigma that wearing it is merely a superficial act or sign of vanity. The project Facing the World presents the makeup routines and personal narratives of seven women to uncover the merits of cosmetics as a means of identity creation, self-care, and mindful reflection. The work is exhibited as a single channel looped video of approximately twenty minutes with the corresponding subject’s audio portion played over headphones.

Durante séculos, cosméticos têm sido utilizados nas mais diversas sociedades. Entretanto, quando se trata de maquiagem facial, o processo de escolha de um produto ainda é um desafio, pois é um trabalho manual que demanda tempo, além de consumir a maquiagem em si e outros materiais para aplicação e limpeza. Esse processo manual também dificulta a experimentação de vários produtos diferentes devido à necessidade de limpeza da pele para retirada de um produto aplicado anteriormente. Assim, um sistema de simulação de maquiagem utilizando realidade aumentada pode facilitar esse processo, permitindo a experimentação com a combinação de produtos e a comparação dos resultados, além de permitir experimentar os produtos virtualmente, pela internet por exemplo. Trabalhos existentes sobre esse tema permitem ao usuário aplicar a maquiagem sobre uma foto, ou mesmo um vídeo, do próprio usuário. A interação é feita por meio de mouse ou toque de um dedo sobre um monitor sensível a toques como se o usuário aplicasse maquiagem em uma terceira pessoa. Nesta dissertação propomos o desenvolvimento do SelfMakeup, um sistema de realidade aumentada que permite a autoaplicação de maquiagem virtual por meio de toques feitos diretamente na face ao invés de toques no monitor. A nossa hipótese é que essa forma de interação seja mais natural e forneça ao usuário uma melhor experiência ao testar produtos virtuais de maquiagem. O primeiro passo para viabilizar o SelfMakeup foi o desenvolvimento de um método para estimar a po- sição de toques na face utilizando uma câmera RGBD. Realizamos testes para avaliar o desempenho desse método e verificamos que a sua acurácia e precisão se mostraram adequadas para o propósito desta pesquisa. Em seguida, projetamos a interface gráfica do sistema para aplicação de maquiagem virtual. A interface per- mite efeitos de destaque e sombreamento que simulam os efeitos provocados pela aplicação de produtos reais de maquiagem. Resultados de um teste piloto do nosso protótipo com 32 usuários sugerem que o SelfMa- keup, por utilizar toques diretamente na face, oferece uma melhor experiência ao usuário na experimentação de produtos virtuais de maquiagem. / For centuries, cosmetics have been used in the most diverse societies. However, when it comes to facial makeup, the process of choosing a product is still a challenge because it is a manual work that takes time, to consumes the makeup itself and other materials for application and cleaning. This manual process also makes it difficult to experiment a number of different products due to the need to clean the face to remove a previously applied product. Thus, a makeup simulation system using augmented reality can facilitate this process, allowing experimentation with the combination of products and the comparison of the results, as well as allowing to experience the products virtually and remotely, through the internet for example. Exis- ting works on this theme allow the user to apply the makeup on a photo or even a video of the user himself by means of a mouse or touch of a finger on a touch-sensitive monitor, as if the user applied makeup on a third person. In this dissertation we propose the development of SelfMakeup, an augmented reality system that allows the self-application of virtual makeup by means of touches made directly on the face, rather than touches on the monitor. Our hypothesis is that this interaction form is more natural and gives the user a better experience when testing virtual make-up products. The first step in enabling SelfMakeup was the develop- ment of a method to estimate the applicator touch position on the face using an RGBD camera. We performed tests to evaluate the performance of this method and verified that its accuracy and precision was adequate for the purpose of this research. Next, we designed the graphical interface of the system for applying vir- tual makeup. The interface allows highlighting and shading effects that simulate the effects of real makeup products. Results from a pilot experiment of our prototype with 32 volunteers suggest that SelfMakeup, by using touches directly on the face, provides a better user experience to try on virtual makeup products.

The aim of this bachelor thesis is to examine which experiential dimensions that are perceived as important for customers and how these dimensions are delivered by Swedish beauty and makeup retailers. The focus is to examine how their physical in-store environments succeeds with delivering extraordinary customer experiences. The thesis is conducted through a deductive approach and a quantitative research method have been implemented. Further on, the software Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) have been used to process the data collected from an online questionnaire. The empirical findings were then calculated into six variables that were analyses and discussed in relation to existing theories to strengthen and improve the research of customer experience. The thesis found that experiential dimensions of interaction, emotion, differentiation and in-store technologies are considered as important by customers within the age of 18-30, when creating extraordinary customer experiences in the context of beauty and makeup in-store environments. Moreover, the collected data prove that Swedish Beauty and makeup stores fails to deliver these four dimensions in the extent to create extraordinary customer experiences. Customers of today want new and interesting in-store environments, which means that retailers need to permanently elaborate their environments with unique design element within these dimensions to deliver memorable customer experiences. The result from this thesis can be used by beauty and makeup retailers and other industries to increase their delivery of extraordinary customer experience.

Most mature oil reservoirs or fields tend to perform below expectations, owing to high level of associated gas production. This creates a sub-optimal performance of the oil production surface facilities; increasing oil production specific operating cost. In many scenarios oil companies flare/vent this gas. In addition to oil production constraints, associated gas flaring and venting consists an environmental disasters and economic waste. Significant steps are now being devised to utilise associated gas using different exploitation techniques. Most of the technologies requires large associated gas throughput. However, small-scale associated gas resources and non-associated natural gas reserves (commonly referred to as stranded gas or marginal field) remains largely unexploited. Thus, the objective of this thesis is to evaluate techno- economic of gas turbine engines for onsite electric power generation called gas- to-wire (GTW) using the small-scaled associated gas resources. The range of stranded flared associated gas and non-associated gas reserves considered is around 10 billion to 1 trillion standard cubic feet undergoing production decline. The gas turbine engines considered for power plant in this study are based on simple cycle or combustion turbines. Simple cycle choice of power-plant is conceived to meet certain flexibility in power plant capacity factor and availability during production decline. In addition, it represents the basic power plant module cable of being developed into other power plant types in future to meet different local energy requirements. This study developed a novel gas-to-wire techno-economic and risk analysis framework, with capability for probabilistic uncertainty analysis using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method. It comprises an iterative calculation of the probabilistic recoverable reserves with decline module and power plant thermodynamic performance module enabled by Turbomatch (an in-house code) and Gas Turb® software coupled with economic risk modules with @Risk® commercial software. This algorithm is a useful tool for simulating the interaction between disrupted gas production profiles induced by production decline and its effect on power plant techno-economic performance over associated gas utilization economic life. Furthermore, a divestment and make- up fuel protocol is proposed for management of gas turbine engine units to mitigate economical underperformance of power plant regime experienced due to production decline. The results show that utilization of associated gas for onsite power generation is a promising technology for converting waste to energy. Though, associated gas composition can be significant to gas turbine performance but a typical Nigerian associated gas considered is as good as a regular natural gas. The majority of capital investment risk is associated with production decline both natural and manmade. Finally, the rate of capital investment returns decreases with smaller reserves.

"It's not a mask, it's an appendix". Reflections through text and moving image around the Beauty Community as a representative expression of individuality on the internet.  The Essay also contains thoughts around the authors artistical practice. / Documentation Photos of the Master Exam Exhibition "The Compliment Machine". The first edition of the essay was used as an appendix, complementary to the artworks.   Photographer: Jean Baptiste Béranger / Documentation Photo from the Essay Release organised 12 of april 2018 by fellow master students. The photo illustrates the presentation of the second and final edition of the essay. Photographer: Karolina Oxelväg / <p>The master work includes both a written and a performing part. </p><p>Masterarbetet består av en skriftlig och en gestaltande del.</p>

Ce travail de thèse questionne la perception de la féminité et sa relation au maquillage. Cette recherche est initiée par l’étude de l’impact du maquillage sur la modification d’une caractéristique du dimorphisme sexuel : le contraste facial (CF) (Russell, 2003, 2009). Nous avons démontré que malgré la pertinence du CF, celui-ci est insuffisant pour rendre compte du lien maquillage/féminité. Ces résultats nous interpellent quant à la seule présence du maquillage pour évaluer la féminité sans se référer aux caractéristiques biologiques. Le maquillage, par sa représentation sociale, est fortement lié à celle de la féminité. Le soin du corps qu’il représente en fait un élément central pour la féminité des femmes. Huguet et al. (2006) démontre l’existence d’un stéréotype « ce dont on a pris soin est bien » pouvant être activé par la présence de maquillage. Nous avons démontré l’existence d’une norme sociale astreignant les femmes à se maquiller pour être féminine, où le maquillage est une condition nécessaire pour obtenir non seulement des jugements de féminité élevés mais également un ensemble de caractéristiques positives. La perception de la féminité intègre dans son processus de réalisation à la fois des indices perceptifs mais fait également appel aux connaissances disponibles en mémoire, les stéréotypes, les représentations et les normes sociales rendues accessibles par le maquillage. Nous pouvons alors conclure que le maquillage n’est pas, par nature, féminin et positif mais qu’il est utilisé comme un élément de référence dans une conception multidimensionnelle de la féminité. / This project questions the perception of femininity and its relationship to make-up. It is prompted by the impact makeup has on the alteration of a sexual dimorphism characteristic : the facial contrast (FC) (Russell, 2003, 2009). We have shown that in spite the FC’s prominence, it remains insufficient to account for the link between make-up and femininity. The results challenge the presumption that makeup is present in assessing femininity, without taking into account biological characteristics. By its social representation, make-up is strongly linked to the idea of femininity. Because makeup is representative of self body-care in women, it becomes a central element for the representation of femininity. Huguet et al. (2006) demonstrates the existence of a stereotype such as « what has been cared for is good », which can be activated by the presence of makeup. We have demonstrated the existence of a social norm that compels women to wear make-up in order to be feminine exists, where makeup becomes a necessary condition for obtaining not only feminine judgements, but also a set of positive characteristics. The process of acknowledging the perception of femininity incorporates perceptive characteristics, as well as using available knowledge in memory, stereotypes, social representations and social norms brought to the fore by makeup. We can then conclude that make-up is not feminine and positive by nature, but that is used as a reference element in multi-dimensional perceptions of femininity.