Denna fallstudie avsåg att skapa förståelse för hur myndighetsanställda första linjens chefer upplever sina förutsättningar för att leda med tillitsbaserad styrning och ledning, och hur en övergripande reform av uppdraget för den myndighet de arbetar på påverkar dessa upplevda förutsättningar. Utifrån upplevelserna formulerades sedan åtgärder, för att stödja en utveckling av förutsättningarna.    Frågeställningarna var enligt följande:  • Hur upplever cheferna sina förutsättningar att leda sin verksamhet med ett tillitsbaserat förhållningssätt?  • Hur upplever cheferna att förutsättningarna för att leda med tillitsbaserad styrning och ledning har påverkats av myndighetens reformarbete?  • Vilka eventuella åtgärder kan tas för att öka förutsättningarna till att arbeta med tillitsbaserad ledning och styrning?    Datan samlades in genom semistrukturerade kvalitativa intervjuer, där resultatet visade att cheferna upplevde att de till viss del hade förutsättningar att leda med ett tillitsbaserat förhållningssätt. Resultatet visade vidare att myndighetens reform har påverkat dessa förutsättningar, genom att exempelvis styrningen blivit mer centraliserad. Ett antal potentiella åtgärder identifierades, och således uppfylldes studiens syfte. / This case study intended to create an understanding for how government employed first-line managers experience their conditions for governing with trust-based management and leadership, and how an overall reformation of the assignment of the authority they work at affects these perceived conditions. Based on these experiences measures were formulated, in order to support development of these conditions.    The research questions were as follows:  • How does the managers experience their conditions for leading with a trust-based approach?  • How does the managers experience that the conditions for leading with trust-based management and leadership have been affected by the reform of the authority?  • What measures can be taken to improve the conditions for working with trust-based management and leadership?    The data was collected through semi-structured qualitative interviews, where the result showed that the managers experienced that they had the conditions to lead with a trust-based approach to some extent. The results also showed that the reformation has affected these conditions, by, for example, the governance becoming more centralized. A number of potential measures were identified, thus fulfilling the purpose of this study. / <p>2021-06-06</p>

Idag lever organisationer i ett hårt klimat både genom finansiella svårigheter och en marknad som ständigt förändras och utvecklas. För att en organisation ska vara attraktiv och behålla sin konkurrenskraft måste organisationen ständigt förbättras. Det finns ett flertal studier som styrker påståendet att organisationskulturen påverkar prestationen i verksamheten. Arbete med kulturförändringar är avgörande för att en organisation ska utvecklas och ha rätt förutsättningar att lyckas även framåt i tiden. Att arbeta med kulturförändring och ständiga förbättringar handlar om att bidra till medarbetarnas motivation, arbetstillfredsställelse och effektivitet. Denna studie syftar till att öka förståelsen och kunskapen kring kulturförändringar, specifikt vad gäller medarbetarnas behov från ledarskapet och hur ledarens roll påverkar organisationers förmåga att optimera arbetet med kulturförändringar. Studien inleddes med en litteraturstudie genom att studera relevant teori för ämnet. Vetenskapliga artiklar söktes med sökorden kultur, kulturförändring, förändringsledning, ledarskap, delaktighet, utveckling och gemenskap. Studien utfördes genom en flermetodsforskning med en abduktiv ansats, i form av en fallstudie som forskningsdesign där fallstudien ses som ett representativt fall. Genom triangulering av datainsamlingsmetoder samlades data in genom litteraturundersökning, enkäter och semistrukturerade intervjuer. För att analysera insamlad data användes diagram, tematisering samt en kraftfältsanalys. Genom dataanalysen identifierades åtta stycken teman: Engagemang, Gemenskap, Delaktighet, Kommunikation, Arbetstillfredsställelse, Motivation, Utveckling Och Tillit &amp; Ansvar. Inom varje tema finns både med- och motkrafter i olika grader, där resultat och slutsats visar att organisationen besitter medkrafter såsom att våga prova och ha utrymme att misslyckas. Att organisationen är byråkratisk med bristande återkoppling anses vara några av motkrafterna inom förändringen. Utifrån förändringsfaserna visar resultatet att organisationen i stort och de olika avdelningarna har kommit olika långt i förändringen. Sammanfattningsvis bör organisationen fokusera på ett ledarskap med fokus på kommunikation samt ett ledarskap som höjer motivation och engagemang. / Today, organizations live in a tough climate both through financial difficulties and a market that is constantly changing and developing. For an organization to be attractive and maintain its competitiveness, the organization must constantly improve. There are several studies that support the claim that organizational culture affects performance in the business. The work with cultural changes is crucial for an organization to develop and have the right conditions to succeed in the future. Working with culture change and continuous improvement is about contributing to employee motivation, job satisfaction and efficiency. This study aims to increase the understanding and knowledge about cultural changes, specifically in terms of what employees need from the leadership and how the leader's role affects organizations' ability to optimize work with cultural changes. The study began with a literature study by studying relevant theory for the subject. Scientific articles were searched with the keywords culture, culture change, change management, leadership, participation, development and community. The study is carried out through a multi-method research with an abductive approach, in the form of a case study as a research design where the case study is seen as a representative case. Through triangulation of methods for data collection, the data is collected through literature research, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. To analyze the collected data, diagrams, thematization and a force field analysis were used. Through the data analysis, eight themes were identified: Commitment, Community, Participation, Communication, Job Satisfaction, Motivation, Development and Trust &amp; Responsibility. Within each theme there are both positive and negative forces in varying degrees. Results and conclusions show that the organization possesses positive forces such as daring to try and having room to fail. The fact that the organization is bureaucratic with a lack of feedback is considered to be some of the counter forces within the change. Based on the change phases, the results show that the organization as a whole and the various departments have progressed differently in the change. In summary, the organization should focus on leadership with a focus on communication as well as leadership that increases motivation and commitment.

Based on an interdisciplinary literature review, the authors propose the Communication Business Model (CBM) as a new management approach for corporate communications. To this end, pertinent definitions, frameworks and typologies of business models are analyzed and combined with insights from corporate communications literature. The CBM outlines the generic architecture of business models for communication departments. Such models describe the basic principle of how such a unit operates, what services and products it provides, how it creates value for an organization and what revenues and resources are allocated. Relevance: The question of whether and how communication departments contribute to organizational value creation has rarely been addressed in research. Such evidence is crucial, however, as communications competes internally with other functions (e.g. marketing and human resources) for budgets and staff. This article fills the gap by applying the business model concept, an established approach from management theory and practice, to communication units. Practical implications: The CBM can be used as a management tool to analyze, explain and innovate communication management in organizations. It is a fertile approach for communication practitioners to make the work of their department visible and to position themselves internally and externally.

<p dir="ltr">This qualitative narrative inquiry studied the career journeys of five Black school principals from Indiana with five or more years of experience in their role. The purpose of this study was to understand the following: (a) the experiences of each participant including who influenced them to pursue the principal role, (b) their successful endeavors as principals, (c) the obstacles they have faced along the path to the principalship, and (d) their beliefs as to why they have persisted in the role for at least five years.</p><p dir="ltr">The data were collected through two rounds of individual semi-structured interviews with the participants. Each round was at least three weeks apart. This protocol sparked rich discussion from which five themes emerged: (1) relationships vs. results, (2) scholarship, (3) perseverance, (4) ongoing issues, and (5) mentorship. Each of these themes was revisited with each participant in the second round of interviews.</p><p dir="ltr">The analysis of the data from this study led to three specific assertions that are discussed in the final chapter. Assertion #1: Effective professional mentorship has a positive impact on Black principals’ ability to persevere. Assertion #2: Black principal perseverance is fueled by reflection and intrinsic sources of inspiration. Assertion #3: A disposition toward life-long learning has a positive impact on a Black principals’ ability to persevere. These assertions and the corresponding implications were developed after a careful examination of the current literature on school leadership and the Black principal experience. This study can be utilized as a purposeful tool to recruit, develop, and retain Black educators generally and Black school leaders specifically.</p>

<p dir="ltr">In the ever-evolving landscape of higher education research, the intersection of performance-based funding policy, export control laws, and research endeavors presents a complex web of challenges and opportunities. This dissertation explores this intricate interplay through two distinct yet interconnected lenses. The first paper, a law review article, "The Implications of Export Control Laws on Research Universities" scrutinizes the regulatory frameworks governing the dissemination of sensitive technologies and information. Examining the compliance burden, institutional responses, and the balance between national security concerns and academic freedom sheds light on the intricate dynamics shaping research practices. The second paper, "The Impact of Performance-Based Funding Policy on Research and Development at Higher Education Institutions" delves into the ramifications of funding policies that tie financial allocations to predetermined performance metrics. Through empirical analysis, it investigates how such policies influence research priorities, funding distribution, and institutional strategies for innovation. Through a multidisciplinary approach drawing from policy analysis, legal studies, and empirical research methodologies, this dissertation aims to contribute to a nuanced understanding of the complex interplay between performance-based funding policies, export control laws, and research in higher education. Ultimately, it seeks to offer actionable recommendations for policymakers, institutional leaders, and researchers to navigate this intersection effectively and advance knowledge creation in an increasingly interconnected world.</p>

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / Includes bibliography / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the private health care sector the demand for skilled registered nurses as shift leaders exceeds the supply. The shift leader of each shift plays an important and essential role in the nursing unit. The Management and Leadership Fundamental (MLF) programme has been developed to provide, equip and empower registered nurses with the best skills, knowledge and attitudes to lead a shift with confidence. The aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate the facilitation and mentoring experiences of the registered nurses as learners who completed the MLF programme successfully. A qualitative methodology was used to address the research questions of the discussion guide in the real life situation. The discussion guide consisted of four sections: section one focused on facilitation, section two on mentoring, section three on management, and the focal point of the fourth section was on the MLF programme. The data were collected by means of structured interviews conducted with 14 registered nurses as learners who had completed the MLF programme. The data were analysed by doing verbatim transcriptions of the interviews, using coding and an Excel spreadsheet analysis. The results revealed that facilitation and mentoring can contribute significantly to the success of the MLF programme. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die aanvraag na bevoegde geregistreerde verpleegkundiges as skofleiers in privaat hospitale oorskrei die aanbod. Die skofleier in die verpleegeenheid vervul ’n belangrike en essentiële rol tydens die skof sodat kwaliteit produktiewe gehalte sorg aan pasiente gelwer kan word. Die ‘Management and Leadership Fundamental (MLF)’ program is ontwikkel om die geregistreerde vepleegkundige as skofleier toe te rus met die nodige kennis, vaardighede en ingesteldheid om met vertroue ‘n skof te kan lei. Hierdie navorsing ondersoek en evalueer die geregistreerde verpleegkundige as leerder se ervarings van fasilitering en mentorskap tydens die MLF program wat hul suksesvol voltooi het. Kwalitatiewe navorsing is gebruik om die navorsingsvrae in die werklike situasie te ondersoek. ‘n Besprekingsgids is ontwerp met navorsingsvrae in vier afdelings: afdeling een se fokus was op fasilitering, afdeling twee het gefokus op mentorskap, afdeling drie het gefokus op bestuur en afdeling vier se fokus was op die MLF program self. Die data is versamel met behulp van gestruktureerde onderhoude wat gevoer is met 14 geregistreerde verpleegkundiges as leerders wat die MLF program suksesvol voltooi het. Die data analise het bestaan uit verbatim getranskribeerde onderhoude, die kodering daarvan asook ‘n gerekordeerde Excel ontledingstaat. Die resultate van die ondesoek het aangetoon dat fasilitering en mentorskap ‘n betekenisvolle bydrae kan lewer tot die sukses van die MLF program.

The thesis examines two interrelated topics; the perception of management theory in general, and the efficacy of the learning organisation in particular. The purpose of this thesis, therefore, is to compare the rhetoric espoused in the learning organisation literature with a survey of senior managers in large, commercial organisations. The results revealed a positive disposition towards business and management theory in general. The survey also demonstrated that leadership is considered the most important variable in the success of a company. This is facilitated through the attraction and retention of the appropriate staff and creating sufficient space for them to operate. Learning is embedded by anticipating the future, learning from the past and enabling good communication. However, the latter is balanced through change management. This is derived through legitimate authority and a reliance on planning. Finally, a strategy of experimentation is balanced by challenging industry rules. Themes involving politics, corporate alignment and corporate longevity were found to have relatively little convergent validity. The third section of the questionnaire reveals a positive disposition towards the learning organisation. The contribution of this thesis is in three areas. First, it is the only work to evaluate the anti-guru school. Second is the development of a syncretic model of learning organisation concept using structural equation modelling. Finally, it explains and examines the largely misunderstood concept of management fashions.

CSR approach is getting noticed by more and more scholars and practitioners to assist MNC subsidiaries¡¦ performance and survival. Prahalad (2004) argued MNCs need to be able to explore and exploit opportunities from undeveloped or developing countries in pursuit of their continuous profitability and sustainability. However, how MNC subsidiaries can be organized to approach and discover the local people and social needs from emerging economies is still a question to be answered. Porter & Kramer (2002) proposed strategic CSR approach for firms to getting into sustainability. By all means of strategic CSR, firms truly realize sustainability that simultaneously obtaining economic, social and environmental performance when the CSR activities are practiced from inside out that involves the whole organization, structure, and system, and meanwhile links with firm strategies. This research adopted system perspective incorporating RBV and stakeholder perspective to systematically examine how internal CSR-related processes interact to influence MNC subsidiaries¡¦ sustainability in host country. We accordingly looked into the CSR practices and the related management processes implemented by XI MNC subsidiaries in China and Taiwan through case interviews. We identified that CSR international coordination mechanism, HRM, and TMT leadership are all important processes through which MNC subsidiaries reach sustainability in host countries by CSR practices. Besides, we found that a strong corporate social culture within subsidiaries built up through the abovementioned processes is an important factor that leads to subsidiaries¡¦ sustainability. In addition, we identified stakeholder relational capital derived from these CSR-related processes is another critical, firm-specific resource to facilitate MNC subsidiaries¡¦ sustainable performance. On the whole, the findings upon the case studies of our research proposed a systematic MNC subsidiaries CSR framework that explains how, why, and under which influential factors CSR practices are implemented. This research therefore can contribute to the theoretical developments in CSR theories, RBV, and international management theories as well as firms¡¦ management practices in conducting CSR for sustainability.

The master´s thesis entitled „Leadership and Management“ provides not only for a theoretical picture on the issue of leadership and management in general but also a practical view of a company investigated, an undisclosed law firm. The theoretical part will feature some of the basic concepts of the monitored area, especially management, leadership, functions of management, role of management and leadership style. Lessons learned are further applied to the practical part of the thesis and result in recommendations for increased satisfaction both of employees and the entire firm.

<p>Racial tension in the United States has moved to the forefront in social discourse with the rise of the Black Lives Matter movement and elections of far-right wing politicians who provide support and empathy for White supremacist groups. In higher education, colleges and universities often serve as microcosms of the broader society’s racial climate. Experts have revealed that 56% of U.S. university presidents believed that inclusion and diversity had grown in importance between 2015-2017. Additionally, 47% of presidents at 4-year institutions stated that students had organized on their campus amid concerns about racial diversity. In attempts to combat the divisiveness present in American culture, colleges and universities have begun appointing Chief Diversity Officer (CDO) administrative positions to lead their inclusion and diversity missions to better support minoritized and marginalized communities. Experts estimate that nearly 80% of CDO positions were created in the last 20 years. Despite efforts to develop CDOs, higher education institutions sometimes struggle to foster inclusive and diverse environments. Recently, a small body of literature has been developed to better understand the CDO role in higher education. Predominantly White Land-Grant Universities (PWLGUs) have also seen an influx of issues related to diversity and inclusion over the years. The purpose of the current study was to uncover how CDOs see their role and responsibilities in the context of Predominantly White Land-Grant Universities. This study used Critical Race Theory (CRT) framework to examine how CDOs navigate their identities, the presence of racism, and the social climate of their university and the broader United States. This study was guided by five research questions, including one topical question which served to provide demographic information of the CDOs. The other four research questions covered barriers and successes of CDOs, how CDOs navigated their own identity while in the role of CDO, and how they observed the presence of racism at PWLGUs. Two rounds of interviews were conducted with seven CDOs at PWLGUs. Topic and pattern coding were used to analyze data via NVivo qualitative data analysis software. There were four findings for this study. First, racism has had a constant presence on, and at times has been supported by, land-grant universities further complicating the jobs of CDOs. Second, CDOs of color often connected elements of their identity to the responsibilities of the CDO position. Third, CDOs described ways in which inclusion and diversity were part of the purpose of land-grant universities and ways in which race factored into academic achievements of the institution, but then become afterthoughts in other elements of campus life. Finally, PWLGUs often invoke liberal processes and decision-making that further limits the capabilities of the CDO to foster inclusive and diverse campuses. Future study recommendations include comparing and contrasting CDOs of Color and White CDOs, CDOs at Minority-Serving Institutions with CDOs at Non-Minority Serving Institutions, and perception of satisfaction by people of color with the job of the CDO at their institution. </p>