Texte remanié de: Thèse de doctorat--Histoire--Le Mans--Université du Maine, 2001. / Bibliogr. p. 427-457.

This essay, entitled Masculinities and Femininities in Vilhelm Moberg's Raskens and Mans kvinna, is about the masculinities and the femininities that are depicted in Vilhelm Moberg's two novels Raskens (1927) and Mans kvinna (1933). The theory consists of masculinity studies and femininity studies which are complemented with historical research about masculinity and femininity. In my analysis I found several motives concerning the masculinities and femininities. The motives are infidelity, possession of property and land, appearance, revenge, violence and alcohol. The ideal man in Moberg's novels is tall, strong and strong-willed. The two male main characters, Rasken and Håkan, have this in common, even though they have very different goals in their lives. One thing that is different about the masculinities portrayed in the novels is that possession of property and land is depicted as desirable in Raskens, while freedom from property is desirable in Mans kvinna. The ideal woman, at least the woman who is desired by the men in the novels, is young and beautiful, but also hardworking and industrious. At large, it is a traditional and norm based image of the woman and the man that is described in the novels. However, Moberg problematises these images by showing the women's vulnerability and how the men's "manly" behaviour leads to destructiveness.

No description available.

Please read the abstract in the section 00front of this document / Dissertation (DPhil (Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2005. / Psychology / unrestricted

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:51:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 432505.pdf: 1390397 bytes, checksum: 39fab4614d11925a0667ad6e40789290 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-22 / Em focos de introdu??o recente da esquistossom?se, como Esteio na regi?o metropolitana de Porto Alegre, a parasitose ocorre com baixas preval?ncias e cargas parasit?rias, resultando em dificuldades para o diagn?stico parasitol?gico, em virtude da sensibilidade inadequada dos m?todos cl?ssicos. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi otimizar o desempenho de m?todos de diagn?stico, em situa??es que os ovos nas fezes s?o um evento raro. A estrat?gia foi examinar grandes quantidades de fezes, o que resultou na descri??o e avalia??o de um novo m?todo de diagn?stico para detec??o de ovos de Schistosoma mansoni nas fezes denominado Helmintex. Este ? um m?todo de concentra??o, onde as fezes passam por uma sequ?ncia de sedimenta??o espont?nea, tamisagem, centrifuga??o com acetato de etila (Ritchie) e uma etapa final onde os ovos s?o isolados atrav?s de intera??o com part?culas paramagn?ticas em um campo magn?tico. Ap?s a concentra??o, na etapa de detec??o dos ovos todo o sedimento resultante ? analisado atrav?s de microscopia ?ptica. Na segunda etapa deste trabalho o objetivo foi avaliar o desempenho da PCR em tempo real (tecnologia Taqman) como alternativa de m?todo de detec??o no sedimento final do Helmintex, substituindo a an?lise microsc?pica. Para realiza??o da primeira etapa, ovos de S. mansoni foram adicionados em 30 g de fezes negativas para a infec??o, formando suspens?es de 0,1 a 1,34 ovos por grama de fezes (opg), e as fezes foram submetidas a todas as etapas de concentra??o do m?todo. Para cada suspens?o testada foi encontrado pelo menos 1 ovo em 20% (0.1 opg); 50% (0.24); 50% (0.34); 60% (0.67); 80% (1.0) e 100% (1.34) das tentativas testadas para cada suspens?o. Para a avalia??o do desempenho da PCR, "primers" e sonda para o gene da citocromo-C oxidase subunidade 1 foram desenhados para a amplifica??o do DNA de S. mansoni. Para a extra??o do DNA foram avaliados 4 protocolos diferentes. Foram preparadas suspens?es de ovos em ?gua destilada e fezes, contendo 1, 10, 20, 40 e 80 ovos. E amostras de 1000 ovos foram extra?das para a constru??o de uma curva padr?o da estimativa de concentra??o de DNA, para verifica??o do limite de detec??o da rea??o. A amplifica??o do DNA do parasito pode ser vista em todas as suspens?es testadas, inclusive a que continha 1 ovo. Dos 4 protocolos de extra??o avaliados, o Illustra Tissue and Cell GenomicPrep Mini Spin Kit (GE Healthcare), um kit de extra??o comercial, foi o que apresentou o melhor rendimento. A curva padr?o constru?da a partir de 1000 ovos apresentou um limite de detec??o de 1 pg com reprodutibilidade de 13,8%. Considerando 100% de reprodutibilidade, a rea??o apresentou limite de detec??o de 100 pg. O novo m?todo Helmintex descrito neste trabalho representa grande avan?o no diagn?stico da esquistossom?se em infec??es com baixas cargas parasit?rias, al?m disso, apresentam-se 2 op??es de m?todos de detec??o (visualiza??o microsc?pica e amplifica??o de DNA dos ovos pela PCR em tempo real). Estes avan?os contribuem para o esfor?o em curso de reduzir mundialmente a morbidade e a dissemina??o das ?reas de transmiss?o das esquistossom?ases

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:08:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 341115.pdf: 850841 bytes, checksum: fc50feef6db1a22bda86f5ef243d4f44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-10-11 / A esquistossomose mans?nica foi detectada no Rio Grande do Sul pela primeira vez em 1997, constituindo o foco mais meridional das Am?ricas. A partir daquela data, v?rios trabalhos foram desenvolvidos para caracterizar epidemiologicamente este foco de transmiss?o de ultra baixa endemicidade e de recente introdu??o. O objetivo desse trabalho ? caracterizar morfologicamente o parasito e analisar a estrutura populacional atrav?s de marcadores microssat?lites, comparando com as cepas de laborat?rio LE e MAP. Dois isolados de campo chamados de Esteio e JV foram obtidos, respectivamente, a partir de fezes e moluscos naturalmente infectados e de um paciente. Os vermes adultos, obtidos de camundongos experimentalmente infectados, foram fixados, clarificados e corados para as mensura??es com aux?lio de um microsc?pio ?ptico. A an?lise molecular foi realizada com 4 marcadores microssat?lites. Morfologicamente, o parasito, quando comparado com dados obtidos da bibliografia, n?o apresentou diferen?as not?veis. As pequenas varia??es observadas podem ser atribu?das ? plasticidade fenot?pica das popula??es desse tremat?deo. O uso de 4 marcadores microssat?lites nos permitiu encontrar um n?mero menor de alelos nos isolados de campo quando comparado com as cepas de laborat?rio. H? uma grande diverg?ncia gen?tica encontrada (RST<0,253) quando comparados os isolados de campo e as cepas de laborat?rio.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:09:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 424923.pdf: 645382 bytes, checksum: 25070e3ec621e54c54f5013c978ddf8d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-19 / A esquistossomose mans?nica ? uma infec??o parasit?ria cr?nica end?mica que ocorre em pa?ses na ?frica, Am?rica do Sul, no Caribe e no Mediterr?neo Oriental. A principal patologia ? o granuloma, uma resposta imune contra os ant?genos secretados pelos ovos do parasito principalmente no f?gado e intestinos. Estes ant?genos est?o crucialmente envolvidos na modula??o das respostas imunol?gica celular e humoral do hospedeiro e podem estar envolvidos na estrat?gia de passagem do ovo atrav?s da mucosa intestinal. Este trabalho teve origem nos resultados de um experimento realizado por Candida Fagundes Teixeira do Grupo de Parasitologia Biom?dica da PUCRS, cujas tentativas de se obter anticorpos do ovo que interagissem com part?culas paramagn?ticas, revelaram alguma dificuldade em obter n?veis elevados de anticorpos contra a superf?cie do ovo. O objetivo principal do presente trabalho foi verificar a produ??o de anticorpos contra a superf?cie do ovo de Schistosoma mansoni. O S. mansoni, isolado Esteio, foi mantido em laborat?rio atrav?s de passagens em Biomphalaria glabrata e camundongos da cepa Swiss. Os vermes foram recuperados, lavados com tamp?o e utilizados para a produ??o de ant?geno sol?vel de membrana de vermes adultos. Os ovos foram coletados de fezes humanas infectadas e utilizados para a imuniza??o de camundongos e produ??o de ant?genos secretados pelo ovo (SEA). Os grupos experimentais foram divididos em 4 grupos com 6 camundongos cada, da seguinte forma: grupo 1 imunizado com solu??o salina 0,9%; grupo 2 imunizado com ovos sonicados e adjuvante; grupo 3 imunizado com ovos sonicados sem adjuvante e grupo 4 imunizado com ovos inteiros. Atrav?s da t?cnica de ELISA e imunofluoresc?ncia indireta foi verificada reatividade na imuniza??o com ovos sonicados, e n?o foi verificada reatividade na imuniza??o com ovos inteiros. A abordagem sist?mica e complexa da intera??o parasito-hospedeiro ? uma proposta interessante de estudo e permanece aberta para futuras investiga??es que poder?o auxiliar na compreens?o e tratamento da patogenia.

The human body best performs when it is physically active. The consequences of inactivity can bring about many health risks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity, waist circumference and medication use among South African men. Men between ages 30 and 65 years (N = 5000, ͞x = 43.2; ± 8.55) were included in this study. With the use of medication, distinction was drawn between various ethnic groups. Subjects selected for this study are members of the same medical aid. The respondents that formed part of a non-random availability population and participated voluntarily were used in this study. According to the results, it appears that out of a total of 4 954 respondents, 58.3% had the lowest incidence of physical activity, 21% were moderately active and 20.7% highly active. WC appears much higher among those that fall within the lowest incidence of physical activity group. No significant difference was observed between moderately and highly active people. There are 11 members in the high Physically Active (PA) category that has the highest WC (X =131.5). When scrutinising the different ethnic groups it is obvious that moderate to high PA is associated with a lower WC. Chronic medication (CM) use is determined on the basis of the registry for chronic medication use of the relevant medical aid. Those who participated in the assessment of waist circumference, CM and PA consisted of 4 964 respondents. In this study distinction was drawn between three medical condition influenced by exercise, namely diabetes, cholesterol and depression and hypertension. The results indicate that CM use is associated with higher WC and reduced kCal consumption. The majority of respondents (78%) do not use medication and 21.9% do. Those that do not use medication showed to have the lowest WC. However, respondents that are highly active and also use CM showed a lower MO than those that are low and moderately active. It can thus be deduced that regular physical activity is directly related to one’s health. / Thesis (MSc (Biokinetics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

The human body best performs when it is physically active. The consequences of inactivity can bring about many health risks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity, waist circumference and medication use among South African men. Men between ages 30 and 65 years (N = 5000, ͞x = 43.2; ± 8.55) were included in this study. With the use of medication, distinction was drawn between various ethnic groups. Subjects selected for this study are members of the same medical aid. The respondents that formed part of a non-random availability population and participated voluntarily were used in this study. According to the results, it appears that out of a total of 4 954 respondents, 58.3% had the lowest incidence of physical activity, 21% were moderately active and 20.7% highly active. WC appears much higher among those that fall within the lowest incidence of physical activity group. No significant difference was observed between moderately and highly active people. There are 11 members in the high Physically Active (PA) category that has the highest WC (X =131.5). When scrutinising the different ethnic groups it is obvious that moderate to high PA is associated with a lower WC. Chronic medication (CM) use is determined on the basis of the registry for chronic medication use of the relevant medical aid. Those who participated in the assessment of waist circumference, CM and PA consisted of 4 964 respondents. In this study distinction was drawn between three medical condition influenced by exercise, namely diabetes, cholesterol and depression and hypertension. The results indicate that CM use is associated with higher WC and reduced kCal consumption. The majority of respondents (78%) do not use medication and 21.9% do. Those that do not use medication showed to have the lowest WC. However, respondents that are highly active and also use CM showed a lower MO than those that are low and moderately active. It can thus be deduced that regular physical activity is directly related to one’s health. / Thesis (MSc (Biokinetics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Rapid technological development has lead to an increase in the accessibility of pornography. Some professionals have labelled pornography as a social issue due to the increase in accessibility and exposure to pornography. In the past, extensive research has been conducted regarding the possible impact of pornography on adolescents as well as on adults. However, there is discrepancy among professionals with regard to the impact of pornography, as it seems as if there is little agreement on what effects or impact regular pornography consumption may have on the consumer. Some researchers regard pornography as a social issue with severe ramifications for the consumer. Other researchers view pornography as harmless time-consuming activities. Therefore, it seems that inadequate research was previously done to investigate what impact regular exposure to or consumption of pornography may have on the consumer’s life. Young adulthood is considered a crucial phase in human development. Critical developmental tasks such as reaching emotional and financial independence, defining morals, values and principles, establishing intimacy and dedication, choosing a life partner and having children and raise them, are prevalent during this life phase. There is little existing research regarding the impact of pornography on males in this life phase. The hypothesis was made that: should pornography consumption lead to any hindrance in the acquisition of any developmental tasks during this specific life phase, that it may have an effect on the person in a later life phase. The researcher thus endeavoured to address the gap by looking specifically at the possible impact of pornography on young adult males, but the researcher also attempted to contribute to the existing scholarly debate regarding the impact of pornography consumption on the consumer in general. The rationale for this study emanated from the researcher’s desire to add to the existing knowledge base, and to inform professionals in the therapeutic setting about the impact of pornography. The researcher undertook a qualitative, applied research study which enabled her to explore the perceptions of young adult males who have had prolonged experience to pornography consumption. Fifteen (15) young adult male participants were purposefully selected. Snowball sampling was applied as a sampling method to identify possible participants. The researcher utilised in-depth interviewing which is also known as unstructured interviewing as data collection method. One (1) openended question was directed to the participants and it was formulated as follows: “What are your perceptions as a young adult male, with regard to the impact of pornography on young adult males’ lives?” The researcher did a pilot test in order to ensure that this open-ended question provided adequate opportunity for the participants to respond unreservedly. The researcher followed the following steps during the process of data analysis: <ul> <li> Planning for the recording of data by means of audio recordings</li> <li> Managing and organising data by means of detailed transcripts and filing it in folders</li> <li> Reading and writing memos</li> <li> Generating categories, themes and patterns</li> <li> Representing, visualising and displaying the data by means of a complete research report.</li></ul> The research study revealed that pornography consumption may have a significant impact on the lives of young adult males. The following areas of the life of the young adult male were identified which may be affected by pornography consumption: <ul> <li> Self-value</li> <li> The development of a gender-identity (masculinity)</li> <li> Moral and Spiritual development</li> <li> Cognitive development</li> <li> Addiction</li> <li> Career development</li> <li> Sexual development in terms of sexual knowledge, sexual attitude and sexual behaviour</li> <li> Development of interpersonal relationships</li> <li> Development of mentors in society.</li> </ul> It was recommended that there should be improved service delivery for young adult males who are experiencing some of these effects of pornography consumption. Training for professionals and further research regarding this phenomenon will make this recommendation possible. AFRIKAANS : Snelle tegnologiese vooruitgang het ‘n verhoging in die toeganklikheid van pornografiese materiaal tot gevolg. Sekere kenners bestempel pornografie as ‘n maatskaplike probleem, juis as gevolg van die verhoging tot die blootstelling aan en toeganklikheid van hierdie materiaal. Bestaande navorsing oor hierdie fenomeen is grootliks uitgevoer met betrekking tot die moontlike impak van pornografie op adolessente en volwassenes. Dit blyk asof daar verskil in bevindinge en opinies onder professionele persone is met betrekking tot die impak van gereelde pornografiese blootstelling op die verbruiker. Sekere navorsers bestempel pornografie as ‘n maatskaplike probleem wat erge negatiewe gevolge vir die verbruiker mag inhou. Ander navorsers bestempel pornografie as onskuldige tydverdryf. Daarom blyk dit asof onvoldoende navorsing voorheen uitgevoer is om te ondersoek watter impak blootstelling aan, of verbruiking van pornografie op die verbruiker se lewe mag hê. Jong volwassenheid word as ‘n essensiële fase in menslike ontwikkeling bestempel. Kritieke ontwikkelingstake sluit onder andere die volgende in: om emosionele en finansiële onafhanklikheid te bereik, om morele waardes en beginsels te definieer, om intimiteit en toegewydheid te vestig en om ‘n lewensmaat te kies, kinders te baar en op te voed. Daar is min bestaande navorsing uitgevoer aangaande die impak van pornografie op mans in hierdie lewensfase. Die hipotese was soos volg geformuleer: sou pornografie tot enige obstruksie in die bereiking van enige van die ontwikkelingstake gedurende hierdie spesifieke lewensfase lei, dit ‘n effek op ‘n persoon in ‘n latere lewensfase mag hê. Die navorser het dus gepoog, om die gaping in bestaande navorsing oor die moontlike impak van pornografie op die jong volwassse man aan te spreek, maar die navorser het ook gepoog om ‘n bydrae tot die bestaande akademiese debat, met betrekking tot die impak van pornografie op die verbruiker in die algemeen, te lewer. Die motivering vir hierdie studie het uit die navorser se begeerte om ‘n bydrae tot die bestaande kennisbasis te lewer en om professionele persone in die terapeutiese omgewing rakende die impak van pornografie in te lig, ontstaan. Die navorser het ‘n kwalitatiewe, toegepaste navorsingstudie onderneem, wat haar in staat gestel het om die persepsies van jong volwasse mans wat ervaring met langdurige verbruik van pornografie het, te verken. Vyftien (15) jong volwasse mans was doelgerig vir deelname aan die studie geselekteer. Sneeubal-steekproef is as steekproefmetode toegepas om moontlike deelnemers aan die studie te identifiseer. Die navorser het van in-diepte onderhoudvoering, wat ook bekend staan as ongestruktureerde onderhoudvoering, as data insamelingsmetode gebruik gemaak. Een (1) oop vraag is soos volg aan die deelnemers gestel: “Wat is jou persepsies as jong volwasse man met berekking tot die impak van pornografie op jong volwasse mans?” Die navorser het ‘n voorondersoek uitgevoer om te verseker dat hierdie oop vraag voldoende geleentheid vir deelnemers skep om onbeperk te reageer. Die navorser het die volgende stappe tydens die proses van data-analise geneem: <ul> <li> Beplanning vir die opneem van data deur middel van oudio-opnames</li> <li> Bestuur en organisering van data deur middel van gedetaileerde transkripsies en die liasering daarvan in lêers</li> <li> Lees en skryf van memmo’s</li> <li>Generering van kategorieë, temas en patrone</li> <li> Verteenwoordiging, visualisering en voorstelling van data deur middel van ‘n volledige navorsingsverslag.</li></ul> Die navorsingstudie het getoon dat die verbruik van pornografie, ‘n kenmerkende impak op die lewe van jong volwasse mans mag hê. Sekere areas in die lewe van die jong volwasse man wat deur die blootstelling aan pornografie beïnvloed kan word, sluit onder andere die volgende in: <ul> <li> Die self-waarde</li> <li>Die ontwikkeling van ‘n gelsagsrol-identiteit (manlikheid)</li> <li> Morele en spirituele ontwikkeling</li> <li> Kognitiewe ontwikkeling</li> <li> Verslawing</li> <li> Loopbaan ontwikkeling</li> <li> Seksuele ontwikkeling in terme van seksuele kennis, seksuele houding en seksuele gedrag</li> <li> Ontwikkeling van interpersoonlike verhoudings</li> <li> Ontwikkeling van mentors in die samelewing</li> </ul> Aanbevelings, in terme van verbeterde en ingeligte dienslewering aan jong volwasse mans waarvan sommige van hierdie effekte van pornografieverbruik presenteer, was gemaak. Opleiding van professionele persone en verdere navorsing met betrekking tot hierdie fenomeen sal die realisering van die aanbeveling moontlik maak. / Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted