As Instituições de Ensino Superior - IES são submetidas a diversos níveis de avaliações governamentais que resultam em sua permanência no mercado. Esta questão se justifica, pois, aprimorar o ensino superior é um esforço fundamental que deve ser exercido não apenas pelos governos, mas por toda a sociedade. Um modelo de maturidade é um mecanismo capaz de qualificar numericamente a capacidade de gerenciar projetos com sucesso. O objetivo deste trabalho é aplicar o Modelo de Maturidade em Gestão de Projetos Prado, que afere a maturidade numa escala de 1 a 5 (inicial, conhecido, padronizado, gerenciado e otimizado), identificando boas práticas de gestão de instituições privadas de ensino superior, contribuindo para o fortalecimento destas instituições e para a educação brasileira. Os resultados apresentados foram comparados com uma média de maturidade no setor educacional, o qual foi o fator de comparação que motivou a escolha deste modelo dentre os vários existentes. Através de uma análise da maturidade, foi possível uma avaliação setorial do nível de maturidade do núcleo de planejamento da IES, setor onde os projetos são elaborados e estruturados. Com o resultado obtido, a IES pode elaborar os planos de melhorias, que contribuíram para um melhor desempenho, na gestão de projetos educacionais submetidos ao MEC/INEP, mostrando que este modelo pode proporcionar uma estruturação da gestão educacional e institucional dentro de qualquer IES, auxiliando na melhoria dos setores que desenvolvem estes projetos. / Higher Education Institutions - IES are subjected to various levels of government assessments that result in their stay in the market. This question is justified because, improve higher education is a key effort should be exerted not only by governments but also by the whole society. A maturity model is a mechanism to numerically qualify the ability to manage projects successfully. The objective of this work is to apply the model of maturity in Project Management - Prado, which measures the maturity on a scale of 1 to 5 (initial, name, standardized, managed and optimized), identifying good, private institution management practices of higher education, contributing to the strengthening of these institutions and the Brazilian education. The results were compared with an average maturity in the education sector, which was the comparison factor that motivated the choice of this model among the various existing. Through an analysis of maturity, a sectoral assessment of the level of maturity of the core planning IES was possible sector where projects are designed and structured. With the results, the IES can prepare plans for improvements, which contributed to the improved performance of IES in the management of educational projects submitted to the MEC / INEP, showing that this model can provide a structuring educational and institutional management within any IES, assisting in the improvement the sectors that develop these projects.

Företag, oavsett storlek, vill idag följa den digitala transformationen och höja den digitala mognadsgraden för att kunna få effektivare resultat samt nå de konkurrensfördelar som digitaliseringen kan medföra. Små och medelstora företag, så kallade SMF:s, påverkas av de förändringar som digitaliseringen medför eftersom de får helt nya möjligheter att delta i den globala ekonomin jämfört med tidigare. Denna studie kommer att utforska den digitala mognaden bland små och medelstora företag samt identifiera företagens utmaningar och efterfrågade stöd för att nå högre mognad. Studiens metod utgår från ett explorativt angreppssätt med en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och använder sig av en abduktiv forskningsansats. Både en strukturerad och en semi-strukturerad intervju används för den empiriska datainsamlingen. I studien intervjuas sju respondenter från olika små- och medelstora företag. Studiens analys undersöker hur företagens digitala mognad och utmaningar ställer sig mot teorier rörande digitalisering, digital mognad och digitala mognadsmodeller. Diskussionen belyser att de mer mjuka värdena som ledarskap, strategi och visionsarbete samt kompetensutveckling är utmanande för små och medelstora bolag. Dessutom diskuteras att små och medelstora bolags förutsättningar och resurser påverkar deras upplevda utmaningar samt vilka stöd som efterfrågas för att höja den digitala mognadsgraden. Studien visar att små och medelstora bolag har olika utmaningar för att nå digital mognad, men att de har viljan att höja mognadsgraden. För att höja mognadsgraden förutsätts att de har egna kapaciteter eller kan få förutsättningar i form av stöd och hjälpmedel för att prioritera transformationsinsatser och anpassa struktur samt kultur internt. / Companies, regardless of size, want to follow the digital transformation and reach a higher level of digital maturity. Because they want to achieve more effective results and gain the competitive advantages of digital transformation. Small and medium-sized enterprises, SMEs, are affected by digitalization and they are given new opportunities to participate in the global economy compared to before. This study explores the digital maturity of small and medium- sized enterprises and identifies their challenges for reaching higher maturity. Furthermore, the study distinguishes what kind of support SMEs are in need of to be able to raise their maturity level. The study method is based on an explorative approach with a qualitative research method and uses an abductive research approach with two types of interviews in the data collection, structured and semi-structured interviews. In the study, seven respondents from different SMEs were interviewed. The study's analysis examines how the companies' digital maturity and challenges can be linked to theories regarding digitalization, digital maturity and digital maturity models. The discussion highlights that softer values such as leadership, strategy and vision, as well as competence and digital knowledge are challenging for SMEs. In addition, it is discussed that the resources of small and medium-sized enterprises affect the perceived challenges as well as the support needed to increase the digital maturity level. The study shows that small and medium-sized enterprises have different challenges for achieving digital maturity. However, they also have the will to increase the level of maturity. In order to increase the maturity level, they must have their own capacities or get the capacities with external support. Then they will be able to prioritize digital transformation efforts and adapt structure as well as culture internally.

In the fluctuating and competitive business world, the significance of Product Lifecycle Management is on the rise. It's becoming a pivotal strategy for organizations keen on preserving their market competitiveness. However, the practical execution of PLM often poses tangible difficulties. Even though businesses recognize the potential benefits of PLM, the challenges in its effective deployment tend to create hurdles, making the implementation process complex and formidable. This study centered on Tetra Pak applying a distinct framework and a statistical approach to assess the level of PLM maturity. Utilizing a quantitative research methodology, a survey tool that was specifically designed to be in line with this framework was adopted. The research carefully examined the PLM-related business dimensions and components, and the results ultimately revealed Tetra Pak’s overall PLM maturity levels. This method produced a thorough understanding of the company's PLM framework and uncovered potential areas that could use improvement. The findings from this study contribute to a wider comprehension of PLM's role in bolstering sustainability and competitiveness in the contemporary business landscape. The maturity framework, developed as part of this research specific to Tetra Pak, serves as a versatile instrument to steer PLM implementation. This framework assists businesses in adapting to shifting strategies, thereby helping them to maintain a competitive advantage in an ever-changing market.

Organisations with high-performing data and analytics capabilities are more successful than organisations with lower analytics maturity. It is therefore necessary for organisations to assess their analytics capabilities and needs in order to identify and evaluate areas of improvement that need to be addressed. This was the purpose of this case study conducted on a region in a global B2B organisation, which has a centrally established analytics function on corporate level, wanting the use of analytics to be integrated in more of the region’s processes and analytical capabilities and resources being used as efficient as possible.To fulfil the thesis purpose, empirical data was collected through qualitative interviews with employees on corporate level, more quantitative interviews with regional employees and a questionnaire issued to regional employees. This was complemented with a thorough literature study which provided the analytics maturity models used for identifying the current capabilities on a holistic level of the region, as well as analytics setups, Lean Six Sigma and Knowledge Management. Results show a relatively low analytics maturity due to e.g. insufficient support from management, unclear responsibility of analytics, data not being used correctly or requested enough and various issues with competence, tools and sources.This study contributes to analytics research by identifying that analytics maturity models available free of charge only are good for inspiration and not full use when used in a large company. Furthermore, the study shows that complexities arise when having a central analytics function with low analytics maturity while other parts of the company face analytics problems but no indications are given on who and what to proceed on or not. This study therefore results in contributing with a proposition for companies wanting to increase its analytics maturity that this could be facilitated by establishing networks for analytics. Combining literature and empirics show that networks enable investigation of the analytics situation while at the same time enabling increased sharing, collaboration, innovation, coordination and dissemination. By making Lean Six Sigma a central part of the network analytics will be used more and better while at the same time increasing the success-rate of change and improvements projects.

[pt] Poucas cadeias de suprimentos demandam tanta atenção quanto àquelas voltadas para o socorro e salvamento de vítimas de desastres, como é o caso da Logística Humanitária. Dentro deste contexto, as Forças Armadas (FA) encontram-se entre os principais stakeholders envolvidos, com vasto histórico de atuação em resposta a desastres, como é o caso da Marinha do Brasil (MB). Para que essas estruturas estejam bem coordenadas, seus processos devem estar formalizados e divulgados, sendo constantemente avaliados. Neste sentido, os modelos de maturidade se mostram ferramentas eficientes, de rápido entendimento e aplicação, direcionando as organizações para identificação de suas forças e fraquezas. Isto posto, o objetivo desta dissertação é reconhecer a capacidade de resposta a desastres da MB e verificar possíveis melhorias neste processo, utilizando para isso um modelo de maturidade para processos de desastres em duas situações distintas: pandêmica (Situação 1) e geral (Situação 2). Para atingir esse objetivo, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura buscando mapear o amparo jurídico de emprego das FA nesses cenários e as instruções dele derivadas, internamente na MB. Em seguida, foi realizado um estudo de caso, onde entrevistas com especialistas, participantes em cenários reais como a COVID-19 e as inundações em Nova Friburgo em 2011, confirmaram essa documentação. A pesquisa identificou novos processos prescritos, que não haviam sido encontrados em estudos anteriores, e constatou que algumas tarefas são realizadas pelas Organizações Militares, porém não estão previstas nas publicações. Também foi definido o estágio atual de maturidade da MB para uma situação de emergência, alcançando ao grau final 4 para as duas situações investigadas. / [en] Few supply chains require as much attention as those regarding aiding and rescuing disaster victims, such as the humanitarian logistics. Within this context, the Armed Forces (AF) are among the main stakeholders involved, with a long history of working in disaster response, which is the case of the Brazilian Navy(BN). For these structures to be well coordinated, their processes must be well developed and constantly evaluated. In this sense, maturity models are efficient tools that can be quickly understood and applied, helping organizations to identify their strengths and weaknesses. That said, this dissertation aims to recognize the Navy s disaster response capacity and verify possible improvements in this process, using a maturity model for disaster processes in two different situations: the COVID-19 pandemic (Situation 1) and general (Situation 2). To achieve this goal, a literature review was conducted to outline the legal support of the AF participation in these scenarios and its internal regulations. Then, a case study was conducted, where interviews with experts, participants in real scenarios, such as COVID-19 and the floods in Nova Friburgo in 2011, confirmed this documentation. The research discovered different processes that were not identified in previous studies and found out that these Military Organizations carry out some tasks but are not prescribed in the publications. BN s current stage of maturity for an emergency was also defined, reaching a final grade of 4 for both investigated situations.

While agile development is becoming ever more popular, studies have shown that few organisations successfully transition from traditional to agile practices. One such study showed that large organisations can benefit greatly from agile methods, but evaluating agile maturity and tailoring the method to the organisation’s needs is crucial. An agile maturity model is a tool with which an organisation’s practices and their conformance to agile development is evaluated. The purpose of this study is to discover the best suited agile maturity model for large organisations and to minimise costs, resources and the subjectivity of the model’s evaluation. In this study we take a closer look at four agile maturity models, the Scaled Agile Framework Maturity Model (SAFeMM) by Turetken, Stojanov and Trienekens (2017), the Scaled Agile Maturity Model (SAMM) by Chandrasekaran (2016), the Agile Adoption Framework (AAF) by Sidky, Arthur and Bohner (2007) and the Scaled Agile Framework Business Agility Assessment (SAFeBAA) by the Scaled Agile Incorporation. By evaluating each model on their scalability, completeness, generality, precision, simplicity, usability and meaningfulness, consistency, minimum overlapping, balance and proportion of automatable measurements, the best model is chosen. Based on the evaluation criteria for the maturity models, the SAFeMM is deemed the most suitable model. It proves to be a comprehensive, well-rounded tool with persistent high scores in all criteria. In order to improve the model’s objectivity and resource needs, it is also applied in a case study at the Swedish Tax Agency, where the possibilities to automate the model are investigated. The results show that the SAFeMM can be automated to roughly 50%, with the use of process mining and software system querying. Process mining uses event logs to extract and analyse information, while software querying extracts information directly from the software systems used in an organisation. The study suggests primary sources for querying and process mining techniques and perspectives to enable and encourage future research in the area of process mining within agile development. / Agil utveckling är en mycket populär utvecklingsmetod, samtidigt visar studier att få stora organisationer lyckas med övergången från traditionella metoder direkt. Som hjälpmedel kan dessa organisationer använda så kallade agila mognadsmodeller. En agil mognadsmodell är ett verktyg som mäter hur väl en organisation och dess processer överensstämmer med agila principer. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilken agil mognadsmodell som är bäst lämpad för stora organisationer och kan samtidigt minimera kostnader, resurser och subjektiviteten i mätningarna. Därför tittar denna studie på fyra agila mognadsmodeller, Scaled Agile Framework Maturity Model (SAFeMM) av Turetken, Stojanov och Trienekens (2017), Scaled Agile Maturity Model (SAMM) av Chandrasekaran (2016), Agile Adoption Framework (AAF) av Sidky, Arthur och Bohner (2007) och Scaled Agile Framework Business Agility Assessment (SAFeBAA) av Scaled Agile Incorporation. Genom att utvärdera varje modell baserat på dess skalbarhet, helhetsbild, generaliserbarhet, precision, enkelhet, användbar-het och meningfullhet, kontinuitet, minimal överlappning, balans och andel automatiserbara mätvärden, bestäms vilken modell som är bäst. Resultaten visar, att baserat på de ovannämnda kriterierna, är SAFeMM modellen den bäst lämpade för stora organisationer. Den visade sig vara särsilkt helhetstäckande, enkel att förstå och använda, med höga poäng på de flesta kriterierna. För att förbättra modellens objektivitet och resurskrav, gjordes även en fallstudie där modellen applicerades på Skatteverkets IT avdelning. Där undersöktes möjligheterna för att automatisera modellen. Resultaten visar att knappt 50% av modellen är automatiserbar genom metoder såsom process mining och software querying. Process mining, använder event loggar från mjukvarusystem för att analysera och utvinna information, medan software querying utvinnar information direkt från mjukvarusystemen. Studien presenterar förslag på utvinningskällor och process mining tekniker och metoder för sammanhanget.

A smart contract is a recently emerging technology which enables agreement to be automatable by computers and enforceable by legal enforcement or tamper-proof execution of code. A majority of smart contracts are run on the blockchain which enables smart contract transactions without a central authority. Smart contract implementation contains several challenges which makes implementation more difficult. The problem is that organisations struggle to implement smart contracts due to the absence of documentation, standardisation, and guidelines making it difficult to know how a smart contract should be implemented. Additionally, it is unclear what capabilities and tools are required for smart contract implementation. Therefore, it is challenging for organisations to assess their own competence of smart contract implementation. This thesis aims to develop a Smart Contract Maturity Model (SCMM). The purpose of the model is to clarify the functionalities and capabilities required to implement a smart contract while also offering organisations the ability to assess the smart contract implementation competency. This improves the adoption of smart contracts. Through the help of the design science framework, the SCMM emerged from the thesis. Applying design science included explicating the problem, defining requirements, designing and developing the artefact, demonstrating and evaluating the artefact. A literature survey was used to explicate the problem and to define requirements for the maturity model. Furthermore, a case study including interviews were used to refine the requirements and to demonstrate and evaluate the SCMM. The SCMM includes maturity levels, generic goals and practices, specific goals, key processing areas and practices, tools, glossaries and smart contract examples. Inspired by the Capability Maturity model Model Integration for Development (CMMI-DEV), the maturity levels of the SCMM consisted of initial, foundation, managed, defined, quantitatively managed and optimising. The identified key processing areas were stakeholder capabilities, resources and tools, platform, contract implementation, standards, laws and terminology and security. Although there were several limitations, the SCMM contributed to the field of smart contracts by closing the gap of previous research and improving the adoption of smart contracts.

Melhoria de processo de software (SPI) é uma prática de engenharia de software motivada pela necessidade de aumentar a qualidade e a produtividade no desenvolvimento de software. Um fato amplamente reconhecido é que a qualidade do produto de software pode ser, em grande parte, determinada pela qualidade do processo utilizado para desenvolvê-lo e mantê-lo. A avaliação do processo de software ajuda as organizações de software a amadurecerem seus processos, identificando problemas críticos para estabelecer prioridades de melhoria. Essa avaliação pode ser feita por meio da comparação do estado dos processos da organização em relação a um modelo de referência que estabeleça estágios de melhoria. Uma avaliação geralmente se baseia em um modelo de processo de software que fornece um roteiro para melhorias. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estabelecer uma abordagem que: (i) define um conjunto de modelos de abstração (metamodelos) de modelos de maturidade de processo de software para apoiar uma metodologia de avaliação/melhoria de processo de software com o objetivo de certificação; e (ii) permite avaliar os processos de uma organização em comparação com um modelo de maturidade por meio de transformações desses metamodelos. A abordagem é instanciada por meio de um estudo de caso utilizando os modelos MPS.Br e CMMI para exemplificar sua aplicação. Como resultado, é apresentado um comparativo entre as limitações encontradas nas metodologias encontradas na literatura e como a abordagem sugere superá-las. / Software process improvement (SPI) is a software engineering practice motivated by the need to increase the quality and productivity in software development. A fact widely recognized is that the quality of the software product can be largely determined by the quality of the process used to develop and maintain it. The assessment of software process helps software organizations to improve themselves, identifying their critical problems to establish priorities for improvement. This assessment can take place by comparing the state of the organization on their software processes to a reference model that shows stages of improvement in scales. An assessment is usually based on a software process model that provides a roadmap for improvement. This work aims to establish an approach that: (i) defines a set of abstraction models (metamodels) of software process maturity models to support an assessment/improvement methodology aiming software process certification; and (ii) evaluates the organization processes in comparison with the maturity models through transformations of those metamodels. The approach is instantiated through a case study using the MPS.Br and CMMI models to illustrate its application. As a result, a comparison between the limitations found in the methodologies identified in the literature and how the approach suggested overcome them is presented.

Nos tempos atuais, cada vez mais as organizações têm executado projetos, seja para solucionar problemas técnicos, seja para promover mudanças e direcionar seus esforços para melhores ou novos negócios. Tradicionalmente, metas de prazo, custo e qualidade, conhecidas como triângulo de ferro, são utilizadas como critérios para medição de sucesso de projetos. Nas últimas três décadas, muitos estudos foram publicados na tentativa de entender os fatores e variáveis que levam a projetos bem sucedidos ou fracassados. Na tentativa de contribuir com esses estudos, esta tese busca analisar as relações entre aspectos organizacionais e aspectos específicos dos projetos (internos) com o sucesso dos projetos executados por organizações brasileiras, avaliado por meio da visão tradicional: conformidade com orçamento (custo); cronograma (tempo); especificações técnicas (requisitos do produto/serviço); e atendimento às demandas dos clientes. Para confirmar ou refutar as proposições de pesquisa estabelecidas, esta pesquisa adotou uma abordagem quantitativa, com um levantamento (survey) junto a 336 (trezentos e trinta e seis) profissionais da área. Para a coleta de dados, foi elaborado um instrumento de pesquisa (questionário) com base na literatura acerca do tema. Os resultados apontam diferenças estatisticamente significativas para quatro variáveis que, quando presentes, influenciam positivamente o sucesso dos projetos nas empresas brasileiras. As variáveis são: recursos necessários para o projeto disponibilizados (pela alta administração); utilização de ferramentas de gerenciamento de projetos; aplicação de atividades de coordenação em projetos; e maturidade em gerenciamento de projetos. A conclusão da pesquisa revela que as proposições de estudo não se confirmaram de forma plena. Não foram encontradas variáveis ou equações explicativas que levassem ao sucesso total dos projetos (atendimento pleno do triângulo de ferro). Os resultados confirmaram apenas diferenças estatisticamente significativas que levam ao sucesso parcial. / In present days, many organizations have been conducing projects even to solve technical problems or even to deliver changes and focus their efforts towards better and new businesses. Time, cost and quality targets, known as \"iron triangle\", have been traditionally used as projects\' success measures. During the last three decades, many studies trying to understand the factors and variables that drive well succeeded or failed projects have been published. Attempting to contribute with these studies, this thesis analyses the relations between organizational and project specific (internal) aspects, with the success of projects developed by brazilian organizations, assessed through a traditional view: achieving budget (cost); scheduling (time); technical specifications (product/service requisites); and accomplishment of clients demands. In order to confirm or deny the propositions established, this research adopted a quantitative approach, through a survey conducted with 336 professionals in the field of projects. Data collection has been supported by a research instrument (questionnaire) based on the subject literature. The results point to significant statistical differences for four variables that positively influence project success when they exist on brazilian companies. Those variables are: required resources effectively available (by high administration); using project management tools; applying project coordination activities; and project management maturity. The conclusion of the research reveals that the propositions of the study were not completely confirmed. Explanatory variables or equations have not been found to justify total project success (completely achieving the \"iron triangle\"). The results confirm only the significant statistical differences that drive to partial success.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:31:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andreiwid Sheffer Correa.pdf: 4501821 bytes, checksum: 3d9f7fecc118ff0dc70b11ea481d5e67 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-23 / The unstructured and unplanned implementation of technological solutions leads to wastage of resources and imposes itself as a barrier to achieving the potential benefits of information technologies and communication. The problem increases when managers who operate these technologies are part of the public administration, as structural issues make this scenario open for merely temporary, strictly proprietary, experimental or doomed to obsolescence solutions, resulting in interoperability problems. Thus, the possible damage extrapolates financial issues and compromise expected social return. In an attempt to avoid this problem, several countries are developing and adopting government interoperability frameworks to guide their actions in electronic government. These architectures expose successful solutions for technical, semantic and organizational dimension of interoperability, and reflect on the best path according to the understanding of its government. However, specifically for the technical dimension, there is no way to evaluate the effectiveness of these architectures and assess how the solutions are interoperable. This work aims to propose a maturity model for technical interoperability in order to assess the use of standards and assist software and systems engineers, as well as professionals in general, to focus their efforts on the use of recommended technologies by good practices. It has been based on e-PING architecture, which is the Brazilian standard for interoperability. In addition, this work proposes the development and use of a rule-based system that implements fuzzy logic to assist evaluation and adherence to the model. To verify model feasibility and validate the developed system, this paper also uses a real scenario as the basis of analysis of interoperability. / A implementa??o desestruturada e n?o planejada de solu??es tecnol?gicas ? fonte de desperd?cio de recursos e imp?e-se como barreira para obten??o dos potenciais benef?cios do uso das tecnologias da informa??o e comunica??o. O problema acentua-se quando gestores dessas tecnologias atuam para a administra??o p?blica, pois quest?es estruturais fazem com que este cen?rio abra espa?o para solu??es pontuais e transit?rias, estritamente propriet?rias, experimentais ou fadadas ? obsolesc?ncia, o que resulta em problemas de interoperabilidade. Desse modo, os poss?veis danos extrapolam o sentido financeiro por comprometer o retorno social esperado. Na tentativa de contornar essa quest?o, v?rios pa?ses v?m desenvolvendo e adotando as arquiteturas de interoperabilidade governamentais para orientar suas a??es de governo eletr?nico. Essas arquiteturas buscam evidenciar, a partir dos aspectos t?cnicos, sem?nticos ou organizacionais, as solu??es bem sucedidas e aceitas universalmente, al?m de refletirem o melhor caminho para a interoperabilidade, segundo o entendimento de cada governo. No entanto, especificamente para o aspecto t?cnico, n?o existe um meio para avaliar a efetiva utiliza??o dessas arquiteturas e aferir o qu?o interoper?veis as solu??es se encontram. Este trabalho visa propor um modelo de maturidade para interoperabilidade t?cnica com o objetivo de medir o uso de padr?es de interoperabilidade e auxiliar engenheiros de softwares e de sistemas, assim como profissionais em geral, a direcionar seus esfor?os no emprego de tecnologias consagradas pelas boas pr?ticas de mercado. Tem-se, como base para a constru??o do modelo, a arquitetura e-PING, que ? o padr?o brasileiro de interoperabilidade. Adicionalmente, este trabalho prop?e o desenvolvimento e utiliza??o de um sistema baseado em regras que emprega l?gica nebulosa para auxiliar no processo de avalia??o da ader?ncia ao modelo. Para verifica??o da viabilidade do modelo e valida??o do sistema desenvolvido, este trabalho tamb?m utiliza um cen?rio real para servir de base de an?lise da interoperabilidade.