Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:34:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 charrone_jp_me_assis.pdf: 1334911 bytes, checksum: 069a011e6cd7c34771820ce8fc5fbb9f (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O nome Venantius Fortunatus é bem representado nas coleções bibliográficas, mas quase todos os trabalhos concentram se em sua produção poética. Assim, parecem-nos bastante esquecidos pela crítica os escritos hagiográficos em prosa desse autor. O presente estudo pretende sob um ângulo que nos sugere ainda insuficientemente considerado, devido ao vasto campo de estudos que permitem as referidas fontes documentais analisar a adaptação hagiográfica de uma idealizada identidade episcopal construída em favor dos bispos gauleses do último quarto do sexto século, que pretendiam utilizar as imagens dos santos predecessores que ocuparam as suas respectivas sés, para afirmarem e/ou construírem sua autoridade religiosa e política frente à sua comunidade de fiéis e às autoridades públicas do reino franco. / Venantius Fortunatus is well represented in bibliographical collections, but most literature concentrates on his poetic production. As a consequence, little attention has been paid to his hagiographyc writings in prose. This work intends to analyse –even if it is from a still insufficiently developed perspective, due to the vast array of studies that these documental sources may prompt-- how Gaulish bishops' of the last quarter of the sixth century built an idealized Episcopal identity through the images of those saints who had previously occupied their respective cathedrals. This was done in order to build up and/or strengthen their religious and political authority before their community of faithful and the public authorities of the Frankish kingdom.

The subject of the thesis is to analyse the image of the Merovingian ruler in hagiographical sources concentrating on the period from the accession of Chlotar II. to the Frankish thrones in 613 until the fall of the dynasty in 751. While based on the texts, its task is to evaluate the nature of the Merovingian power, which underwent a process of Christianization by Church after baptism of Clovis I. The analysis reveals to what extent the inherited patristic ideas about political power were applied, and at the same time it comments on the issue of pagan and Christian sacrality. The study also deals with the relationship between royal power and ecclesiastical institutions in terms of administrative and spiritual, while referring to its important role in the change of dynasties. Key words: image of the ruler, hagiographical texts, Merovingians, pagan sacrality, Christian sacrality, cult of saints

Orientador: Ruy de Oliveira Andrade Filho / Banca: Ana Paula Tavares Magalhães Taconi / Banca: Leila Rodrigues da Silva / Resumo: O nome Venantius Fortunatus é bem representado nas coleções bibliográficas, mas quase todos os trabalhos concentram se em sua produção poética. Assim, parecem-nos bastante esquecidos pela crítica os escritos hagiográficos em prosa desse autor. O presente estudo pretende sob um ângulo que nos sugere ainda insuficientemente considerado, devido ao vasto campo de estudos que permitem as referidas fontes documentais analisar a adaptação hagiográfica de uma idealizada identidade episcopal construída em favor dos bispos gauleses do último quarto do sexto século, que pretendiam utilizar as imagens dos santos predecessores que ocuparam as suas respectivas sés, para afirmarem e/ou construírem sua autoridade religiosa e política frente à sua comunidade de fiéis e às autoridades públicas do reino franco. / Abstract: Venantius Fortunatus is well represented in bibliographical collections, but most literature concentrates on his poetic production. As a consequence, little attention has been paid to his hagiographyc writings in prose. This work intends to analyse -even if it is from a still insufficiently developed perspective, due to the vast array of studies that these documental sources may prompt-- how Gaulish bishops' of the last quarter of the sixth century built an idealized Episcopal identity through the images of those saints who had previously occupied their respective cathedrals. This was done in order to build up and/or strengthen their religious and political authority before their community of faithful and the public authorities of the Frankish kingdom. / Mestre

Cette étude s’occupe des conflits de loyauté entre des évêques et rois en Gaule post-romaine. L’objectif principal de ce travail sont vingt études de cas (= « Teil II »), ayant pour but d’analyser des situations conflictuelles pendant les années entre 466 et 614 (ainsi couvrant les périodes wisigotique et mérovingienne). Les résultats de ces études de cas sont résumés et évalués dans la troisième partie de la thèse présente (« Teil III »). Contrairement à la recherche antérieure sur l’épiscopat tardo-antique et haut-médiéval, l’approche adoptée ici mit en exergue des situations dans lesquelles le pouvoir épiscopal a été challengé et – à l’occasion – rompu. D’un côté, l’examen les constellations spécifiques politiques et sociales qui engendraient les conflits étudiés s’est révélé particulièrement instructive (« Teil III », chapitre 1). De l’autre côté, l’analyse comparative de la manière dont les contemporains ont géré des situations de ce genre (il s’agissait toutefois des phénomènes assez fréquents) promet des perspectives nouvelles quant à la relation entre des rois et leur épiscopat (« Teil III », chapitre 1). / The present study focuses on loyalty conflicts between bishops and kings in post-roman Gaul. The main focus is on twenty case studies (= “Teil II”), aiming to analyze specific conflict situations during the years between 466 and 614 (hence covering the Visigothic and early Merovingian periods). The results of these case studies are summarized and evaluated in the third part (= “Teil III”) of this study. In contrast to previous research on the late antique and early medieval episcopate dealing with different aspects of episcopal authority, the adopted approach consciously looks at situations where episcopal power was challenged and sometimes broken. On the one hand, the question of what kind of political and social constellations did bring about the studied conflicts proved to be instructive (“Teil III”, chapter 1). On the other hand, looking at the way how contemporaries dealt with these situations (that were, after all, quite common phenomena) promises instructive insights into the relation between kings and their episcopate (III, 2).

This thesis assesses the sixth-/early seventh-century socio-economic roots of the eighth-century transmarine system connecting England and the Continent through major coastal trading sites (emporia). Part 1 discusses socio-economic developments in the coastal areas of Kent, Sussex, Hampshire and the Isle of Wight, and the Pas-de-Calais, through a close investigation of fifth- to early seventh-century archaeological evidence. The inclusion of later written sources has been fundamental to recognise that the two shores of the Channel were connected in a more complex network than previously assumed, beyond the major emporia. These areas are then considered comparatively: after challenging substantivist approaches that assume an overwhelming importance of gift-exchange in sixth-century England, Part 2 stresses the role of transmarine traffic and exploitation of natural resources in the socio-economic development of coastal areas. The examination of sixth-century written sources has also proved rewarding to reconsider the sixth-century political relationships between Franks and Anglo-Saxons. The role of kings, churches and laymen in the later transmarine network (seventh/eighth centuries) is then discussed by including the Thames Valley, the estuaries of the rivers Seine and Loire, and the Rhine Delta, examined through the written sources. One crucial question is the role of political actors in the development of a cross-Channel system of exchange. In this regard, scholars have mainly focused on the period when this system was already in place, pointing to a pivotal role of kings and political institutions for its establishment, or to the later appropriation by elites of a coastal area already integrated in the maritime network, but detached from political power. This thesis argues that a close link existed between elites and coastal areas before the emporia; thus, although kings were not the driving stimulus for the establishment of trading sites, the transmarine traffic fostered the socio-economic development of the coastal communities.

<p>This thesis is a historical archaeological essay and deals with the Frankish empire and its sway over the European area. The aim of this essay has been to examine if the sway of the Franks reached the Scandinavian area. The Frankish empire was the most influential power in Western Europe from the 6th century until the death of Charlemagne 814 AD, when the kingdom began to disrupt. The essay is divided into three parts. The first part is a background where I describe the Frankish empire in a historical context. The second part contains the archaeological finds. The third part contains a discussion and conclusions.</p>

This thesis is a historical archaeological essay and deals with the Frankish empire and its sway over the European area. The aim of this essay has been to examine if the sway of the Franks reached the Scandinavian area. The Frankish empire was the most influential power in Western Europe from the 6th century until the death of Charlemagne 814 AD, when the kingdom began to disrupt. The essay is divided into three parts. The first part is a background where I describe the Frankish empire in a historical context. The second part contains the archaeological finds. The third part contains a discussion and conclusions.

Les perles, principalement celles en verre, figurent parmi les productions artisanales les plus emblématiques et originales de la période mérovingienne. Jamais auparavant elles n’avaient connu un tel succès. C’est par centaines ou milliers d’exemplaires qu’on les retrouve dans les nécropoles de l’ancienne Gaule. Ce matériel surprend et séduit par la grande diversité de ses formes, de ses couleurs et de ses décors, témoignant sans doute le mieux du goût particulier des Mérovingiens pour la polychromie.<p>Cette thèse de doctorat avait pour principal objectif l’élaboration d’une typo-chronologie des perles du nord de l’ancienne Gaule mérovingienne (Ve-VIIe siècles). Un objectif à double visée destiné, d’une part, à mettre en évidence une éventuelle évolution des associations de perles et, d’autre part, à proposer aux archéologues un outil de datation innovant et précis.<p>L’examen approfondi des perles d’un point de vue technologique était une condition indispensable pour espérer atteindre le degré de précision requis pour l’élaboration d’une typo-chronologie. Le recours à l’archéologie expérimentale et aux sources ethnographiques a conduit à une bien meilleure compréhension des mécanismes – souvent complexes – de la fabrication des perles.<p>La typologie compte 20567 perles, classées en 556 types, provenant de 6 nécropoles situées en Belgique :Beerlegem (Flandre-Orientale), Bossut-Gottechain (Brabant wallon), Broechem (Anvers), Harmignies (Hainaut), Verlaine « Oudoumont » (Liège) et Viesville (Hainaut). Les occupations sont principalement datées entre ca. 470/480 et ca. 630/640.<p>L’élaboration de la typo-chronologie générale a combiné deux approches :la topochronologie – méthode permettant la mise en évidence de la tendance évolutive de chaque cimetière sur la base de la répartition topographique des types de perles –, et la méthode statistique de permutation matricielle. Ce travail a permis de mettre en évidence 5 groupes d’associations communs à tous les sites, d’une durée approximative d’une quarantaine d’années chacun.<p>Au-delà d’un apport en matière de détermination chronologique, des analyses archéométriques – enrichies par l’étude technologique du matériel – ont permis d’avancer une série d’éléments neufs concernant l’origine et la circulation de plusieurs types de perles. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la succession des combinaisons de perles reflète en partie une évolution des mécanismes d’approvisionnement et des relations commerciales entre l’Orient et l’Occident. Ainsi, durant le dernier tiers du Ve et le premier tiers du VIe siècle, l’artisanat perlier semble peu développé en Occident. Le marché est essentiellement alimenté par des produits d’origine orientale – Proche-Orient (Egypte et côte syro-palestinienne) et, en moindre mesure, Moyen-Orient (Mésopotamie) et Asie du Sud (Inde et/ou Sri-Lanka) –, témoignant d’un maintien du grand commerce maritime et terrestre établi durant l’Antiquité. Le second tiers du VIe siècle constitue un moment-clé dans l’histoire économique et sociale de la perle. Entre ca. 530 et ca. 630, l’Europe occidentale s’affranchit de l’approvisionnement oriental et s’impose comme un centre de production autonome. Le ralentissement de ces importations à partir des années 530 pourrait répondre à un souhait d’affranchissement de l’Occident, alors que l’interruption de l’approvisionnement en perles orientales vers 630 pourrait quant à elle être liée au climat d’instabilité politique que connaît l’Empire byzantin et dont les conséquences auraient entraîné un déclin du commerce méditerranéen, particulièrement accentué dans la première moitié du VIIe siècle.<p>Enfin, cette étude a également abordé d’autres thématiques portant sur les usages et fonctions de cette catégorie de matériel et la réutilisation d’éléments de remploi (protohistoriques ou romains) dans les parures mérovingiennes. / Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished