in English The aim of this diploma thesis is to compare novels by Elfriede Jelinek, Ingeborg Bachmann, and Thomas Bernhard on the grounds of each authors' different understanding of language and its limits. The first part is concerned with what I found typical of the novels: Bachmann's Malina (1971) describes and represents the search for (non-violent) language, Jelinek's The Piano Teacher (1983) makes use of violent language as a weapon against violence, and Bernhard's novels problematize the question of truth and objectivity by means of first-person narrators and nested testimonies. The second part uses Roman Jakobson's theory of language as a combination of metaphor and metonymy and shows the ways in which novels can emphasize one or the other pole and what it tells about the language as a whole. Especially in the case of the texts by Bachmann and Jelinek, the important methodological models for his paper are feminist theories: theories of language and means of expression (Drucilla Cornell, John Berger), theories of cultural conditionality of the body (Simone de Beauvoir, Iris Marion Young) and feminist texts which connect body and language (Beatrice Hanssen). On the contrary, in the novels and for their analysis, the approaches that allow for gender essentialism (Luce Irigaray) prove to be...

(in English): This diploma thesis deals with the literary image of Sicily by analysing characteristic works by four Sicilian authors in the historical period from the process of the Italian unification to the end of World War II. The authors are Giovanni Verga, Luigi Pirandello, Vitaliano Brancati and Leonardo Sciascia. This thesis is based primarily on the assumption that these writers are subjective and empiric authors and their works clearly reflect the fact that they hail from Sicily having been influenced by its societal norms and traditions. The author supports her arguments by the theoretical essays written by Leonardo Sciascia, who devoted his lifetime to the study of Sicily from the historical, social, political and anthropological perspective. The basic prerequisite for this work therefore consists of three theoretical publications: Pirandello e il pirandelismo (1953, Pirandello and the pirandellism), Pirandello e la Sicilia (1961, Pirandello and Sicily), La Sicilia come metafora (1979, Sicily as a metaphor). In this thesis the author attempts to trace the common attributes and linking motifs throughout selected characteristic works and their analysis. As a conclusion, the author summarizes her observations and intends to find more general parallels between the historical development of...

This diploma thesis deals with industrial landscape in the visual arts in terms of educational, historical and theoretical viewpoints. In the theoretical part, the author deals with the interpretation of various terms that are related to this industrial issue. At the same time she outlines the development of the industrial landscape, exploration of relationships and attitudes, mostly among the younger generation, to these complexes, and deals with this issue from the aspect of art, such as suggestions or industrial materials. Very interesting and more recent phenomenon is the activity called Urbex, whose interpretation, the world and Czech leaders and its development is briefly explained. Concurrently, this activity is supplemented by visual arts, by the theme of industrial buildings, by industrial material, by memories, by feelings and relation to this landscape of the author of the thesis. In the didactic part, which is crucial to this diploma thesis, the author has developed five preparations for units of teaching in art lessons, where she focused both the use of industrial materials and this theme . Her aim was to acquaint students with these issues and possibilities of working with these materials. Four preparations, which were taught in elementary school in Vodickova, Prague 1, were fine...

This thesis is focused on the conceptualisation of emotions in Czech Sign Language with the emphasis on the linguistic conceptualisation of anger. At the beginning the author reveals basic theoretical issues of the cognitive linguistics of spoken and sign linguistics. Afterwards she presents some general facts about metaphor and metonymy in spoken and sign languages - with the main focus on the metaphorical-metonymic conceptualisation of anger - and shows metaphors and metonymies of anger in the English, Polish and Czech language. The core of the thesis consists of the linguistic research of anger in Czech Sign Language. The author identifies basic metaphors and metonymies of the concept of ANGER in Czech Sign Language within the empirically gained linguistic material. The gained data from all four languages are compared and presented in a table at the end of this paper. Key words: cognitive linguistics, emotions, conceptualisation of emotions, the concept of ANGER, Czech Sign Language, metaphor, metonymy, metaphorical mapping, iconic mapping, iconic-metaphorical mapping.

Preliminary work: Student's professional identity focused on Primary Education in conjunction with personality development are the main topic of the thesis. The author would processed through authors' work called "My Cosmos, Your Cosmos, Our Universe" where she would utilise such methods of the Artographic investigation, by which she would reflect herself, her relationships with people that surround her, among other things it has influence on herself as well as on her path to teaching. In her opinion, the cosmos (or the universe) is closely related to space-time, but mainly to those other metaphorical universes of people around. Another influence could be seen in a fate that could characterise the actual realisation of a set of individual universes itself, which for its ever increasing variety is the same authentic, autonomous universe in which she could see the main purpose. The basis for the creative work and its interpretation would be Conceptual Art, Visual Anthropology and Visual Culture with an emphasis on authenticity (artistic) testimony in relation to his / her position in the social field and contemporary collaborative art. In the theoretical part, the author will be focused on the played role by the processing of artistic portfolios in the professional preparation of a primary school...

The dissertation The Linguistic Picture of Death, Afterlife and Dying in Primary and Secondary School Pupils is devoted to the reconstruction of the linguistic picture of death in these groups of pupils, its mutual comparison and its comparison with the developed psychological concept of death. Furthermore, it describes how the taboo of this topic manifests itself in the pupils' linguistic picture of death and which modifications of the linguistic picture of the world are shown in the linguistic picture of death among pupils. In the first part, the dissertation deals with the concept of death in language and culture, and thus also with the linguistic and socio-cultural taboo of this phenomenon. We deal with the development of the conception of death in history and also the development of the concept of death of children and youth. The theoretical frame for this work is based on the methods of cognitive linguistics and its approach to linguistic research. We characterize this linguistic approach, its methods and the main representatives in the next part of the work. We use cognitive linguist methods not only for processing but also for collecting language data. In the third part, we analyze system, text and empirical language data. Textual data are derived from texts of intentional literature for...

This thesis deals with basic colour terms (in the conception of B. Berlin and P. Kay) in Czech and Russian idioms. The theoretical framework applied in this research incorporates the main tenets of cognitive semantics (the language is anthropocentric, it is interrelated with the mind, the lexical meaning is motivated by bodily experience of speakers, the categorization as a crucial way of reality interpretation). According to it the semantics of colour terms are presented as a structured mental category that consists of individual concepts (meanings), which are inter- linked with one another. The core of this thesis presents the analysis of the Czech and Russian dictionaries and the corpus data, in terms of which the prototypes of each colour term are revealed and visual schemes of their metaphorical and metonymic meaning extension are charted. The findings lead to designate the similarities and the differences in the meaning of studied terms, in particular to determinate some features, which are peculiar for linguistic worldview of Czech and Russian.

This diploma thesis explores the lyrical poetry of Eduard Mörike (1804-1875), a German poet. The topic of the thesis is theencountering of nature and love in his works. This poet, less known in the Czech context, wrote various kinds of poems, which deserve attention. The thesis is divided in two parts, theoretical and interpretative. In the first part, the thesis focuses on giving an overall context (I deal with a historical context, literary epochs, during which Eduard Mörike wrote, his personality and general introduction in lyrical poetry). The second part of my thesis aims to interpret selected poems, which are divided bytheir themes: romantic love, the morning, wayfaring, the forest and the so-called "Dinggedichte," or poems focusing on understanding and appreciation of a single item. In each poem, a mood or feeling that characterizes the poem is described, who is the speaker within the poem, and which topics of love and nature can be observed. From the perspective of form, I analyze the rhyme scheme. The analysis of each thematic group also contains a comparation of the poems. The interpretational part aims to connect and evaluate the interweaving of love and nature in the poetic works of Eduard Mörike and touch upon the deeper meaning of the poems. Its aim is also to make the selected works...

The thesis Darkness as a Metaphor in Film Noir explores the theme of darkness in film noir. Darkness is not merely formal, but also metaphorical communication vehicle, which works as a semantic framework and therefore when "reading" interpretive efforts have to be expended. In question of theory the thesis is based on Paul Ricoeur's living metaphor that transmute existing meanings and causes interpretive activities, as well as on conceptualization of the text openness towards the recipient, which is represented by theories of Roman Ingarden's places of indeterminacy, Wolfgang Iser's gaps, and Umberto Eco's open work. The hypothesis is the presumption that film noir can be understood in a way that it brings to viewers a change of perception, or a new visual experience, which was not present in cinema until then and which leads to the perception of "third sense". The thesis provides analyses of film noir movies and highlights their specific narrative and stylistic elements. The research also refers to the history of darkness in visual culture, while asking whether the traditional stereotypes can be separated from the inevitable sensual experience.

[pt] Este trabalho trata do uso de estruturas alternativas ao período hipotético eventual (ou potencial), construído, na oração subordinada, com a conjunção se e com o futuro do subjuntivo e, na oração principal, com o futuro do indicativo. Com base em conceitos do Funcionalismo e da Pragmática Intercultural e por meio de um questionário aplicado a falantes de português do Rio de Janeiro, objetiva-se construir uma escala de congruência com as estruturas em foco; verificar se as estruturas alternativas testadas são, de fato, alternativas; analisar em que medida os fatores proximidade, intimidade, hierarquia e formalidade influenciam o uso do período em questão e das estruturas alternativas testadas; e determinar em que contextos de fala as estruturas alternativas são preferidas pelos falantes do português do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados apontam que o período hipotético é preferido pelos falantes, embora as estruturas alternativas ocorram com maior frequência em contextos de maior intimidade e de menor formalidade, distanciamento e hierarquia entre os participantes. Pretende-se, assim, contribuir com o ensino de português como língua estrangeira, oferecendo um estudo de diferentes formas de construção do referido período amplamente empregadas pelos cariocas. / [en] This study deals with the use of alternative structures to hypothetical sentences called eventual (or potential), built, in the subordinate clause, with the conjunction if and with the future subjunctive, and, in the main clause, with the future indicative. Based on concepts of Functionalism and Intercultural Pragmatics and through a questionnaire applied to Portuguese speakers from Rio de Janeiro, the objectives are to build a congruence scale with structures in focus; to verify if the tested alternative structures are, in fact, alternatives; to examine to what extent the factors closeness, intimacy, hierarchy and formality influence the use of the period in question and the tested alternative structures; and to determine in which speech contexts the alternative structures are preferred by speakers of Portuguese in Rio de Janeiro. The results show that the hypothetical sentences is preferred by speakers, although the alternative structures occur most often in contexts of greater intimacy and less formality, distance and hierarchy among the participants. The aim is thus to contribute to the teaching of Portuguese as a foreign language, offering a study of different forms of constructions of this sentence, which are widely used by locals.