[pt] O intuito deste trabalho é aplicar metamateriais elásticos na mitigação de esforços impulsivos gerados por um disparo de um armamento. Os impactos ou forças impulsivas são caracterizados por forças de magnitudes muito altas aplicadas em um tempo extremamente pequeno, implicando em grandes acelerações e desacelerações. Tal comportamento é amplamente estudado na literatura nas esferas impactantes do Berço de Newton e este trabalho tem seu início por meio da análise do comportamento dessas esferas e dos modelos das forças de contato entre elas. Em seguida é analisado o Berço de Newton por meio do enfoque da propagação de ondas e uma comparação entre a modelagem numérica e analítica é comprovada. Os metamateriais elásticos, componentes com propriedades especiais, são apresentados e sua característica de bloquear propagações em determinadas faixas de frequência é verificada. Também é desenvolvida experimentalmente uma célula unitária e é feita a comprovação da capacidade de atenuação da propagação de determinada faixa de frequência. O sistema de recuo, local proposto para verificar a eficiência do emprego dos metamateriais, é modelado de forma simplificada, bem como dois novos modelos são propostos com o objetivo de se verificar qual é mais indicado para a aplicação dos metamateriais. Finalmente é feita a modelagem de uma possível aplicação, visando a construção de um dispositivo composto por metamateriais elásticos para ser empregado na mitigação de esforços impulsivos e a redução da força transmitida para o suporte que todo o conjunto está fixo é numericamente comprovada. / [en] The purpose of this work is to apply elastic metamaterials in the mitigation of impulsive efforts generated by a firing of an armament. Impacts or impulsive forces are characterized by very high magnitudes of forces applied in an extremely small period of time, implying large accelerations and decelerations. Such behavior is widely studied in the literature in the impacting spheres of Newton s Cradle and this work has its beginning through the analysis of the behavior of these spheres and its contact force models. Next, Newton s Cradle is analyzed through the wave propagation approach and a comparison between numerical and analytical modeling is proven. Elastic metamaterials, components with special properties, are presented and their feature to block propagation in certain frequency bands is verified. A unit cell is also experimentally developed and its capacity to attenuate the propagation of a particular frequency band is tested. The recoil system, where the efficiency of employing the metamaterials is proposed, is modeled in a simplified way, as well as two new models are proposed in order to verify which one is most suitable for the application of metamaterials. Finally, the modeling of a possible application is made, aiming the construction of a device composed of elastic metamaterials to be employed in the mitigation of impulsive efforts and the reduction of the force transmitted to the support that the whole set is fixed is numerically proven.

Les métamatériaux sont des matériaux artificiels, formés par l’assemblage de nano-résonateurs, qui ont la capacité d’interagir avec les ondes qui les traversent et de conférer des propriétés inaccessibles aux matériaux homogènes. Afin de fabriquer de tels métamatériaux agissant dans le domaine du visible, un contrôle précis de l’organisation des résonateurs à l’échelle nanométrique est requis. Dans ce projet nous avons donc élaboré des voies de fabrication de type bottom-up, en organisant de façon anisotrope des nanoparticules d’or (AuNPs), qui sont des résonateurs du fait de leurs propriétés plasmoniques, dans un film de copolymères à blocs poly(styrène)-b-poly(vinylpyridine) (PS-b-PVP) nano-structuré en rangées de cylindres de PVP perpendiculaires au substrat.Au cours de ce projet, nous avons élaboré des routes de formulation permettant de produire des films de phase cylindrique hexagonale de copolymères alignés contenant des nanoparticules d’or. L’orientation des cylindres perpendiculaires au substrat a été obtenue en déposant le copolymère grâce à un solvant neutre dont la composition dépend de la fraction volumique en PVP du copolymère. La structure des films avec et sans nanoparticules a été caractérisée par microscopie et diffusion des rayons X en incidence rasante (GISAXS). Plusieurs méthodes d’incorporation des nanoparticules d’or ont été étudiées, soit en synthétisant les nanoparticules au sein du copolymère, en solution avant dépôt ou directement dans le film organisé ; soit en incorporant des nanoparticules pré-formées, en solution de copolymère ou dans le film déposé. Dans le cas de la synthèse in situ, nous avons formé les AuNPs par réduction chimique ou physique (sonication, radiolyse) d’un sel d’or dans le copolymère. L’incorporation des AuNPs pré-formées, elle, a été réalisée grâce à la fonctionnalisation des AuNPs ou par un traitement du film de copolymère afin de faciliter l’insertion des AuNPs. / Metamaterials are artificial materials, made from the assembly of nano-resonators, which can interact with incoming waves and get properties unknown for homogeneous materials. In order to fabricate metamaterials with an effect over visible light, a precise control over the organization at the nanoscale is required. The goal of this project was then the use of bottom-up approaches to achieve the anisotropic organization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which are resonators due to their plasmonic properties, into a poly(styrene)-b-poly(vinylpyridine) block copolymer film, with a nanostructuration in arrays of PVP cylindrical domains perpendicular to the substrate.During this work, we investigated routes for the fabrication of copolymer films containing ordered gold nanoparticles in a hexagonal cylindrical phase. The orientation of the cylinders normal to the substrate was obtained by casting the copolymer with a neutral solvent whose composition was found dependent on the volumic fraction of PVP in the copolymer. The film structure with and without AuNPs was characterized by microscopy and Grazing-Incidence Small-Angle X-rays Scattering (GISAXS). Several incorporation methods for the insertion of AuNPs were studied, either by the in situ synthesis of the nanoparticles in solution before casting or directly into the ordered film; or by incorporating pre-formed AuNPs in the copolymer solution or in the film as-cast. In the case of the in situ synthesis, the AuNPs were formed by chemical or physical (sonication, radiolysis) reduction of a gold salt in the copolymer. The incorporation of pre-formed AuNPs was, achieved thanks to the functionalization of the AuNPs or by a treatment of the copolymer film in order to facilitate the insertion of the AuNPs.

Orientador: Hugo Enrique Hernandez Figueroa, Michel zamboni Rached / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T09:52:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ambrosio_LeonardoAndre_D.pdf: 7134713 bytes, checksum: 36a77f1e2e7f49fb16e793969325d64e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Nesta tese, abordamos aplicações de feixes localizados em FSO - Free Space Optics - e em pinças ópticas, com ênfase maior para o segundo. No primeiro caso, mostramos que é possível pré-determinar o padrão de intensidade longitudinal através de elementos ópticos adequadamente modelados em suas funções de fase: os áxicons. Assim, estes feixes poderiam ser usados para alinhar o link. No caso de pinças ópticas, exploramos a idéia de que, em breve, será possível a contrução de partículas esféricas homogêneas, na escala micrométrica, com índice de refração negativo (as chamadas DNG particles, ou Double-Negative particles), e verificamos as propriedades de aprisionamento óptico tanto para feixes gaussianos quanto para feixes localizados, no regime de óptica geométrica e no caso mais geral da teoria eletromagnética. A idéia de que partículas são atraídas para regiões de alta intensidade quando seu índice de refração é maior do que o do meio, e para regiões de baixa intensidade quando este índice é menor, embora válida para partículas convencionais - aquelas com índice de refração positivo -, deve ser revista para partículas DNG. / Abstract: In this thesis, we explore some applications of localized beams in FSO - Free Space Optics - and optical tweezers, greater emphasis been given to the second one. For FSO, we show that it is possible to choose the desired longitudinal intensity pattern by using optical elements adequately modeled in their phase functions: the axicons. In this way, these beams could be uses for optical alignment of the link. In the case of optical tweezers, we investigate the possibility that it will soon be possible to design and build homogeneous spherical particles, in the micron scale, with negative refractive index (the so called DNG particles, or Double-Negative particles), and we verify some properties related to optical trapping, both for Gaussian and Bessel beams, in the optics ray regime and in the more general electromagnetic case. The idea that particles with refractive index higher than the medium in which it is immersed is attracted to regions of high intensity, whereas it is attracted to regions of low intensity when its refractive index is lower than the medium, although valid for conventional particles - those with positive refractive index - must be revisited for DNG particles. / Doutorado / Telecomunicações e Telemática / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

Orientador: Hugo E. Hernandez Figueroa / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T23:26:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sartori_EduardoJose_D.pdf: 11903812 bytes, checksum: 6e06f001155d33b841c61ae93464c897 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Metamateriais são estruturas ou arranjos geométricos feitos a partir de materiais comuns, dielétricos, condutores, magnéticos ou por combinação destes. Os metamateriais caracterizam-se principalmente por apresentarem propriedades especiais de permissividade ( e) e permeabilidade ( µ) não encontradas nos materiais em estado natural, cujo principal efeito é o índice negativo de refração (n < 0). Essas características permitem seu emprego em diversos tipos de aplicações em eletromagnetismo e óptica, tais como filtros passa-faixa e rejeita-faixa, espelhos dielétricos, super lentes etc. Normalmente, o equacionamento envolvido no cálculo de parâmetros dos metamateriais são complexos e, na maioria das vezes, necessitam de apoio computacional. Por este motivo, o presente trabalho traz um estudo experimental sobre dois tipos de comportamento metamaterial, o de permissividade quase-zero e negativa, analisando seu desempenho sob vários aspectos geométricos e de características dos materiais envolvidos, além de propor uma metodologia de desenvolvimento, a qual possibilita um rápido dimensionamento de diversos tipos de grades metamateriais, baseada em cálculos simples ou consulta direta a tabelas e curvas de projeto. / Abstract: Metamaterials are structures or geometric arrangements made from common materials, dielectrics, conductors, magnetic or a combination of these. Metamaterials are characterized mainly because of their special characteristics of permittivity ( e) and permeability ( µ), not found in the materials at natural state, whose main effect is the negative index of refraction (n <0). These characteristics allow its use in several types of applications in electromagnetism and optics, such as band-pass and band-stop filters, dielectric mirrors, super lenses etc.. Typically, the equations involved in the calculation of parameters of metamaterials are complex and, in most cases, require high capability computational methods. For this reason, this work presents an experimental study on two types of metamaterial behavior, near-zero and negative permittivity, examining its performance in several geometric aspects and characteristics of the materials involved, and propose a development methodology, which allows a fast scaling of various types of metamaterials grids, based on simple calculations or direct consultation tables and curves design. / Doutorado / Telecomunicações e Telemática / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

Este trabalho tem por objetivo o estudo de dispersão de pulsos ultracurtos em estruturas metamateriais para a faixa de micro-ondas. Como é bem sabido, os metamateriais são estruturas altamente dispersivas em qualquer faixa de frequências. Essas características dispersivas são normalmente tratadas como deletérias para a propagação de pulsos. Entretanto, nesta dissertação é demonstrado que essas mesmas características podem produzir efeitos benéficos em certas aplicações. Para isso é realizada uma análise teórica detalhada das características de dispersão de células metamateriais de diferentes geometrias. Adicionalmente, é investigada a propagação de um pulso gaussiano em meios metamateriais infinitos com o objetivo de melhor compreender fenomenologia por trás dos efeitos de dispersão nesses materiais. É também apresentado um novo procedimento de homogeneização de metamateriais que permite descrever estes meios de maneira mais precisa e com menor custo computacional que métodos encontrados na literatura. Esse método é baseado em modelos materiais conhecidos, como os de Lorentz e Drude. Este trabalho também apresenta uma nova abordagem para compressão de pulsos e compensação de dispersão por meio da propagação de pulsos de micro-ondas chirpados em metamateriais no regime de refração negativa. Para conseguir esse efeito, são investigadas placas de metamateriais com espessuras de 1, 3, 5 e 7 células metamateriais utilizando o método das diferenças finitas no domínio do tempo (FDTD) juntamente com técnicas de extração de parâmetros. É demonstrado que com o controle do chirp inicial do pulso, em associação com a densidade/geometria das células metamateriais e de sua resposta em frequência, é possível não só compensar o alargamento temporal desses pulsos devido à dispersão cromática como também realizar a compressão temporal por um fator de 2. / The goal of this work is to study the dispersion of ultra-short microwave pulses in metamaterials structures. It is well known that metamaterials are highly dispersive structures in any frequency range. These dispersive characteristics are normally treated as deleterious to pulse propagation. However, in this dissertation it is demonstrated that these characteristics can produce beneficial effects in certain applications. This assertion is addressed through a theoretical analysis of the dispersion of metamaterials cells of different geometries. In addition, it is investigated the propagation of a gaussian pulse through an infinite homogeneous metamaterial structure aiming at improving our understanding of the phenomenology behind dispersion effects in such media. It is also presented a new homogenization procedure for metamaterials that allows these media to be described in a more realistic manner and with computational cost lower than those currently found in the literature. This procedure is based on well known material models, such as Drude and Lorentz models. This work also introduces an efficient technique for pulse compression and dispersion compensation via propagation of chirped microwave pulses through metamaterials in the negative refraction regime. To accomplish this, it is investigated infinitely wide metamaterial slabs with thicknesses of 1, 3, 5, and 7 cells with a finite difference in time domain method together with a parameter extraction technique. It is demonstrated that by controlling the chirp of the initial pulse, in association with the metamaterial cell density/geometry and frequency response, it is possible not only to compress the pulse (by a factor of 2), but also to compensate pulse broadening due to chromatic dispersion.

Grâce aux récents progrès dans le domaine de la nanofabrication, la réalisation de structures photoniques a été rendue possible, permettant le contrôle de rayonnements lumineux utiles en tant que vecteurs d'informations ou pour la collecte de l'énergie. Ce manuscrit de thèse rassemble les études menées en collaboration avec Thalès Optronique sur deux démonstrateurs du projet ANR NPOEM, dont l'objectif est de réaliser des structures photoniques sur substrats souples par nanoimpression. Le premier démonstrateur consiste en un antireflet utilisant le domaine de résonance de réseaux de diffraction bipériodiques composés de motifs pyramidaux. Des réseaux de structures coniques à méplat lisse, structuré ou rugueux ont été modélisés par FDTD et RCWA, réalisées en collaboration avec le LTM et le CEA Liten, puis caractérisés à l'IM2NP. Les performances antireflets obtenues sont remarquables (réflectivité inférieure à 2% en incidence normale) et s'étendent sur une très large gamme spectrale du visible à l'infrarouge. Le second démonstrateur présente une fonction de filtrage de type passe-bas dans le visible et l'infrarouge. Une étude de plusieurs structures résonnantes de type métamatériaux (croix métalliques, empilement métal-diélectrique-métal, cônes métalliques et plaque métallique perforée) a montré les phénomènes de propagation singuliers liées aux petites dimensions (modes de bord, ondes de surface et couplages de proximité) et a conduit à la réalisation finale d'un filtre flexible et de large surface présentant les propriétés souhaitées. Les composants photoniques réalisés dans cette thèse trouvent leurs applications dans les domaines de la furtivité et du solaire thermique. / Thanks to recent advances in nanofabrication, the realization of photonic structures was possible, allowing the control of light as an information vector or for energy harvesting. This PhD thesis adresses the studies carried out in collaboration with Thales Optronics on two demonstrators for the ANR NPOEM research project, whose objective is to fabricate photonic structures on flexible substrates by nanoimprint technology. The first demonstrator consists of an antireflective coating using resonance phenomena within biperiodic diffraction gratings. Conical structures with flat, rough or patterned tops were modeled by FDTD and RCWA, carried out in collaboration with the CEA Liten LTM and then characterized at the IM2NP institute. The antireflective performances obtained are remarkable (reflection coefficient lower than 2 % at normal incidence) and extend over a wide spectral range from the visible to the infrared region. The second demonstrator presents a low-pass type filtering function at optical and infrared frequencies. A study of several resonant structures such as metamaterials (metallic crosses, metal-dielectric-metal stack, metallic cones and perforated plates) showed singular propagation phenomena related to small dimensions (modes, surface waves and proximity coupling) and led to the completion of a large surface, flexible filter demonstrating the desired properties. The photonic components made during this thesis have applications in the stealth and thermal solar domains.

Les matériaux acoustiques super absorbants, sub-longueur d’ondes et large bande, ouvrent de nouvelles perspectives prometteuses pour l’isolation sonore. Dans ce contexte, nous avons conçu et synthétisé des structures hétérogènes comportant des microbilles sphériques de silicone poreux « ultra-lentes », distribuées dans des matrices aqueuses ou élastomériques. Dans un premier temps, nous avons démontré pourquoi la vitesse du son est aussi basse dans les silicones poreux (<100 m/s) comparativement à celle de milieux homogènes (~1000 m/s). Ce fort contraste de propriétés acoustiques entre phases étant susceptible d’induire des propriétés extrêmement diffusantes des microbilles, nous avons étudié l’impact de la nature de la matrice et de l’arrangement (aléatoire ou périodique) des microbilles sur les propriétés acoustiques d’échantillons se présentant sous forme de plaques sub-longueurs d’ondes à faces parallèles. Nous avons montré que la présence de minima prononcés dans le coefficient de transmission de ces métaplaques était pilotée par la résonance monopolaire des microbilles, et était fortement conditionnée par la nature de la matrice environnante. Enfin, toutes les mesures ultrasonores de l’étude ont été confrontées avec succès à des prédictions issues de modèles de diffusion multiple. / Acoustic metamaterials may behave like sub-wavelength and broadband sound-absorbers, opening thus new promising routes for sound insulation. In this context, we have designed and achieved heterogeneous structures composed of soft porous silicone rubber microbeads with ultra-low sound speeds, dispersed in various aqueous or elastomeric matrices. First, we show why the sound speed is so low in soft porous silicone rubber materials (<100m/s) in comparison with soft homogeneous materials (~1000m/s). Such a large sound-speed contrast resulting in strongly scattering properties of the microbeads, we have studied the influence of the matrix characteristics as well as the arrangement of microbeads (random or ordered) on the acoustic properties of the samples in form of sub-wavelength slabs. We have evidenced deep and wide minima of acoustic transmission due to the strong monopolar resonances of the microbeads, which strongly depend on the properties of the surrounding matrix. All our ultrasonic measurements have been compared with theoretical predictions based on various Multiple Scattering Theories, revealing an excellent quantitative agreement.

We have studied several metamaterials structures with multiple layers by explaining them theoretically and verifying experimentally. The engineered structures we have designed work either as a perfect absorber or antireflection coating. The multilayer model as we call it Three Layer Model (TLM) has been developed, which gives the total reflection and transmission as a function of reflection and transmission of individual layers. By manipulating the amplitude and phase of the reflection and the transmission of the individual layers, we can get the required functionality of the optoelectronic devices. To get zero reflection in the both perfect absorber and the antireflection coating, the amplitude and phase conditions should be satisfied simultaneously. We have employed the numerical simulation of the structures to verify those conditions for all of the work presented here. As the theoretical retrieval method to extract the effective permittivity and effective permeability of the metamaterial contains air on the both side of the structure, we have dielectric at least on one side practically, that gives a little bit deviated result. We have modified the retrieval method to better fit with the multilayer structure by introducing air on the both side of the resonator using transfer matrix method and use it throughout all the works. We have explained the perfect absorption of the EM wave through Fabry-Perot cavity bounded by the resonator mirror and the metallic film. The metallic film acts as the close boundary whereas the resonator acts as the quasi-open boundary with very high effective permittivity, which leads to the characteristic feature of subwavelength thickness. We have shown numerically that the ultra-thin thickness makes the perfect absorber angular independent. We have also explained the phenomenon of perfect absorption through Impedance Matched Theory and Transmission Line Theory, and showed their matching with TLM. We have also developed the Meta Film Model by considering the resonator as a homogeneous thin film characterized by the effective permittivity and permeability giving rise to the same behavior as the original multilayer structure. We have shown that the resonance of the metamaterial resonator is very far from the resonance of the absorber, it behaves as the medium of high refractive index and very low loss. We have also shown that the density of states of the absorber is increased as compared to the resonator itself. We have investigated that the resonance peaks of the absorber arise from the combination of Fabry- Perot cavity modes and surface plasmon resonance modes. All the modes with increased spacer thickness are assigned with specific names describing the mode profiles. We have shown the application of perfect absorber as a refractive index sensor. It is used as a plasmonic sensor to detect the refractive index change of the chemical and biological samples. To increase the sensitivity, we have etched the dielectric spacer below the resonator, where electric field is localized and enhanced. We have found that the sensitivity (wavelength shift per refractive index change) and the Figure of Merit (FOM*) as an indicator of performance of the device both are enhanced significantly. We have employed metamaterial (MM) anti-reflection (AR) coating to avoid the shortcomings of the conventional thin film coating in three different cases of the structures. At first, we have deployed metamaterial Metal Disk Array (MDA) on the top of conventional coating material (BCB) with homogeneous substrate to enhance the transmission of EM wave. Then conventional AR coating is employed to the dispersive media (metal Hole Array) to enhance the transmission. We have shown that Impedance matched condition has been satisfied not only for homogeneous media, but for dispersive media also. At the end, we have employed the MM AR coating to the MM dispersive media (MHA). The two MM layers may interact with each other and may degrade the SPP wave of the MHA, which is essential to enhance the performance of the devices. To investigate the effect of interaction, we perform the simulation of the MDA, which shows that the resonance of the MDA is far from the antireflection resonance and hence the electric field of the SPP is significantly increased (~30%). With an improved retrieval method, the metasurface is proved to exhibit a high effective permittivity (εeff~30) and extremely low loss (tanδ~0.005). For all of the three AR structures, a classical thin film AR coating mechanism is identified through analytical derivations and numerical simulations. The properly designed εeff and μeff of the meta surface lead to the required phase and amplitude conditions for the AR coating, thereby paving the way for the improved performance of the optoelectronic devices. We have used MHA as a dispersive media to get extraordinary optical transmission (EOT). To understand the behavior of the SPP peaks, we have investigated the shifting and splitting of the spoof SPP resonance by varying the polar angle and azimuthal angle. The amplitude of extraordinary optical transmission also shows angle dependence and exhibits mirror-image or translational symmetries. Our measurements and simulations of the THz spoof SPP waves match very well with the theoretical predictions. The angle dependence results provide the important information for designing THz plasmonic devices in sensor and detector applications.

This dissertation includes the study of effective medium theories (EMTs) and their applications in describing wave propagation in anisotropic metamaterials, which can guide the design of metamaterials. An EMT based on field averaging is proposed to describe a peculiar anisotropic dispersion relation that is linear along the symmetry line but quadratic in the perpendicular direction. This dispersion relation is associated with the topological transition of the iso-frequency contours (IFCs), suggesting interesting wave propagation behaviors from beam shaping to beam splitting. In the framework of coherent potential approximation, an analytical EMT is further developed, with the ability to build a direct connection between the microscopic structure and the macroscopic material properties, which overcomes the requirement of prior knowledge of the field distributions. The derived EMT is valid beyond the long-wavelength limit. Using the EMT, an anisotropic zero-index metamaterial is designed. Moreover, the derived EMT imposes a condition that no scattered wave is generated in the ambient medium, which suggests the input signal cannot detect any object that might exist, making it invisible. Such correspondence between the EMT and the invisibilityinspires us to explore the wave cloaking in the same framework of coherent potential approximation. To further broaden the application realm of EMT, an EMT using the parameter retrieval method is studied in the regimes where the previously-developed EMTs are no longer accurate. Based on this study, in conjunction with the EMT mentioned above, a general scheme to realize coherent perfect absorption (CPA) in anisotropic metamaterials is proposed. As an exciting area in metamaterials, the field of metasurfaces has drawn great attention recently. As an easily attainable device, a grating may be the simplest version of metasurfaces. Here, an analytical EMT for gratings made of cylinders is developed by using the multiple scattering theory (MST) method and the lattice sum. Validation of the theory is verified by the agreement between the EMT predictions and the numerical calculations. It is found the EMT is capable of accurately predicting the wave transport behaviors, even for frequencies where the Mie resonances happen.

L'allègement des structures est un enjeu économique important dans les domaines d'activités industrielles telles que l'automobile, l'aéronautique ou le naval, qui intègrent peu à peu les matériaux composites dans la fabrication des structures. Cet allègement s'accompagne d'un raidissement de la matière qui implique des problèmes de vibrations et d'isolation acoustique. Plusieurs méthodes de traitement existent pour diminuer les vibrations ou le bruit rayonné d'une paroi, mais ces méthodes ont l'inconvénient d'augmenter significativement la masse de la paroi. Afin de répondre à cette problématique, il est proposé dans cette thèse de modifier le comportement dynamique des structures à partir d'un réseau périodique de patchs piézoélectriques shuntés avec un circuit électrique dont il est possible de modifier l'impédance. En contrôlant ainsi le comportement dynamique des patchs piézoélectriques, il est possible de contrôler le comportement vibratoire de la structure et donc de traiter les problèmes de transmissions solidiennes ou de transmissions aériennes.La méthode de shunt choisie est la méthode dite de shunt à capacité négative qui permet de modifier la rigidité d'une structure. Cette méthode dite semi-passive présente plusieurs avantages : la mise en œuvre est simple, il est possible d'intégrer les patchs directement à l'intérieur de la paroi, elle consomme une faible quantité d'énergie électrique et sa mise en application est peu onéreuse. / Making the structure lighter is an important economic stake in the field of industrial activities such as automotive, aeronautic or naval, which gradually integrate composite materials in the manufacturing of structures. This reduction of the mass goes along with a stiffening of the matter implying acoustics and vibrations issues. Several methods exist to reduce vibrations or acoustic radiations of structures, but these methods increase the mass. In order to answer the problematic, we propose to change the dynamic behavior of structures with a periodic lattice of piezoelectric patches shunted with an electrical circuit whose the impedance can be controlled. Therefore, the control of the coupled behavior of the piezoelectric patches allows the control of vibrational wave's diffusion inside the structure and so to treat the structure-borne vibrations and airborne acoustics emission. The shunt method chosen is negative capacitance shunt which allows to modify the rigidity of a structure. This semi-passive method has several advantages: the implementation is simple, it is possible to integrate the patches directly inside the wall, it consumes a low amonte of electrical energy and its implementation is inexpensive.