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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
111

RENOVAÇÃO CARISMÁTICA CATÓLICA: A CURA MILAGROSA COMO UM ESPAÇO CONVERGENTE ENTRE RELIGIÃO E MEDICINA. / Catholic Charismatic Renewal: the miraculous healing as convergent space between Religion and Medicine.

Silva, Sélcio de Souza 09 February 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:46:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SELCIO DE SOUZA SILVA.pdf: 6140283 bytes, checksum: a110c13fcac810bfbc31fb43930a7786 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-09 / Our purpose of study and corpus research is the Catholic Charismatic Renewal, a Pentecostal hustle, introduced in the Roman Catholic Christian religious institution. The objective in this work is to understand the action of the sacred in any miracle purpose, our goal is to analyze the concepts of miracle cure in the Catholic Charismatic Renewal presented by the faithful, from their narratives about how they its impacts on personal and social life of those who took part in the experience of the miraculous phenomena, that is, cancer cure. Charismatic Renewal, thus enabling an environment conducive to the pursuit of religious offering (occurrence of miracles) to the sacred, from feelings as belief and supernatural faith, but without leaving the conventional treatment. Reestablishing them physical, psychic and emotionally, giving them a purpose (nomia) to their existence. It will be developed through a field research, supported in the sociological discussion of religion that will enable us to identify each Catholic Charismatic Renewal, beyond the therapeutic function, element as convener (because of its paradoxical character), between Religion and Medicine, faith and science. In particular, it will be focused through this labor, to analyze and present the experience of the miracle with a group of 7 (seven) women Brazil. For this current analysis, it will be used, in our fieldwork, two investigative methods: participant observation and implementation of two research questionnaires (self-applicable). Therefore we realize that religion, mainly the Catholic Charismatic Renewal is a way to provide its followers to try religion or it may lead to the meeting cancer. In Catholic Charismatic Renewal, the miracle cure comes as a converging space between Religion and Medicine because these two realities in modern ages are prone to reconnect towards the solution of modern problems. This encounter provides changes in the psychological and social behavior, because they correspond, respectively, a change in the order of the conscious and unconscious and, hence a behavioral intrapersonal and interpersonal change. / O objeto de estudo deste trabalho é a Renovação Carismática Católica, movimento pentecostal, pertencente à instituição religiosa cristã católica romana. Buscar-se-á, nessa tese, compreender a ação do Sagrado nas eventuais curas milagrosas da RCC nos diversos exercícios espirituais praticados pelos seus adeptos. Para tal propósito, o objetivo é analisar as concepções da cura milagrosa na Renovação Carismática Católica apresentadas pelos seus fiéis, a partir de suas narrativas sobre como testem impactos na vida pessoal e social daqueles que participaram da experiência dos fenômenos milagrosos, isto é, a cura do câncer. A RCC, ao possibilitar um ambiente propício para a busca da oferta religiosa (ocorrência dos milagres) aos seus fiéis, faz com que alguns de seus adeptos experimentem a manifestação do Sagrado, a partir de sentimentos de crença e fé no sobrenatural, sem, todavia, abandonar o tratamento convencional. Restabelece-os, tanto física, psíquica e emocionalmente, dando-lhes sentido (nomia) à sua existência. Será desenvolvida uma pesquisa de campo, amparada na discussão sociológica da Religião que nos possibilitará identificar a RCC, além da função terapêutica, como elemento congregador (por conta de seu caráter paradoxal) entre religião e medicina, fé e ciência. De modo especial, buscar-se-á, neste trabalho, analisar e apresentar a experiência do milagre com um grupo de 07 (sete) mulheres que dizem terem sido curadas no Grupo de cidade de Goiânia, GO. Para análise, serão utilizados, neste trabalho de campo, dois métodos investigativos: observação participante e aplicação de dois questionários (auto-aplicáveis) de pesquisa. Percebe-se que a Religião, de modo específico, a RCC possibilita ao fiel a experiência religiosa ou o encontro do homo religiosus com o Sagrado dentro da trama humana da doença cancerígena. Na Renovação Carismática Católica, a cura milagrosa apresenta-se como um espaço convergente entre Religião e Medicina porque essas duas realidades na modernidade estão propensas a se re/aproximar em prol da solução dos problemas modernos. Esse encontro proporciona mudança nos comportamentos de ordem psicológica e sociológica porque corresponde, respectivamente, a uma mudança da ordem do consciente e do inconsciente e, consequentemente, a uma mudança comportamental intrapessoal e interpessoal.
112

Roberto Campos e o ordoliberalismo alemão: idéias e planejamento para o Brasil (1963-1987)

Klein, Caroline Rippe De Mello January 2013 (has links)
Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-15T19:47:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 10c.pdf: 1390606 bytes, checksum: 0cefb8979af0c86335a065f83e661659 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-15T19:47:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 10c.pdf: 1390606 bytes, checksum: 0cefb8979af0c86335a065f83e661659 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Como pesquisa histórica que permeia o campo do político, este trabalho aborda a influência do ideário alemão conhecido como “ordoliberalismo”, uma teoria econômica incorporada pela Alemanha no pós-guerra que suscitou o que se denominou de “Milagre econômico alemão” na Guerra Fria. Essa proposição foi pensada pela Escola de Friburgo na qual um comitê científico elaborou uma teoria que possuísse características mais liberais e menos keynesianas, professando uma economia de mercado com intervenções estatais em certos setores. Essa teoria pode-se ver expressa nas obras do político Roberto Campos no início de sua carreira política e com certas ponderações ao final da mesma, na qual o intelectual passa por um processo de metamorfose em sua maneira de pensar o Brasil, transferindo e adaptando teorias econômicas e sociais inspiradas na Alemanha e também Estados Unidos para o Brasil, visto que foi diplomata. Suas teorias e adaptações podem ser vistas no governo JK e na Ditadura Militar de Castelo Branco, culminando em parte no Milagre Econômico do governo Médici, sempre pensando o Estado como provedor das garantias e liberdades civis, tal como expressa o ordoliberalismo. / This historical research pervades the politics field, this work discusses the influence of German ideology known as “ordoliberalism”, an economic theory built by Germany in postwar, and was responsible for the “German economic miracle” during the Cold War. This proposition was designed by the School of Freiburg, in which a scientific committee developed a theory that possess characteristics more liberal and less Keynesian, professing a market economy with state intervention in certain aspects. This theory can be seen in works of political Roberto Campos early in his political career, and certain weightings at the end of it, in which the intellectual undergoes a process of metamorphosis in thinking about Brazil, transferring and adapting theories economic and social well, inspired in Germany and the United States to Brazil, since he was a diplomat. His theories and adaptations can be seen in the JK government and military dictatorship of Castelo Branco, culminating in the Economic Miracle in the Medici government, always thinking in the state as a provider of guarantees and civil liberties, as expressed in the ordoliberalism.
113

Hedervärda kvinnor och vördnadsvärda män : Kön och trovärdighet i tre sennmedeltida svenska mirakelberättelser

Rüdeberg, Oscar January 2009 (has links)
<p>The purpose of this essay is to look upon the gender structure in Sweden, during the late Middle Ages. Mainly I focus on how the church viewed men and women, since the material of my research, the miracle stories of three saints, was found credible and was written down by churchmen. The saints, whose miracles I have studied, are Birgitta Birgersdotter and Katarina Ulfsdotter of Vadstena and Niklas Hermansson of Linköping. These miracles have earlier been studied by the historian Anders Fröjmark, who has noticed that there are fewer heeled women than men figuring in the miracles. Because of this, Fröjmark draws the conclusion that women were less able to leave their homes and travel as pilgrims to the holy sites of the saints. I, on the other hand, argue that the pilgrim journey was a religious act that both sexes could take equal part in. There are for example plenty of cases in the miracle stories were women have traveled for long distances alone, or with their cured children. The reasons why females are underrepresented could instead be that men seemed more reliable in the eyes of the churchmen. Another reason to the lower representation of women is that men, during the late middle ages, seem to have been far more likely to be the target of accidents and violent assaults.This research also shows that women, being regarded as less reliable, seldom were accepted as witnesses to the miracles. Nuns were however an exception and there is reason to believe that also widows were seen as more reliable than other women. Females who were present during a “birth miracle” were also allowed to witness.</p>
114

Hedervärda kvinnor och vördnadsvärda män : Kön och trovärdighet i tre sennmedeltida svenska mirakelberättelser

Rüdeberg, Oscar January 2009 (has links)
The purpose of this essay is to look upon the gender structure in Sweden, during the late Middle Ages. Mainly I focus on how the church viewed men and women, since the material of my research, the miracle stories of three saints, was found credible and was written down by churchmen. The saints, whose miracles I have studied, are Birgitta Birgersdotter and Katarina Ulfsdotter of Vadstena and Niklas Hermansson of Linköping. These miracles have earlier been studied by the historian Anders Fröjmark, who has noticed that there are fewer heeled women than men figuring in the miracles. Because of this, Fröjmark draws the conclusion that women were less able to leave their homes and travel as pilgrims to the holy sites of the saints. I, on the other hand, argue that the pilgrim journey was a religious act that both sexes could take equal part in. There are for example plenty of cases in the miracle stories were women have traveled for long distances alone, or with their cured children. The reasons why females are underrepresented could instead be that men seemed more reliable in the eyes of the churchmen. Another reason to the lower representation of women is that men, during the late middle ages, seem to have been far more likely to be the target of accidents and violent assaults.This research also shows that women, being regarded as less reliable, seldom were accepted as witnesses to the miracles. Nuns were however an exception and there is reason to believe that also widows were seen as more reliable than other women. Females who were present during a “birth miracle” were also allowed to witness.
115

CULTIVATING MIRACLE PERCEPTIONS: CULTIVATION THEORY AND MEDICAL DRAMAS

Record, Rachael A. 01 January 2011 (has links)
This thesis reports the results of a study designed to investigate the influence of exposure to televised medical dramas on perceptions of medical miracles. Four hundred and eighty-one college students participated in a survey in which they responded to different questions about their medical drama viewership and their different beliefs with regard to medical miracles. Results found that heavy medical drama viewers perceived belief in medical miracles to be less normal than non-viewers. Similarly, heavy viewers perceived medical miracles to occur less often than non-viewers. Interestingly, heavy viewers perceived medical dramas to be less credible than non-viewers. In addition, this study found that personal experience with medical miracles affected responses across all three measured viewership levels. The study concludes that, when compared to no exposure to medical dramas, heavy exposure has the potential for creating a more realistic view of medical miracles. Future research should continue to study genre-specific cultivation effects with regard to health perceptions.
116

La nativité et Le geu des trois roys two plays from manuscript 1131 of the Bibliothèque Sainte Geneviève, Paris ...

Whittredge, Ruth, January 1944 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Bryn Mawr College, 1938. / Vita.
117

RENOVAÇÃO CARISMÁTICA CATÓLICA: A CURA MILAGROSA COMO UM ESPAÇO CONVERGENTE ENTRE RELIGIÃO E MEDICINA / Catholic Charismatic Renewal: the miraculous healing as convergent space between Religion and Medicine.

Silva, Sélcio de Souza 09 February 2011 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:47:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SELCIO DE SOUZA SILVA.pdf: 6140283 bytes, checksum: a110c13fcac810bfbc31fb43930a7786 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-09 / Our purpose of study and corpus research is the Catholic Charismatic Renewal, a Pentecostal hustle, introduced in the Roman Catholic Christian religious institution. The objective in this work is to understand the action of the sacred in any miracle purpose, our goal is to analyze the concepts of miracle cure in the Catholic Charismatic Renewal presented by the faithful, from their narratives about how they its impacts on personal and social life of those who took part in the experience of the miraculous phenomena, that is, cancer cure. Charismatic Renewal, thus enabling an environment conducive to the pursuit of religious offering (occurrence of miracles) to the sacred, from feelings as belief and supernatural faith, but without leaving the conventional treatment. Reestablishing them physical, psychic and emotionally, giving them a purpose (nomia) to their existence. It will be developed through a field research, supported in the sociological discussion of religion that will enable us to identify each Catholic Charismatic Renewal, beyond the therapeutic function, element as convener (because of its paradoxical character), between Religion and Medicine, faith and science. In particular, it will be focused through this labor, to analyze and present the experience of the miracle with a group of 7 (seven) women Brazil. For this current analysis, it will be used, in our fieldwork, two investigative methods: participant observation and implementation of two research questionnaires (self-applicable). Therefore we realize that religion, mainly the Catholic Charismatic Renewal is a way to provide its followers to try religion or it may lead to the meeting cancer. In Catholic Charismatic Renewal, the miracle cure comes as a converging space between Religion and Medicine because these two realities in modern ages are prone to reconnect towards the solution of modern problems. This encounter provides changes in the psychological and social behavior, because they correspond, respectively, a change in the order of the conscious and unconscious and, hence a behavioral intrapersonal and interpersonal change. / O objeto de estudo deste trabalho é a Renovação Carismática Católica, movimento pentecostal, pertencente à instituição religiosa cristã católica romana. Buscar-se-á, nessa tese, compreender a ação do Sagrado nas eventuais curas milagrosas da RCC nos diversos exercícios espirituais praticados pelos seus adeptos. Para tal propósito, o objetivo é analisar as concepções da cura milagrosa na Renovação Carismática Católica apresentadas pelos seus fiéis, a partir de suas narrativas sobre como testem impactos na vida pessoal e social daqueles que participaram da experiência dos fenômenos milagrosos, isto é, a cura do câncer. A RCC, ao possibilitar um ambiente propício para a busca da oferta religiosa (ocorrência dos milagres) aos seus fiéis, faz com que alguns de seus adeptos experimentem a manifestação do Sagrado, a partir de sentimentos de crença e fé no sobrenatural, sem, todavia, abandonar o tratamento convencional. Restabelece-os, tanto física, psíquica e emocionalmente, dando-lhes sentido (nomia) à sua existência. Será desenvolvida uma pesquisa de campo, amparada na discussão sociológica da Religião que nos possibilitará identificar a RCC, além da função terapêutica, como elemento congregador (por conta de seu caráter paradoxal) entre religião e medicina, fé e ciência. De modo especial, buscar-se-á, neste trabalho, analisar e apresentar a experiência do milagre com um grupo de 07 (sete) mulheres que dizem terem sido curadas no Grupo de cidade de Goiânia, GO. Para análise, serão utilizados, neste trabalho de campo, dois métodos investigativos: observação participante e aplicação de dois questionários (auto-aplicáveis) de pesquisa. Percebe-se que a Religião, de modo específico, a RCC possibilita ao fiel a experiência religiosa ou o encontro do homo religiosus com o Sagrado dentro da trama humana da doença cancerígena. Na Renovação Carismática Católica, a cura milagrosa apresenta-se como um espaço convergente entre Religião e Medicina porque essas duas realidades na modernidade estão propensas a se re/aproximar em prol da solução dos problemas modernos. Esse encontro proporciona mudança nos comportamentos de ordem psicológica e sociológica porque corresponde, respectivamente, a uma mudança da ordem do consciente e do inconsciente e, consequentemente, a uma mudança comportamental intrapessoal e interpessoal.
118

MAGIA E MILAGRE: Duelos mágicos no Cristianismo Primitivo / MAGIC AND MIRACLE: Magic Duels in the early Christianity

ALMEIDA, ROBSON LUIZ DOMINGUES DE 21 September 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2018-03-20T16:13:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RobsonAlmeida.pdf: 950170 bytes, checksum: e52e90d091990a500d026e77e72d94ae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-20T16:13:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RobsonAlmeida.pdf: 950170 bytes, checksum: e52e90d091990a500d026e77e72d94ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This written work aims to addres the theme of Magic in the Mediterranean World at the period of Early Christianity. The Magic, wich, by its supernatural caracther, arouses interest and show the ways of relationship between human and sacred, at the same time that reveals several tensions and comprehensions about the popular religion´s practice. So, we construe the relationship between Magic and Miracle as so as the relationship of Magic and Religion. For this, we approach texts of Magic duels at canonical narratives, like Acts Of The Apostles 8. 4-25, that show common elements with the imagination of Early Christianity wich increase the tensions beteween Magicians and Apostles and enrich the presence and importance of the themeof Magic in the Mediterranean culture at the first centuries of the Christian Era. Especially in the face of this rivarly between thaumaturges, we can see the danger that Magic represented to the nascent Christianity and its identity in formation and the stratchs that the Magic bring for the teaching of the Apostles. So, after to broach the Magic elements at different narratives, we turn our attention to the Acts of Apostles, looking for the understanding of the importance of Luke´s narrative for the community of Early Christianity, especially in relation to the stricking and historical figure of Simon, The Magician. Simon was identified, historically, like the prototype heretic, Gnosticism´s father and Christianity´s corrupter, having borrowed his identity to represent all the way of corruptions of the apostolic teatching and ethical and moral deviations in the course of ecclesiastical history / Este trabalho tem como objetivo abordar o tema da magia no mundo mediterrâneo no período do Cristianismo Primitivo. A magia que, por seu caráter sobrenatural, desperta interesse e apresenta as formas de relação entre o humano e o sagrado, ao mesmo tempo em que revela diversas tensões e compreensões a respeito da prática da religiosidade popular. Deste modo, analisamos a relação entre magia e milagre e, também, sua relação com a religião. Para isso, abordamos textos de duelos mágicos tanto em narrativas canônicas, como Atos dos Apóstolos 8.4-25, quanto apócrifas, como Atos de Pedro, que apresentam elementos comuns ao imaginário cristão primitivo reforçando a tensão entre magos e apóstolos, e valorizando a presença e importância do tema na cultura do Mediterrâneo nos primeiros séculos da era cristã. Especialmente, diante dessa rivalidade entre taumaturgos, observamos o perigo que a magia representava em relação ao cristianismo nascente, para sua identidade em formação e o risco que esta oferecia para o ensino dos apóstolos. Assim, após abordar os elementos mágicos em diversas narrativas, voltamos nossa atenção ao texto canônico de Atos dos Apóstolos buscando compreender a importância da narrativa lucana para a comunidade do cristianismo nascente, especialmente em relação à figura marcante e histórica de Simão, o Mago. Simão, historicamente, foi identificado como o protótipo do herege, pai do gnosticismo e corruptor do cristianismo, tendo sua identidade “emprestada” para representar toda forma de corrupção dos ensinamentos apostólicos e desvios éticos e morais no decorrer da história eclesiástica.
119

Crise do capital e reordenamento político-econômico: o fim de Bretton Woods e o esgotamento do "milagre" brasileiro / Capital crisis and political-economic reorganization: the end of Bretton Woods and the exhaustion of the brazilian "miracle"

Batista, Francieli Martins [UNESP] 31 August 2018 (has links)
Submitted by FRANCIELI MARTINS BATISTA (franci_martins@hotmail.com) on 2018-10-01T13:16:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VF_francieli martins batista.pdf: 1619431 bytes, checksum: d385f7619ad6b0c65884b9880476fe25 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Satie Tagara (satie@marilia.unesp.br) on 2018-10-01T14:38:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 batista_fm_me_mar.pdf: 1619431 bytes, checksum: d385f7619ad6b0c65884b9880476fe25 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-01T14:38:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 batista_fm_me_mar.pdf: 1619431 bytes, checksum: d385f7619ad6b0c65884b9880476fe25 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a crise do “milagre” no Brasil e a relação estabelecida no contexto internacional marcada pela crise de Bretton Woods. O período discutido diz respeito à trajetória da ditadura militar brasileira, entre os anos 1964 e meados da década de 1980. Observamos que as transformações ocorridas a partir da ascensão dos militares ao poder representaram um ponto de inflexão na organização política e econômica do país. As relações entre Estado e sociedade se redefiniram e foram marcadas pelo aprofundamento da autocracia burguesa dado, a destituição da institucionalidade liberal-democrática. Nesse bojo, o projeto de desenvolvimento encetado neste momento esteve amparado sob uma significativa reestruturação do sistema financeiro do país voltada para a entrada de capitais externos e, sobretudo, por medidas que ensejavam facilitar a tomada de empréstimos no mercado internacional, evidenciando novas facetas do padrão de financiamento do Brasil. O arranjo econômico encetado, acomodava-se às vicissitudes da economia internacional uma vez que, a reprodução ampliada do capital deslocava-se, cada vez mais, para a esfera financeira. Esse processo resultou em um crescimento extraordinário do país alcançado no limiar dos anos de 1960, o chamado “milagre” econômico. Entendemos, deste modo, que o bloco histórico capitaneado pelo regime militar se deu em razão do capital monopolista, cuja a fração financeira assumiu a preponderância na reprodução capitalista no Brasil. O fenômeno delineado nos permite alcançar as razões que levaram à crise do “milagre” e o intrínseco vínculo com as transformações postas à nível internacional, sucedidas pela crise de Bretton Woods e o avanço da dominação do capital financeiro. Do mesmo modo, é possível observar a notável agudização da dependência do país, subordinado à lógica de acumulação financeira. / This dissertation aims to analyze the crisis of the "miracle" in Brazil and its established the relation in the international context marked by the Bretton Woods crisis. The period under discussion concerns the trajectory of the Brazilian military dictatorship between 1964 and the mid-1980s. We observed that the transformations that occurred from the rise of the military to power represented a turning point in the political and economic organization of the country. The relations between State and society were redefined and marked by the deepening of bourgeois autocracy given the destructionof liberal-democratic institutionality. In this context, the development project lauched at that moment was supported by a significant restructuring of the country's financial system aimed at the inflow of foreign capital and, above all, by measures that facilitated the lowans in the international market, showing evidences of new facets of Brazil’s finacing patterns. The economic arrangement initiated was getting accommodated to the international economy vicissitudes once the enlarged reproduction of the capital was being deslocated, more and more, to the financial sphere. This process resulted in an extraordinary growth for the country that was reached at the threshold of the 1960s, which was called and reffered to as an economic "miracle". We understand, thus, that the historical block captained by the military regime was due to monopoly capital, and its financial fraction became preponderant on the capitalist reproduction in Brazil. The outlined phenomenon allows us to reach the reasons that led to the crisis of the "miracle" and the intrinsic link with the transformations set at the international level, succeeded by the Bretton Woods crisis and the advance of the domination of financial capital. In the same way, it is possible to observe the remarkable sharpening of the country's dependence, subordinated to the logic of financial accumulation.
120

Um estudo do argumento do milagre na defesa do realismo científico / A study of the miracle argument in defense of scientific realism

Edna Alves de Souza 11 December 2014 (has links)
O objetivo principal desta tese é argumentar a favor da intuição básica do realismo científico, com o apoio de uma versão fortalecida e articulada do argumento do milagre. O realismo científico é uma concepção filosófica da ciência que assume uma atitude epistêmica otimista frente aos resultados da investigação científica que abrangem aspectos do mundo tanto observáveis como inobserváveis. Segundo o realismo científico, as entidades inobserváveis postuladas pelas teorias científicas bem-sucedidas têm existência real e essas teorias são verdadeiras ou aproximadamente verdadeiras. Essa atitude positiva é contestada por diversas perspectivas filosóficas conhecidas coletivamente como formas de antirrealismo científico (positivismo lógico, instrumentalismo, empirismo construtivo, historicismo, construtivismo social etc.). Procuramos analisar e rebater três importantes modalidades de argumentação antirrealista: a subdeterminação empírica das teorias, a indução pessimista e a circularidade viciosa da inferência da melhor explicação. Argumentamos que não obstante as diferenças que se mantêm entre as concepções realistas da ciência, o chamado argumento do milagre constitui uma peça central na defesa do realismo científico. Esse argumento se expressa na célebre formulação de Putnam (1975, p. 73), [...] o realismo científico é a única filosofia que não faz do sucesso da ciência um milagre. Para o realista científico, a ciência é bem-sucedida em explicar e prever fenômenos, inclusive novos, porque suas melhores teorias (maduras, não ad hoc, bem-sucedidas empírica e instrumentalmente, provedora de previsões novas, fecundas etc.) são (parcial ou aproximadamente) verdadeiras e as entidades inobserváveis postuladas por essas teorias realmente existem. Argumentamos também que outros esquemas de explicação para o êxito científico baseados em visões antirrealistas ou não-realistas da ciência são insatisfatórios. Examinamos diversas formas de fortalecer o argumento do milagre mediante as qualificações de novidade preditiva e fecundidade teórica, e concluímos que esse argumento continua sendo basilar e estratégico na defesa do realismo científico. / The main objective of this thesis is to argue in favor of the basic intuition of scientific realism, with the support of a strengthened and articulated version of the miracle argument. Scientific realism is a philosophical conception of science that takes an optimistic epistemic attitude towards the results of scientific research concerning both observable and unobservable aspects of the world. According to scientific realism, the unobservable entities postulated by successful scientific theories actually exist, and these theories are true or approximately true. This positive attitude is challenged by various philosophical perspectives known collectively as forms of scientific antirealism (logical positivism, instrumentalism, constructive empiricism, historicism, social constructivism, etc.). We analyze and rebut three important modalities of the antirealist argument: empirical underdetermination of theories, pessimistic induction, and the vicious circularity of inference to the best explanation. We argue that despite the differences that remain between the realist conceptions of science, the so-called miracle argument is a centerpiece in the defense of scientific realism. This argument is expressed in Putnams famous formulation (1975a, p. 73): [...] realism is the only philosophy that doesnt make the success of the science a miracle. For the scientific realist, science is successful in explaining and predicting phenomena, including new ones, because its best theories (mature, not ad hoc, successful empirically and instrumentally, providing new forecasts, fruitful, etc.) are (partially or approximately) true and the unobservable entities postulated by these theories really exist. We also argue that other schemes of explanation of scientific success, based on antirealist or non-realist views of science, are unsatisfactory. We examine various ways of strengthening the miracle argument based on the notions of predictive novelty and theoretical fruitfulness, and we conclude that this argument remains fundamental and strategic in the defense of scientific realism.

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