In this thesis, three fluid dynamical problems are studied. First in chapter 2 we investigate, via both theoretical and experimental methods, the swimming motion of a magnetotactic bacterium having the shape of a prolate spheroid in a viscous liquid under the influence of an imposed magnetic field. The emphasis of the study is placed on how the shape of the non-spherical magnetotactic bacterium, marked by the size of its eccentricity, affects the pattern of its swimming motion. It is revealed that the pattern/speed of a swimming spheroidal magnetotactic bacterium is highly sensitive not only to the direction of its magnetic moment but also to its shape. Secondly, an important unanswered mathematical question in the theory of rotating fluids has been the completeness of the inviscid eigenfunctions which are usually referred to as inertial waves or inertial modes. In chapter 3 we provide for the first time a mathematical proof for the completeness of the inertial modes in a rotating annular channel by establishing the completeness relation, or Parseval’s equality, for any piecewise continuous, differentiable velocity of an incompressible fluid. Thirdly, in chapter 4 we investigate, through both asymptotic analysis and direct numerical simulation, precessionally driven flow of a homogeneous fluid confined in a fluid-filled circular cylinder that rotates rapidly about its symmetry axis and precesses about a different axis that is fixed in space. A particular emphasis is placed on the spherical-like cylinder whose diameter is nearly the same as its length. An asymptotic analytical solution in closed form is derived in the mantle frame of reference for describing weakly precessing flow in the spherical-like cylinder at asymptotically small Ekman numbers. We also construct a three-dimensional finite element model, which is checked against the asymptotic solution, in attempting to elucidate the structure of the nonlinear flow.

Compressional and shear body waves generated by a seismic source can be analyzed using vertical seismic profiling (VSP) data-acquisition procedures. If a goal of exploration geophysics is to study the physics and exploration applications of shear waves, it is important to know how much S-wave energy a source puts into the earth. To maximize S-wave created by a source, considerable effort has been expended to create surface sources that apply horizontally directed impulses to the earth (horizontal vibrators and horizontal impacts). In my project, radial shear (SR) and transverse shear (ST) waves generated by different types of sources and recorded by multicomponent receivers in a VSP well are examined and compared. The research question is ‘can a vertical-impact source create shear wave energy equivalent to the S-wave energy produced by standard horizontal-force shear-wave sources?’ To quantify the energy of shear-wave modes produced by different kinds of seismic sources, a VSP field test program was conducted at the Devine Test Site owned by The University of Texas at Austin. In the VSP data acquisition phase, the orientation of horizontal geophones is unknown because a borehole geophone rotates as it is lowered into a well, causing the horizontal geophones at each receiver station to be oriented in different azimuths. To study body waves, it is essential that all geophones in a vertical VSP array be oriented in a consistent azimuth. I mathematically rotated multi-component VSP sensors systems to change them from the inconsistent orientation they had at the time of data recording to a user-defined consistent-azimuth coordinate system. This rotation allowed ST and SR wave modes to be identified. After geophone rotation, direct-S wavelet amplitudes were analyzed in 90-ms windows starting at the first-break times of each arriving mode. Analysis of the rotated data showed that SR energy created by a vertical-impact source, a shot-hole explosive, and an inclined-impact source differ only slightly, and that there is essentially no difference in ST energy among these sources. Also, the signal frequency of SR and ST wave modes produced by horizontal-force shear wave sources are essentially the same as the frequency of SR and ST wave modes generated by a vertical-impact source. These test data show that vertical and horizontal vibrator sources produce shear wave modes having amplitudes 1000 times stronger than the other energy sources we tested. Considering the cost of using inclined-impact sources which is relatively expensive compared to using a vertical-impact source, and the difficulty of applying inclined-impacts in some land conditions, it is possible to obtain direct-S data of the same quality by using only a vertical-impact source or a shot-hole explosive. The arguments given above demonstrate that it is not necessary to use inclined-impact sources or horizontal vibrators to produce shear-wave data. S-wave data of the same quality produced by a horizontal-force source are provided by simple vertical-impact sources and shot-hole explosives. / text

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Att bedriva internationell verksamhet är ett omtalat fenomen då vi idag handlar mer med andra delar av världen, lär oss fler nya språk och reser längre bort än förut. Internationalisering har blivit allt viktigare för tillväxten av företag och det ses som en ofrånkomlig överlevnadsstrategi som bidrar till värdefulla erfarenheter och användbart lärande. Företag anpassar sin verksamhet till internationella miljöer genom ett innovativt, proaktivt och ett risksökande beteende vilket sträcker sig utanför den egna nationens gränser. De senaste decennierna har inneburit att världen dramatiskt har förändrats och därigenom även det ekonomiska samhället. Den globala marknaden har ändrat synen på landsgränser och geografiska avstånd vilket har lett till att världen numera är mer integrerad. Förändringar har också skett genom den teknologiska revolution som pågått en längre tid. Revolutionen har medfört att företag mer effektivt kan använda information, kommunikation, tillverkning och transport i arbetet med att anpassa sina produkter till utländska marknader. De företag som är mest anpassningsbara på internationella marknader är små och medelstora företag (SMF). Genom sin flexibilitet är de skickliga på att hitta nya internationella affärsmöjligheter. Dessa SMFs är ofta fokuserade på nischmarknader med specifika produkter som därigenom skapar efterfrågan runt om i världen. För små och medelstora företag är den internationella marknaden oerhört viktig och i Sverige har en av fyra SMFs internationella aktiviteter. Vårt syfte med denna studie har varit att identifiera och förstå SMFs internationaliseringsbeteende genom att besvara frågan: Hur har internationaliseringsprocessen gått till för tillverkande små och medelstora företag? I vår slutsats kom vi fram till att båda fallföretagen internationaliserat sig genom export och att de sedan investerat i dotterbolag på utvalda marknader. Företagen har till största del gått utomlands genom proaktiva motiv i strävan mot en högre lönsamhet. Enligt vår mening gick det inte att enhetligt beskriva fallföretagens utlandsetablering genom någon av internationaliseringsmodellerna. Vi förklarar istället processen genom att sammanlänka delar av dessa teorier till olika aspekter i deras internationalisering. Något som visade sig vara relevant i vår undersökning var betydelsen av nätverk i verksamheten och att entreprenörens roll i företaget hade stor betydelse för internationaliseringsprocessens utseende. Anledningen till att internationaliseringen skett på olika sätt har till stor del berott på den kunskap och erfarenhet som entreprenören och företaget besuttit vid dess utlandsetablering.

I studien undersöktes schematerapeuters arbete med modes, vilket är ett begrepp som utvecklats för att klassificera dimensionella tillstånd av vår personlighet. Syftet var att få en djup bild av hur terapeuterna använder sig av modesmodellen samt hur de anser att den kommer patienten till nytta. Dessutom har studien syftat till att ta reda på hur terapeuterna använder sig av sina egna modes i terapirummet och vilka fallgropar det finns i modellen. En kvalitativ, semistrukturerad metod användes och fem certifierade schematerapeuter intervjuades. Datan är analyserad utifrån en tematisk analys med fyra teman, vilka är terapeutens användningsområde av modes, modellens funktionalitet för patienten, terapeutens modes och fallgropar. I resultatet rörande terapeutens användningsområde av modes framkom att terapeuterna arbetar med modes utifrån två huvudinriktningar. Dels använder de sig av modes som förståelsemodell för att få en tydlig bild av patienten och sig själva i terapin, samt att de integrerar patienten i arbetet kring modes. Vad gäller temat om modellens funktionalitet för patienten framkom två kategorier, nytt synsätt och struktur. Terapeuterna ansåg att patienterna lärde sig ett nytt synsätt och att modellen gav struktur. I underkategorierna framkom att patienterna fick en flerdimensionell syn på sig själva, att modellen erbjöd dem alternativ, dämpade deras inre kritiker och lärde dem att se när de blev ”kidnappade” av ett mode. Terapeuterna ansåg också att patienterna hade mycket lätt att ta till sig modesmodellen, att den kunde hjälpa patienter även med enklare problematik och att den kunde vara till hjälp för att patienterna skulle få tillgång till sin sårbara sida. Under temat schematerapeuters egna modes framkom två kategorier, hur de använder sig av sina egna modes och vilka av deras egna modes som kan påverka terapin negativt. Resultatet visade att terapeuter använder sina egna modes genom att analysera dem i terapisamtalet, att de använde sin egen sårbarhet för att skapa kontakt med patienten samt för att avgöra vilket mode patienten befann sig i. De modes som de kunde hamna i som var negativa för patienten var dysfunktionella copingmodes och dysfunktionella internaliserade föräldermodes. Temat fallgrop visade att det kan vara svårt att skilja modes ifrån varandra.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

As of 1 January 2008 Act No. 182/2006 on Bankruptcy and its Settlement (Insolvency Act) has become effective. This statute has completely reformed bankruptcy law in the Czech Republic including but not limited to by implementation of new legal institute of discharge of a debtor. Discharge of a debtor is designed to be a mode of solution of consumer's bankruptcy for non-business individuals and non-business legal entities. Being modeled by foreign legal forms this institute has acknowledged a relief from debts and hence new start for economic life of the subject. New form of solution of consumer's bankruptcy has proven its need of existence also by the fact that discharge of a debtor is by far the most frequent mode of bankruptcy solution in the Czech Republic. The aim of this thesis is to deal with entire issue of discharge of a debtor from filling bankruptcy petition through the very process of discharge to debts relief of a debtor. The thesis text itself is divided into six chapters. First chapter introduces the matter by traditional historical digression of the bankruptcy form in Czech territory, by clarification of the bankruptcy term itself and by provision of basic information on new Insolvency Act. The following chapter endeavors to express particular issues which are common to all modes of...

Les comportements dynamiques d’une famille de structures réticulées, c’est-à-dire constituées d’un réseau de poutres, sont étudiés à l’aide de la méthode d’homogénéisation des milieux périodiques discrets. Cette dernière permet de construire, de façon rigoureuse et en lien avec la microstructure, un milieu continu équivalent à l’échelle macroscopique lorsque la taille de la cellule de base est très petite par rapport à la longueur d’onde. Le domaine d’application de cetteméthode est également étendu à des fréquences plus élevées pour lesquelles les éléments de la cellule peuvent entrer en résonance en flexion. Cela se traduit à l’échelle macroscopique par des propriétés apparentes qui dépendent de la fréquence et par des bandes de fréquences interdites associées aux modes de flexion des éléments. Les structures considérées sont constituées par la répétition périodique de portiques non contreventés. Contrairement aux milieux massifs, ces structures présentent une déformabilité beaucoup plus grande en cisaillement qu’en tractioncompressionet leur cinématique locale est très riche. Ainsi, il est possible de générer une grande variété de comportements en jouant sur les ordres de grandeur des propriétés des éléments et celui de la fréquence. Cette approche permet de construire différents modèles de milieux continus (ou poutres) généralisé(e)s. Ce travail apporte un cadre d’analyse pour l’étude de milieux tels que les mousses, les matières végétales, les os. . . mais aussi pour concevoir de nouveaux matériaux avec des propriétés atypiques. Ici, les modèles de poutres généralisées servent à comprendre le fonctionnement des bâtiments. Dans ce cas, la difficulté réside dans la prise en compte du cisaillement dans les murs voiles. / The dynamic behaviours of a class of reticulated structures - that is to say made up of interconnected beams - are studied with the homogenization method of periodic discrete media. It enables to derive, rigorously and in relation with the microstructure, an equivalent continuous medium at the macroscopic scale when the cell size is much smaller than the wavelength. The scope of application of the method is also extended to higher frequencies for which cell elements can be in resonance for bending. Consequently, at the macroscopic scale, the effective properties can depend on the frequency and there are frequency band gaps associated with the bending modes of the elements. Studied structures are made up of the periodic repetition of unbraced frames. Contrary to massive media, those structures have a shear deformability muchhigher than traction-compression deformability and their local kinematics is very rich. Thus, it is possible to generate a large diversity of behaviours by changing the orders of magnitude of the element properties and of the frequency. This approach enables to build several generalized continuous media (or beams). This work brings a framework for the study of media such as foams, vegetable tissue, bones... but also for the design of new materials with atypical properties. Here, generalized beam models are used to understand the behaviour of buildings. In that case, the difficulty consists in taking into account the shear mechanism in the shear walls.

A presente dissertação se propôs refletir acerca da situação de vida dos moradores de rua da cidade de São Paulo. Da articulação entre aquilo que pode ser apreendido na experiência de observação participante em um Projeto da Prefeitura de São Paulo destinado a esta população, em conjunto com as teorias de Luis Cláudio Figueiredo, acerca das matrizes e dos modos de subjetivação modernos, procurou-se pistas que ajudassem a entender o quadro atestado pela última Pesquisa Censitária: contínuo aumento numérico da população em situação de rua. A composição de uma narrativa mnêmica foi o recurso adotado para recapitular situações vividas no interior do projeto e, também, no contato com os moradores de rua. O relato procurou resgatar algumas passagens marcantes desse contato direto, privilegiando aspectos que coincidiam diretamente com dificuldades enfrentadas pelo Projeto no cumprimento de seus objetivos. Paralelamente, procurou-se delinear a estrutura que embasa o Projeto. Para tanto, recuperamos a Política Nacional para Inclusão Social da Pessoa em situação de rua: documento princeps para o trabalho com esta população. A partir disso, estabelecemos a hipótese de que a manutenção da dramática situação do morador de rua estaria relacionada com uma insuficiência na formulação da questão que orienta os trabalhos direcionados aos mesmos. Esta hipótese nos levou a compreensão de que este tipo de problema (insuficiência da formulação de questões) é intrínseco a hegemonia daquilo que Frederic Munné denominou Paradigma da Simplicidade, que por sua vez, tal qual a Psicologia Científica, se constitui no interior da própria Modernidade. Assim, com a análise de um política pública direcionada a um problema social, objetivou-se lançar luz sobre algumas das lacunas possibilitadas pela própria estrutura da Modernidade, destacando o papel ao qual a Psicologia é convidada a ocupar para, a partir disso, exemplificar o modo pela qual a mesma deveria se pautar para contribuir com a superação do impasse ao qual perpassa nossa civilização / This dissertation proposed a reflection on the life situation of the homeless in São Paulo . The articulation between what can be learned in the experience of participant observation in a project of the Municipality of São Paulo for this population, together with theories of Luis Claudio Figueiredo, about mothers and modern modes of subjectivity, we tried to ski which helped to understand the picture certified by the last Census search : continuous numeric increase in population on the streets . The composition of a mnemic narrative feature was adopted to recap situations encountered within the project and also in contact with the homeless . The report sought to rescue some striking passages of this direct contact, emphasizing aspects that coincided directly with the difficulties faced by the project in meeting its objectives . In parallel , we attempted to delineate the structure that supports the project . To do so , we retrieve the National Policy for Social Inclusion of People on the street : princeps to work with this population document. From this, we establish the hypothesis that the maintenance of the plight of the homeless would be associated with a failure in the formulation of the question that guides the work directed to the same . This hypothesis led us to understand that this type of problem ( failure of formulating questions ) hegemony is intrinsic to what Frederic Munné called Paradigm of Simplicity , which in turn , just like the Scientific Psychology , constitutes the interior of Modernity itself . Thus , the analysis of a public policy directed to a social problem , aimed to shed light on some of the gaps made possible by the structure of modernity , highlighting the role to which psychology is invited to occupy , as appropriate, exemplify the so why the same should be guided to contribute to overcoming the impasse to which pervades our civilization

A hipótese aqui construída é que a partir da noção de gambiarra, pode-se entender a gambiarração como um modo do corpo operar dispositivos para a composição em dança. Deste modo, se faz relevante pensar acerca das práticas cotidianas, vistas em Michel de Certeau como produções poéticas que desencadeiam formulações acerca das relações imanentes à produção de gambiarras, assim como possibilitam perceber uma potência para a criação de procedimentos e ações voltados à composição artística. No âmbito das composições coreográficas, o método de Composição em Tempo Real, em desenvolvimento pelo coreógrafo português João Fiadeiro desde o início da década de 1990, e o Modo Operativo AND, estruturado pela antropóloga Fernanda Eugénio, foram os responsáveis por partilharem sentidos que compõem com o tema gambiarra, contribuindo para a pesquisa em seu desdobramento teórico-prático. Assim, a noção de gambiarração surge como um estado-ação do e no corpo, percepções que são também modos de fazer ou de ser que operam à semelhança das gambiarras, a partir do improviso, da capacidade de agenciar ações em tempo real, de lidar com acidentes, com a instabilidade e precariedade e com a suficiência daquilo que há em determinada circunstância compositiva. Identificamos no pensamento de Baruch Spinoza e Gilles Deleuze (e Félix Guattari) modos de perceber afetos, corpo, experiência e composição, que fortalecem essa proposição artística. / The hypothesis here constructed is that from the notion of gambiarra, gambiarração can be understood as a way for the body to operate devices for dance composition. In this way, it becomes relevant to think about the daily practices, seen in Michel de Certeau as poetic productions that trigger formulations about the immanent relations to the production of gambiarras, as well as make possible to perceive a power for the creation of procedures and actions directed to the artistic composition. Within the framework of choreographic compositions, the Real Time Composition method, developed by the portuguese choreographer João Fiadeiro since the beginning of the 1990s, and the AND Operational Mode, structured by the anthropologist Fernanda Eugénio, were responsible for sharing senses that compose with The subject gambiarra, contributing to the research in its theoretical-practical unfolding. Thus, the notion of gambiarração appears as a state of action of and in the body, perceptions that are also ways of doing or of being that operate in the likeness of gambiarras, from the improvisation, the ability to act actions in real time, to deal With accidents, with instability and precariousness and with the sufficiency of what there is in a certain compositional circumstance. We have identified in the thinking of Baruch Spinoza and Gilles Deleuze (and Félix Guattari) ways of perceiving affection, body, experience and composition, which strengthen this artistic proposition.