In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein Modell zur stationären und dynamischen Simulation einer chemischen Absorptionsgaswäsche zur Abtrennung von CO2 entwickelt und in Matlab implementiert. Die Literaturrecherche zeigt, dass für die Teilmodelle der Kolonnen in diesem Kontext eindimensionale Modelle mit kinetischem Massentransport unter Berücksichtigung des Einflusses der chemischen Reaktionen durch einen Enhancement-Faktor besonders ge- eignet sind. Zusätzlich wird ein rigoroses Modell für die Hydraulik der Kolonnen berücksichtigt. Um auch in zukünftigen Arbeiten flexible Untersuchungen zur Modularisierung chemischer Absorptionsgaswäschen zu ermöglichen, findet ein objektorientierter Programmieransatz auf Basis der Flowsheet-Konzepts Anwendung. Die Validierung der Teilmodelle für Ab- und Desorber erfolgt anhand experimenteller Messdaten aus der Literatur. Die Ergebnisse der Variationsbetrachtungen am Absorberteilmodell stellen eine veränderte Festlegungsmethode der Waschmittelstrommenge bzw. eine alternative Auslegung entsprechender Kolonnen im Kontext der Modularsierung von Gaswäscheprozessen zur Diskussion.:Formelzeichen 5 Indizes 7 Abkürzungen 8 1. Motivation 10 2. Stand der Technik 13 2.1. Einsatzgebiete von Systemen zur Abscheidung von Kohlenstoffdioxid 13 2.1.1. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) 13 2.1.2. Aufwertung von Biogas 14 2.2. Aufbau und Wirkungsweise der Absorptionsgaswäsche mit chemischem Anteil 14 2.2.1. Prozessschema einer Absorptionsgaswäsche mit chemischem Anteil 14 2.2.2. Aufbau und Wirkungsweise einer Packungskolonne 15 2.2.3. Aufbau und Wirkungsweise von Waschmitteln 18 2.3. Modellierung von Absorptionsgaswäschen 20 2.3.1. Einteilung der Modelle für chemische Absorptionskolonnen 20 2.3.2. Modelle für die chemische Absorptionskolonne in der Literatur 21 2.3.3. Pilotanlagen und Messdaten 23 2.4. Modularisierung einer Absorptionsgaswäsche 24 2.4.1. Modularisierung verfahrenstechnischer Anlagen - Die 50 %-Idee 24 2.4.2. Modularisierung von Gaswäschern - Analyse der Ergebnisse von Ohle, Obst, Mollekopf und Urbas (2014) 24 2.5. Ableitung der Zielstellung für diese Arbeit 26 3. Modellierung 27 3.1. Allgemeine Grundlagen 27 3.1.1. Bilanzgleichungen und Modellgleichungen 27 3.1.2. Örtliche Diskretisierungsverfahren 28 3.1.3. Zeitliche Diskretisierung 30 3.1.4. Differential-Algebraische Gleichungssysteme 30 3.2. Stoffdatenmodelle 31 3.2.1. Stoffdatenanbindung via CAPE-OPEN 31 3.2.2. Phasengleichgewicht 32 3.2.3. Stoffdatenmodell der Gasphase 35 3.2.4. Stoffdatenmodell der Flüssigphase 35 33.3. Absorptions- und Desorptionskolonne 42 3.3.1. Aufstellen und Diskretisieren der Modellgleichungen 42 3.3.2. Hydraulischer Arbeitsbereich 45 3.3.3. Stofftransport 47 3.3.4. Wärmetransport 50 3.3.5. Zusammenfassung der Annahmen 50 3.4. Wärmeübertrager 51 3.4.1. Reboiler und Kondensator 52 4. Implementierung 54 4.1. Randbedingungen 54 4.2. Implementierung und Arbeitsweise der Simulatorbestandteile 55 4.2.1. PropertyPackages 55 4.2.2. Flows 58 4.2.3. Units 59 4.2.4. FlowSheet 63 4.2.5. Simulator 64 4.2.6. Postprocessor 68 5. Ergebnisse 71 5.1. Stationäre und dynamische Validierung 71 5.1.1. Validierung des Absorbers 72 5.1.2. Validierung des Desorbers 75 5.2. Variation des Absorberdurchmessers 79 6. Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 85 A. Anhang 96 A.1. Ergänzende Angaben zum Stoffdatenmodell 96 A.1.1. Ergänzungen zum Stoffdatenmodell der gasförmigen Phase 96 A.1.2. Ergänzungen zum Stoffdatenmodell der flüssigen Phase 97 A.2. Koeffizienten des hydraulischen Modells nach Billet und Schultes 100 / In this work a model for stationary and dynamic simulation of a chemical gas scrubber is developed and implemented in Matlab. In an extensive literature study the rate-based approach under consideration of an enhancement factor was identified as best fitting choice for the column component models. Additionally a rigoros model accounts for hydraulics in the columns. To allow flexible research in this and future work a object-oriented programming approach based on the flowsheeting concept is used. Absorber and desorber part are validated against experimental data from literature. The modularization of absorber part is investigated in a variation review. The results put up discussion about an alternate determination method for solvent flow and different dimensioning schemes of gas scrubbers in this context.:Formelzeichen 5 Indizes 7 Abkürzungen 8 1. Motivation 10 2. Stand der Technik 13 2.1. Einsatzgebiete von Systemen zur Abscheidung von Kohlenstoffdioxid 13 2.1.1. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) 13 2.1.2. Aufwertung von Biogas 14 2.2. Aufbau und Wirkungsweise der Absorptionsgaswäsche mit chemischem Anteil 14 2.2.1. Prozessschema einer Absorptionsgaswäsche mit chemischem Anteil 14 2.2.2. Aufbau und Wirkungsweise einer Packungskolonne 15 2.2.3. Aufbau und Wirkungsweise von Waschmitteln 18 2.3. Modellierung von Absorptionsgaswäschen 20 2.3.1. Einteilung der Modelle für chemische Absorptionskolonnen 20 2.3.2. Modelle für die chemische Absorptionskolonne in der Literatur 21 2.3.3. Pilotanlagen und Messdaten 23 2.4. Modularisierung einer Absorptionsgaswäsche 24 2.4.1. Modularisierung verfahrenstechnischer Anlagen - Die 50 %-Idee 24 2.4.2. Modularisierung von Gaswäschern - Analyse der Ergebnisse von Ohle, Obst, Mollekopf und Urbas (2014) 24 2.5. Ableitung der Zielstellung für diese Arbeit 26 3. Modellierung 27 3.1. Allgemeine Grundlagen 27 3.1.1. Bilanzgleichungen und Modellgleichungen 27 3.1.2. Örtliche Diskretisierungsverfahren 28 3.1.3. Zeitliche Diskretisierung 30 3.1.4. Differential-Algebraische Gleichungssysteme 30 3.2. Stoffdatenmodelle 31 3.2.1. Stoffdatenanbindung via CAPE-OPEN 31 3.2.2. Phasengleichgewicht 32 3.2.3. Stoffdatenmodell der Gasphase 35 3.2.4. Stoffdatenmodell der Flüssigphase 35 33.3. Absorptions- und Desorptionskolonne 42 3.3.1. Aufstellen und Diskretisieren der Modellgleichungen 42 3.3.2. Hydraulischer Arbeitsbereich 45 3.3.3. Stofftransport 47 3.3.4. Wärmetransport 50 3.3.5. Zusammenfassung der Annahmen 50 3.4. Wärmeübertrager 51 3.4.1. Reboiler und Kondensator 52 4. Implementierung 54 4.1. Randbedingungen 54 4.2. Implementierung und Arbeitsweise der Simulatorbestandteile 55 4.2.1. PropertyPackages 55 4.2.2. Flows 58 4.2.3. Units 59 4.2.4. FlowSheet 63 4.2.5. Simulator 64 4.2.6. Postprocessor 68 5. Ergebnisse 71 5.1. Stationäre und dynamische Validierung 71 5.1.1. Validierung des Absorbers 72 5.1.2. Validierung des Desorbers 75 5.2. Variation des Absorberdurchmessers 79 6. Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 85 A. Anhang 96 A.1. Ergänzende Angaben zum Stoffdatenmodell 96 A.1.1. Ergänzungen zum Stoffdatenmodell der gasförmigen Phase 96 A.1.2. Ergänzungen zum Stoffdatenmodell der flüssigen Phase 97 A.2. Koeffizienten des hydraulischen Modells nach Billet und Schultes 100

The Urban Freight Transportation System faces many uncertainties and challenges in its future development. In the discussion regarding how to mitigate the challenges, the implementation of Urban Hubs is often brought up. However, most of the literature that exists within the field focuses on the logistic system as a whole, rather than the actual hubs specifically. The research gap regarding how Urban Hubs should be designed in order to be efficient with regards to multiple future scenarios, but also easy to adapt once so is needed, has been targeted throughout this study. The importance of robustness and adaptiveness has been underlined, and these concepts have in turn been linked to modularization, and the use of future scenario frameworks, respectively. This study has resulted in a proposed framework for constructing robust Urban Hubs, which was obtained by adapting a modularization framework, and integrating a future scenario framework for Urban Freight Transportation. The proposed framework has an extensive evaluation process, incorporating both Customer Values and future scenarios in the metrics, thus shedding extra light on this part of the construction process. The proposed framework was also tested in the study, through constructing and evaluating four different hub configurations, spanning from small to large, in order to determine which hub that performed best in the largest number of scenarios. The evaluation results could in turn contribute with indications as to what characterizes such a Hub configuration. In order to be able to construct the proposed framework, an understanding of Urban Hubs' layouts, functionalities included, and flow of goods, had to be obtained. This was done through conducting interviews with relevant stakeholders connected to Swedish Urban Hubs. Through the interviews, similarities and differences between Swedish Urban Hubs could be identified, thereby describing how the Swedish Urban Hub landscape looks today. Since the literature describing Urban Hubs is scarce, the study thus contributes towards filling that research gap as well. / Hållbara urbana godstransportssystem står inför många osäkerheter och utmaningar under sin fortsatta utveckling. I diskussionen kring hur dessa utmaningar ska kunna mildras, nämns ofta implementationen av Urbana Hubbar. Den existerande litteraturen inom området fokuserar dock mest på hela logistiksystemet, snarare än de Urbana Hubbarna specifikt. Avsaknaden inom forskningen vad gäller hur Urbana Hubbar bör bli designade i syfte att både vara robusta med avseende på flera olika framtidsscenarion och samtidigt även lätt kunna anpassas när så krävs, är vad denna studie har syftat till att undersöka. Vikten av både robusthet och möjligheten att anpassa sig har blivit underbyggd i studien, och koncepten har i sin tur kopplats till modularisering, respektive användandet av ramverk för framtidsscenarion. Studien resulterade i ett föreslaget ramverk för att konstruera robusta Urbana Hubbar, vilket erhölls genom att anpassa ett modulariseringsramverk, och integrera det tillsammans med ett ramverk för framtidsscenarion inom Urbana Godstransporter. Det föreslagna ramverket innefattar en omfattande evalueringsprocess, som både har integrerat Kundvärden och scenariospecifika parametrar i sina mått, och därmed tydligt visar på vikten av denna del under konstruktionsprocessen.  Det föreslagna ramverket testades dessutom i studien, genom att kontruera och utvärdera fyra olika hubbkonfigurationer, som tillsammans spände upp en rymd från mindre konfigurationer till större, mer komplexa varianter. Detta för att kunna fastställa vilken av dem som presterade bäst i flest scenarion. Resultaten från utvärderingen kunde i sin tur bidra med indikationer på vad som karaktäriserar en sådan hubbkonfiguration. För att kunna konstruera det föreslagna ramverket, krävdes djup förståelse för Urbana Hubbars layout, vilka funktionaliteter de innefattar, samt hur processflödet inuti hubbarna går till. Detta erhölls genom intervjuer med relevanta aktörer som var kopplade till svenska Urbana Hubbar. Genom intervjuerna kunde likheter och skillnader mellan svenska Urbana Hubbar identifieras, och från det kunde en kartläggning över svenska Urbana Hubbar göras. Eftersom litteraturen som beskriver Urbana Hubbar är knapp, bidrar studien dämred även till att fylla det forskningsgapet inom området.

Syftet med studien var att studera fördelar samt utmaningar med att använda sig av modularisering. Vidare var syftet att undersöka hur kundens önskemål tas i beaktning vid produktutvecklingsprocessen för modulära produkter. Studien avgränsades till att undersöka ett svenskt teknikintensivt företag vars huvudsakliga produkterbjudande är lastbilar och bussar. En litteraturstudie genomfördes och låg till grund för resten av rapporten. Dessutom är rapporten baserad på en kvalitativ empirisk studie bestående av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Samtliga respondenter har goda kunskaper om modularisering och arbetar på olika avdelningar hos det studerade företaget. Studien visar många fördelar och utmaningar med att ha en modulär produktarkitektur. En av de främsta fördelarna är en stor slutproduktsvariantbildning vilket möjliggör skapande av högst kundanpassade produkter. Produktarkitekturen skapar tillfredsställda kunder som är- villiga att betala ett högre pris. Inom produktion leder den modulära produktarkitekturen till ett effektivare arbete samt kortare ledtider. Produkterna tillverkas efter order vilket minskar lagernivåerna samt logistikkostnaderna. Vid produktutveckling är det av stor betydelse att förhålla sig till befintliga gränssnitt och formfaktorer vilket gör att det krävs mer tankeverksamhet samt att kompromisser ibland behöver göras. Det är ett komplext system i många aspekter vilket ökar behovet av en stark företagskultur och en stabil IT-infrastruktur. / This report aims to study the benefits and challenges of using modularization. The purpose was also to investigate how customer requirements are taken into account in the product development process for modular products. The study was limited to examining a Swedish technology-intensive company whose main product offerings are trucks and buses. A literature review served as the basis for the rest of the report. In addition, the report is based on a qualitative empirical study consisting of semi-structured interviews. All respondents have good knowledge of modularization and work in different departments at the studied company. The study demonstrated many advantages and challenges of having a modular product architecture. One of the primary benefits was a large number of possible end product variations, which allows for highly customized products. Thus, the product architecture enables satisfied customers, making them willing to pay a higher price. In production, the modular product architecture leads to more efficient work and shorter lead times. Products are manufactured by make-to-order, reducing inventory levels and logistics costs. In product development, it is crucial to adhere to existing interfaces and form factors, which requires more thoughtful consideration and sometimes compromises. It is a complex system in many aspects, increasing the need for a strong corporate culture and a stable IT-infrastructure.

<p>Developed countries have built wealth and prosperity on the strength of their manufacturing sectors, with China’s success story of lifting 800 million people out of extreme poverty in 30 years a sterling and most recent example of how manufacturing-led industrialization can foster economic development. Sub-Saharan Africa, unfortunately, find itself today in a similar situation as China did in 1990, with over 50% of the world’s desperately poor 719 million people living in the region. But unlike China, Sub-Saharan Africa is faced with the additional challenge of overcoming poverty in a world with stricter constraints to global trade and climate change limitations to modern-day industrialization. Compounding the challenges further is the region's limited know-how and human capital — a consequence of years of underdevelopment, creating a classic chicken and egg dilemma where the lack of industrialization perpetuates the dearth of know-how and human capital, and vice versa.</p><p>Considering these challenges, we investigate how chemical manufacturing and what chemical manufacturing approaches can be leveraged to effectively drive industrialization and economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa. We propose chemicals manufacturing using prefabricated modules – which are constructed offsite in places with available human capital and transported to be assembled in places where they are needed – as a flexible and needed approach. However, Economy of Scale, which generally favors large-scale chemical manufacturing, poses as a major constraint to such modularization approach, especially given the presently small serviceable market sizes in Sub-Saharan Africa due to low purchasing power parity. We thus utilize mathematical modeling techniques to determine and establish scenarios for economic viability of the proposed approach, providing modeling frameworks and introducing measures for further studies in the process. We also provide and analyze exemplary flowsheets synthesized for a net-zero carbon emissions chemical manufacturing paradigm in the region.</p><p>This work concludes with a prefeasibility study of a chemical manufacturing project in Nigeria, as part of the author’s quest to build prefabricated modular plants across Africa. <i>Modular plants are attractive as they can be tuned to market demand of a developing market and region that needs them, putting less capital at risk.</i></p><p>This thesis is intended to be a vanguard of potential solutions to the complex challenges to industrialization in Sub-Saharan Africa. It endeavors to pave the way for addressing these issues through chemical manufacturing, offering valuable insights for sustainable progress.</p>

This thesis covers a product development process carried out at the company “Asclepion Laser Technologies” for a product family of aesthetic medical laser devices. Due to different dimensions and dates of origin, an obvious divergence in the appearance of the present products within the product family had emerged in the company. Since the recognition value of a brand is greatly influenced by its product design the company aspired the development of a uniform design for the whole product family.   For this purpose, the objective of this thesis was the development of a new housing design. A modular design was pursued, to make it applicable for different devices of the same product family. Building multiple devices from the same housing modules reduces the overall production costs by decreasing tooling costs and decreasing the diversity of parts from suppliers. With the use of thermoforming as the predetermined production method, the production costs are kept low in addition.   During the master thesis project, the whole product development process was executed. The present thesis describes the development process in its four different phases, beginning with the pre-studies over ideation, concept development till the development of a final product ready for production. The implementation of suitable methods and tools in this design process, like observational studies and morphological idea generation, is outlined.   In collaboration with a thermoform specialist a CAD-model, ready for production, was delivered. After a revision of the developed product design by a commercial design company the design has been immediately transferred into serial production. / Denna uppsats beskriver den produktutvecklingsprocess som genomförts i samarbete med “Asclepion Laser Technologies” i syfte att ta fram ett gemensamt formspråk för en produktfamilj av medicinska lasrar. Eftersom att dessa produkter varierar i storlek såväl som utvecklingsår fanns stora skillnader i deras respektive formspråk. Eftersom att formspråk och design är viktiga för varumärkets identitet så eftersträvade företaget att införa ett gemensamt formspråk för sina produkter.   Examensarbetets syfte var sålunda att ta fram en design för nya kåpor. För att göra designen applicerbar över hela produktfamiljen så eftersträvades ett modulärt system. Genom att nyttja samma kåpor till flera produkter kan dessutom produktionskostnad, verktygskostnad och antal underleverantörer sänkas. Varmforming som preliminär tillverkningsmetod bidrar även det till en låg produktionskostnad.   Arbetet omfattade hela produktutvecklingsprocessen i fyra steg, med förstudie, idégenerering, konceptutveckling och produktionsklart koncept. Användandet av metoder och verktyg för utvecklingsprocessen, såsom observationsstudier morfologisk idégenerering, beskrivs övergripande.   I samarbete med en varmformningsspecialist levererades en produktionsklar CAD-modell. Efter att ha reviderats av ett kommersiellt designföretag har den framtagna designen satts i serieproduktion.

Modularity has the possibility to fulfil a wide range of customer requirements by using relatively few input components. The benefits of modularization from an engineering perspective have been confirmed repeatedly by multiple researchers, but less attention has been drawn to the question of how to effectively price the large number of variants of top-level configurations. In terms of pricing, a common approach is to add a contribution margin to the production cost, but there are problems associated with this method. In general, there should be possibilities to: i) base price on value, not cost (i.e., price structure); ii) ensure consistency in pricing between configurations (i.e., pricing policy); and iii) maintain the prices over time (i.e., price maintenance). Contribution margin on production cost approach does not effectively fulfill these three criteria. This thesis aims to contribute to filling this research gap by introducing the concept of module-based pricing: a top-level configuration’s list price should be the sum of the prices of its modules. The model, MBPN, developed in this thesis minimizes the difference in the outcome of any existing and a new, modular based model as a neutral starting point. The model uses applied least squares method with an option to set variable limits on the module prices to achieve e.g., value-based module pricing. The results present a case of a successful transition from a contribution margin on production cost approach to module-based pricing for a configurable product. / Modularisering har möjligheten att uppfylla ett stort antal kundkrav med utgångspunkt i relativt få komponentvariationer. De ingenjörsmässiga fördelarna med detta tillvägagångssätt har bekräftats upprepade gånger i olika studier, men mindre uppmärksamhet har riktats mot hur man effektivt kan prissätta de olika varianter av konfigureringar som uppkommer med modulariseringsstrategier. Gällande prissättning av konfigurerade produkter är det vanligt att använda en bidragsmarginal på produktionskostnaden, men det finns problem associerade med denna metod. Generellt bör det finnasmöjligheter att: i) basera pris på värde, inte kostnad (dvs. prisstruktur); ii) säkerställa enhetlighet i prissättningen mellan konfigurationer (dvs. prissättningspolicy); och iii) upprätthålla priserna över tid (dvs. prisunderhåll). Bidragsmarginal på produktionskostnaden uppfyller inte dessa tre kriterier. Detta examensarbete introducerar därför konceptet modulbaserad prissättning: konfigureringens listpris utgörs av summan av dess modulers priser. Modellen, MBPN, utvecklad i detta examensarbete minimerar skillnaden i utfallet av en befintlig och en ny, modulbaserad modell som en neutral utgångspunkt. Modellen är en tillämpad minsta kvadratmetod med möjligheter att applicera variabelgränser för att uppnå t.ex. värdebaserad modulprissättning. Resultatet visar på en framgångsrik övergång från en prissättningsmodell baserad på bidragsmarginal på produktionskostnad till modulbaserad prissättning för en konfigurerbar produkt.

No description available.

<p>Changes in sectors and industries have brought new challenges to corporations as well as been important driving forces for the dynamics in strategy at the corporate level. With the dramatic developments of the 1990’s in mind, such as multilateral free-trade agreements, liberalization, privatization, sharp industry growth/decline, increased competition and globalization, in particular within the telecom and the construction industry, this study contributes to describing and understanding strategic change at the corporate level as well as changes in the division of work within value chains. Strategy is defined as intentions, decisions and actions that relate to bundling and unbundling at different strategic levels, aiming to establish and reestablish a value chain position. Thus, outsourcing, M&As, modularization and systems development and sales are important strategic components which are examined from a value chain perspective. From a value chain perspective, the purpose of this study is to describe and understand strategic change at the corporate level in the telecom and construction industries during the 1990’s. More specifically this study shall contribute to describing and understanding (i) the dynamics of and between M&As, outsourcing, modularization and systemization, as well as (ii) industrial and financial drivers to strategic change.</p><p>The conclusions describe strategic change from a value chain perspective using three descriptive patterns, including an increasing degree of specialization and need for interorganizational coordination across the value chain. In addition, outsourcing and modularization of systems and an increased scope of offering through systemization and BOT-projects, result in the fact that due to M&As the horizontal boundary of the firm sometimes goes beyond the industry scope while the vertical scope is often narrowed through outsourcing. The conclusions also focus on understanding the content of strategic change, that is to say the dynamics of and between mergers and acquisitions, outsourcing, modularization and system sales. These findings are summarized in nine explanatory patterns. These patterns show that the strategic decisions of bundling and unbundling at the corporate and functional level through mergers and acquisitions, outsourcing, systemization and modularization are guided by an industrial as well as a financial logic. By considering the descriptive and explanatory patterns found this study, the conclusions also include what to expect during the next decade with regard to corporate strategy from a value chain perspective in five predictive patterns.</p>

Changes in sectors and industries have brought new challenges to corporations as well as been important driving forces for the dynamics in strategy at the corporate level. With the dramatic developments of the 1990’s in mind, such as multilateral free-trade agreements, liberalization, privatization, sharp industry growth/decline, increased competition and globalization, in particular within the telecom and the construction industry, this study contributes to describing and understanding strategic change at the corporate level as well as changes in the division of work within value chains. Strategy is defined as intentions, decisions and actions that relate to bundling and unbundling at different strategic levels, aiming to establish and reestablish a value chain position. Thus, outsourcing, M&amp;As, modularization and systems development and sales are important strategic components which are examined from a value chain perspective. From a value chain perspective, the purpose of this study is to describe and understand strategic change at the corporate level in the telecom and construction industries during the 1990’s. More specifically this study shall contribute to describing and understanding (i) the dynamics of and between M&amp;As, outsourcing, modularization and systemization, as well as (ii) industrial and financial drivers to strategic change. The conclusions describe strategic change from a value chain perspective using three descriptive patterns, including an increasing degree of specialization and need for interorganizational coordination across the value chain. In addition, outsourcing and modularization of systems and an increased scope of offering through systemization and BOT-projects, result in the fact that due to M&amp;As the horizontal boundary of the firm sometimes goes beyond the industry scope while the vertical scope is often narrowed through outsourcing. The conclusions also focus on understanding the content of strategic change, that is to say the dynamics of and between mergers and acquisitions, outsourcing, modularization and system sales. These findings are summarized in nine explanatory patterns. These patterns show that the strategic decisions of bundling and unbundling at the corporate and functional level through mergers and acquisitions, outsourcing, systemization and modularization are guided by an industrial as well as a financial logic. By considering the descriptive and explanatory patterns found this study, the conclusions also include what to expect during the next decade with regard to corporate strategy from a value chain perspective in five predictive patterns.

Im Kontext von In-Memory-Datenbanksystemen nehmen leichtgewichtige Kompressionsalgorithmen eine entscheidende Rolle ein, um eine effiziente Speicherung und Verarbeitung großer Datenmengen im Hauptspeicher zu realisieren. Verglichen mit klassischen Komprimierungstechniken wie z.B. Huffman erzielen leichtgewichtige Kompressionsalgorithmen vergleichbare Kompressionsraten aufgrund der Einbeziehung von Kontextwissen und erlauben eine schnellere Kompression und Dekompression. Die Vielfalt der leichtgewichtigen Kompressionsalgorithmen hat in den letzten Jahren zugenommen, da ein großes Optimierungspotential über die Einbeziehung des Kontextwissens besteht. Um diese Vielfalt zu bewältigen haben wir uns mit der Modularisierung von leichtgewichtigen Kompressionsalgorithmen beschäftigt und ein allgemeines Kompressionsschema entwickelt. Durch den Austausch einzelner Module oder auch nur eingehender Parameter lassen sich verschiedene Algorithmen einfach realisieren.