In South Africa, democracy has brought transformative improvement in the system of governance. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (1996) implemented in the post-apartheid era, has raised the status of the lowest sphere of government, by granting these authorities delegated responsibilities. This sphere of governance is known as local government (municipal government) and in the present context developmental local government is both democratically elected and decentralized. The restructuring of local governance requires municipalities to serve the communities within their areas of jurisdiction. This has brought capacity challenges for the municipalities. They are charged with delivering acceptable standards of services to the residents. The current lack of deliverance is evident in the widespread protests, with community members showing their dissatisfaction with sub-standard service delivery and backlogs. Furthermore, municipalities are required to formulate their own by-laws improve the lives of community members, and to implement their legislative mandates satisfactorily. In order for the municipalities to perform more effectively, a transformative model is necessary. The quality of services currently delivered at municipal level must be reviewed. Monitoring and evaluation are the key elements of assessment which must be undertaken. The rationale behind this monitoring and evaluation is to make the system of governance more effective through an even-handed assessment of policies, programmes, projects, strategies, performance of personnel, and the organization as a whole. For the purpose of this study, the researcher explored the challenges regarding monitoring and evaluation and its impact on sustainable development in Sedibeng District Municipality utilizing the quantitative research approach. A model is proposed for improvement called as Monitoring and Evaluation for Sustainable Development (MESD). / PhD (Public Management and Governance), North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2014

Master of Public Health / Department of Human Nutrition / Sandra B. Procter / HIV/AIDS is one of the most devastating health concerns of the developing world, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). To address individual food insecurity and malnutrition, numerous small-scale nutrition and agriculture interventions have been implemented. This study compared the CTC Community Garden Project in Maai Mahiu, Kenya (n=15) and the HelpMercy Nutrition and Food Security Project (seed distribution) in Macha, Zambia (n=64), after one year. Study objectives included assessing food security in Maai Mahiu, determining beneficiaries' perceived usefulness of the interventions, comparing and evaluating the interventions, determining the importance of education in the interventions, and making recommendations for improvement. A survey in Maai Mahiu used a modified FAST tool to determine food security for beneficiaries (n=15) and non-participants (n=50). The majority of respondents were determined food insecure (without hunger), indicating a need for improved access to food/land. To determine outcomes and make comparisons, intervention outcome and beneficiary 'perceived usefulness' were measured using two verbally administered surveys, two focus groups, and two interviews with translation. Qualitative and quantitative results demonstrated differences between beneficiary perceptions of the interventions. No association was observed between perceived usefulness of the two studies (χ2). A backward elimination logistic regression model of the HelpMercy intervention showed that attendance at community-based nutrition and agriculture education sessions (CBES), household size, and number of seed types planted were predictors of perceived usefulness. Households who attended at least one CBES were more likely to perceive the intervention as useful (χ2 for trend, p=0.007), and there was a linear relationship between number of CBES attended and perceived usefulness (Mann-Whitney, p=0.008). Results may support research that agriculture interventions are more effective when combined with nutrition education. Perceived barriers and benefits differed significantly between the two programs. 60.3% of HelpMercy beneficiaries and 40.0% of CTC beneficiaries perceived the interventions as useful. Program improvements are possible, and further research is needed to better understand the impact and potential benefits of small-scale nutrition and agriculture interventions for HIV-affected populations in SSA.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 179-181). / Also available by subscription via World Wide Web / 181 leaves, bound 29 cm

p. 1-163 / Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-10T20:31:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao seg.pdf: 1168672 bytes, checksum: 05293628a6812acab9a95d8871cc5308 (MD5) / Rejected by Alda Lima da Silva(sivalda@ufba.br), reason: Rever as palavras instituto e biologia grafasdas com as iniciais em letras minúsculas on 2013-04-15T20:26:22Z (GMT) / Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-23T20:54:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao seg.pdf: 1168672 bytes, checksum: 05293628a6812acab9a95d8871cc5308 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alda Lima da Silva(sivalda@ufba.br) on 2013-04-25T17:42:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao seg.pdf: 1168672 bytes, checksum: 05293628a6812acab9a95d8871cc5308 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-04-25T17:42:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao seg.pdf: 1168672 bytes, checksum: 05293628a6812acab9a95d8871cc5308 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Este trabalho buscou avaliar a contribuição do Projeto de Educação Ambiental (PEA) do Programa Bahia Azul na construção de conhecimentos e no desenvolvimento de valores e atitudes relativos ao meio ambiente e saneamento junto aos agentes multiplicadores, bem como caracterizar o processo de monitoramento e avaliação do projeto junto aos gestores e especialistas envolvidos na sua execução, fornecendo subsídios para a definição de indicadores de acompanhamento e avaliação de projetos desta natureza. A coleta de dados foi realizada por método qualitativo, envolvendo a aplicação de formulário junto aos agentes multiplicadores da comunidade da Bacia do Alto Pituaçu e questionários junto aos gestores e especialistas. A análise dos dados obtidos possibilitou constatar que as ações educativas do PEA proporcionaram a construção de conhecimento sobre meio ambiente, saúde e saneamento, os quais por sua vez, resultaram no desenvolvimento de atitudes e valores, que se expressam através do envolvimento da comunidade na melhoria e manutenção da qualidade ambiental. A mudança de comportamento da comunidade resgata a importância da ação educativa dos agentes multiplicadores, contudo, a falta de acompanhamento por parte do órgão executor, tem restringido a sua atuação na comunidade, o que poderá se refletir negativamente na manutenção do sistema de esgotamento sanitário. A metodologia de avaliação do PEA privilegiou uma abordagem predominantemente quantitativa, baseada na verificação do cumprimento das metas do projeto, inconsistente com os objetivos das ações educativas implementadas. Os gestores e especialistas reconhecem a importância da avaliação e da necessidade de definir e mensurar indicadores que possibilitem a obtenção de dados relativos ao grau de informação das comunidades sobre meio ambiente e saneamento e de participação na conservação dos equipamentos implantados. A carência de monitoramento e avaliação do PEA impossibilita a contínua alimentação de dados e a respectiva análise, inviabilizando a utilização dos resultados obtidos como parâmetros para planejamento e implementação de um próximo programa. / Salvador

Globally, there is still a large number of people without access to safe drinking water; a known health risk. In rural areas of countries like Peru, when potable water systems are built the responsibility for maintaining these systems is given to volunteer water committees. Despite its prevalence as a management model, there is a consensus that community management alone cannot ensure sustainable water service. Therefore, the overall goal of this research is to assess the sustainability of community-managed water systems in rural areas of the department of Amazonas, Peru. Specifically, this research examines two mechanisms that have been shown to improve the sustainability of rural water systems: 1) monitoring for asset management and service delivery, and 2) provision of long-term external support. In Amazonas, three sustainability assessment tools have been used recently to monitor the service level and management of water systems. These assessment tools are: the Rural Water and Sanitation Information System (SIASAR, in Spanish), Tracers in Rural Water and Sanitation (Trazadores, in Spanish), and the Diagnostic Survey for Water Supply and Sanitation (Diagnostico, in Spanish). The three tools were assessed using a question mapping technique as well as a sustainability assessment tool evaluation matrix. This analysis identified the SIASAR assessment tool to be the most appropriate for ensuring sustainability of rural water supply systems. This research also used the data collected with the SIASAR and Trazadores assessment tools to assess the state of community-managed rural water systems in Amazonas. The analysis showed that 81% of systems in the SIASAR analysis and 58% of systems in the Trazadores analysis have deficiencies that are beyond the ability of the water committee to overcome. In recent years, the Peruvian government has prioritized the creation of an office in each district dedicated to providing external technical support to local water committees. This office, called the Área Técnica Municipal de Agua y Saneamiento (ATM), is charged with formalizing and training water committees which are given the name, Juntas Administradoras de los Servicios de Saneamiento (JASS). In order to examine the provision of long-term external support provided by the ATM to the JASS, field research was conducted in six districts in Amazonas. Valuable anecdotal evidence was provided by the field research that helped to form recommendations for strengthening the capacity of the ATM office at the local municipal level. The results of this research demonstrate that currently a large number of community-managed rural water systems in Amazonas are not sustainable but that the prioritization of monitoring and external support is an encouraging sign. If these mechanisms continue to be prioritized then it is highly likely that water systems throughout Amazonas and Peru will become more sustainable, bringing benefits to millions of Peruvians in rural areas.

The thesis is focused on the fulfilling of community plan of social services in Olomouc. The theoretical section provides basic background of social policy, there are characterized social services with emphasis on services for children and seniors, and are given the legal documents that affect the provision of social services. In the practical part are compared the targets for selected groups with their implementation. If problems were found, there were proposed activities, actions and processes which should help at effective implementation of community social services plan.

Sustainable urban mobility is an established target of policy making and planning in Europe. It is associated with, among others, better air quality, less noise disturbance, increased safety and quality of public space. In this regard, one of the EU Commission’s main tools to reach sustainable urban mobility, Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMP), require the explicit integration of Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E). Yet, European cities face common barriers when it comes to materialising M&E in practice. To avoid or overcome these barriers, this paper argues for integrating capacity building (CB). We draw this conclusion on the basis of experiences made during the M&E of the Horizon 2020 Project ‘Metamorphosis’. We report our experiences, rating different monitoring indicators used for the evaluation of measures transforming car-oriented neighbourhoods into children-friendly neighbourhoods in seven European cities. We then give advice on how to design and integrate CB for a feasible M&E scheme.

Thesis (MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2021 / Refer to the document

Yes / This briefing paper reports on research exploring four detailed case studies of rural livelihoods interventions operating in Tanzania, South Africa and Uganda. Analysing these interventions through an audit of sustainable livelihood `principles¿ (as a proxy for best practice) reveals general lessons about both the practical opportunities and challenges for employing sustainable livelihoods approaches to the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of development interventions. / Department for International Development

Yes / This briefing paper reports on research exploring detailed case studies of HIV/AIDS livelihoods-oriented interventions operating in Uganda, Lesotho and South Africa. The interventions were analysed through an audit of sustainable livelihood `principles¿. This revealed general lessons both about the practical opportunities and challenges for employing sustainable livelihoods approaches to the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of development interventions and also about the changing format of development interventions. / Department for International Development