"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration from the Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009." / Advisor(s): King, Cynthia. ; Salem, Anita. "December 2009." "MBA Professional report"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on April 12, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Energy Conservation; Strategic Communication; U.S. Navy Energy Conservation Programs; Motivations; Incentives; Behavior Change Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-87). Also available in print.

The objective of this study is to find out how and why Small to Medium sized Enterprises (SME’s) practice ecodesign. This problem is investigated by conducting seven qualitative interviews with spokesmen from ecodesigning SME’s in The Netherlands. The motivations for the researched SME’s to practice ecodesign are that there are new business opportunities, that it improves the corporate image, that they have a desire to change production to benefit the environment, and out of (expected) governmental legislation. In this thesis it was found that the researched SME’s get their knowledge to ensure that their products are sustainable firstly from their employees. They also apply the method of trial and error, they consult scientific publications, suppliers, and on sustainability events. The Life Cycle Assessment was the only scientific method or tool that was used by the businesses of the respondents. The benefits of practicing ecodesign for the SME’s are that the demand for ecodesigned products is growing, that it improves the corporate image of the company, that it improves business to business relations, that it increases the loyalty of employees to their businesses through working on values that are important to them, and that it provides a new base for innovative ideas. Obstacles to practicing ecodesign seem to be that trade-offs have to be made and that consumers perceive that the ecodesigned products are overpriced.

India’s IT-capital Bangalore is experiencing rapid urbanization causing diminishing greenery and biodiversity. Urbanization contributes to disconnecting humans from nature, further contributing to environmental degradation, since connecting with nature is crucial for fostering pro-environmental behaviour and stewardship which is required for urban resilience. The city’s long legacy of home gardening has been threatened by the city growth, however, Bangaloreans are finding new ways of engaging in gardening. This study gives an inside perspective of how and why middle class Bangaloreans choose to engage in gardening, building on interviews with 24 terrace and community gardeners, and identification of 6 community garden initiatives. The terrace gardening movement emerged during the 1990s, and have now spread to engage several thousands of citizens, growing on their rooftops across the city, however, community gardening is a ‘new’ phenomenon. The motivations expressed by gardeners are, in this study, categorised in motivational drivers and direct benefits. Motivational drivers affect the gardener’s desire to engage and these drivers are identified as memories, cultural values and beliefs, experiences of urbanization, perception of risk and external influence. Direct benefits are the benefits they get from gardening, identified as material, psychological and social benefits. The main motivations stated were the benefits of healthy food and connecting with nature. Terrace gardeners have a strong network and the main platform for interaction is social media, and many community gardeners are also part of that forum, where experiences and knowledge are shared. Gardeners use natural and organic practices and many have a desire to preserve traditional species and methods. This indicates that urban gardening is a way of stewardship of urban (agro)biodiversity and thus requires increased attention, for overcoming challenges related to management and lack of perseverance, and for contributing to city resilience through human and nature connections through gardening. / FOR 2432

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att utvärdera om ett företags låga personalomsättning kan vara ett resultat av företagets motivationsstrategier och anställdas motivation på arbetet. Frågeställningar: Ser företaget både fördelar och nackdelar med sin låga personalomsättning? Vilka strategier har företaget för att motivera sina anställda? Upplever medarbetarna motivation utifrån dessa motivationsstrategier? Metod: Genom en fallstudie utifrån Clas Ohlson genomförde vi triangulering utifrån en HRpartner, tre butikschefer samt medarbetare. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer samt kvantitativ enkätundersökning samlade vi in empiriskt material som sedan analyserades kvalitativt. Studien genomfördes genom ett hermeneutiskt förhållningssätt och deduktiv ansats. Studiens teoretiska referensram består av modeller, teorier, vetenskapliga artiklar och facklitteratur. Slutsats: Vi kan utifrån denna studie visa att majoriteten av de medverkande medarbetarna inom Clas Ohlson till största del känner motivation på arbetet och trivs på sin arbetsplats. Om företagets låga personalomsättning är ett resultat av företagets motivationsstrategier och anställdas motivation visar sig inte tydligt i studien. Studien visar dock att anställda känner motivation utifrån det som företaget erbjuder sina anställda för att stanna i företaget och majoriteten av de medverkande ser sig själva arbeta inom Clas Ohlson i framtiden. / Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate if Clas Ohlson employee turnover can be a result of the company's motivation strategies and the employee motivation. Research questions: Does the organization see both advantages and disadvantages with their low turnover? What strategies does the organization and management have regarding employee motivation? Does the employees experience motivation based on these strategies? Method: Through a case study on Clas Ohlson we did a triangulation using a HR-partner, three store managers and employees. Through qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys, the collected empirical material was analyzed qualitatively. The study was conducted through a hermeneutic and deductive approach. The theoretical reference framework is based on models and theories as well as scientific articles and literature. Conclusions: The study show that most of the participators of employees of Clas Ohlson do feel motivated at work and their workplace. If the company low turnover is a result of the company's motivation strategies is not shown clearly in the study. However, the study does show that the employees do feel motivated to stay in the company and the majority see themselves work at Clas Ohlson in the future.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-03-01T14:05:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1015641 bytes, checksum: 08084c295c0f087cc1249b2fe3c98966 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Clebson Anjos (clebson.leandro54@gmail.com) on 2016-03-09T22:25:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1015641 bytes, checksum: 08084c295c0f087cc1249b2fe3c98966 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Clebson Anjos (clebson.leandro54@gmail.com) on 2016-03-09T22:26:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1015641 bytes, checksum: 08084c295c0f087cc1249b2fe3c98966 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-09T22:27:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1015641 bytes, checksum: 08084c295c0f087cc1249b2fe3c98966 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The subjects of the present research were active volunteers at Cidade Viva Foundation for over one year. This non-governmental organization is located in João Pessoa and it has over 350 volunteers; from where 122 subjects collaborated with this research, which aimed to reveal the motivations for staying or leaving the volunteer work. The adopted theoretical model was proposed by Cavalcante (2012), which allows tracing the volunteers’ motivational profile in certain given situations, such as staying or leaving the volunteer work. Data were obtained by questionnaire, during meetings that took place at the Foundation from July to August 2014. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (frequency, means, standard deviations, and coefficient of variation) and interferential statistics (Student t test for independent sampling and Bonferroni tests – ANOVA for multiple comparison/correlation sampling) were utilized. Thus, the research pointed that main motivations for staying at volunteer work at Cidade Viva Foundation are mainly settled in altruistic and learning profiles, which forward to the same conclusion from other studies in this area. Regarding the leaving process, it was noticed that questions related to religious nature are the ones that could lead them to withdraw this activity. As contribution, it is expected that such outcomes can help the Foundation to plan strategies that reduce/avoid members’ turnover, once each dropout represents loss for both the Foundation, which invests in the training of volunteers in their entry, and those ones who are taken care by actions from volunteering. / A presente pesquisa teve como sujeitos de estudo os voluntários atuantes na Fundação Cidade Viva há mais de um ano. Essa organização não governamental situa-se na Cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba, e possui mais de 350 voluntários; destes, 122 sujeitos colaboraram com o estudo, que teve como objetivo revelar as motivações de permanência e/ou possível saída do trabalho voluntário. O modelo teórico adotado foi o proposto por Cavalcante (2012), o qual permite traçar o perfil motivacional dos voluntários em momentos distintos, tanto para a permanência quanto para a saída. Os dados foram obtidos mediante questionários aplicados, durante as reuniões ocorridas na Fundação no período de julho a agosto de 2014. Na análise dos dados, foram utilizadas estatísticas descritivas (frequências, porcentagens, médias, desvios-padrão e coeficiente de variação) e estatísticas inferenciais (teste t de Student para amostras independentes e comparações/correlações múltiplas por meio dos testes de Bonferroni - ANOVA). Assim, o estudo apontou que as principais motivações para a permanência no trabalho voluntário na Fundação Cidade Viva estão assentadas, principalmente, nos perfis altruísta e aprendizado, que os remetem à mesma constatação de outros estudos da área. Quanto ao momento saída, as questões de cunho religioso são as que mais poderiam levá-los à desistência dessa atividade. Como contribuição espera-se que, mediante tais resultados, a Fundação possa planejar estratégias que reduzam ou mesmo possam evitar a rotatividade dos membros, uma vez que cada desistência representa prejuízos tanto para a Fundação, que investe no treinamento dos voluntários no momento em que ingressam, quanto para aqueles que são atendidos pelas ações oriundas do voluntariado.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-23T16:24:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JordanaLucenaDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 3783400 bytes, checksum: d73a15f166ed2e6b57057baa20422b7c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monica Paiva (monicalpaiva@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-23T16:37:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JordanaLucenaDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 3783400 bytes, checksum: d73a15f166ed2e6b57057baa20422b7c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-23T16:37:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JordanaLucenaDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 3783400 bytes, checksum: d73a15f166ed2e6b57057baa20422b7c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-15 / Neste trabalho abordamos o cen?rio da Dan?a no Rio Grande do Norte, a partir da investiga??o de Grupos evidentes nas mesorregi?es do Leste Potiguar, Agreste Potiguar, Central Potiguar e Oeste Potiguar, e mais especificamente nos munic?pios Major Sales, Jardim do Serid?, Pedro Velho e Passa e Fica. Com isso objetivamos compreender, do ponto de vista fenomenol?gico, os sentidos e os significados que motivam os sujeitos das dan?as l? situadas, a serem agentes fazedores-transformadores da dan?a no Rio Grande do Norte. Para tanto, elegemos as seguintes quest?es de estudo que nortearam o desenvolvimento dessa investiga??o: 1. Que motiva??es impulsionam os sujeitos fazedores da dan?a a contribu?rem para mant?-la viva-pulsante e/ou resistirem ?s dificuldades cotidianas? 2. Que dificuldades est?o presentes nesse cen?rio da dan?a no RN e como s?o enfrentadas? 3. Como vem se configurando o cen?rio da dan?a no RN? Dessa forma foi poss?vel, nesse contexto de sentidos e significados, desvelar motiva??es, dificuldades e configura??es das dan?as nesses munic?pios representativos do RN; isto ?, percebermos as identidades e identifica??es desses brincantes com a dan?a enquanto manifesta??o cultural simb?lica, cidad? e pol?tica; a presen?a/aus?ncia de pol?ticas p?blicas voltadas a essas express?es art?sticas e o impacto decorrente do envolvimento das comunidades para que esse cen?rio cultural se propague pelas novas gera??es. / Neste trabalho abordamos o cen?rio da Dan?a no Rio Grande do Norte, a partir da investiga??o de Grupos evidentes nas mesorregi?es do Leste Potiguar, Agreste Potiguar, Central Potiguar e Oeste Potiguar, e mais especificamente nos munic?pios Major Sales, Jardim do Serid?, Pedro Velho e Passa e Fica. Com isso objetivamos compreender, do ponto de vista fenomenol?gico, os sentidos e os significados que motivam os sujeitos das dan?as l? situadas, a serem agentes fazedores-transformadores da dan?a no Rio Grande do Norte. Para tanto, elegemos as seguintes quest?es de estudo que nortearam o desenvolvimento dessa investiga??o: 1. Que motiva??es impulsionam os sujeitos fazedores da dan?a a contribu?rem para mant?-la viva-pulsante e/ou resistirem ?s dificuldades cotidianas? 2. Que dificuldades est?o presentes nesse cen?rio da dan?a no RN e como s?o enfrentadas? 3. Como vem se configurando o cen?rio da dan?a no RN? Dessa forma foi poss?vel, nesse contexto de sentidos e significados, desvelar motiva??es, dificuldades e configura??es das dan?as nesses munic?pios representativos do RN; isto ?, percebermos as identidades e identifica??es desses brincantes com a dan?a enquanto manifesta??o cultural simb?lica, cidad? e pol?tica; a presen?a/aus?ncia de pol?ticas p?blicas voltadas a essas express?es art?sticas e o impacto decorrente do envolvimento das comunidades para que esse cen?rio cultural se propague pelas novas gera??es.

In what has been described as “the age of migration” by Castles et al. (2014) the international transfers of remittances is an ever-growing phenomenon, which has generated an increased interest among both scholars and policy-makers. According to the World Bank (2016), the flow of remittances to developing countries is today exceeding the amount of official development aid by three times. The objective of this study is to contribute to a more nuanced view of the motivations for remittances by conducting a qualitative interview study with remittance senders in Sweden. The study uses data obtained from 18 interviews in order to receive an in-depth understanding of remittance attitudes. An analytical framework departing from Lucas and Stark’s hypotheses on motives to remit (1985) combined with the conjugal contract model (Whitehead, 1984) is constructed and used for the analysis of the findings. The paper argues that the relationship between household members can be seen as a social contract, and the findings suggest a correlation between social norms and gender roles within the family. The results of the interviews indicate that social norms do influence remittance behaviour, and the determinants of time and expectations from the household are also proven relevant to the topic. The findings thus show that the concept of social contracts between family members can be usefully employed in order to extend our understanding of remittance behaviour. In conclusion, this study shows that viewing remittances as part of a social contract within households can provide a useful tool for further research on the topic.

Os sistemas de avaliação ambiental de edifícios são cada vez mais empregados no mercado de construção, servindo de suporte para a realização de diversos estudos acadêmicos sobre esta matéria. Muitos autores e sites ressaltam os benefícios das certificações LEED e do Processo AQUA, porém poucos discutem quantitativamente os efeitos, dificuldades e motivos de sua adoção, evidenciando, dessa forma, a necessidade e a importância de pesquisas como esta. Neste contexto, este trabalho tem como objetivo geral traçar um panorama da certificação ambiental de edifícios no Brasil, através da percepção dos principais intervenientes (stakeholder) no processo. Os objetivos principais deste trabalho consistem na identificação das motivações para a certificação de sistemas de avaliação ambiental de edifícios (LEED e Processo AQUA) e dos benefícios e dificuldades inerentes a sua implementação. Foi possível ainda efetuar várias recomendações destinadas a orientar e facilitar o processo de adoção destes sistemas, que inclui a proposta de ações a serem desenvolvidas pelas empresas, organismos de certificação e autoridades governamentais competentes. O método utilizado foi de pesquisa survey, junto a vários agentes envolvidos no processo de certificação ambiental. Para tal, foram concebidos diferentes questionários destinados a caracterizar a adoção dos sistemas de avaliação ambiental de edifícios que foram encaminhados aos empreendedores e consultores de empreendimentos certificados ou em processo de certificação. Obtiveram-se em total 21 questionários válidos que indicaram que as principais motivações para obter a certificação estão ligadas à melhoria da imagem e do empreendimento e que os principais benefícios estão relacionados com o marketing e a redução dos custos operacionais. Estes resultados também indicaram que existem dificuldades para essa adoção principalmente com a falta de integração no processo de projeto e a falta de fornecedores para materiais e tecnologias sustentáveis. / The building environmental assessment systems over the world are employing increasingly and we can find several studies concerning this subject. Many authors and websites emphasize the benefits of LEED and Process AQUA, but few discuss quantitatively the impacts, difficulties and reasons for its adoption, showing thus the need and importance of research like this. In this context, this paper aims to outline a general overview of the environmental certification of buildings in Brazil, through the key stakeholders perception (stakeholder) of the process. The main targets of this work were to identify the motivations for the environmental assessment systems for buildings and the corresponding benefits and difficulties concerning of implementation. It was also possible to make some recommendations to orientate and support the adoption of environmental assessment systems for buildings. These recomendations include the identification of actions to be implemented by companies, certification bodies and governmental authorities. In order to accomplish the defined targets, it were developed surveys which can lead to characterize the adoption of environmental assessment systems for buildings (LEED and AQUA Process). These survey was sent directly to entrepreneurs and consultants of a sample of brasilian companies with building certified or certification process (LEED and AQUA Process). It was received 21 answers that indicated that the main motivations for certification are linked to improving the image and building and that the main benefits are related to marketing and reducing operating costs. These results also indicated that there are difficulties in adopting this especially with the lack of integration in the design process and the lack of suppliers for materials and sustainable technologies.

The problem with which this study is concerned is to determine the relationship between the motivations to work for Nigerian lecturers and their perceptions of their academic organizational climate. The related purposes of the study are to determine the motivations to work for Nigerian lecturers, their perceptions of the academic organizational climate in which they work, and the relationships that exist between motivations and type of organizational climate.

In recent years, second-hand products have received more attention and the demand for secondhand products has increased. In line with the demand for second-hand products, ethical consumption has also increased. There have been earlier studies done on ethical consumption and the drivers of its consumers. Meanwhile, there is a lack in the research regarding what it is that drives and motivates consumers to purchase second-hand products. The purpose of this study was to explore what drives and motivates consumers to shop second-hand products. The study used a qualitative method. The data was collected through interviews with employees and volunteers at second-hand stores, and through a focus group with second-hand customers. The empirical findings show that there are various drivers and motivations for second-hand consumption. However, there are some drivers and motivations which are more common than others. The conclusion is that consumers are motivated and driven by various factors. They are motivated by consumer responsibility, decrease of impulse purchases and reference groups. They are driven by dissonance, self-fulfillment, thrill of the hunt and finding unique products.