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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
131

Průzkum uplatňování štíhlé výroby ve firmách / Research of using Lean Production in companies

KUTHANOVÁ, Vladimíra January 2017 (has links)
This dissertation is focused on a research of using methods of Lean Production in working environment of selected companies in the Czech Republic. In the introduction the author mentioned theoretic facts about Lean Production, which is originally from Japan. The rest of dissertation also included characteristics of selected companies and description of situations in companies before and after using Lean Production methods. At the end of each part we can find conclusion and suggestion of specific new steps for these companies. A company, called Linde Pohony s.r.o. Český Krumlov, have been using these methods: TPM, 5S and visual management. In a company Rohde & Schwarz, which is located in Vimperk, have been using the methods of Lean Production. : Kanban and also visual management. And a company ČSAT a.s. Praha have been testing methods of Lean Production: MUDA, 5S, Kaizen with a diagram of Ishikawa. In conclusion of the dissertation assumptions were evaluated. The overall summary of exercising Lean Production in companies - Linde Pohony s.r.o. Český Krumlov, ČSAT a.s. Praha a Rhode & Schwarz - Vimperk, were mentioned as well. Outcomes of the dissertation can be used for companies, which had been analyzing or for other companies with similar specializations. The dissertation provides the analysis of utilization selected Japanese principles of Lean Production in Czech companies.
132

Seleção de plantas resistentes e de fungicidas para o controle da "morte prematura" do maracujazeiro, causada por Nectria haematococca e Phytophthora parasitica. / Selection of resistant plants and fungicides for the control of passion fruit "premature death", caused by Nectria haematococca and Phytophthora parasitica.

Ivan Herman Fischer 28 January 2004 (has links)
O presente trabalho teve por objetivos avaliar métodos de inoculação de Nectria haematococca e Phytophthora parasitica e idades de Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa suscetíveis à infecção; avaliar a ocorrência de damping-off e podridão de colo do maracujazeiro em solo infestado; avaliar o comportamento de diferentes Passsifloraceas e genótipos de maracujazeiro amarelo aos respectivos patógenos; realizar testes de controle químico in vitro, tratamento químico erradicante em solo infestado e tratamento químico curativo em P. edulis f. flavicarpa para os respectivos patógenos. Inoculações no colo das plantas de P. edulis f. flavicarpa proporcionaram maiores níveis de doença comparadas às inoculações no sistema radicular, previamente ferido. Os resultados sugerem que N. haematococca seja um patógeno que penetra através de ferimentos. A mortalidade foi maior quando a inoculação foi realizada em plantas mais jovens e quando os patógenos N. haematococca e P. parasitica estavam em associação. Dentre as 17 espécies de Passiflora avaliadas para resistência aos patógenos, as espécies P. nitida, P. laurifolia e P. alata apresentaram as menores médias de lesões de N. haematococca, enquanto que para P. parasitica foram as espécies P. suberosa, P. foetida e P. morifolia as menos afetadas. Passiflora sidaefolia, P. edulis f. flavicarpa e P. edulis f. edulis foram as mais suscetíveis a ambos os patógenos, com sintomas que culminaram com a morte de plantas. Os genótipos de P. edulis f. flavicarpa mais resistentes a N. haematococca foram os procedentes de Morretes (PR) e a variedade Maguari e de Sapucaí (SP), enquanto que para P. parasitica foram os genótipos de Morretes (PR), Jaboticabal (SP) e LE13P2 (IAC) os menos afetados. A variedade Sul-Brasil e o genótipo de Livramento (BA) foram altamente suscetíveis a ambos os patógenos, com sintomas que culminaram com a morte de plantas. No teste de fungitoxidade in vitro avaliou-se a eficiência dos fungicidas na inibição do crescimento micelial de N. haematococca e P. parasitica. Na dose 100 ppm somente prochloraz inibiu totalmente o crescimento micelial de N. haematococca e nenhum produto inibiu acima de 82 % o crescimento de P. parasitica. Os fungicidas prochloraz, thiabendazole, thiram+thiabendazole, carbendazim, triflumizole e captan exerceram controle erradicante em solo infestado com N. haematococca, inibindo a incidência da doença em plantas com seis semanas pós-germinação. O mesmo foi observado com os produtos kif, dimethomorph, metalaxyl+mancozeb, mancozeb, cymoxanil+maneb e oxicloreto de cobre para P. parasitica. Os fungicidas testados em tratamento curativo inibiram o desenvolvimento da doença com melhores resultados quando aplicados dois dias após a inoculação, comparado a sete dias. Os fungicidas prochloraz e carbendazim destacaram-se por evitar a morte de plantas inoculadas com N. haematococca e os fungicidas kif, dimethomorph, metalaxyl+mancozeb e cymoxanil+maneb apresentaram eficiência semelhante entre si e superior a fosetyl- Al no controle de P. parasitica. / The objectives of the present work were to evaluate methods of inoculation of Nectria haematococca and Phytophthora parasitica and ages of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa which are susceptible to infection; to evaluate the damping-off and collar rot of passion fruit plant in infested soil; to evaluate the behavior of different Passsifloraceas and yellow genotypes of passion fruit to the respective pathogens; to carry out tests of chemical control in vitro, eradicative chemical treatment in infested soil and curative chemical treatment in P. edulis f. flavicarpa for the respective pathogens. Inoculations in the collar zone of P. edulis f. flavicarpa plants provided higher levels of disease when compared to the inoculations in the radicular system previously wounded. The results suggest that N. haematococca is a pathogen that penetrates through wounds. Mortality was higher when the inoculation was carried out in younger plants and when both pathogens were together. Amongst the 17 species of Passiflora tested for resistance to the pathogens, P. nitida, P. laurifolia, and P. alata showed the lowest average of N. haematococca lesions, while P. suberosa, P. morifolia, and P. foetida were the least affected species by P. parasitica. Passiflora sidaefolia, P. edulis f. flavicarpa, and P. edulis f. edulis were the most susceptible to both pathogens, showing symptoms that culminated with the death of the plants. The most resistant genotypes of P. edulis f. flavicarpa to N. haematococca were those from Morretes (PR), Maguari variety, and those from Sapucaí (SP); with respect to P. parasitica, the genotypes from Morretes (PR), Jaboticabal (SP), and LE13P2 (IAC) were the least affected. The Sul- Brasil variety and the genotype from Livramento (BA) had been highly susceptible to both pathogens, having symptoms that culminated with the death of plants. The in vitro efficiency of the fungicides in the inhibition of the mycelial growth of N. haematococca and P. parasitica was evaluated. At 100 ppm, only prochloraz inhibited totally the mycelial growth of N. haematococca and no product inhibited over 82 % the growth of P. parasitica. Prochloraz, thiabendazole, thiram+thiabendazole, carbendazim, triflumizole, and captan controlled eradicatively the soil infested by N. haematococca, inhibiting the incidence of the disease in plants which were six weeks old. The same was observed for the products kif, dimethomorph, metalaxyl+mancozeb, mancozeb, cymoxanil+maneb, and copper oxychloride for P. parasitica. The tested fungicides in curative treatment inhibited the development of the disease with better results when applied two days after the inoculation, compared to seven days. Prochloraz and carbendazim were outstanding for preventing the death of plants inoculated with N. haematococca. Kif, dimethomorph, metalaxyl+mancozeb, and cymoxanil+maneb showed similar efficiency and were superior to fosetyl-Al in the control of P. parasitica.
133

Optimalizace logistických procesů ve společnosti zabývající se hotelnictvím / Logistics Processes Optimization in Company Specialized in Hotel Industry

Novotný, Josef January 2014 (has links)
The thesis deals with the application of Lean management in optimizing business processes, namely logistics processes. The author narrows the theoretical view as possible in today's practice to optimize the logistics processes in the real case study of a company. One of the theoretical foundations of modern Japanese approach based on Lean Management is called Toyota Production System. The practical focus of the work lies in analysis of the actual deployment of optimization in company specialized in hotel industry. Finally, thesis evaluates the success of optimization in the organization. The author has proposed some practical pieces of advice and techniques to approach optimization in near future.
134

Návrh zavedení štíhlé výroby v průmyslovém podniku / The proposal of lean production implementation in a industrial enterprise

Nachtmann, Pavel January 2009 (has links)
This master´s thesis describes the production process in Japanese enterprise Daikin Device Czech Republic s.r.o. with emphasis on the production schedule, equipment and manufacturing system with elements of lean production. According to the production process analysis at the given production line a new solution of the production process has been suggested to increase production efficiency. This conception has been implemented and compared to the production process before, as well as to the assumed production process after increasing the efficiency.
135

Avaliação in vitro da permeabilidade cutânea da rutina em emulsões cosméticas / In vitro evaluation of rutin cutaneous permeability from cosmetic emulsions

Baby, André Rolim 10 September 2007 (has links)
A rutina é empregada como antioxidante e na prevenção da fragilidade capilar. Pode ser veiculada em emulsões tópicas adequadas para atingir o local de ação. Estudos de penetração in vitro através da pele humana seria a situação ideal, entretanto, há dificuldades de sua obtenção e manutenção de sua viabilidade. Entre os demais modelos de membrana, a muda de pele de cobra apresenta-se como estrato córneo puro, fornecendo barreira similar ao humano e é obtida sem a morte do animal. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram: (1) desenvolver e avaliar a estabilidade de emulsões cosméticas, contendo rutina e promotores de penetração cutânea, tais como, uréia (U), isopropanol (IP) e propilenoglicol (PG); (2) avaliar a liberação da referida substância ativa das emulsões e; (3) avaliar a penetração e a retenção cutânea in vitro da rutina da formulação de melhor desempenho. Emulsões foram desenvolvidas com rutina a 5,0% p/p e U, IP e PG, associados ou não e em proporções distintas, segundo planejamento fatorial com dois níveis com ponto central. Quantificou-se a rutina das emulsões por espectrofotometria a 361,0 nm, método previamente validado. A liberação da rutina nas formulações foi realizada em células de difusão vertical com membrana de acetato de celulose e água destilada e álcool etílico absoluto 99,5% (1:1), como fluido receptor. O experimento foi conduzido em um período de seis horas, a 37,0 ±. 0,5 °C e agitação constante de 300 rpm.>f. emulsão de melhor desempenho quanto à liberação foi estudada quanto à estabilidade (Testes de Estabilidade Acelerada). Para o estudo de penetração e retenção cutânea da rutina dessa formulação foi utilizada muda de pele de cobra de Crotalus durissus. Empregou-se o método espectrofotométrico validado a 410,0 nm para a quantificação da rutina após liberação, penetração e retenção cutânea. Todas as emulsões foram consideradas adequadas após desenvolvimento das formulações. A uréia (isolada e em associação com IP e PG) e o isopropanol (isolado e em associação com PG) influenciaram negativamente a liberação da rutina das emulsões em diversos parâmetros. A rutina liberada e acumulada da formulação contendo PG a 5,0% p/p possuiu valor de 648,80 ±. 53,01 &#181g/cm2. Fora do esperado, a preparação contendo o número maior de promotores (U 5,0% p/p, IP 5,0% p/p e PG 5,0% p/p) resultou em liberação de menor magnitude igual a 419,76 ±. 17,98 &#181g/cm2. A presença do PG apresentou-se mais eficiente na liberação da rutina, mas não na sua penetração através da muda de pele de C. durissus, retendo 0,931 ± 0,0391 µg de rutina/mg de muda de pele de cobra. Nas condições de armazenamento a 25,0 ±2,0 °C; 5,0 ±0,5 °C e 45,0 ±. 0,5 °C, a emulsão com PG e rutina apresentou-se quimicamente estável durante 30 dias. De acordo com os resultados, a emulsão contendo PG apresentou liberação mais expressiva da rutina, no entanto, não ocorreu a penetração cutânea, mas apenas sua retenção no estrato córneo de C. durissus. A preparação manteve-se estável em todas as condições de armazenamento. / Rutin is employed as antioxidant and to prevent the capillary fragility and, when incorporated in cosmetic emulsions, it must target the action site. In vitro cutaneous penetration studies through human skin is the ideal situation, however, there are difficulties to obtain and to maintain this tissue viability. Among the membrane models, the shed snake skin presents itself as pure stratum corneum, providing barrier function similar to human and it is obtained without the animal sacrifica. The objectives of this research were: (1) development and stability evaluation of cosmetic emulsions containing rutin and penetration enhancers, as urea (U), isopropanol (IP) and propylene glycol (PG); (2) release evaluation of the mentioned active substance from the emulsions and; (3) evaluation of rutin in vitro cutaneous penetration and retention from the emulsion of the best performance. Emulsions were developed with rutin 5.0% w/wand U, IP and PG, associated or not according to factorial design with two levels and central point. Active substance on the formulations was quantified by a validated spectrophotometric method at 361.0 nm. Rutin release from emulsions was performed in vertical diffusion cells with cellulose acetate membrane and distilled water and ethanol 99.5% (1:1), as receptor fluid. The experiment was conducted for six hours, at 37.0 ± 0.5 °c with constant stirring of 300 rpm. Formulation with best profile of rutin release had its stability studied by the Accelerated Stability Assays. Rutin cutaneous penetration and retention from the mentioned emulsion was performed with shed snake skin from Crotalus durissus. Spectrophotometry at 410.0 nm, previously validated, determined the active substance after release and cutaneous penetration/retention. Ali emulsions were considered apparently stables after development. Urea (isolated and associated with IP and PG) and isopropanol (isolated and associated with PG) have influenced negatively the rutin release in several parameters. Emulsion with PG 5.0% w/w presented rutin released and accumulated equal to 648.80 ± 53.01 µg/cm2. Unexpectedly, the formulation containing all enhancers (U 5.0% w/w, IP 5.0% w/w and PG 5.0% w/w) has decreased the amount released of the active substance (419.76 ± 17.98 µg/cm2). Emulsion with PG presented more adequate for rutin release, but PG did not provide rutin cutaneous penetration through C. durissus skin, retaining 0.931 ± 0.0391 &$181;g rutin/mg shed snake skin. The referred formulation was chemically stable for 30 days after they have been stored at 25.0 ± 2.0 °c, 5.0 ± 0.5 °c and 45.0 ± 0.5 °C. In conclusion, emulsion with PG provided rutin release more expressively, although, it has not been verified the active cutaneous penetration, but only its retention on the Crotalus durissus stratum corneum. Formulation was stable in all storage conditions.
136

Avaliação in vitro da permeabilidade cutânea da rutina em emulsões cosméticas / In vitro evaluation of rutin cutaneous permeability from cosmetic emulsions

André Rolim Baby 10 September 2007 (has links)
A rutina é empregada como antioxidante e na prevenção da fragilidade capilar. Pode ser veiculada em emulsões tópicas adequadas para atingir o local de ação. Estudos de penetração in vitro através da pele humana seria a situação ideal, entretanto, há dificuldades de sua obtenção e manutenção de sua viabilidade. Entre os demais modelos de membrana, a muda de pele de cobra apresenta-se como estrato córneo puro, fornecendo barreira similar ao humano e é obtida sem a morte do animal. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram: (1) desenvolver e avaliar a estabilidade de emulsões cosméticas, contendo rutina e promotores de penetração cutânea, tais como, uréia (U), isopropanol (IP) e propilenoglicol (PG); (2) avaliar a liberação da referida substância ativa das emulsões e; (3) avaliar a penetração e a retenção cutânea in vitro da rutina da formulação de melhor desempenho. Emulsões foram desenvolvidas com rutina a 5,0% p/p e U, IP e PG, associados ou não e em proporções distintas, segundo planejamento fatorial com dois níveis com ponto central. Quantificou-se a rutina das emulsões por espectrofotometria a 361,0 nm, método previamente validado. A liberação da rutina nas formulações foi realizada em células de difusão vertical com membrana de acetato de celulose e água destilada e álcool etílico absoluto 99,5% (1:1), como fluido receptor. O experimento foi conduzido em um período de seis horas, a 37,0 ±. 0,5 °C e agitação constante de 300 rpm.>f. emulsão de melhor desempenho quanto à liberação foi estudada quanto à estabilidade (Testes de Estabilidade Acelerada). Para o estudo de penetração e retenção cutânea da rutina dessa formulação foi utilizada muda de pele de cobra de Crotalus durissus. Empregou-se o método espectrofotométrico validado a 410,0 nm para a quantificação da rutina após liberação, penetração e retenção cutânea. Todas as emulsões foram consideradas adequadas após desenvolvimento das formulações. A uréia (isolada e em associação com IP e PG) e o isopropanol (isolado e em associação com PG) influenciaram negativamente a liberação da rutina das emulsões em diversos parâmetros. A rutina liberada e acumulada da formulação contendo PG a 5,0% p/p possuiu valor de 648,80 ±. 53,01 &#181g/cm2. Fora do esperado, a preparação contendo o número maior de promotores (U 5,0% p/p, IP 5,0% p/p e PG 5,0% p/p) resultou em liberação de menor magnitude igual a 419,76 ±. 17,98 &#181g/cm2. A presença do PG apresentou-se mais eficiente na liberação da rutina, mas não na sua penetração através da muda de pele de C. durissus, retendo 0,931 ± 0,0391 µg de rutina/mg de muda de pele de cobra. Nas condições de armazenamento a 25,0 ±2,0 °C; 5,0 ±0,5 °C e 45,0 ±. 0,5 °C, a emulsão com PG e rutina apresentou-se quimicamente estável durante 30 dias. De acordo com os resultados, a emulsão contendo PG apresentou liberação mais expressiva da rutina, no entanto, não ocorreu a penetração cutânea, mas apenas sua retenção no estrato córneo de C. durissus. A preparação manteve-se estável em todas as condições de armazenamento. / Rutin is employed as antioxidant and to prevent the capillary fragility and, when incorporated in cosmetic emulsions, it must target the action site. In vitro cutaneous penetration studies through human skin is the ideal situation, however, there are difficulties to obtain and to maintain this tissue viability. Among the membrane models, the shed snake skin presents itself as pure stratum corneum, providing barrier function similar to human and it is obtained without the animal sacrifica. The objectives of this research were: (1) development and stability evaluation of cosmetic emulsions containing rutin and penetration enhancers, as urea (U), isopropanol (IP) and propylene glycol (PG); (2) release evaluation of the mentioned active substance from the emulsions and; (3) evaluation of rutin in vitro cutaneous penetration and retention from the emulsion of the best performance. Emulsions were developed with rutin 5.0% w/wand U, IP and PG, associated or not according to factorial design with two levels and central point. Active substance on the formulations was quantified by a validated spectrophotometric method at 361.0 nm. Rutin release from emulsions was performed in vertical diffusion cells with cellulose acetate membrane and distilled water and ethanol 99.5% (1:1), as receptor fluid. The experiment was conducted for six hours, at 37.0 ± 0.5 °c with constant stirring of 300 rpm. Formulation with best profile of rutin release had its stability studied by the Accelerated Stability Assays. Rutin cutaneous penetration and retention from the mentioned emulsion was performed with shed snake skin from Crotalus durissus. Spectrophotometry at 410.0 nm, previously validated, determined the active substance after release and cutaneous penetration/retention. Ali emulsions were considered apparently stables after development. Urea (isolated and associated with IP and PG) and isopropanol (isolated and associated with PG) have influenced negatively the rutin release in several parameters. Emulsion with PG 5.0% w/w presented rutin released and accumulated equal to 648.80 ± 53.01 µg/cm2. Unexpectedly, the formulation containing all enhancers (U 5.0% w/w, IP 5.0% w/w and PG 5.0% w/w) has decreased the amount released of the active substance (419.76 ± 17.98 µg/cm2). Emulsion with PG presented more adequate for rutin release, but PG did not provide rutin cutaneous penetration through C. durissus skin, retaining 0.931 ± 0.0391 &$181;g rutin/mg shed snake skin. The referred formulation was chemically stable for 30 days after they have been stored at 25.0 ± 2.0 °c, 5.0 ± 0.5 °c and 45.0 ± 0.5 °C. In conclusion, emulsion with PG provided rutin release more expressively, although, it has not been verified the active cutaneous penetration, but only its retention on the Crotalus durissus stratum corneum. Formulation was stable in all storage conditions.

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