In my dissertation I show how the hegemonic power of the post-revolutionary state in Mexico utilized the figure of legendary Pancho Villa in literature and cinematography to create a national myth that represents a consensus in a mestizo patriarchal Christian society. I examine how the use and abuse of the image of Villa in post-revolutionary literary works and films caused this figure to acquire mythical characteristics and dimensions, and to become a key element in the construction of national identity and masculinity in Mexico. I argue that the figure of Villa is a confirmation of a traditional rather than a revolutionary proposal in gender terms. Equally important, I demonstrate how the literature and film of the Mexican revolution constitute instrumental devices for the formation of masculinity and the strengthening of a homo-social culture in the Mexico’s post-revolutionary stage, a process that would later determine the structure of the Mexican state. I also contend that in the construction of the mythical figure of Pancho Villa at least two sources of representation are participating: the Mexican state machinery on the one hand, and the American media on the other. By the same token, I show how the figure of Villa nurtures a national project and constitutes one of the most diffused perceptions of Mexican identity in the United States. / text

Darbe aptariamas Vakarų (lietuvių kultūra) ir Rytų kultūrų santykis ir jungiamoji jų grandis – mitas, pateikiama mitinė Donaldo Kajoko romano „Ežeras ir kiti jį lydintys asmenys“ analizė. Analizuojamą romano pasaulį skirstome į tris personažo gyvenimo sferas: gyvenimą su gamta, gyvenimą su žmonėmis, gyvenimą su dvasinėmis esybėmis. Pastebėta, kad pagrindinis romane vaizduojamas objektas yra ežeras. Jis simbolizuoja pirminį chaosą. Ežero centre – dieviško grožio ir didžiulės energijos sala, ji taip pat yra visos romano erdvės centras. Ežero pakraščiai įkūnija mitinio pasaulio dalis: vienoje pusėje pelkė – anapusinis pasaulis, kitoje dvaras – žmogaus gyvenamasis pasaulis. Kuo toliau į pakraščius nuo salos, tuo aplinka klaidesnė. Dvaro gyventojai nesikeičia nei išvaizda, nei charakteriu, pagrindinio veikėjo Gabrieliaus Aušauto pasikeitimai priklauso nuo jo gyvenimo dvare laiko. Dvaro šeimininkę Augustę, pasaulio tvarkos prižiūrėtoją, nužudo jos virėja Juta, nes pastaroji nori sustabdyti kosmoso kūrimąsi ir grąžinti pasaulį į chaosą. Pelkėje gausu fantastinių veikėjų nesybių, arba anattų. Budizmo filosofijoje anattos sąvoka reiškia besieliškumą, vientisos ir patvarios esybės nebuvimą. Anattos savo pažiūromis į pasaulį teigia skirtingų teologinių ir filosofinių minčių susimaišymą, mirties visagališkumą. Ilgainiui pagrindinis veikėjas virsta anatta. Pagrindinės romano temos – amžinybė, chaoso ir kosmoso kova, pasaulio pirmapradiškumas, kurį žmogus išvysta tik miręs. / This paper deals with intercultural dialogue between Western culture (Lithuanian) and Eastern culture. We suggest to think of myth as a connection between those two cultures in Donaldas Kajokas’s Novel "Ežeras ir kiti jį lydintys asmenys". The main object of this novel is a lake. It symbolizes the primordial chaos. In the middle of the lake there is an island of divine beauty and enormous energy. In this novel the center of the space is an island. The edges of the lake embody the sections of the mythical world. On one side there is a swamp – the ulterior world. On the other side there is a manor house – the man‘s living place. Manor residents do not change their appearance neither their character. The main character Gabrielius Ašautas changes depends on the time he spends in the manor house. The manor house hostess Augusta is the warden of the world order. She was killed by her kitchener Juta because the last-mentioned wants to stop the creation of the cosmos and to recreate the chaos. There are a lot of unreal creatures in the swamp, so-called anatta. In Buddhism, the term anatta refers to the notion of soulless. Eventually the main character turns into anatta. The main themes in this novel are: an eternity, struggle between chaos and cosmos, and the primordiality of the world.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Universität Zürich, 1978. / Includes indexes and bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:02:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2731697 bytes, checksum: c6d4966d1294ba469b32bdc0500cd7fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / In the Bible we see stories in the meeting of the wives of Isaac, Jacob and Moses, a mythic image, the same plot and a myth. This research aims to highlight and analyze these features seeking to understand them and respond to guiding question "What is the function and meaning of this narrative for the ancient Israelites?". Justify the search in the search for meaning of a sacred history of antiquity that inspired and instructed the people - Jews, and became so important that was recorded in its main holy book. From Mircea Eliade, Gilbert Durand, Joseph Campbell, Arnold Van Gennep, Gershom Sholem, among others, traveled a path where a reading is made of three Bible stories. The methodology used is that of literature with a qualitative approach with reference to the Hebrew Bible and books specializing in myth and symbol, watch out for an analysis supported by the anthropological school of religion. As results stand out: A scenario redundant - a couple who is in a well - alluding to a microcosm and refers the image center, as Eliade - the navel of the world as well, which draws the two complementary forces (male and female) that promote the creation, a plot that evolves into an outcome - an alien who presents after a long journey stops and rests in a well. A woman finds. There is a dialogue between them. There offering water. The woman returns to her home and reported the incident. The alien remains in the well. Relatives of the woman they meet abroad and invites him to join. The alien remains some time with them. Is a marriage; The myth of androgen as primary justification for marriage in Judaism; The journey in search of the bride; The symbolism of the meeting; The mitocrítica these Bible stories. In any way disregard the many other forms of analysis and interpretation previously promoted by researchers, theologians and biblical scholars. This is just a glimpse into the object of the meeting of the wives of the Biblical patriarchs. A look influenced by theorists of symbolic hermeneutics, giving its contribution to the understanding of something that is bigger than any one mind may have already guessed, is that the religious phenomenon and its various forms to submit to the man. / Na Bíblia observamos nas histórias do encontro das esposas de Isaac, Jacó e Moisés: uma imagem mítica, um mesmo enredo e um mito. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo destacar e analisar estas características buscando compreende-los e responder a pergunta norteadora qual a função e significado desta narrativa para os antigos israelitas? . Justificamos a pesquisa na busca por significado de uma história sagrada da Antiguidade que inspirou e instruiu um povo hebreus-, e tornou-se tão relevante que foi registrada no seu principal livro sagrado. A partir de Mircea Eliade, Gilbert Durand, Joseph Campbell, Arnold Van Gennep, Gershom Sholém, entre outros, percorremos um caminho onde é feita uma leitura destas três histórias bíblicas. A metodologia utilizada é a de pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa tendo como referência a Bíblia hebraica e livros especializados em mito e símbolo, atentos para uma análise amparada na escola antropológica da religião. Como resultados podemos destacar: Um cenário redundante um casal que se encontra em um poço -, aludindo a um microcosmos e que remete a imagem de centro, conforme Eliade o poço como umbigo do mundo, que atrai as duas forças complementares (masculino e feminino) que promovem a criação; Um enredo que evolui para um desfecho - apresenta um estrangeiro que depois de longa viagem pára e descansa em um poço. Uma mulher o encontra. Há um diálogo entre eles. Há oferecimento de água. A mulher volta a sua casa e relata o ocorrido. O estrangeiro permanece no poço. Parentes da mulher vão ao encontro do estrangeiro e o convida para entrar. O estrangeiro permanece algum tempo com eles. Ocorre um casamento; O mito do andrógeno primordial como justificativa para o casamento no judaísmo; A jornada em busca da noiva; A simbologia do encontro; A mitocrítica destas histórias bíblicas. De forma nenhuma desconsideramos as inúmeras outras formas de análise e interpretação promovida anteriormente por pesquisadores, teólogos ou biblicistas. Este é apenas mais um olhar sobre o objeto do encontro das esposas dos patriarcas bíblicos. Um olhar influenciado pelos teóricos da hermenêutica simbólica, dando a sua contribuição para o entendimento de algo que é maior do que qualquer mente possa já ter percebido, que é o fenômeno religioso e suas diversas formas de se apresentar ao homem.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:19:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AllanSilvaCoelho.pdf: 1332997 bytes, checksum: 5db0ebac02bd2c3cddf4fdee0895a50a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Would be possible to understand capitalism as religion? In categorical landmarks of modernity, based on rationalization and secularization, relate economics and religion is a nonsense. The capitalism is a secular system economic, so unrelated with religion. However, if critique of capitalism as religion not reduced to a simple metaphor, is necessary to find alternative concepts that capture the theoretical strength of this articulation. What kind of analytical framework reveals the limits of instrumental reason in make explicit the religious functioning of capitalism? The critical depth of capitalism as religion comes precisely from the intriguing junction between rational analyses of the structural functioning of capitalism (fetish) with the subjective dimension that drives as motivation (spirit). Even being a rational and non-religious system, which submits the human life to domestic laws destitute of any human sense, the capitalism develops not intentionally in the human interaction an operating structure based on sacrificial mythical-religious. The Human relationships are mediated by merchandise where the consumption takes on a central aspect in the meaning of the life and the symbolic reproduction of society. In the production and distribution of goods, the violence process, which explores, excludes and kills, is the same that generates fascination and adhesion. The visible expression of this spirit is no longer in traditional religious institutions, but in capitalism itself. Benjamin asserts that capitalism replaces the religion. Is a critique of a system of blaming the victims and the capitalists themselves, in that it never accumulate infinite and fully. Is a complaint of mythical elements that generate religious legitimacy to the fascination that hidden the barbarism. The theologians of DEI School also articulate his theory with critical purpose, in a theological approach that search to discern and criticize the idolatry in the world today. Looking for to understand the producing mechanisms of death placing the blame the victims as necessary sacrifice in the name of the hope of redemption. The theological discernment of capital idolatry supposes a kind of theological reason of non-confessional character, which surpassing the limits of modern epistemology, explains the contradiction of the presuppositions of modern western civilization. Reveals the role of the mythical-theological thinking in the hiding of the sacrificial character and seductive of the capitalism spirit. At the same time, emphasizes the necessary overcoming of positivistic interpretation of religion by criticizing reductionism of modern epistemology in the identification of instrumental reason with the human rationality. Renews the analytical tools from the spiritual setting of Capitalism and sees the loopholes of its overcoming. / Seria possível compreender o capitalismo como religião? Nos marcos categoriais da Modernidade, baseada na racionalização e na secularização, relacionar economia e religião é um contrassenso. O capitalismo é sistema econômico secular, portanto sem relação com religião. Entretanto, se a crítica do capitalismo como religião não se reduz a uma simples metáfora, é necessário encontrar conceitos alternativos que captem a força teórica desta articulação. Que tipo de quadro analítico desvela os limites da razão instrumental em explicitar o funcionamento religioso do capitalismo? A profundidade crítica de capitalismo como religião advém justamente da junção intrigante entre a análise racional do funcionamento estrutural do capitalismo (fetiche) com a dimensão subjetiva que o impulsiona como motivação (espírito). Mesmo sendo um sistema racional e não-religioso, que submete a vida humana a suas leis internas desprovidas de qualquer sentido humano, o capitalismo desenvolve não-intencionalmente na interação humana uma estrutura de funcionamento com fundamento mítico-religioso sacrificial. As relações humanas são mediadas pelas mercadorias, em que o consumo adquire um aspecto central na significação da vida e na reprodução simbólica da sociedade. Na produção e distribuição de mercadorias, o processo de violência que explora, exclui e mata é o mesmo que gera fascínio e adesão. A expressão visível deste espírito não está mais nas tradicionais instituições religiosas, mas no próprio capitalismo. Benjamin afirma que o capitalismo substitui a religião. É uma crítica de um sistema de culpabilização das vítimas e dos próprios capitalistas, na medida em que estes nunca acumulam de modo infinito e pleno. É uma denúncia dos elementos míticos que geram legitimação religiosa para o fascínio que oculta a barbárie. Os teólogos da Escola do DEI também articulam sua teoria com finalidade crítica, numa abordagem teológica que procura discernir e criticar a idolatria no mundo de hoje. Buscam entender os mecanismos de produção de morte com a culpabilização das vítimas como sacrifício necessário em nome da esperança de redenção. O discernimento teológico de idolatria do capital supõe um tipo de razão teológica de caráter não-confessional que, superando os limites da epistemologia moderna, explicite a contradição dos pressupostos da civilização moderna ocidental. Revela o papel do pensamento mítico-teológico na ocultação do caráter sacrificial e sedutor do espírito do capitalismo. Ao mesmo tempo, enfatiza a necessária superação da interpretação positivista da religião ao criticar o reducionismo da epistemologia moderna na identificação da razão instrumental com a racionalidade humana. Renova o instrumental analítico da configuração espiritual do Capitalismo e vislumbra as brechas de sua superação.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:21:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Guilherme.pdf: 862731 bytes, checksum: d89c0c0d917c93c5d54659ab9db62192 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-25 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This dissertation offers an exegesis of Mark 4. 35 41, Jesus Stills a Storm . Towards that goal, it starts with a critical survey of the current Quest for the Historical Jesus in dialogue with Cultural History, Microhistory and Historical Psychology, with the aim of raising relevant issues pertaining mythical narratives as well as their inherent value for our historical knowledge. From the literary mapping of the Greek Magical Papyri, and from evidence stemming from Qumran s Self Glorification Hymn , as well as the Old Testament and the later rabbinical texts arise fundamental parallels that are critical for our understanding of said narrative. Thus, the exegesis of our pericope sheds light on the elements of power, fear and mythical identity present in the narrative.(AU) / Esta dissertação elabora uma exegese de Marcos 4. 35 41, Jesus Acalma uma Tempestade . Para tanto, parte da revisão crítica da pesquisa atual do Jesus Histórico em diálogo com a História Cultural, Micro-história e Psicologia Histórica, com o intuito de levantar questões pertinentes às narrativas míticas e sua importância para o saber histórico. Do mapeamento literário dos Papiros Mágicos Gregos, bem como referência ao Hino de Auto-Exaltação de Qumran, ao antigo testamento e a textos rabínicos posteriores ao Novo Testamento, emergem paralelos que são fundamentais para a compreensão da perícope analisada. Assim, a exegese do texto em questão lança luz sobre os elementos de poder, medo e identidade mítica presentes na narrativa.(AU)

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2018-08-15T13:51:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marcelagomesdesouza.pdf: 34762692 bytes, checksum: 710cb8ca5b0af8f835660003433475ea (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-08-15T14:19:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marcelagomesdesouza.pdf: 34762692 bytes, checksum: 710cb8ca5b0af8f835660003433475ea (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T14:19:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marcelagomesdesouza.pdf: 34762692 bytes, checksum: 710cb8ca5b0af8f835660003433475ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-13 / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo desenvolver e analisar uma estratégia de ampliação do repertório literário de alunos do 7o ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública estadual de Juiz de Fora: a criação de uma comunidade de leitores em sala de aula através da leitura compartilhada de uma obra de referência para os alunos – no caso a Bíblia, mais especificamente narrativas relacionadas aos Heróis Moisés e Jesus – usando como chave de leitura a Jornada do Herói, a qual permitiria estabelecer uma relação intertextual entre a obra já conhecida e uma rede de novas obras pertencentes a sistemas diferentes do polissistema literário. A hipótese era a de que a leitura das histórias dos Heróis bíblicos Moisés e Jesus permitiria aos alunos expandirem seu repertório através da apropriação de estratégias literárias mobilizadas pela Jornada do Herói, presentes tanto nessas histórias quanto nas histórias dos Heróis gregos e do Herói celta Rei Arthur. Além disso, tinha-se a intenção de verificar se era possível promover uma ativação do repertório recém-adquirido numa leitura de partes da série contemporânea Harry Potter que levasse em consideração o intenso diálogo intertextual que ela mantém com as narrativas tradicionais. Os pressupostos teóricos que embasaram esta pesquisa foram: repertório literário (Iser, 1996),comunidade de leitores (Chartier, 1994), Jornada do Herói (Campbell, 1997) e polissistema literário (Zohar, 2013). Além disso, foi adotada a estratégia de leitura compartilhada (Colomer, 2007). A metodologia usada foi a pesquisa-ação e, como instrumentos de coleta de dados, foram usados questionários diagnósticos, diário de campo do professor e diário de leitura dos alunos. A partir da leitura compartilhada das obras anteriormente mencionadas, conseguimos construir uma comunidade de leitores partindo da Bíblia para outras obras intertextualmente relacionadas. Os alunos conseguiram estabelecer relações entre as histórias lidas tendo como referência a Jornada do Herói elaborada por Campbell. / This research aims to test a strategy to expand the literary repertoire of students of the 7th grade of Elementary School in a public school in Juiz de Fora: the creation of a community of readers in the classroom through shared reading of a reference work for students - in this case the Bible, more specifically narratives related to the heroes Moses and Jesus - using as a key reading the Hero's Journey, which will establish an intertextual relationship between the already known work and a network of new works belonging to systems different from the literary polysystem. The hypothesisis that reading the stories of the biblical heroes Moses and Jesus will allow students to expand their repertoire by appropriating literary strategies mobilized by the Hero's Journey, both in these stories and in the stories of the Greek heroes and the Celtic hero King Arthur . In addition, it is intended to check if it is possible to promote a newly acquired repertoire activation in a reading of parts of the contemporary Harry Potter series that takes in to account the intense intertextual dialogue it maintains with traditional narratives. The theoretical assumptions underlying this research were: literary repertoire (Iser, 1996), community of readers (Chartier, 1994), Hero's Journey (Campbell, 1997) and literary polysystem (Zohar, 2013). In addition, the shared reading strategy was adopted (Colomer, 2007). The methodology use disaction research and the instruments of data collection are diagnostic questionnaires, teacher's field diary and student reading diary. From the shared reading of the works mentioned above, we were able to build a community of readers from the Bible to other intertextually related works. The students were able to establish relationships between the stories read with reference to the Hero's Journey elaborated by Campbell.

“The Wanderings of Oisin” was published in 1889 and is one of W.B Yeats’ earliest poems and is the main focus for this essay. The poem depicts the duality of Irish identity and the transition from one system of belief to another. This essay will demonstrate that W.B Yeats uses Celtic and Catholic mythology in “The Wanderings of Oisin” in order to reflect his contemporary Ireland. The essay begins with a deifintion and a discussion about the words 'myth' and 'mythical method'. The second part of the essay describes the depiction of Celtic and Catholic mythology in “The Wanderings of Oisin” and the connection to late nineteenth century Ireland. The first section presents information on Irish nineteenth-century history and the second section focuses on five parallels to Yeats' contemporary society: The vitality of Celtic mythological beings, the depiction of Oisin as mediator, the sense of loss regarding Irish culture, the juxtaposition of Celtic and Catholic and the ambivalence that follows in a society where two conflicting mythologies coexist and compete. The main body of arguments discusses these parallels between Yeats’ portrayal of Celtic mythology and nineteenth century Ireland and shows that "The Wanderings of Oisin" reflects Yeats' contemporary Irish society.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Enigmatique, poétique, fragmentaire, foisonnante, réitérative, l’œuvre de Pascal Quignard attire par son univers complexe composé de fiction, de vécu personnel, de récits fabuleux, d’érudition, de pensées philosophiques, dans lequel on rencontre des lieux qui constituent des ports d’attache et qui détiennent les secrets du temps. Ces lieux semblent structurer l’œuvre. L’auteur s’intéresse à l’esprit des lieux comme pour mieux souligner les liens invisibles et imaginaires qui se tissent entre l’homme, son territoire et son passé. Etudier l’esprit des lieux et le mythe de l’origine chez Quignard, c’est essayer de comprendre l’évocation récurrente de ce territoire devenu obsédant et sa puissance de représentation dans la création de l’écrivain. Avec le choix du double corpus, romanesque et philosophique, avec le choix d’une méthode de recherche pluridisciplinaire (critique littéraire, anthropologie, imaginaire), notre thèse se construit en trois parties, qui abordent successivement la question de l’attirance des lieux, celle du glissement de l’enchantement à la mélancolie, ainsi que les caractéristiques de l’écriture poétique et mythique de Quignard. Nous trouvons des lieux enchantés qui reflètent la Weltanschauung de l’auteur. Véritables sources de vie, de l’imagination et de la création, ils suscitent la réconciliation entre l’homme et son passé, son territoire et son identité, même si la mélancolie y demeure fondamentale. Les personnages de Quignard sont extrêmement sensibles à tout ce qui est perdu et oublié, à des maisons et lieux abandonnés, à des hommes qui sont présentés comme des enfants d’Eve exilés. Le désir de ré-enraciner, de se ré-ancrer dans le lieu d’autrefois révèle l’attachement mais aussi la défaillance, car l’homme se trouve vite confronté à ce qui est perdu, au vide. L’enchantement reste éphémère, la mélancolie nous ouvre la porte des lieux sombres. Pour mettre en lumière l’esprit des lieux, Pascal Quignard a recours à une écriture riche en réminiscences, en images, en mythes. Son œuvre est le fruit de l’imaginaire, de l’intuition. Les relations complexes entre Fragments, Réminiscences, Mémoire dans son écriture révèlent la profondeur poétique de l’œuvre, tandis que le narrateur suit l’instant, la trace des êtres, les appels lointains, toujours avec son intuition, et ses impressions de poète mélancolique. L’écrivain sert également d’anciens mythes, les transforme et les enrichit comme un moyen efficace pour créer son propre mythe des lieux : mythe du perdu, mythe du retour et mythe de l’origine. / Enigmatic, poetic, fragmentary, abundant, the attraction of Pascal Quignard's work comes from the complex universe of fiction, personal experiences, fabulous stories, extensive documentation and philosophical thoughts, in which some places are homeports, holding the secrets of time. Such places seem to structure the work. The author favors the spirit of places, as if to underline the invisible imaginary links between man, his territory and his past. To study the spirit of places and the origin of myth in the work of Quignard one has to try to understand the recurring evocation, which has become obsessive, of this territory, and his power of creation as writer. With the choice of a double corpus, fiction and philosophy, and a method of interdisciplinary research (literary criticism, anthropology, imagination), our thesis divides into three parts, which will examine in succession the attractiveness of places, then proceed from enchantment to melancholy, and eventually determine the characteristics of the poetic and (the) mythical writing of Quignard. We will find enchanted places that reflect the worldview of the author. They are the true sources of life, imagination and creativity, bringing about reconciliation between man and his past, his territory and his identity, even if melancholy remains fundamental in them. The characters of Quignard are extremely sensitive to all that is lost and forgotten, abandoned homes and places, and to men who are Eve's children in exile. The desire to re-root oneself into the place of the past reveals attachment but also failure, because man is quickly confronted with loss and emptiness. The enchantment remains elusive; melancholy appears constant and opens somber places in his work. To enhance the spirit of place, Quignard makes use of a rich choice of reminiscences, images and myths. His work is at the same time search for, analysis and a quest on man and his place on earth, but it is also a product of imagination and intuition. The complex relations between Fragments, Reminiscences, and Memory in his writing reveal the poetic depth of the work. The narrator also follows moment and instinct, always with the intuition and feelings of a melancholy poet. The writer also uses ancient myths and transforms and enriches them as an effective way to create his own myth of place: myth of (the) loss, myth of (the) return and the myth of (the) origin.