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This thesis discusses and analyses the existence of two different perspectives, a social and a technical one, in Library and Information Science (LIS). Most of the time the division between these perspectives seems to result in research only using either of them. This can be a problem when studying complex phenomena. We therefore see a need for a metatheory that unites the social and the technical. By presenting and analysing all doctoral dissertations published at the Swedish School of Library and Information Science (SSLIS) 1993-2005, we try to detect and critically discuss the dichotomy between the two perspectives. The analysis of the dissertations is done with an Actor-network theory (ANT) perspective. The outcome is that most of the dissertations are written using either a social or a technical perspective, though not all of them. As a way out of the division between the social and the technical, we discuss the possibilities for ANT as a new metatheory for LIS. A few examples of international ANT writings in LIS are also presented briefly to show the possibilities of that metatheory. / Uppsatsnivå: D

Denna studie har undersökt professioners lärande inom äldreomsorg, förskola och musikskola i det tillfälliga nätverket "sång- och musikstunden" som är en del av projektet "Barn och äldre sjunger tillsamman". Studien är inspirerad av Aktör-nätverksteorin. Studiens är kvalitativ och data har insamlats med hjälp av intervjuer och observationer. Studien har studerat samspelet mellan mänskliga och icke-mänskliga aktanter och hur dessa påverkat det tillfälliga nätverket. Resultatet visar på att aktanterna har betydelse för hur kommunikationen uppstår i det tillfälliga nätverket. Studien har också visat att det tillfälliga nätverket bidragit till lärande hos professionerna som deltagit. / This study examined professions learning in elderly care, kindergarten and music school in the temporary network "song- and music time" as part of the project "Children and the elderly are singing together" The study is inspired by actor-network theory. The study is qualitative and the data was collected through interviews and observations. The study has studied the interaction between human and non-human actants and how these affected the temporary network. The results show that the actants are important for how communication occurs in the temporary network. The study has also shown the temporary network contributed to the learning needs of the profession who participated.

Intresset för effektivisering av underhåll på järnvägen i Sverige växer, järnvägsinfrastrukturen utsätts för högre belastning på grund av den ökade trafiken vilket innebär mer slitage och kortare tidsfönster för inspektion och underhåll. Digitalisering av underhåll på järnvägen bidrar med att säkerställa kontinuerlig drift, effektivt underhåll, planering och minskar olyckor. Realtidsöverföring av data är teknik som är centralt för att mäta tillståndet på järnvägen. Tekniken har visats effektivisera det förebyggande underhållet av järnvägen med enheter som mäter tillståndet på räls och lok i realtid, tekniken benämns som tillståndsbaserade underhållssystem. Syftet med denna studie är att identifiera de problemfaktorer som påverkar användningen av tillståndsbaserat underhåll med utgångspunkt från inblandade aktörer. Studiens använder sig av aktörs-nätverksteorin för att identifiera hur problemfaktorerna förhåller sig till inblandade aktörer och hur användningen av tillståndsbaserat underhåll påverkas av faktorerna. Data samlades in via semistrukturerade intervjuer och tolkades med en innehållsanalys. Resultatet indikerar att komplexitet, samverkan, datahantering, juridiska aspekter, ekonomiska aspekter, underhållsaspekter och kompetensnivå är kategorier över de identifierade problemfaktorer som kan bidra med problem kring användningen av tillståndsbaserat underhåll. / Interest in efficientmaintenance on the railway in Sweden is growing, the railway infrastructure is exposed to higher loads due to the increased traffic, which leads to increased tear on the railway infrastructure and shorter time windows for inspection and maintenance. Digitalization of maintenance on the railway helps to ensure continuous operation, efficient maintenance, planning and reduces accidents. Real-time data transmission is technology that is central to measuring the condition of the railway. The technology has been proven to improve the preventive maintenance of the railway with units that measure the condition of rails and locomotives in real time, the technology is referred to as condition-based maintenance. The purpose of this study is to identify the problem factors that have an influencing effect on the use of condition-based maintenance systems based on the actors involved. The study uses the Actor Network Theory to identify how the problem factors relate to the actors involved and how the use of condition-based maintenance is affected by the factors. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and interpreted with a content analysis. The results indicate that complexity, collaboration, data management, legal aspects, financial aspects, maintenance aspects and competence level are categories over factors that can contribute to problems around the use of condition-based maintenance.

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The purpose of this thesis is to examine how six different art museums are working on digitizing their collections, and how they are made available to the public. To answer the purpose, three research questions were formulated; how the museums work with digitization, what is digitized and which programs and guidelines are used, and how the digitized material is made available to the public on the websites. The museums examined in this thesis are Nationalmuseum in Stockholm, the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C., Moderna Museet in Stockholm, the National Palace Museum Taiwan in Taipei and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. Prior to the study, previous research on digital humanities, digitization in museums, and the role of museums and their approach to digital collections, were studied. The theoretical framework used in the analysis consists of theories regarding “New media” and digital humanities, theories about “The museum process” and Actor-network theory, ANT. The method used is qualitative content analysis and semiotic image analysis of the museum websites. The results and analysis show that the museum websites differ in terms of design, functions, user-friendliness and collection content. In addition, the museums use different guidelines and software programs in the digitization process of their collections, although there is some overlap. The analysis shows that the Rijksmuseum, the Smithsonian and the National Palace Museum Taiwan are the museums in the study that have made the most progress with digitizing their collections and using interactive elements on their websites. The museum with the least developed digitization work is Moderna Museet, whose search page is the simplest and most standardized in comparison with the other museum websites.