Ce mémoire propose d’analyser la portée des dynamiques de pouvoir intersectionnelles – inter et intra sexe, ethnie et catégorie sociale, comprises comme étant des catégories identitaires articulés – au sein de l’appareil judiciaire montréalais du XVIIIe siècle. Pour ce faire, les archives de procès pour meurtre servent de matériau de base, le crime constituant de façon inhérente la prise ultime de pouvoir d’un individu sur un autre, soit celle de lui enlever la vie. L’analyse se concentre d’une part sur les dynamiques de pouvoir entre les individus, en accordant une importance particulière à l’agentivité des principaux acteurs concernés, et d’autre part, sur les dynamiques de pouvoir entre les individus et l’État, soit entre les sujets et leur roi, dispensateur de toute justice. Le meurtre est ici compris comme un acte de pouvoir violent, mais aussi comme une perturbation de l’ordre social que doit rétablir la justice en punissant le coupable. Se posent alors plusieurs questions : est-ce que l’entrecroisement des catégories identitaires du genre, de la race et de la catégorie sociale influence le cours de la justice? Si oui, comment? À l’inverse, la justice est-elle appliquée différemment selon l’intersectionnalité du sexe, de l’ethnie et de la catégorie sociale des prévenus et victimes? C’est ce que nous déterminons en analysant les dynamiques de pouvoir dans les procès judiciaires pour meurtre de la juridiction de Montréal au XVIIIe siècle, d’abord, sous l’angle du genre dans le premier chapitre, puis sous celui des ethnies dans le second chapitre et enfin, sous celui des catégories sociales dans le troisième chapitre. / This thesis analyses the influence of intersectional power dynamics – inter and intra sex, ethnicity and social category, seen as articulated identity categories – within the eighteenth-century Montreal judiciary system. Murder trial archives serve as the basis for this analysis, the crime of murder in and of itself implying the exercise of total power by one person over another, by taking away his or her life. On one hand, the proposed analysis will focus on power dynamics between individuals, according a special attention to the agency of the principal actors. On the other hand, it will focus on power dynamics between the individuals and the State, in other words between subjects and their king, dispenser of justice. The crime of murder of course suggests an act of power, but also implies a disruption of social order, which justice must restore by punishing the guilty party. We then ask: do the identity categories of gender, race and social category influence the course of justice, and if so, how? Inversely, is justice applied differently according to the intersectionality of the suspect or the victim’s sex, ethnicity and social category? We will answer those questions by analyzing power dynamics in the murder trials of the jurisdiction of Montreal in the eighteenth century; first, from the angle of gender in chapter 1, from that of ethnic groups in the second chapter and finally, from that of social categories in the third chapter.

This diploma thesis deals with a phenomenon of influencers - specifically how do these producers of media content perceive their audience. The goal of this diploma thesis is to identify and understand the behavior and culture of followers from the perspective of influencers in the context of media literacy. Nowadays anyone with an internet connection can become a follower of an influencer and basic knowledge about the cyberspace is not necessary. Thanks to the qualitative research among six different influencers this diploma thesis does offer theoretical and empirical point of view on a behavior, culture and media literacy of a young digital audience. The first part of the diploma thesis is dedicated to theoretical knowledge related to the digital audience, internet and danger that comes with the usage of cyberspace as well as media literacy in the context of a new media. The next part focuses on the interpretation of the methodology of research, followed by the presentation of results of the conducted research and their summary. Based on the research the author found out that participating influencers are aware of a connection between their behavior and hobbies and behavior and hobbies of their influencers. Subjects of the research perceive their audience in a positive way, their feedback is important to...

Comme plusieurs pays industrialisés, le Canada fait face à un vieillissement de sa population qui est exacerbé par la baisse de la mortalité aux âges adultes et avancés. Pour atténuer les conséquences du vieillissement de la population, le Canada a recours à une immigration internationale qui s’est beaucoup diversifiée quant au lieu de naissance des arrivants depuis quelques décennies. Dans ce contexte, il est intéressant de s’interroger sur le comportement différentiel des immigrants selon leur provenance en comparaison avec les Canadiens de naissance. Notre recherche s’inscrit plus précisément sous la thématique mortalité et elle a pour objectif d’étudier les disparités dans la distribution des décès par âge et par sexe selon la provenance, cette dernière étant comprise d’une double manière, soit selon une perspective géographique, soit selon le niveau de développement du pays de naissance. En utilisant une approche de lissage par P-splines, nous estimons l’âge modal (i.e. le plus commun) au décès et la dispersion des durées de vie au mode pour les divers groupes d’immigrants à l’étude et les natifs. Nos résultats montrent que la mortalité aux grands âges résumée par l’âge modal au décès, M, est plus faible pour l’ensemble des immigrants qu’au sein de la population native. L’écart est plus élevé chez les hommes et relativement faible chez les femmes, tout en étant statistiquement significatif. La répartition des décès selon l’âge des immigrants est plus concentrée autour de son centre que celle des natifs, indiquant une plus grande homogénéité des durées de vie individuelles aux âges avancés. L’âge modal au décès estimé pour chacune des catégories de provenance considérées séparément, soit selon la région géographique, soit selon l’indice de développement humain, présente des différences statistiquement significatives par rapport à la population native, à l’exception des femmes Britanniques et celles de l’Afrique et du Moyen-Orient. De plus, certaines différences significatives en matière d’âge modal au décès sont observées lors de la comparaison des groupes d’immigrants entre eux. Le phénomène de sélection, à la fois dans le pays de provenance et dans celui de destination, est l’explication la plus plausible pour ces différences et elle est discutée dans ce mémoire. / Like many industrialized countries, Canada is facing an aging population that is exacerbated by the decline in mortality in adulthood and advanced ages. To mitigate the consequences of an aging population, Canada has resorted to international immigration, which has greatly diversified in terms of the place of birth of arrivals in recent decades. In this context, it is interesting to study the differential behavior of immigrants according to their origin compared to native-born Canadians. Our research focuses specifically under the theme of mortality and its objective is to study the disparities in the distribution of deaths by age and sex according to origin, the latter being twofold, i.e., from a geographical perspective, or according to the level of development of the country of birth. Using a P-spline smoothing approach, we estimate the modal (i.e., the most common) age at death and the dispersion of mode lifespans for the various immigrant groups under study and natives. Our results show that mortality at older ages, summarized by the modal age at death, M, is lower among immigrants than for the native population. The difference is higher for men and relatively small for women, while still being statistically significant. The distribution of deaths by age of immigrants is more concentrated around its center than that of natives, indicating a greater homogeneity of individual lifespans at advanced ages. The estimated modal age at death for each of the categories of origin considered separately, either by geographic region or by HDI, shows statistically significant differences compared to the native population, with the exception of women from the United Kingdom and from Africa and the Middle East. In addition, some significant differences in the modal age at death are observed when comparing immigrant groups with each other. The phenomenon of selection in both the country of origin and the country of destination is the most plausible explanation for these differences and is discussed in this thesis.

En este trabajo se analizan las representaciónes de dos categorías sociales, las mujeres y los indígenas en dos novelas latinoamericanas cuyas tramas acontecen en la primera mitad del siglo XX en Perú y México, respectivamente: La casa verde (1965) del escritor peruano Mario Vargas Llosa y Oficio de tinieblas (1962) de la escritora mexicana Rosario Castellanos. Nos proponemos analizar cómo diferentes formas de discriminación (referidas a clase social, género sexual y etnicidad) se entrecruzan en las novelas. Para ello vamos a realizar un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de una selección de diálogos de ambas novelas. Para llevar a cabo el análisis cuantitativo vamos a valernos del test de Bechdel. Mediante el cual podremos comprobar si hay una escasa cantidad de diálogos entre mujeres e indígenas en comparación con otros grupos sociales, lo cual nos permitirá visualizar posibles desigualdades en las representaciones de ambos grupos sociales en las novelas. En nuestra parte cualitativa, a través de un análisis crítico del discurso y utilizando una perspectiva interseccional, analizamos los diálogos directos en los que se habla sobre estos dos grupos sociales, las mujeres y los indígenas, para poder estudiar su representación en las novelas y para ver si encontramos elementos que puedan considerarse discriminatorios con respecto a estos grupos sociales. Finalmente, se compara el resultado cuantitativo con el resultado cualitativo para así poder también probar la conveniencia del test de Bechdel para analizar desigualdades en los medios de ficción. / The aim of this paper is to analyse the representation of two social categories, women and natives, in two Latin American novels, whose plot takes place in the first half of the twentieth century in Peru and Mexico, respectively: The green house/La casa verde (1965) by Peruvian author Mario Vargas Llosa and The book of lamentation/Oficio de tinieblas (1962) by Mexican author Rosario Castellanos. In this study, we will analyse how different forms of discrimination (regarding social class, gender and ethnicity) intersect in both novels. We will use a quantitative and qualitative analysis of selected dialogues of both novels. To perform the quantitative analysis, we will make use of the Bechdeltest. Through this test we can study a small amount of dialogues between women and natives compared to other social groups, allowing us to visualize possible inequalities in the representation of both social groups in the novels. In our qualitative part we will study the dialogues in which the interlocutors talk about these two social groups, women and natives, to interpret their representation in the novels and to find out if there are elements that may be considered discriminatory with respect to these social groups, through a critical discourse analysis and an intersectional perspective. Finally, the quantitative result is compared with the qualitative results so that we can test the suitability of Bechdel test to analyse inequalities in the media fiction.

Les journaux des militaires français engagés dans la pacification du Vietnam (1885-1900) ne reprennent pas les stéréotypes du discours colonial. Les manuels scolaires de la Troisième République exaltent au contraire la conquête de l’Indochine et les progrès qui, selon eux, s’ensuivent nécessairement. Il en est de même de la littérature pour la jeunesse qui met de plus l’accent sur l’environnement naturel indochinois propice à tous les rêves et à toutes les aventures. Mais l’opinion publique française a sans doute été avant tout marquée par les nombreuses expositions coloniales où la part des divers pays d’Indochine est de plus en plus importante et culmine à Paris avec la grande exposition coloniale internationale de 1931. C’est notamment dans ce contexte qu’émerge, par delà la prééminence longtemps postulée de l’art khmer, un discours patrimonial nouveau sur la diversité et la spécificité des arts indochinois (annamite, cham, khmer et laotien) qui constituera, avec l’aide des sociétés savantes de la colonie (Ecole Française d’Extrême Orient, Société des Amis du Vieux Hué) l’une des bases du discours touristique colonial naissant. Mais ces représentations de l'Indochine pacifiée, engagée sur la voie de la civilisation et du progrès, sont vite sapées par le flux d'informations concernant les soulèvements populaires vietnamiens de 1930 et leur répression. Les voix des Vietnamiens de France en nombre croissant (étudiants, travailleurs, intellectuels et militants indépendantistes) et celles de grandes figures du reportage (André Viollis convergent alors et ébranlent alors toute l'imagerie coloniale. Toute une production littéraire francophone (pour l'essentiel romanesque et se présentant volontiers comme "indochinoise") avait de longue date -de Jules Boissière à Pouvourville et à Farrère - rompu avec l'imagerie coloniale et son optimisme : satire du "Tonkin où l'on s'amuse" (Pouvourville) et des milieux coloniaux (Farrère, les Civilisés, 1905), constat d'un irréductible attachement des vietnamiens à leur indépendance (Jules Boissière) / The diaries of French soldiers participated in Vietnam’s pacification (1885-1900) did not follow the colonial stereotype perception. . Textbooks of the Third Republic in contrast, exalt the Indochinese conquest and believe in future necessary developments. This is also found in young adult literature which puts more emphasis on Indochinese natural environment for all dreams and adventures. However, the French public opinion was properly primarily marked by numerous colonial expositions where presence of Indochinese countries was more and more important, at peak with the Great international colonial exposition in Paris 1931. Particularly, a new heritage perception on diversity and specificity of Indochinese Art emerges (Annamite, Cham, Khmer and Lao) where Khmer art was dominant for a long time. This perception, with helps of colony’s learning societies (Ecole Française d’Extrême Orient, Société des Amis du Vieux Hué) is one of the major contribution of colonial tourism. However, these representations of pacified Indochina, emberked on the path of civilization and developments, are undetermined quickly by the flow of information about Vietnamese uprising in 1930 and their repressions. The voices of increasing number of Vietnamese in france (students, workers, intellectuals and independant activits) and well-known reporters (Andrée Viollis) then converge and tremble together one coloniale image. Any work of Francophone literature (for essentially romances and considered authors 'Indochinese") for a long time, since Jules Boissière to Pouvourville and until Farrère, has been constrasted with colonial societies (Farrère, Les Civilisés, 1905), finding of an irrefutable attachement between Vietnameseand their independence (Jules Boissière)

The rise of digital technology has transformed nearly every part of our daily lives, including the way we learn and memorize. Such transformations raise interesting questions for one of the most long-standing and demanding memorization tasks in the world: the memorization of the Islamic holy book, The Qur’an. For Muslims, The Qur’an is a timeless, sacred text, cradling within its covers many profound images, stories, and parables. Despite rigorous research in the fields of game design and memorization techniques, very little work has been done in combining these two areas of research to create a game-based memorization experience of The Quran. This thesis synthesizes game design elements with existing memorization techniques to foster a more engaging, enriching, and inspiring Qur’an memorization experience.

Text in English / Born at a time of abundance of technology, including new media, e-teens have their lives woven around the use of new media technologies to the extent that they virtually do everything with the aid of these technologies, including learning, playing, socialising and communicating. E-teens, besides, demonstrate marked expertise in the use of these technologies. Although there have been various studies done on this group of users supported by models and theories on the use, gratifications and appropriation of new media technologies, the premise of this study was on two assumptions. First, there are limited studies that have been conducted in the sub-Saharan African context, especially, Ghana. Second, most available theories and models that guide the study of e-teens’ use, appropriation and the use of new media technologies are generalized and do not sufficiently highlight the unique attributes and gratification needs that are tied to their developmental stage. In light of these assumptions, the study was undertaken to provide empirical evidence on the types of new media e-teens have access to; the types of new media used by e-teens in their scheme of things and e-teens’ purposes for using new media. It also sought to find out the gratifications sought and obtained from the use of new media technologies by e-teens; the key features of new media appropriation and experience among e-teens and to identify the features of new media technologies which are most appealing to e-teens. The other objective, which serves as the main contribution of this study, was to develop a conceptual model representing new media use and appropriation among e-teens, thereby filling the theoretical or conceptual gap that exists in this context. The study adopted a quantitative approach whereby data was collected using close-5ended questionnaires. The target population were teens from age 13 to 19 in senior high schools in the Greater Accra region of Ghana, selected using a simple random sampling. The results of the study show that, overall, the most popular new media technology that e-teens had access to and owned was the smartphone. Leading among the apps that e-teens found to be appealing were educational, entertainment and information/news, with communicative and participatory features of new media technologies appealing to e-teens highly. Also, educational, sociability and social inclusion, respectively, were the most popular gratifications sought and obtained by e-teens. It is submitted that social inclusion, educational and sociability gratifications are considered to be directly in line with the unique developmental needs of e-teens. However, it is recommended, among other things, that educational use of new media, which was one of the strong points for new media use, should be further encouraged as new media provides borderless opportunities forlearning. The researcher believes that the conceptual model for e-teen use and appropriation of new media technologies provide a firm ground for further research on topics related to this subject matter. To provide support and substance to the e-teen model, other researchers are encouraged to test and extend it where necessary. In conclusion, the findings provide evidence that new media technologies are highly appropriated by e-teens because the technologies help them meet their unique gratification needs. Therefore, the study recommends that, although new media use among e-teens can be encouraged, it is important to ensure proper usage, which will not be detrimental to them. / Communication Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Communication)

Les fourmis sont des organismes cibles appropriés pour les études environnementales. Au cours de notre étude, nous nous sommes focalisés sur les fourmis de la litière via l'application de deux méthodes de récolte complémentaires selon le protocole all (ants of leaf litter). Dans les forêts naturelles de Guyane française, l'hétérogénéité environnementale et les perturbations structurent les communautés de fourmis de la litière en influençant la richesse, la diversité, l'abondance et la densité en espèces ainsi que les compositions taxonomique et fonctionnelle. Chaque type de formation végétale possède une communauté spécifique. La fragmentation et la conversion des forêts en plantations ont entrainé une altération plus ou moins profonde des communautés; cette variabilité est fonction du type d’agriculture et des espèces d'essences cultivées. Bien que l'altération des communautés se soit révélée maximale dans la plupart des monocultures, les plantations de cacaoyers ont un potentiel de conservation réel. Enfin, dans un contexte ou il est urgent de simplifier l'intégration des arthropodes dans les études de conservation, de contrôle et de suivi de la santé des écosystèmes terrestres, la méthode des réseaux de neurones est apparue comme un outil puissant pour mettre en évidence et analyser les patrons des communautés de fourmis. / Ants are reliable and relevant target organisms for environmental surveys. In our study, we focused on litter-dwelling ants through the use of two complementary sampling methods that were implemented according to the ants of leaf litter (all) protocol. In pristine forests of french guiana, leaf-litter ant communities are structured by environmental heterogeneity and natural perturbations - which influence species richness, diversity, abundance and density, as well as taxonomic and functional composition. This results in habitat-specific communities for each vegetal formation. Forest fragmentation and conversion into monocultures have led to a more or less deep alteration of the ant communities; this variability depends on the type of agricultural system and cultivated tree species. Although the intensity of community alteration peaked in tree monocultures, cocoa plantation exhibited a real potential for native species conservation. Finally, in the current context where simplifying the integration of arthropods into conservation programs as well as into surveys designed to monitor and manage the environment is critical, the use of neural networks appears to be a powerful tool for reliably highlighting and analyzing ant communities patterns.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The work was development in Forestry Fepagro, Santa Maria, RS and in Laboratory of Biology and Microbiology of Soil and Environment Prof. Marcos Rubens Fries, from Department of Soil of Federal University of Santa Maria. First, the objective was to identify mycorrhizal associations in six native forestry species of Rio Grande do Sul State. This research was conducted in tree seasons of the year, in six native forestry species of State of Rio Grande do Sul. The roots were processed and analyzed according to mycorrhizal colonization type. The sporocarps found of native ectomycorrhizal fungi were identified, isolated and multiplied. The studies species were Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze), Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong.), Peltophorum dubium (Spreng) Taub.), Tabebuia chrysotricha (Mart. ex DC.) Standl.), Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart.) Standl.), Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbride). The forestry species didn t show ectomycorrhizal colonization in native conditions, although, it was found in some sporocarps near to some plants. It was observed the presence of associations with endomycorrhizal fungi in all species. The following study had the objective to test the possibility to form associations with ectomycorrhizal fungi and Apuleia leiocarpa and, in the fungi isolated UFSM RA 2.8 and UFSM RA 3.6 from Fepagro Forestry, respectively. These fungi were classified as Suillus sp. and Scleroderma sp. respectively. The fungi UFSC Pt 116 (Pisolithus microcarpus) and UFSC Pt 24 (Pisolithus sp.), were from of Federal University of Florianópolis, including the treatment without fungi. In Apuleia leiocarpa the fungi UFSM RA 3.6 was substituted by UFSC Sc 124 (Scleroderma sp.) fungi. It was analyzed seedling length, brash mass of aerial part and root, dry mass of part aerial, length and root and mycorrhizal colonization. It was observed the formation of ectomycorrhizal association in little plants of Apuleia leiocarpa and in Peltophorum dubium when inoculated with the ectomycorrhizal fungi Suillus sp.(UFSM RA 2.8). Furthermore, the results showed the best development in Apuleia leiocarpa in high plants, brash mass of aerial part and root, dry mass of part aerial. The Apuleia leiocarpa showed ectomycorrhizal association with isolated UFSM RA 2.8, in vitro . The Peltophorum dubium showed evidence that is possible have ectomycorrhizal associations with the isolate UFSM 2.8 in laboratory conditions. / O trabalho foi desenvolvido na Fepagro Florestas, Santa Maria RS e no Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia do Solo e do Ambiente Prof. Marcos Rubens Fries, do Departamento de Solos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Primeiramente, o objetivo foi realizar um levantamento da ocorrência bem como a identificação das associações micorrízicas em seis espécies florestais nativas presentes no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O estudo foi conduzido em 3 épocas do ano com a coleta de amostras de solo, raízes e esporocarpos dos fungos. As raízes foram processadas e analisadas quanto ao tipo de colonização micorrízica. Os esporocarpos fungos ectomicorrízicos nativos encontrados foram identificados, isolados e multiplicados. As espécies estudadas foram o pinheiro-do-paraná (Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze), timbaúva (Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong.), canafístula (Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub.), ipê-amarelo (Tabebuia chrysotricha (Mart. ex DC.) Standl.), ipê-roxo (Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart.) Standl.), grápia (Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F. Macbride). As espécies florestais estudadas não apresentaram colonização ectomicorrízica a campo, entretanto, foram encontrados esporocarpos próximos de algumas plantas. Observou-se a presença de associações com fungos endomicorrízicos em todas as espécies. Posteriormente, estudou-se a possibilidade de formar associações com fungos ectomicorrízicos, grápia e canafístula. Foram utilizados os seguintes isolados: na grápia os fungos utilizados foram os isolados UFSM RA 2.8 e UFSM RA 3.6 oriundos da Fepagro Florestas, Santa Maria-RS, classificados como Suillus sp. e Scleroderma sp., respectivamente e os isolados UFSC Pt 116 (Pisolithus microcarpus) e UFSC Pt 24 (Pisolithus sp.), oriundos da Universidade Federal de Florianópolis, mais a testemunha sem fungo. Na canafístula o fungo UFSM RA 3.6 foi substituído pelo fungo UFSC Sc 124 (Scleroderma sp.). As avaliações foram: altura de planta, massa verde da parte aérea, massa verde radicular, massa seca da parte aérea e colonização micorrízica. Ocorreu a formação de associação ectomicorrízica nas plântulas de grápia e indícios desta formação com a canafístula quando inoculadas com o fungo ectomicorrízico Suillus sp. UFSM RA 2.8. Além disso, os resultados mostram que ocorreu melhor desenvolvimento nas plântulas de grápia quanto a altura de plantas, massa verde radicular e da parte aérea, e massa seca da parte aérea. A grápia apresentou associações ectomicorrízicas com o isolado UFSM RA 2.8, in vitro . A canafístula apresentou características morfológicas evidenciando uma possível associação ectomicorrízicas com o inóculo UFSM RA 2.8 em condições de laboratório.

Text in English / Born at a time of abundance of technology, including new media, e-teens have their lives woven around the use of new media technologies to the extent that they virtually do everything with the aid of these technologies, including learning, playing, socialising and communicating. E-teens, besides, demonstrate marked expertise in the use of these technologies. Although there have been various studies done on this group of users supported by models and theories on the use, gratifications and appropriation of new media technologies, the premise of this study was on two assumptions. First, there are limited studies that have been conducted in the sub-Saharan African context, especially, Ghana. Second, most available theories and models that guide the study of e-teens’ use, appropriation and the use of new media technologies are generalized and do not sufficiently highlight the unique attributes and gratification needs that are tied to their developmental stage. In light of these assumptions, the study was undertaken to provide empirical evidence on the types of new media e-teens have access to; the types of new media used by e-teens in their scheme of things and e-teens’ purposes for using new media. It also sought to find out the gratifications sought and obtained from the use of new media technologies by e-teens; the key features of new media appropriation and experience among e-teens and to identify the features of new media technologies which are most appealing to e-teens. The other objective, which serves as the main contribution of this study, was to develop a conceptual model representing new media use and appropriation among e-teens, thereby filling the theoretical or conceptual gap that exists in this context. The study adopted a quantitative approach whereby data was collected using close-5ended questionnaires. The target population were teens from age 13 to 19 in senior high schools in the Greater Accra region of Ghana, selected using a simple random sampling. The results of the study show that, overall, the most popular new media technology that e-teens had access to and owned was the smartphone. Leading among the apps that e-teens found to be appealing were educational, entertainment and information/news, with communicative and participatory features of new media technologies appealing to e-teens highly. Also, educational, sociability and social inclusion, respectively, were the most popular gratifications sought and obtained by e-teens. It is submitted that social inclusion, educational and sociability gratifications are considered to be directly in line with the unique developmental needs of e-teens. However, it is recommended, among other things, that educational use of new media, which was one of the strong points for new media use, should be further encouraged as new media provides borderless opportunities for learning. The researcher believes that the conceptual model for e-teen use and appropriation of new media technologies provide a firm ground for further research on topics related to this subject matter. To provide support and substance to the e-teen model, other researchers are encouraged to test and extend it where necessary. In conclusion, the findings provide evidence that new media technologies are highly appropriated by e-teens because the technologies help them meet their unique gratification needs. Therefore, the study recommends that, although new media use among e-teens can be encouraged, it is important to ensure proper usage, which will not be detrimental to them. / Communication Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Communication)